CN106582286A - Flue gas purifying device and method - Google Patents

Flue gas purifying device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106582286A
CN106582286A CN201710058501.9A CN201710058501A CN106582286A CN 106582286 A CN106582286 A CN 106582286A CN 201710058501 A CN201710058501 A CN 201710058501A CN 106582286 A CN106582286 A CN 106582286A
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China
Prior art keywords
absorbent
flue gas
flue
scr
gas
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CN201710058501.9A
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CN106582286B (en
Inventor
张哲然
王建春
张原�
郭厚焜
林春源
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Fujian Longking Desulphurization & Denitrification Engineering Co Ltd
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Fujian Longking Desulphurization & Denitrification Engineering Co Ltd
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Publication of CN106582286A publication Critical patent/CN106582286A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/8609—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8659—Removing halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2047—Hydrofluoric acid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/10—Catalytic reduction devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a flue gas purifying device which further comprises a first-stage absorbent spraying device, a second-stage absorbent spraying device, an adsorbent cabin and an adsorbent quantitative supply device; the first-stage absorbent spraying device is arranged on an inlet flue of an SCR reactor, and the second-stage absorbent spraying device is arranged on an outlet flue of the SCR reactor. According to the method and device provided by the invention, SO3 in flue gas is controlled in sections and HCl and HF in the flue gas are synchronously removed, and meanwhile, adverse effects such as wear, ash deposition and blockage on an SCR catalyst and air pre-heater by adding a lot of adsorbent in a single stage are avoided, the adsorbent and the flue gas are fully and uniformly mixed, and the adsorbent is prevented from being settled; the utilization ratio of the adsorbent and the removal efficiency of the system are improved.

Description

A kind of smoke eliminator and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of environmental management, more particularly to a kind of smoke eliminator and method.
Background technology
During burning, the element sulphur, chlorine element, fluorine element in coal can convert in flue gas and generate SO to coal2、 HCl and HF.Generally there are about 1% SO2SO can be converted into3, SO3Concentration is of a relatively high；HCl, HF concentration is generally relatively low.Thermal power plant Filed of flue gas purification generally only to SO in flue gas2、NOXAnd the leading indicator pollutant such as dust are processed, and to SO3、 The pollutant such as HCl, HF do not take effective control mode.
The reducing agent NH that SCR reactions are sprayed into3With the SO in flue gas3NH can be generated4HSO4If SCR reaction temperatures are compared with low temperature The lower long-play of degree, can cause NH4HSO4Blocking on a catalyst, affects the removal efficiency and service life of catalyst, and Increase running resistance.SCR catalyst can reduce NOXDischarge, but SCR catalyst contains V2O5Composition, inevitably by flue gas Middle part SO2Conversion SO3(by for 0.5%～1%), with NH3The NH that reaction is generated4HSO4It is attached to air preheater heat exchange element table Face, can cause dust stratification, the blocking of air preheater.SO in flue gas3, HCl, HF condensation after can corrode flue and equipment.SO3It is discharged to big Coloured plume can be formed behind compression ring border.
The Chinese patent of Application No. CN105148709A discloses a kind of flue gas processing method, and the method includes firing coal Burn produce flue gas carry out SCR denitration process and desulfurization process successively, methods described before SCR denitration process is carried out, flue gas Contact with the alkaline solution of spray pattern, by HF, HCl and SO in flue gas3Gas is converted into solid salt；Alkaline absorbent can be with Selected from Na2CO3、NaHCO3With one or more in NaOH.Alkaline solution is injected to cigarette by the method in SCR denitration before processing It is used to remove the SO in flue gas in gas3, HCl and HF；And also will contain Cl-、F-Waste water be injected to SCR denitration device in the lump Before processed, the method alkali liquor consumption is very big.Substantial amounts of alkali liquor is injected in flue gas and is converted into solid salt postadhesion SCR catalysis Agent surface, not only easily causes the blocking of catalyst, and can cause the poisoning of catalyst, affect catalyst removal efficiency and Service life.Therefore, generally using the absorbent feed postition of single-stage, not only absorbent utilization rate is relatively low for prior art, removing Limited efficacy；And certain restriction is easily brought on plant running or is affected.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to provide a kind of smoke eliminator and method, the flue gas that the application is provided is net Makeup is put, and can efficiently remove SO3, HCl and HF, and the blocking of equipment can be prevented, extend the service life of catalyst.
In view of this, this application provides a kind of smoke eliminator, including：SCR reactor inlet flues, SCR reactions Device, SCR reactor outlet flues, air preheater, air preheater exhaust pass；The port of export of boiler is provided with the SCR Reactor inlet flue, the port of export of the SCR reactor inlets flue is provided with the SCR reactors, the SCR reactors The port of export be provided with the SCR reactor outlets flue, the outlet of the SCR reactor outlets flue is provided with the air Preheater, the port of export of the air preheater is provided with the air preheater exhaust pass；Characterized in that, the flue gas Purifier also includes：First order absorbent jetting device, second level absorbent jetting device, absorbent storehouse and absorbent are quantitative Feeding mechanism；
First order absorbent jetting device is provided with the SCR reactor inlets flue；
Second level absorbent jetting device is provided with the SCR reactor outlets flue；
The lower end in the absorbent storehouse is provided with absorbent quantitative supply device；
The port of export of the absorbent quantitative supply device respectively with the first order absorbent jetting device and described The arrival end of two grades of absorbent jetting devices is connected.
Preferably, atomization humidifying device is also included in the smoke eliminator, on the air preheater exhaust pass It is provided with atomization humidifying device.
Preferably, the smoke eliminator also includes water tank, and the port of export of the water tank is provided with water pump, the water pump It is connected with the arrival end of the atomization jetting device.
Preferably, be provided with absorbent suspension gas rest device on the SCR exhaust pass, the suspension gas rest device it is outstanding Floating gas support pore and flue angle are 70～110 °, and the absorbent suspension gas rest device is arranged at the second level absorbent The horizontal flue in jetting device downstream.
Preferably, absorbent suspension gas rest device, the suspension gas support are provided with the air preheater exhaust pass The suspension gas support pore of device and flue angle are 70～110 °.
Preferably, if being provided with the first order absorbent jetting device and the second level absorbent jetting device Dry spray site.
Preferably, flue gas turbulent flow device is additionally provided with the SCR Reactor inlets flue, the flue gas turbulent flow device sets It is placed in the first order absorbent jetting device upstream.
Preferably, the flue gas turbulent flow device is ring type bumpy flow turbulent flow device, and it is by internal ring, outer shroud and middle eddy flow leaf Piece is constituted；The swirl vane is 20～60 ° with the angle of horizontal plane, and the flue gas turbulent flow device is with the angle of flue gas flow direction 60～90 °.
Present invention also provides a kind of flue gas purifying method, comprises the following steps：
The flue gas of generation of burning in boiler is mixed with absorbent, the flue gas of preliminary purification is obtained；
The flue gas of preliminary purification is reacted into SCR reactors, reacted flue gas is obtained；
Reacted flue gas is mixed again with absorbent, then is discharged after heat exchange, obtain the flue gas of deep purifying.
Preferably, also include before discharging after the heat exchange：
Flue gas after heat exchange is carried out into atomization humidification.
Preferably, it is described obtain preliminary purification flue gas the step of in, SO in the absorbent and flue gas3Mol ratio be (1～1.5)：1；It is described obtain deep purifying flue gas the step of in, the middle SO of the absorbent and flue gas3Mol ratio be (1 ～3)：1.
Preferably, it is described obtain preliminary purification flue gas the step of in, the absorbent is with fluidized wind or compressed air Carrier is conveyed；It is described obtain deep purifying flue gas the step of in, the absorbent is with fluidized wind or compressed air to carry Body is conveyed.
Preferably, it is described obtain preliminary purification flue gas the step of in, the absorbent be selected from quick lime, slaked lime, electricity One or more in rock ballast, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and trona；It is described obtain deep purifying flue gas the step of in, institute State one or more of absorbent in quick lime, slaked lime, carbide slag, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and trona.
This application provides a kind of smoke eliminator, it also includes that first order absorbent jetting device, the second level absorb Agent jetting device, is provided with first order absorbent jetting device, the SCR reactors and the air on SCR inlet flue Second level absorbent jetting device is provided between preheater；The application sprays into dress by arranging absorbent before SCR reactors Put, the absorbent of penetrating can the SO that generates of efficient removal boiler combustion3, HCl and HF, it is possible to decrease SCR allow running temperature, improve Adaptability of the device to different operating modes, extends the service life of catalyst；The spray of absorbent jetting device is set after SCR reactors The absorbent for entering can remove newly-generated SO3, prevent the blocking of air preheater, it is ensured that the heat exchange efficiency and fortune of air preheater Row reliability.Further, the application is provided with atomization humidifying device in the air preheater exhaust pass of smoke eliminator, It can in good time be opened according to flue-gas temperature and pollutant levels, further improve removal efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of smoke eliminator of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the bottom view of present absorbent suspension gas rest device；
Fig. 3 is the front view of present absorbent suspension gas rest device；
Fig. 4 is flue gas of the present invention turbulent flow device sketch；
Fig. 5 is position view of the flue gas turbulent flow device of the present invention in flue.
Specific embodiment
For a further understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described with reference to embodiment, but It should be appreciated that these descriptions are simply to further illustrate the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the claims in the present invention Limit.
This application provides a kind of smoke eliminator, it includes：SCR reactor inlets flue 2, flue gas turbulent flow device 3, First order absorbent jetting device 4, SCR reactors 5, SCR reactor outlets flue 6, second level absorbent jetting device 7, suction Receive agent suspension gas rest device 8, air preheater 9, air preheater exhaust pass 10, absorbent storehouse 11, absorbent rationing Device 12, water tank 13 and atomization humidifying device 14, and boiler 1 is the occurring source of flue gas；Specific as shown in Figure 1, the present invention is real Apply example and disclose a kind of smoke eliminator, it includes：
SCR reactor inlet flues, SCR reactors, SCR reactor outlet flues, air preheater, air preheater go out Mouth flue；The port of export of boiler is provided with the SCR reactor inlets flue, the port of export of the SCR reactor inlets flue The SCR reactors are provided with, the port of export of the SCR reactors is provided with the SCR reactor outlets flue, the SCR The outlet of reactor outlet flue is provided with the air preheater, and the port of export of the air preheater is provided with the air Preheater exhaust pass；The smoke eliminator also includes：First order absorbent jetting device, second level absorbent spray into dress Put, absorbent storehouse and absorbent quantitative supply device；
First order absorbent jetting device is provided with the SCR reactor inlets flue；
Second level absorbent jetting device is provided with the SCR reactor outlets flue；
The lower end in the absorbent storehouse is provided with absorbent quantitative supply device；
The port of export of the absorbent quantitative supply device respectively with the first order absorbent jetting device and described The arrival end of two grades of absorbent jetting devices is connected.
The application is respectively provided with the spray of first order absorbent in SCR Reactor inlets flue and SCR reactor outlet flues Enter device and second level absorbent jetting device, add absorbent segmentation, for removing flue gas in SO3, HCl, HF, so as to Improve the adaptability for working condition of SCR denitration device, it is ensured that the denitration efficiency and service life of catalyst, it is to avoid air preheat Device fouling and clogging, reduces the corrosion risk of flue and equipment, eliminates because of SO3The coloured plume for being formed.
According to the present invention, the SCR reactor inlet flues in the smoke eliminator, SCR reactors, SCR reactors Exhaust pass, air preheater and air preheater exhaust pass are the conventional setting of those skilled in the art, and the application does not have There is special restriction；Specifically, the port of export of the boiler is provided with the SCR reactor inlets flue, the SCR reactors The port of export of gas approach is provided with the SCR reactors, and the port of export of the SCR reactors is provided with the SCR reactors Exhaust pass, the outlet of the SCR reactor outlets flue is provided with the air preheater, the outlet of the air preheater End is provided with the air preheater exhaust pass.
Also include that first order absorbent jetting device, second level absorbent spray into dress in herein described smoke eliminator Put, absorbent storehouse and absorbent quantitative supply device；Wherein first order absorbent jetting device sprays into dress with second level absorbent Put and be respectively arranged at SCR reactor inlets flue and SCR reactor outlet flues, the absorbent rationing of absorbent storehouse lower end The outlet of device is connected respectively with first order absorbent jetting device with the entrance of second level absorbent jetting device.
In the industrial production, the flue gas that boiler combustion is produced enters SCR reactors, SCR by SCR reactor inlets flue First order absorbent jetting device is provided with gas approach, it is preferably by fluidized wind or compressed air to first order absorbent Jetting device conveys absorbent, the absorbent being sparged into and the smoke reaction for entering SCR inlet flue, completes original in flue gas SO3Efficient removal, and preliminary purification is carried out to pollutant such as HCl, the HF in flue gas.For the absorbent that is sparged into and flue gas It is sufficiently mixed, the first order absorbent jetting device is made up of multiple spray sites.From the flow direction of flue gas, described The upstream of first order absorption agent jetting device is provided with flue gas turbulent flow device, to be further ensured that absorbent is fully mixed with flue gas Close.The flue gas turbulent flow device is ring type bumpy flow turbulent flow device, and it is made up of internal ring, outer shroud and middle swirl vane；It is described Swirl vane is 20～60 ° with the angle of horizontal plane, and the flue gas turbulent flow device is 60～90 ° with the angle of flue gas flow direction.Institute The structure diagram for stating flue gas turbulent flow device is concrete as shown in figs. 4 and 5.In flue gas turbulent flow device, absorbent sprays into eddy flow leaf Piece and the eddy flow area of ring connection region rear end, by flue gas cyclonic action, strengthen absorbent and are sufficiently mixed with flue gas, while Outer zone, then be sufficiently mixed by vortex ring air-flow and flue gas, it is achieved thereby that flue gas and absorbent are sufficiently mixed.
Flue gas after the preliminary purification of first order absorbent jetting device in SCR reactor inlet flues enters SCR In reactor, with its interior SCR catalyst reaction for loading, reacted flue gas enters SCR reactor outlet flues, exhaust pass The second level absorbent jetting device of upper setting, is preferably acted on to second level absorbent by fluidized wind or compressed air and sprays into dress Middle conveying absorbent is put, same second level absorbent jetting device is provided with multiple spray sites, it is ensured that the absorbent and cigarette of penetrating Gas is sufficiently mixed, to SO in flue gas3, HCl, HF purified again.In order to prevent absorbent from settling, absorbent is improved The removal efficiency of utilization rate and system, the downstream horizontal flue of the second level absorbent jetting device is provided with absorbent suspension Gas rest device, its multistage is arranged；From the flow direction of flue gas, the suspension gas support pore and cigarette of the absorbent suspension gas rest device Road angle is 70～110 °.Fluidized wind or compressed air are sprayed in flue by distribution header Jing suspension gas supports pore.The suction Receive agent suspension gas rest device concrete as shown in Figure 2,3, Fig. 2, in 3 15 be walling of flue, 16 be suspension gas support pore, 17 be distribution connection Case.
Flue gas after last purification again flows out after air preheater heat exchange from air preheater exhaust pass, obtains The flue gas of deep purifying, flue gas now can enter the gas cleaning units such as desulfurization, the dedusting of rear end.In order to further improve Removal efficiency, the smoke eliminator also includes atomization humidifying device, and on the air preheater exhaust pass mist is provided with Change humidifying device.In order to prevent the sedimentation of absorbent, absorbent suspension gas support is provided with the air preheater exhaust pass Device, suspension gas support pore and the flue angle of the suspension gas rest device are 70～110 °.The absorbent suspension gas support As long as put being arranged on the air preheater exhaust pass, can be arranged at the upstream of atomization humidifying device can also set The downstream of atomization humidifying device is placed in, this application is not particularly limited.SCR exit gas temperatures about 300 DEG C～ Between 400 DEG C, under higher temperature conditionss, SO3There is larger reaction activity, SO with absorbent reaction3, HCl and HF with Absorbent is gas-solid reaction, with higher removal efficiency.Air preheater exit gas temperature reacts generally below 150 DEG C Activation energy is relatively low, and removal efficiency is low, and by being atomized humidification, absorbent surface can form liquid film, SO3, HCl and HF dissolve in liquid Film, SO3, HCl and HF and absorbent reaction liquid-solid reaction is changed into by gas-solid reaction, removal efficiency can be improved.In different temperatures Under the conditions of react that removal mechanism is different, atomization humidification is mainly arranged under the conditions of air preheater low exit temperature can improve removing effect Rate, under the high temperature conditions without the need for atomization humidification.
SO3Generation is mainly derived from two aspects：A) coal is converted in Boiler Furnace combustion process, this part SO3Entering It is present in before SCR reactors in flue gas, first order absorbent penetrating point is set in SCR inlet flue and mainly removes this part SO3；B) flue gas is by SCR reactors, because being mounted with SCR catalyst in SCR reactors, V in SCR catalyst2O5Into branch by cigarette Part SO in gas2It is converted into SO3, second level absorbent penetrating point is set in SCR exhaust pass and is remained for the first order reaction of removing Remaining SO3And Jing after SCR reactors newly-generated SO3, it is ensured that SO3, the total removal efficiency of HCl, HF.
Second level absorbent jetting device is arranged at SCR reactor outlet flues by the application, and is not directly arranged at It is to reduce spraying into absorbent consumption before into SCR reactors after first order absorption agent jetting device, only removing is anti-into SCR Answer before device major part SO in flue gas3.Reduction penetrating absorbent is possible to cause abrasion to catalyst, blocks equivalent risk；This Outward, absorbent is mainly attached to catalyst surface using calcio or sodio absorbent, a large amount of calcio or sodio composition, can cause to urge Agent produces " poisoning ".Absorbent adding apparatus subsection setup before SCR reactors and after reactor respectively, it is ensured that catalyst Removal efficiency, extend catalyst service life.
This application provides smoke eliminator, not only effectively improves system to SO3, HCl, HF removal efficiency, keep away Exempt to cause NH4HSO4The adverse effects such as dust stratification, blocking are produced to SCR catalyst and air preheater, and reduces SCR and urged The absorbent consumption added before agent, it is to avoid the absorbent of substantial amounts of calcio and sodio adds the poisoning for causing catalyst and blocks up Plug.
Present invention also offers the method for carrying out gas cleaning using the smoke eliminator, comprises the following steps：
The flue gas of generation of burning in boiler is mixed with absorbent, the flue gas of preliminary purification is obtained；
The flue gas of preliminary purification is reacted into SCR reactors, reacted flue gas is obtained；
Reacted flue gas is mixed again with absorbent, then is discharged after heat exchange, obtain the flue gas of deep purifying.
In above process, in the step of flue gas of the preliminary purification, the absorbent selected from quick lime, slaked lime, One or more in carbide slag, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and trona；The absorbent and SO in flue gas3Mol ratio be (1～1.5)：1, mol ratio is too small, SO3Removal efficiency is limited, and mol ratio is excessive, can bring adverse effect to catalyst.It is described In the step of obtaining the flue gas of deep purifying, the absorbent is selected from quick lime, slaked lime, carbide slag, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate With one or more in trona；The middle SO of the absorbent and flue gas3Mol ratio be (1～3)：1, mol ratio crosses conference The waste of absorbent is caused, and increases air preheater with the abrasion of flue and the risk of dust stratification.Urging in the SCR reactors Agent is catalyst well known to those skilled in the art, is not particularly limited herein.
For a further understanding of the present invention, the smoke eliminator that the present invention is provided is entered with method with reference to embodiment Row is described in detail, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of smoke eliminator, it includes：SCR inlet flue 2；Flue gas turbulent flow device 3；First order absorbent sprays into dress Put 4；SCR reactors 5；SCR exhaust pass 6；Second level absorbent jetting device 7；Absorbent suspension gas rest device 8；Air is pre- Hot device 9；Air preheater exhaust pass 10；Absorbent storehouse 11；Absorbent quantitative supply device 12；Water tank 13；Atomization humidification dress Put 14；
The port of export of boiler 1 is provided with SCR inlet flue 2, and the port of export of SCR inlet flue 2 is provided with SCR reactors 5, Flue gas turbulent flow device 3 and first order absorbent jetting device 4 are disposed with SCR inlet flue 2, the SCR reactors 5 The port of export is provided with the air preheater 9, and between the SCR reactors 5 and the air preheater 9 second is disposed with Level absorbent jetting device 7 and absorbent suspension gas rest device 8, the port of export of air preheater 9 is provided with air preheater and goes out Mouth flue 10, is disposed with absorbent suspension gas rest device 8 and atomization humidifying device 14 on air preheater exhaust pass 10, Absorption that first order absorbent jetting device 4 is arranged with second level absorbent jetting device 7 with the lower end of absorbent storehouse 11 and fixed Amount device 12 is connected, and atomization humidifying device 14 is connected with the outlet of water tank 13.The smoke eliminator of the present embodiment such as Fig. 1 institutes Show.
Embodiment 2
Certain fire coal boiler fume amount is 830000m3/ h, absorbent jetting device and atomization humidifying device are not opened.It is empty Air preheater exhaust pass original flue gas SO2Concentration is 5700mg/Nm3, SO3Concentration is 105.4mg/Nm3, HCl concentration is 18.8mg/Nm3, HF concentration is 2.2mg/Nm3。
Be applied to the smoke eliminator of embodiment 1, the flue gas of generation of burning in boiler pass sequentially through SCR inlet flue, SCR reactors, SCR exhaust pass, air preheater and air preheater exhaust pass.First order absorbent jetting device and Two grades of absorbent jetting devices are opened, and into flue sodium carbonate is sprayed into；SO in flue gas after the purification of air preheater exhaust pass3It is dense Spend for 7.6mg/Nm3, removal efficiency is 92.8%；HCl concentration is 3.3mg/Nm3, removal efficiency is 82.4%；HF concentration is 0.6mg/Nm3, removal efficiency is 72.7%.
Embodiment 3
The smoke eliminator of embodiment 1 is applied to, certain fire coal boiler fume amount is 520000m3/ h, absorbent sprays into dress Put and be atomized humidifying device not opening.Air preheater exhaust pass original flue gas SO2Concentration is 4200mg/Nm3, SO3Concentration is 61.3mg/Nm3, HCl concentration is 9.5mg/Nm3, HF concentration is 3.7mg/Nm3。
The flue gas of generation of burning in boiler passes sequentially through SCR inlet flue, SCR reactors, SCR exhaust pass air preheats Device and air preheater exhaust pass.First order absorbent jetting device and second level absorbent jetting device are opened, and to Slaked lime is sprayed in flue, while opening air preheater exhaust pass humidifying device, will be sprayed in flue after technique water atomization. SO in flue gas after humidification purification3Concentration is 3.8mg/Nm3, removal efficiency is 93.8%；HCl concentration is 0.8mg/Nm3, removing effect Rate is 91.6%；HF concentration is 0.5mg/Nm3, removal efficiency is 86.5%
Embodiment 4
It is same device with example 2, exhaust gas volumn is 480000Nm3/ h, air preheater exhaust pass original flue gas SO2Concentration For 3900mg/Nm3, SO3Concentration is 58.6mg/Nm3, HCl concentration is 8.9mg/Nm3, HF concentration is 3.6mg/Nm3。
Burning in boiler, to pass sequentially through SCR inlet flue, SCR reactors, SCR exhaust pass, air pre- for the flue gas of generation Hot device and air preheater exhaust pass.First order absorbent jetting device and second level absorbent jetting device are opened, to Sodium carbonate is sprayed in flue；Air preheater exhaust pass humidifying device is opened simultaneously, will be sprayed in flue after technique water atomization. SO in flue gas after humidification purification3Concentration is 2.5mg/Nm3, removal efficiency 95.7%；HCl concentration is 0.6mg/Nm3, removal efficiency For 93.3%；HF concentration is 0.4mg/Nm3, removal efficiency is 88.9%.
The explanation of above example is only intended to help and understands the method for the present invention and its core concept.It should be pointed out that right For those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, the present invention can also be carried out Some improvement and modification, these are improved and modification is also fallen in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one The most wide scope for causing.

Claims (13)

1. a kind of smoke eliminator, including：SCR reactor inlet flues, SCR reactors, SCR reactor outlet flues, sky Air preheater, air preheater exhaust pass；The port of export of boiler is provided with the SCR reactor inlets flue, and the SCR is anti- The port of export for answering device gas approach is provided with the SCR reactors, and it is anti-that the port of export of the SCR reactors is provided with the SCR The outlet for answering device exhaust pass, the SCR reactor outlets flue is provided with the air preheater, the air preheater The port of export is provided with the air preheater exhaust pass；Characterized in that, the smoke eliminator also includes：The first order is inhaled Receive agent jetting device, second level absorbent jetting device, absorbent storehouse and absorbent quantitative supply device；
First order absorbent jetting device is provided with the SCR reactor inlets flue；
Second level absorbent jetting device is provided with the SCR reactor outlets flue；
The lower end in the absorbent storehouse is provided with absorbent quantitative supply device；
The port of export of the absorbent quantitative supply device respectively with the first order absorbent jetting device and the second level The arrival end of absorbent jetting device is connected.
2. smoke eliminator according to claim 1, its feature in the smoke eliminator in also including that atomization increases Wet device, on the air preheater exhaust pass atomization humidifying device is provided with.
3. smoke eliminator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the smoke eliminator also includes water tank, The port of export of the water tank is provided with water pump, and the water pump is connected with the arrival end of the atomization jetting device.
4. smoke eliminator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with absorption on the SCR exhaust pass Agent suspension gas rest device, suspension gas support pore and the flue angle of the suspension gas rest device are 70～110 °, and the absorption Agent suspension gas rest device is arranged at the horizontal flue in the second level absorbent jetting device downstream.
5. smoke eliminator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that arrange on the air preheater exhaust pass There is absorbent suspension gas rest device, suspension gas support pore and the flue angle of the suspension gas rest device are 70～110 °.
6. smoke eliminator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the first order absorbent jetting device Several spray sites are provided with the second level absorbent jetting device.
7. smoke eliminator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that on the SCR Reactor inlets flue also Flue gas turbulent flow device is provided with, the flue gas turbulent flow device is arranged at the first order absorbent jetting device upstream.
8. smoke eliminator according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the flue gas turbulent flow device is ring type bumpy flow Turbulent device, it is made up of internal ring, outer shroud and middle swirl vane；The swirl vane is 20～60 ° with the angle of horizontal plane, The flue gas turbulent flow device is 60～90 ° with the angle of flue gas flow direction.
9. a kind of flue gas purifying method, comprises the following steps：
The flue gas of generation of burning in boiler is mixed with absorbent, the flue gas of preliminary purification is obtained；
The flue gas of preliminary purification is reacted into SCR reactors, reacted flue gas is obtained；
Reacted flue gas is mixed again with absorbent, then is discharged after heat exchange, obtain the flue gas of deep purifying.
10. flue gas purifying method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that also include before discharging after the heat exchange：
Flue gas after heat exchange is carried out into atomization humidification.
11. flue gas purifying methods according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the step of the flue gas for obtaining preliminary purification In rapid, SO in the absorbent and flue gas3Mol ratio be (1～1.5)：1；It is described obtain deep purifying flue gas the step of In, the middle SO of the absorbent and flue gas3Mol ratio be (1～3)：1.
12. flue gas purifying methods according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the step of the flue gas for obtaining preliminary purification In rapid, the absorbent is conveyed with fluidized wind or compressed air as carrier；It is described obtain deep purifying flue gas the step of In, the absorbent is conveyed with fluidized wind or compressed air as carrier.
13. flue gas purifying methods according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the step of the flue gas for obtaining preliminary purification In rapid, the one kind or many of the absorbent in quick lime, slaked lime, carbide slag, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and trona Kind；It is described obtain deep purifying flue gas the step of in, the absorbent selected from quick lime, slaked lime, carbide slag, sodium carbonate, One or more in sodium bicarbonate and trona.
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