CN106602215A - Method for preparing SiGe-based plasma pin diode for reconstructing holographic antennas - Google Patents

Method for preparing SiGe-based plasma pin diode for reconstructing holographic antennas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106602215A
CN106602215A CN201611185622.1A CN201611185622A CN106602215A CN 106602215 A CN106602215 A CN 106602215A CN 201611185622 A CN201611185622 A CN 201611185622A CN 106602215 A CN106602215 A CN 106602215A
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type
type groove
layer
sige
substrate
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尹晓雪
张亮
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Xian Cresun Innovation Technology Co Ltd
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Xian Cresun Innovation Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2283Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles mounted in or on the surface of a semiconductor substrate as a chip-type antenna or integrated with other components into an IC package
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66007Multistep manufacturing processes
    • H01L29/66075Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
    • H01L29/66083Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched, e.g. two-terminal devices
    • H01L29/6609Diodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/86Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
    • H01L29/861Diodes
    • H01L29/868PIN diodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/321Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Element Separation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing SiGe-based plasma pin diode for reconstructing holographic antennas. The method comprises: selecting a SiGeOI substrate of a crystal orientation; arranging an isolation region on the SiGeOI substrate; etching the substrate to form a P-type groove and an N-type groove wherein the depths of the P-type groove and the N-type groove are smaller than the thickness at the top SiGe layer of the substrate; forming a first P-type active region and a first N-type active region in the P-type groove and the N-type groove by ion implantation; filling the P-type groove and the N-type groove; forming a second P-type active region and a second N-type active region in the top SiGe layer of the substrate by ion implantation; and forming lead wires on the substrate to complete the preparation of the SiGe-based plasma pin diode. The embodiments of the present invention are capable of preparing and providing a high performance SiGe-based plasma pin diode suitable for forming a solid-state plasma antenna using a deep trench isolation technique and an ion implantation process.

Description

For the preparation method of the SiGe base plasma pin diodes of restructural holographic antenna
Technical field
The present invention relates to semiconductor device processing technology field, more particularly to a kind of SiGe for restructural holographic antenna The preparation method of base plasma pin diodes.
Background technology
Holographic antenna is made up of source antenna and holographic structure.With reference to actual demand, appropriate antenna is selected as source antenna, Change the radiation of feed by loading holographic structure, with the radiation characteristic of the target antenna needed for obtaining, by the electricity for giving The interference pattern of electromagnetic wave radiation further calculates antenna structure.Compared with traditional reflector antenna, holographic structure has flexible structure Form is built, is easy to and applied environment Integral design, be of wide application general.
Wireless communication system requires that antenna can change its electrical characteristics according to practical service environment, that is, realize antenna performance " restructural ".Reconfigurable antenna has the function of multiple antennas, reduces the quantity of antenna in system.Plasma antenna is one The radio-frequency antenna that plasma is oriented to medium as electromagnetic radiation is planted, it can change antenna by changing plasma density Instant bandwidth, and with big dynamic range;Can also be by changing plasma resonance, impedance and density etc., adjustment The frequency of antenna, beam angle, power, gain and directionality dynamic parameter, greatly cause the pass of domestic and international researcher Note, becomes the focus of antenna research field.
At present, domestic and international application is in the material that the solid plasma pin diode of plasma reconfigurable antenna is adopted Body silicon materials, this material has that intrinsic region carrier mobility is relatively low, affects pin diodes intrinsic region carrier concentration, And then affect its solid plasma bulk concentration;And the P areas of the structure and N areas are formed using injection technology mostly, the method will Ask implantation dosage and energy larger, it is high to equipment requirement and incompatible with existing process;And adopt diffusion technique, though junction depth compared with It is deep, but while P areas are larger with the area in N areas, integrated level is low, and doping content is uneven, the electric property of impact pin diodes, Cause the poor controllability of solid plasma bulk concentration and distribution.
Therefore, it is complete to be applied to solid plasma to make a kind of plasma pin diodes to select which kind of material and technique Breath antenna just becomes particularly important.
The content of the invention
Therefore, it is to solve technological deficiency and the deficiency that prior art is present, the present invention proposes a kind of holographic for restructural The preparation method of the SiGe base plasma pin diodes of antenna.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of SiGe base plasma pin diodes for restructural holographic antenna Preparation method, the SiGe bases plasma pin diodes be used for make restructural holographic antenna, the restructural holographic antenna Including:SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1);Be produced on first antenna arm (2) on the SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1), second Antenna arm (3), coaxial feeder (4) and holographic annulus (14);Wherein, the first antenna arm (2) and second antenna arm (3) Including being distributed in the coaxial feeder (4) both sides and isometric SiGe base plasma pin diode strings, the holographic annulus (14) Including multiple SiGe bases plasmas pin diode strings (w7);The preparation method includes step:
A () chooses the SiGeOI substrates of a certain crystal orientation, on SiGeOI substrates isolated area is arranged;
B () forms the second protective layer in the substrate surface;Is formed on second protective layer using photoetching process Two isolated area figures;Protected using specified location etching described second of the dry etch process in the second isolated area figure Layer and the substrate are forming p-type groove and N-type groove;
C () forms the first p-type active area and the first N-type in the p-type groove and the N-type groove using ion implanting Active area;
D () fills the p-type groove and the N-type groove, and using ion implanting in top layer Si Ge of the substrate Form the second p-type active area and the second N-type active area;
E () generates over the substrate silica, the impurity in active area is activated using annealing process, in the p-type , to form lead, Passivation Treatment and photoetching PAD are forming the plasma for contact zone and N-type contact zone lithography fair lead Pin diodes.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, isolated area is set on SiGeOI substrates, including:
(a1) the first protective layer is formed on the SiGe surfaces;
(a2) the first isolated area figure is formed on first protective layer using photoetching process;
(a3) the specified location etching described first using dry etch process in the first isolated area figure is protected Layer and the substrate are to form isolation channel, and the depth of the isolation channel is more than or equal to the thickness of top layer Si Ge of the substrate;
(a4) fill the isolation channel to form the isolated area of the plasma pin diodes.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, first protective layer includes the first silicon dioxide layer and the first silicon nitride layer; Correspondingly, step (a1) includes:
(a11) in the SiGe Surface Creations silica forming the first silicon dioxide layer;
(a12) in the first silicon dioxide layer Surface Creation silicon nitride forming the first silicon nitride layer.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, second protective layer includes the second silicon dioxide layer and the second silicon nitride layer; Correspondingly, it is described to include in the substrate surface the second protective layer of formation:
(b1) in the SiGe Surface Creations silica forming the second silicon dioxide layer;
(b2) in the second silicon dioxide layer Surface Creation silicon nitride forming the second silicon nitride layer.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, step (c) includes:
(c1) the p-type groove and the N-type groove are aoxidized so that the inwall shape of the p-type groove and the N-type groove Into oxide layer;
(c2) using wet-etching technology the oxide layer of the p-type groove and the N-type trench wall is etched to complete State the planarizing of p-type groove and the N-type trench wall;
(c3) the p-type groove and the N-type groove are carried out ion implanting to form the first p-type active area and institute The first N-type active area is stated, the first N-type active area is away from the N-type trenched side-wall and bottom depth along ion dispersal direction Region less than 1 micron, the first p-type active area is away from the p-type trenched side-wall and bottom depth along ion dispersal direction Region less than 1 micron.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, step (c3) includes:
(c31) p-type groove described in photoetching and the N-type groove;
(c32) p type impurity is injected separately into the p-type groove and the N-type groove using the method with glue ion implanting With N-type impurity forming the first p-type active area and the first N-type active area;
(c33) photoresist is removed.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, step (d) includes:
(d1) the p-type groove and the N-type groove are filled using polysilicon;
(d2) after substrate described in planarizing process, polysilicon layer is formed over the substrate;
(d3) polysilicon layer described in photoetching, and using the method with glue ion implanting to the p-type groove and the N-type ditch Groove position is injected separately into p type impurity and N-type impurity to form the second p-type active area and the second N-type active area and while shape Into p-type contact zone and N-type contact zone;
(d4) photoresist is removed;
(d5) polysilicon layer beyond the p-type contact zone and the N-type contact zone is removed using wet etching. On the basis of above-described embodiment, the holographic annulus (14) is formed by eight sections of isometric SiGe base plasma pin diode arrangements Octagon structure, wherein, the length of side of the octagon is long with the first antenna arm (2) and second antenna arm (3) Degree sum is identical.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the restructural holographic antenna is also semiconductor-based including the SiGeOI is made in The direct current biasing line (5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12) of piece (1);Direct current biasing line (5,6,7,8,9,10, the 11,12) interval Property is electrically connected to SiGe bases plasma pin diode string (w1, w2, w3, w4, the w5, w6) two ends, and adopts chemical gaseous phase The method of deposit is made on the SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1), and its material is copper, aluminium or passes through in the polysilicon for adulterating Any one, wherein, the first antenna arm (2) includes solid plasma pin diode string (w1, w2, w3), described second day Line arm (3) includes solid plasma pin diode string (w4, w5, w6).
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the SiGe bases plasma pin diodes include P+ areas (27), N+ areas (26) and Intrinsic region (22), and also include the first metal contact zone (23) and the second metal contact zone (24);Wherein, first metal connects Tactile area (23) is electrically connected the P+ areas (27) and positive voltage, and the second metal contact zone (24) is electrically connected the N+ Area (26) and negative voltage, so that correspondence SiGe base plasma pin diode strings two ends are applied in its all SiGe base etc. after voltage Ion pin diodes are in forward conduction state.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the embodiment of the present invention is employed by the P areas to SiGe base plasma pin diodes with N areas being based on The polysilicon damascene technique of the deep etching of etching, the technique can provide abrupt junction pi and tie with ni, and can effectively carry High pi knots, the junction depth of ni knots, strengthen the concentration of solid state plasma and the controllability of distribution.Also, due to sige material tool There is high carrier mobility, therefore high carrier concentration can be formed so as to improve the performance of diode in I areas.In addition, conventional In making the P areas of solid plasma pin diode and the preparation technology in N areas, formed using injection technology, the method requires note Enter dosage and energy is larger, it is high to equipment requirement and incompatible with existing process;And diffusion technique is adopted, though junction depth is deeper, Simultaneously P areas are larger with the area in N areas, and integrated level is low, and doping content is uneven, affect the electricity of solid plasma pin diode Performance, causes the poor controllability of solid plasma bulk concentration and distribution.
Become obvious by the other side and feature below with reference to the detailed description of accompanying drawing, the present invention.But should know Road, the accompanying drawing is only the purpose design explained, not as the restriction of the scope of the present invention, this is because it should refer to Appended claims.It should also be noted that unless otherwise noted, it is not necessary to scale accompanying drawing, they only try hard to concept Ground explanation structure described herein and flow process.
Description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of restructural holographic antenna of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of preparation method flow chart of SiGe bases plasma pin diodes of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of SiGe bases plasma pin diodes provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of SiGe bases plasma pin diode strings provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 s are the preparation method schematic diagram of another kind of SiGe bases plasma pin diodes of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the device architecture schematic diagram of another kind of SiGe bases plasma pin diodes of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is understandable to enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent from, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention Specific embodiment be described in detail.
The present invention proposes a kind of preparation method of the SiGe base plasma pin diodes for restructural holographic antenna. The SiGe base plasma pin diodes are to form horizontal pin diodes based on the SiGe in dielectric substrate, and it is adding Dc bias When, DC current can form the solid state plasma of free carrier (electronics and hole) composition, the plasma on its surface With metalloid characteristic, i.e., there is reflex to electromagnetic wave, the microwave transmission characteristic of its reflection characteristic and surface plasma, Concentration and distribution are closely related.
Laterally solid plasma pin diode plasma reconfigurable antenna can be by the pole of horizontal solid plasma pin bis- Pipe is arranged in a combination by array, is turned on using the solid plasma pin diode selecting in external control array, makes the battle array Row form dynamic solid state plasma striped, possess the function of antenna, have transmitting and receive capabilities to specific electromagnetic wave, and The antenna can pass through array in solid plasma pin diode selectivity conducting, change solid state plasma shape of stripes and Distribution, so as to realize the reconstruct of antenna, has important application prospect in terms of national defence communication with Radar Technology.
Hereinafter, the technological process of the SiGe base solid plasma pin diodes prepared to the present invention is made further in detail Description.In figure, for convenience of explanation, the thickness in layer and region is zoomed in or out, shown size does not represent actual size.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of the SiGe base plasma pin diodes for restructural holographic antenna, The SiGe bases plasma pin diodes are used to make restructural holographic antenna.Fig. 1 is referred to, Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention A kind of structural representation of restructural holographic antenna, the restructural holographic antenna includes:SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1);System Make first antenna arm (2) on the SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1), the second antenna arm (3), coaxial feeder (4) and holography Annulus (14);Wherein, the first antenna arm (2) and second antenna arm (3) are including being distributed in the coaxial feeder (4) two Side and isometric SiGe base plasma pin diode strings, the holographic annulus (14) includes multiple poles of SiGe bases plasma pin bis- Pipe string (w7).
The antenna arm of restructural holographic antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention is by SiGe base plasma pin diode string groups Into, and SiGe base plasma pin diodes are the characteristics of have selective conducting, under the control of outside control, SiGe bases etc. from The conducting length flexibly changing of sub- pin diodes, therefore antenna arm effective active length operationally also can change, it is holographic The electrology characteristic of antenna also can change therewith, and the operating frequency of antenna can meet more actual demands, so as to realize antenna Frequency reconfiguration.
Fig. 2 is referred to, Fig. 2 is a kind of preparation method flow process of SiGe bases plasma pin diodes of the embodiment of the present invention Figure;The preparation method includes step:
A () chooses the SiGeOI substrates of a certain crystal orientation, on SiGeOI substrates isolated area is arranged;
In this step, using SiGeOI substrates the reason for, is, for solid plasma antenna because its needs is good Microwave property, and solid plasma pin diode needs to have good isolation characteristic and current-carrying to meet this demand Son is the restriction ability of solid state plasma, and SiGeOI substrates due to its have can with isolation channel be conveniently formed pin every From region, silica (SiO2) also can be that solid state plasma is limited in top layer silicon by carrier, it is advantageous to using Substrates of the SiGeOI as solid plasma pin diode.And the carrier mobility of sige material is than larger, therefore device can be improved Part performance.
B () forms the second protective layer in the substrate surface;Is formed on second protective layer using photoetching process Two isolated area figures;Protected using specified location etching described second of the dry etch process in the second isolated area figure Layer and the substrate are forming p-type groove and N-type groove;
Wherein, the depth of p-type groove and N-type groove is more than the second protective layer thickness and less than the second protective layer and substrate top Layer SiGe thickness sums.Preferably, distance of the bottom of the p-type groove and N-type groove away from the top layer Si Ge bottom of substrate is 0.5 Micron~30 microns, forms the deep trouth being generally acknowledged that, so can form Impurity Distribution when p-type and N-type active area is formed equal Even and high-dopant concentration P, N area and tie with precipitous Pi and Ni, be beneficial to raising i areas plasma density.
C () forms the first p-type active area and the first N-type in the p-type groove and the N-type groove using ion implanting Active area;
D () fills the p-type groove and the N-type groove, and using ion implanting in top layer Si Ge of the substrate Form the second p-type active area and the second N-type active area;
E () generates over the substrate silica, the impurity in active area is activated using annealing process, in the p-type , to form lead, Passivation Treatment and photoetching PAD are forming the plasma for contact zone and N-type contact zone lithography fair lead Pin diodes.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, isolated area is set on SiGeOI substrates, including:
(a1) the first protective layer is formed on the SiGe surfaces;
(a2) the first isolated area figure is formed on first protective layer using photoetching process;
(a3) the specified location etching described first using dry etch process in the first isolated area figure is protected Layer and the substrate are to form isolation channel, and the depth of the isolation channel is more than or equal to the thickness of top layer Si Ge of the substrate;
(a4) fill the isolation channel to form the isolated area of the plasma pin diodes.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, first protective layer includes the first silicon dioxide layer and first Silicon nitride layer;Correspondingly, step (a1) includes:
(a11) in the SiGe Surface Creations silica forming the first silicon dioxide layer;
(a12) in the first silicon dioxide layer Surface Creation silicon nitride forming the first silicon nitride layer.
This have the advantage that, using silica (SiO2) loose nature, by the stress of silicon nitride (SiN) every From so as to can not conduct into top layer Si Ge, it is ensured that top layer Si Ge performance is stablized;Based on silicon nitride (SiN) and SiGe dry High selectivity when method is etched, film is sheltered by the use of silicon nitride (SiN) as dry etching, it is easy to which technique is realized.Of course, it is possible to It is understood by, the number of plies of protective layer and the material of protective layer are not limited herein, as long as protective layer can be formed.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, second protective layer includes the second silicon dioxide layer and second Silicon nitride layer;Correspondingly, it is described to include in the substrate surface the second protective layer of formation:
(b1) in the SiGe Surface Creations silica forming the second silicon dioxide layer;
(b2) in the second silicon dioxide layer Surface Creation silicon nitride forming the second silicon nitride layer.
, similar to the effect of the first protective layer, here is omitted for the benefit of do so.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, step (c) includes:
(c1) the p-type groove and the N-type groove are aoxidized so that the inwall shape of the p-type groove and the N-type groove Into oxide layer;
(c2) using wet-etching technology the oxide layer of the p-type groove and the N-type trench wall is etched to complete State the planarizing of p-type groove and the N-type trench wall;This have the advantage that:The projection shape of trenched side-wall can be prevented Into electric field concentrated area, Pi and Ni junction breakdowns are caused.
(c3) the p-type groove and the N-type groove are carried out ion implanting to form the first p-type active area and institute The first N-type active area is stated, the first N-type active area is away from the N-type trenched side-wall and bottom depth along ion dispersal direction Region less than 1 micron, the first p-type active area is away from the p-type trenched side-wall and bottom depth along ion dispersal direction Region less than 1 micron.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, step (c3) includes:
(c31) p-type groove described in photoetching and the N-type groove;
(c32) p type impurity is injected separately into the p-type groove and the N-type groove using the method with glue ion implanting With N-type impurity forming the first p-type active area and the first N-type active area;
(c33) photoresist is removed.
Wherein, the purpose of the first active area of formation is:One layer of uniform heavily doped region is formed in the side wall of groove, should Region is the heavily doped region in Pi and Ni knots, and the formation of the first active area has following several benefits, many to insert in groove Crystal silicon illustrates as a example by electrode, first, avoid hetero-junctions between polysilicon and SiGe and tie with Pi and Ni and overlap, it is caused The uncertainty of performance;Secondth, the diffusion velocity of impurity in polysilicon can be utilized than characteristic faster, further to P and N areas Diffusion, further improves the doping content in P and N areas;3rd, this prevents during polysilicon process, polysilicon life Cavity is formed between polysilicon that long inequality is caused and cell wall, the cavity can cause polysilicon bad with the contact of side wall, Affect device performance.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, step (d) includes:
(d1) the p-type groove and the N-type groove are filled using polysilicon;Wherein, the material for filling groove can also For metal, heavily doped polysilicon germanium or heavily doped silicon, preferably polysilicon herein.
(d2) after substrate described in planarizing process, polysilicon layer is formed over the substrate;
(d3) polysilicon layer described in photoetching, and using the method with glue ion implanting to the p-type groove and the N-type ditch Groove position is injected separately into p type impurity and N-type impurity to form the second p-type active area and the second N-type active area and while shape Into p-type contact zone and N-type contact zone;
(d4) photoresist is removed;
(d5) polysilicon layer beyond the p-type contact zone and the N-type contact zone is removed using wet etching.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the holographic annulus (14) by eight sections of isometric SiGe bases etc. from Sub- pin diode arrangements form octagon structure, wherein, the length of side of the octagon and the first antenna arm (2) and Second antenna arm (3) the length sum is identical.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the restructural holographic antenna is also described including being made in The direct current biasing line (5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12) of SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1);The direct current biasing line (5,6,7,8,9, , 10th, 11 12) intermittent is electrically connected to SiGe bases plasma pin diode string (w1, w2, w3, w4, the w5, w6) two ends, And the method using chemical vapor deposition is made on the SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1), its material is that copper, aluminium or process are mixed Any one in miscellaneous polysilicon, wherein, the first antenna arm (2) including solid plasma pin diode string (w1, w2, W3), second antenna arm (3) is including solid plasma pin diode string (w4, w5, w6).
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, it is provided in an embodiment of the present invention to refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 3 A kind of structural representation of SiGe bases plasma pin diodes;Fig. 4 is a kind of SiGe bases plasma provided in an embodiment of the present invention The structural representation of pin diode strings.The SiGe bases plasma pin diodes include P+ areas (27), N+ areas (26) and intrinsic Area (22), and also include the first metal contact zone (23) and the second metal contact zone (24);Wherein, the first metal contact zone (23) the P+ areas (27) and positive voltage are electrically connected, the second metal contact zone (24) is electrically connected the N+ areas (26) and negative voltage, so that correspondence SiGe base plasma pin diode strings two ends be applied in after voltage its all SiGe base etc. from Sub- pin diodes are in forward conduction state.
Provided by the present invention for the SiGe base plasma pin diodes of restructural holographic antenna preparation method possess as Lower advantage:
(1) sige material that pin diodes are used, due to its high mobility and the characteristic of big carrier lifetime, can have Effect improves the solid plasma bulk concentration of pin diodes;
(2) the P areas of pin diodes employ the polysilicon damascene technique of the deep etching based on etching, the technique with N areas Abrupt junction pi can be provided to tie with ni, and pi knots, the junction depth of ni knots can be effectively improved, make the concentration of solid state plasma With the good controllability of realization of distribution;
(3) pin diodes employ a kind of Deep trench isolation technique based on etching, are effectively improved hitting for device Wear voltage, it is suppressed that impact of the leakage current to device performance.
Embodiment two
Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 s are referred to, Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 s are another kind of SiGe bases plasma pin diodes of the embodiment of the present invention Preparation method schematic diagram, on the basis of above-described embodiment one, to prepare channel length, as 22nm, (solid plasma region is long Spend for 100 microns) SiGe base solid plasma pin diodes as a example by be described in detail, comprise the following steps that:
Step 1, backing material preparation process:
(1a) as shown in Figure 5 a, the SiGeOI substrate slices 101 of (100) crystal orientation are chosen, doping type is p-type, doping content For 1014cm-3, the thickness of top layer Si Ge is 50 μm;
(1b) as shown in Figure 5 b, using chemical vapor deposition (Chemical vapor deposition, abbreviation CVD) Method, deposits a SiO of one layer of 40nm thickness on SiGe2Layer 201;
(1c) using the method for chemical vapor deposition, a Si of one layer of 2 μ m thick is deposited on substrate3N4/ SiN layer 202;
Step 2, isolates preparation process:
(2a) as shown in Figure 5 c, isolated area, wet etching isolated area are formed on above-mentioned protective layer by photoetching process One Si3N4/ SiN layer 202, forms isolated area figure;Using dry etching, form wide 5 μm in isolated area, depth be 50 μm it is deep every From groove 301;
(2b) as fig 5d, after photoetching isolated area, using the method for CVD, SiO is deposited2401 by the deep isolation trench Fill up;
(2c) as depicted in fig. 5e, using chemically mechanical polishing (Chemical Mechanical Polishing, abbreviation CMP) method, removes the Si of surface the3N4The SiO of/SiN layer 202 and the2Layer 201, makes substrate surface smooth;
Step 3, P, N area deep trouth preparation process:
(3a) as shown in figure 5f, using CVD method, consecutive deposition prolongs two layer materials on substrate, and ground floor is that 300nm is thick 2nd SiO of degree2Layer 601, the second layer is the 2nd Si of 500nm thickness3N4/ SiN layer 602;
(3b) as shown in fig. 5g, photoetching P, N areas deep trouth, the Si of wet etching P, N areas the 2nd3N4The SiO of/SiN layer 602 and the 2nd2 Layer 601, forms P, N area figure;Using dry etching, form wide 4 μm in P, N area, deep 5 μm deep trouth 701, the length of P, N area groove Degree determines according to the applicable cases in prepared antenna;
(3c) as shown in figure 5h, at 850 DEG C, high-temperature process 10 minutes, oxidation trough inwall forms oxide layer 801, so that P, N area groove inwall is smooth;
(3d) as shown in figure 5i, the oxide layer 801 of P, N area groove inwall is removed using wet-etching technology.
Step 4, P, N contact zone preparation process:
(4a) as shown in figure 5j, photoetching P areas deep trouth, p is carried out using the method with glue ion implanting to P areas groove sidewall+Note Enter, make to form thin p on the wall of side+Active area 1001, concentration reaches 0.5 × 1020cm-3, remove photoresist;
(4b) photoetching N areas deep trouth, n is carried out using the method with glue ion implanting to N areas groove sidewall+Injection, makes on the wall of side Form thin n+Active area 1002, concentration reaches 0.5 × 1020cm-3, remove photoresist;
(4c) as shown in figure 5k, using the method for CVD, the depositing polysilicon 1101 in P, N area groove, and groove is filled up;
(4d) as shown in Fig. 5 l, using CMP, the Si of surface polysilicon 1101 and the 2nd is removed3N4/ SiN layer 602, puts down surface It is whole;
(4e) as shown in figure 5m, using the method for CVD, in one layer of polysilicon 1301 of surface deposition, thickness is 200~ 500nm;
(4f) as shown in figure 5n, photoetching P areas active area, using band glue ion injection method p is carried out+Injection, makes P areas active Area's doping content reaches 0.5 × 1020cm-3, photoresist is removed, form P contacts 1401;
(4g) photoetching N areas active area, using band glue ion injection method n is carried out+Injection, makes N areas active area doping content For 0.5 × 1020cm-3, photoresist is removed, form N contacts 1402;
(4h) as shown in Fig. 5 o, using wet etching, the polysilicon 1301 beyond P, N contact zone is etched away, forms P, N and connect Tactile area;
(4i) as shown in Fig. 5 p, using the method for CVD, in surface deposition SiO21601, thickness is 800nm;
(4j) at 1000 DEG C, anneal 1 minute, make the impurity activation of ion implanting and advance impurity in polysilicon;
Step 5, constitutes PIN diode step:
(5a) as shown in Fig. 5 q, the lithography fair lead 1701 in P, N contact zone;
(5b) as shown in Fig. 5 r, substrate surface splash-proofing sputtering metal forms metal silicide 1801 in 750 DEG C of alloys, and etches Fall the metal on surface;
(5c) substrate surface splash-proofing sputtering metal, photoetching lead;
(5d) as shown in Fig. 5 s, Si is deposited3N4/ SiN forms passivation layer 1901, and photoetching PAD forms PIN diode, as Prepare solid plasma antenna material.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned various technological parameters are illustration, according to the conventional meanses of those skilled in the art The conversion done is the protection domain of the application.
Prepared by the present invention is applied to the pin diodes of solid plasma reconfigurable antenna, first, the SiGe materials for being used Material, due to its high mobility and the characteristic of big carrier lifetime, improves the solid plasma bulk concentration of pin diodes;In addition, The P areas of pin diodes employ the polysilicon damascene technique of the deep etching based on etching with N areas, and the technique can provide prominent Become knot pi and ni to tie, and pi knots, the junction depth of ni knots can be effectively improved, make solid state plasma concentration and distribution can Control property strengthens, and is conducive to preparing high performance plasma antenna;Again, what prepared by the present invention is applied to solid plasma can weigh The pin diodes of structure antenna employ a kind of Deep trench isolation technique based on etching, are effectively improved puncturing for device Voltage, it is suppressed that impact of the leakage current to device performance.
Embodiment three
Fig. 6 is refer to, Fig. 6 shows for the device architecture of another kind of SiGe bases plasma pin diodes of the embodiment of the present invention It is intended to.Plasma pin diodes are made using above-mentioned preparation method as shown in Figure 2, specifically, the poles of plasma pin bis- Pipe prepares formation on SiGeOI substrates 301, and the P areas 305 of pin diodes, N areas 306 and is laterally positioned in the P areas 305 and I areas between the N areas 306 are respectively positioned in top layer Si Ge302 of substrate.Wherein, the pin diodes can using STI deep trouths every From that is, the P areas 305 and the outside of N areas 306 are each provided with an isolation channel 303, and the depth of the isolation channel 303 more than or equal to top The thickness of layer SiGe.In addition, the P areas 305 and the N areas 306 include that a thin layer p-type is active can correspond to respectively along substrate direction Area 307 and a thin layer N-type active area 304.
In sum, specific case used herein is to solid plasma pin diode of the present invention and preparation method thereof Principle and embodiment be set forth, the explanation of above example is only intended to help and understands the method for the present invention and its core Thought is thought;Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the present invention, in specific embodiment and model is applied Place and will change, in sum, this specification content should not be construed as limiting the invention, the protection of the present invention Scope should be defined by appended claim.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of the SiGe base plasma pin diodes for restructural holographic antenna, it is characterised in that described SiGe base plasma pin diodes are used to make restructural holographic antenna, and the restructural holographic antenna includes:SiGeOI partly leads Body substrate (1);First antenna arm (2), the second antenna arm (3), the coaxial feed being produced on the SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1) Line (4) and holographic annulus (14);Wherein, the first antenna arm (2) and second antenna arm (3) are described same including being distributed in Feeder shaft (4) both sides and isometric SiGe base plasma pin diode strings, the holographic annulus (14) is including multiple SiGe bases etc. Ion pin diode strings (w7);The preparation method includes step:
A () chooses the SiGeOI substrates of a certain crystal orientation, on SiGeOI substrates isolated area is arranged;
B () forms the second protective layer in the substrate surface;Using photoetching process formed on second protective layer second every From area's figure;Using dry etch process the specified location of the second isolated area figure etch second protective layer and The substrate is forming p-type groove and N-type groove;
C () forms the first p-type active area using ion implanting in the p-type groove and the N-type groove and the first N-type is active Area;
D () fills the p-type groove and the N-type groove, and formed in top layer Si Ge of the substrate using ion implanting Second p-type active area and the second N-type active area;
E () generates over the substrate silica, using annealing process the impurity in active area is activated, in p-type contact , to form lead, Passivation Treatment and photoetching PAD are forming the plasma pin bis- for area and N-type contact zone lithography fair lead Pole pipe.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that isolated area is set on SiGeOI substrates, including:
(a1) the first protective layer is formed on the SiGe surfaces;
(a2) the first isolated area figure is formed on first protective layer using photoetching process;
(a3) using dry etch process the specified location of the first isolated area figure etch first protective layer and The substrate is to form isolation channel, and the depth of the isolation channel is more than or equal to the thickness of top layer Si Ge of the substrate;
(a4) fill the isolation channel to form the isolated area of the plasma pin diodes.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that first protective layer include the first silicon dioxide layer and First silicon nitride layer;Correspondingly, step (a1) includes:
(a11) in the SiGe Surface Creations silica forming the first silicon dioxide layer;
(a12) in the first silicon dioxide layer Surface Creation silicon nitride forming the first silicon nitride layer.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that second protective layer include the second silicon dioxide layer and Second silicon nitride layer;Correspondingly, it is described to include in the substrate surface the second protective layer of formation:
(b1) in the SiGe Surface Creations silica forming the second silicon dioxide layer;
(b2) in the second silicon dioxide layer Surface Creation silicon nitride forming the second silicon nitride layer.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (c) includes:
(c1) the p-type groove and the N-type groove are aoxidized so that the inwall of the p-type groove and the N-type groove forms oxygen Change layer;
(c2) etch the oxide layer of the p-type groove and the N-type trench wall to complete the p-type using wet-etching technology The planarizing of groove and the N-type trench wall;
(c3) carry out ion implanting to the p-type groove and the N-type groove to form the first p-type active area and described One N-type active area, the first N-type active area is to be less than 1 away from the N-type trenched side-wall and bottom depth along ion dispersal direction The region of micron, the first p-type active area is to be less than 1 away from the p-type trenched side-wall and bottom depth along ion dispersal direction The region of micron.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that step (c3) includes:
(c31) p-type groove described in photoetching and the N-type groove;
(c32) p type impurity and N-type are injected separately into the p-type groove and the N-type groove using the method with glue ion implanting Impurity is forming the first p-type active area and the first N-type active area;
(c33) photoresist is removed.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (d) includes:
(d1) the p-type groove and the N-type groove are filled using polysilicon;
(d2) after substrate described in planarizing process, polysilicon layer is formed over the substrate;
(d3) polysilicon layer described in photoetching, and using the method with glue ion implanting to the p-type groove and the N-type groove institute P type impurity and N-type impurity are injected separately in position to form the second p-type active area and the second N-type active area and while form p-type Contact zone and N-type contact zone;
(d4) photoresist is removed;
(d5) polysilicon layer beyond the p-type contact zone and the N-type contact zone is removed using wet etching.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the holographic annulus (14) is by eight sections of isometric SiGe bases Plasma pin diode arrangements form octagon structure, wherein, the length of side of the octagon and the first antenna arm (2) it is identical with the second antenna arm (3) length sum.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the restructural holographic antenna also includes being made in described The direct current biasing line (5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12) of SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1);The direct current biasing line (5,6,7,8,9, , 10th, 11 12) intermittent is electrically connected to SiGe bases plasma pin diode string (w1, w2, w3, w4, the w5, w6) two ends, And the method using chemical vapor deposition is made on the SiGeOI semiconductor chips (1), its material is that copper, aluminium or process are mixed Any one in miscellaneous polysilicon, wherein, the first antenna arm (2) including solid plasma pin diode string (w1, w2, W3), second antenna arm (3) is including solid plasma pin diode string (w4, w5, w6).
10. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the SiGe bases plasma pin diodes include P+ areas (27), N+ areas (26) and intrinsic region (22), and also include the first metal contact zone (23) and the second metal contact zone (24);Its In, the first metal contact zone (23) is electrically connected the P+ areas (27) and positive voltage, the second metal contact zone (24) the N+ areas (26) and negative voltage are electrically connected, so that correspondence SiGe base plasma pin diode strings two ends are applied in Its all SiGe bases plasma pin diode is in forward conduction state after voltage.
CN201611185622.1A 2016-12-20 2016-12-20 Method for preparing SiGe-based plasma pin diode for reconstructing holographic antennas Pending CN106602215A (en)

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