CN111503637A - Process and device for pyrolyzing household garbage by low-nitrogen combustion - Google Patents
Process and device for pyrolyzing household garbage by low-nitrogen combustion Download PDFInfo
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- CN111503637A CN111503637A CN201910659774.8A CN201910659774A CN111503637A CN 111503637 A CN111503637 A CN 111503637A CN 201910659774 A CN201910659774 A CN 201910659774A CN 111503637 A CN111503637 A CN 111503637A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process and a device for pyrolyzing household garbage by low-nitrogen combustion, which comprises a low-nitrogen combustor, a cracking furnace, a flue gas purification device, a device feed port and a discharge port, wherein the device feed port is connected with the low-nitrogen combustor through a pipeline. The invention is mainly used for treating household garbage and medical garbage, the combustion reaction is promoted by low-nitrogen combustion, the generation of local high temperature is prevented, the flame has uniform and low temperature level, meanwhile, the strong mixing can also reduce the excess air, and the complete combustion can be realized under the condition of low excess air coefficient. The method can prevent dioxin-like substances from being generated during garbage pyrolysis, has low treatment cost and low investment, has strong adaptability, and leads the garbage to be introduced into low-nitrogen combustion at 250-280 ℃ for pyrolysis to obtain garbage gas phase and garbage solid phase without dioxin; and (3) leading out the gas phase of the garbage to obtain ash and combustible smoke without dioxin, collecting the ash for harmless solid sealing and utilization, performing harmless standard treatment and emission, and having a certain use prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis of household garbage, in particular to a process and a device for low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis of household garbage.
Background
The conventional biochemical garbage treatment method is high-temperature pyrolysis treatment, dioxin toxic substances can be generated at the temperature in the high-temperature pyrolysis, the generation temperature of the dioxin is 900 ℃, if a low-nitrogen combustion household garbage pyrolysis mode is adopted, the pyrolysis temperature is 200 ℃, the household garbage can be effectively treated, and the generation of the toxic substances, namely the dioxin, can be prevented, so that a process and a device for low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis of the household garbage are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a process and a device for pyrolyzing household garbage by low-nitrogen combustion, which can effectively treat the household garbage and prevent the generation of toxic substance dioxin.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a process and a device for pyrolyzing household garbage by low-nitrogen combustion comprise a low-nitrogen burner, a cracking furnace, a flue gas purification device, a device feed port and a discharge port, wherein the device feed port is connected with the low-nitrogen burner through a pipeline, the low-nitrogen burner is connected with the cracking furnace through a pipeline, the cracking furnace is connected with the flue gas purification device through a pipeline, and the flue gas purification device is connected with the discharge port through a pipeline.
Preferably, one side of low-nitrogen combustor is provided with the combustor, the lower extreme of low-nitrogen combustor is provided with the air inlet, one side of low-nitrogen combustor is provided with the furnace chamber, the front end of combustor is provided with flue gas pipeline, the upper end of furnace chamber is provided with the chimney.
Preferably, the inside of pyrolysis furnace is provided with pyrolysis furnace convection chamber and pyrolysis furnace radiation chamber, pyrolysis furnace radiation chamber is located pyrolysis furnace convection chamber's upper end, one side of pyrolysis furnace radiation chamber is provided with the quench boiler, one side of quench boiler is provided with the steam pocket, one side of steam pocket is provided with the quench chamber, one side of quench chamber is provided with fractionating tower and No. two fractionating towers, fractionating tower is located one side of No. two fractionating towers.
Preferably, a purification device shell is arranged on the outer surface of the flue gas purification device, an SCR inlet flue is arranged at the lower end of the purification device shell, a flue gas turbulence device, an SCR reactor and an absorbent suspension gas supporting device are arranged inside the purification device shell, an absorbent bin is arranged at the upper end of the purification device shell, an absorbent quantitative supply device is arranged between the absorbent bin and the purification device shell, an air preheater is arranged on one side of the SCR inlet flue, a first-stage absorbent injection device and a second-stage absorbent injection device are arranged on one side of the purification device shell, and an air preheater outlet flue is arranged at one end of the flue gas purification device.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting garbage materials into the integral device through a feeding port of the device, and feeding the materials into the low-nitrogen combustor through a pipeline;
(2) introducing low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis at 250-280 ℃ into the low-nitrogen combustor to obtain a dioxin-free garbage gas phase and a garbage solid phase;
(3) the solid phase of the garbage is discharged from a discharge port through a pipeline, and the gaseous phase of the garbage is subjected to cracking operation through a cracking furnace;
(4) leading out solid garbage gas phase of the garbage in the step (3) to obtain ash, collecting the ash for harmless solid sealing utilization, performing harmless standard treatment and discharging, and feeding the cracked garbage gas phase into a flue gas purification device through a pipeline;
(5) the flue gas purification device is used for purifying the discharged garbage gas;
(6) and finally, discharging the treated gas through a pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is mainly used for treating household garbage and medical garbage, the combustion reaction is promoted by low-nitrogen combustion, the generation of local high temperature is prevented, the flame has uniform and low temperature level, meanwhile, the excessive air can be reduced by strong mixing, and the complete combustion can be realized under the condition of low excessive air coefficient. The method can prevent dioxin-like substances from being generated during garbage pyrolysis, has low treatment cost and low investment, has strong adaptability, and leads the garbage to be introduced into low-nitrogen combustion at 250-280 ℃ for pyrolysis to obtain garbage gas phase and garbage solid phase without dioxin; and (3) leading out the gas phase of the garbage to obtain ash and combustible smoke without dioxin, collecting the ash for harmless solid sealing utilization, and performing harmless standard treatment and discharge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the working principle of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the low-nitrogen burner of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cracking furnace of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the specific structure of the flue gas purification device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a low-nitrogen burner; 101. a burner; 102. an air inlet; 103. a furnace chamber; 104. a flue gas duct; 105. a chimney; 2. a cracking furnace; 201. a pyrolysis furnace convection chamber; 202. a pyrolysis furnace radiant chamber; 203. a quench boiler; 204. a steam drum; 205. a quenching chamber; 206. a first fractionation column; 207. a second fractionation column; 3. a flue gas purification device; 301. a purification device housing; 302. an SCR inlet flue; 303. A flue gas turbulence device; 304. a first stage absorbent injection means; 305. an SCR reactor; 306. an SCR outlet flue; 307. a second stage absorbent injection means; 308. an absorbent suspension gas-bearing device; 309. An air preheater; 3010. an air preheater outlet flue; 3011. an absorbent bin; 3012. absorbent dosing means; 4. a feeding port of the device; 5. discharge port
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a low nitrogen burning pyrolysis domestic waste's technology and device, includes low nitrogen combustor 1, pyrolysis furnace 2, gas cleaning device 3, device dog-house 4 and discharge gate 5, passes through the pipe connection between device dog-house 4 and the low nitrogen combustor 1, passes through the pipe connection between low nitrogen combustor 1 and the pyrolysis furnace 2, passes through the pipe connection between pyrolysis furnace 2 and the gas cleaning device 3, passes through the pipe connection between gas cleaning device 3 and the discharge gate 5.
The internal structure of the low-nitrogen burner 1 is shown, in the embodiment, a burner 101 is arranged on one side of the low-nitrogen burner 1, an air inlet 102 is arranged at the lower end of the low-nitrogen burner 1, a furnace chamber 103 is arranged on one side of the low-nitrogen burner 1, a flue gas pipeline 104 is arranged at the front end of the burner 101, and a chimney 105 is arranged at the upper end of the furnace chamber 103.
The internal structure of the cracking furnace 2 is described, in this embodiment, the cracking furnace 2 is provided with a cracking furnace convection chamber 201 and a cracking furnace radiation chamber 202 inside, the cracking furnace radiation chamber 202 is located at the upper end of the cracking furnace convection chamber 201, one side of the cracking furnace radiation chamber 202 is provided with a quenching boiler 203, one side of the quenching boiler 203 is provided with a steam pocket 204, one side of the steam pocket 204 is provided with a quenching chamber 205, one side of the quenching chamber 205 is provided with a first fractionating tower 206 and a second fractionating tower 207, and the first fractionating tower 206 is located at one side of the second fractionating tower 207.
The internal structure of the flue gas purification device 3 is described, in this embodiment, the outer surface of the flue gas purification device 3 is provided with a purification device housing 301, the lower end of the purification device housing 301 is provided with an SCR inlet flue 302, the inside of the purification device housing 301 is provided with a flue gas turbulence device 303, an SCR reactor 305, and an absorbent suspension gas holder device 308, the upper end of the purification device housing 301 is provided with an absorbent bin 3011, an absorbent quantitative supply device 3012 is arranged between the absorbent bin 3011 and the purification device housing 301, one side of the SCR inlet flue 302 is provided with an air preheater 309, one side of the purification device housing 301 is provided with a first-stage absorbent injection device 304 and a second-stage absorbent injection device 307, and one end of the flue gas purification device 3 is provided with an air preheater outlet flue 3010.
The process for pyrolyzing the household garbage by low-nitrogen combustion is expressed, and in the embodiment, the process comprises the following steps:
(1) putting garbage materials into the integral device through a feeding port of the device, and feeding the materials into the low-nitrogen combustor through a pipeline;
(2) introducing low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis at 250-280 ℃ into the low-nitrogen combustor to obtain a dioxin-free garbage gas phase and a garbage solid phase;
(3) the solid phase of the garbage is discharged from a discharge port through a pipeline, and the gaseous phase of the garbage is subjected to cracking operation through a cracking furnace;
(4) leading out solid garbage gas phase of the garbage in the step (3) to obtain ash, collecting the ash for harmless solid sealing utilization, performing harmless standard treatment and discharging, and feeding the cracked garbage gas phase into a flue gas purification device through a pipeline;
(5) the flue gas purification device is used for purifying the discharged garbage gas;
(6) and finally, discharging the treated gas through a pipeline.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: the invention mainly comprises a low-nitrogen burner 1, a cracking furnace 2, a flue gas purification device 3, a device feed port 4 and a discharge port 5, wherein the low-nitrogen burner 1 comprises a burner 101, an air inlet 102, a furnace chamber 103, a flue gas pipeline 104 and a chimney 105, the cracking furnace 2 comprises a cracking furnace convection chamber 201, a cracking furnace radiation chamber 202, a quenching boiler 203, a steam pocket 204, a quenching chamber 205, a first fractionating tower 206 and a second fractionating tower 207, the flue gas purification device 3 comprises a purification device shell 301, an SCR inlet flue 302, a flue gas turbulence device 303, a first-stage absorbent injection device 304, an SCR reactor 305, an SCR outlet flue 306, a second-stage absorbent injection device 307, an absorbent suspension gas supporting device 308, an air preheater 309, an air preheater outlet flue 3010, an absorbent bin 3011 and an absorbent quantitative supply device 3012, garbage materials are put into the whole device through the device feed port 4, the material enters the low-nitrogen combustor 1 through a pipeline; introducing low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis at 250-280 ℃ into the low-nitrogen combustor 1 to obtain a dioxin-free garbage gas phase and a garbage solid phase; the solid phase of the garbage is discharged from a discharge port 5 through a pipeline, and the gas phase of the garbage is subjected to cracking operation through a cracking furnace 2; leading out the solid-phase garbage gas phase of the medium garbage to obtain ash, collecting the ash for harmless solid sealing utilization, performing harmless standard treatment and discharging, and leading the gas phase of the cracked garbage into a flue gas purification device 4 through a pipeline; the flue gas purification device 4 performs purification operation on the discharged garbage gas; finally, the treated gas is discharged through a pipeline, the invention is mainly used for treating household garbage and medical garbage, low-nitrogen combustion promotes combustion reaction, the generation of local high temperature is prevented, the flame has uniform and low temperature level, meanwhile, the strong mixing can reduce the excess air, complete combustion can be realized under low excess air coefficient, dioxin-like substances can be prevented from being generated during garbage pyrolysis, the treatment cost is low, the investment is low, the adaptability is strong, and the garbage is introduced into 250-280 ℃ for low-nitrogen combustion for pyrolysis to obtain garbage gas phase and garbage solid phase without dioxin; and (3) leading out the gas phase of the garbage to obtain ash and combustible smoke without dioxin, collecting the ash for harmless solid sealing and utilization, and performing harmless standard treatment and emission, thereby having a certain use prospect.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a device of low nitrogen burning pyrolysis domestic waste, includes low nitrogen combustor (1), pyrolysis furnace (2), gas cleaning device (3), device dog-house (4) and discharge gate (5), its characterized in that: the device is characterized in that a feeding port (4) is connected with a low-nitrogen combustor (1) through a pipeline, the low-nitrogen combustor (1) is connected with a cracking furnace (2) through a pipeline, the cracking furnace (2) is connected with a flue gas purification device (3) through a pipeline, and the flue gas purification device (3) is connected with a discharge port (5) through a pipeline.
2. The apparatus for low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis of household garbage according to claim 1, wherein: one side of low-nitrogen combustor (1) is provided with combustor (101), the lower extreme of low-nitrogen combustor (1) is provided with air inlet (102), one side of low-nitrogen combustor (1) is provided with furnace chamber (103), the front end of combustor (101) is provided with flue gas pipeline (104), the upper end of furnace chamber (103) is provided with chimney (105).
3. The apparatus for low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis of household garbage according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of pyrolysis furnace (2) is provided with pyrolysis furnace convection chamber (201) and pyrolysis furnace radiation chamber (202), pyrolysis furnace radiation chamber (202) is located the upper end of pyrolysis furnace convection chamber (201), one side of pyrolysis furnace radiation chamber (202) is provided with quench boiler (203), one side of quench boiler (203) is provided with steam pocket (204), one side of steam pocket (204) is provided with quench chamber (205), one side of quench chamber (205) is provided with fractionating tower (206) and No. two fractionating towers (207), fractionating tower (206) is located one side of No. two fractionating towers (207).
4. The apparatus for low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis of household garbage according to claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the flue gas purification device (3) is provided with a purification device shell (301), the lower end of the purification device shell (301) is provided with an SCR inlet flue (302), the interior of the purifying device shell (301) is provided with a flue gas turbulence device (303), an SCR reactor (305) and an absorbent suspension gas supporting device (308), an absorbent bin (3011) is arranged at the upper end of the purifying device shell (301), an absorbent quantitative supply device (3012) is arranged between the absorbent bin (3011) and the purifying device shell (301), an air preheater (309) is arranged on one side of the SCR inlet flue (302), a first-stage absorbent injection device (304) and a second-stage absorbent injection device (307) are arranged on one side of the purification device shell (301), and an outlet flue (3010) of the air preheater is arranged at one end of the flue gas purification device (3).
5. The process for low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis of household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting garbage materials into the integral device through a feeding port of the device, and feeding the materials into the low-nitrogen combustor through a pipeline;
(2) introducing low-nitrogen combustion pyrolysis at 250-280 ℃ into the low-nitrogen combustor to obtain a dioxin-free garbage gas phase and a garbage solid phase;
(3) the solid phase of the garbage is discharged from a discharge port through a pipeline, and the gaseous phase of the garbage is subjected to cracking operation through a cracking furnace;
(4) leading out solid garbage gas phase of the garbage in the step (3) to obtain ash, collecting the ash for harmless solid sealing utilization, performing harmless standard treatment and discharging, and feeding the cracked garbage gas phase into a flue gas purification device through a pipeline;
(5) the flue gas purification device is used for purifying the discharged garbage gas;
(6) and finally, discharging the treated gas through a pipeline.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115197750A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-10-18 | 盛宏至 | Multistage gasification method for urban domestic garbage and biomass with ultralow dioxin emission and reaction furnace matched with same |
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CN104232144A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-12-24 | 陕西科技大学 | Method and equipment for preparing alpha-olefin by using paraffin Ji lightening method |
CN105805757A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 湖南金卫环保设备科技有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly efficient pyrolysis device for garbage |
CN106582286A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-04-26 | 福建龙净脱硫脱硝工程有限公司 | Flue gas purifying device and method |
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2019
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104232144A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-12-24 | 陕西科技大学 | Method and equipment for preparing alpha-olefin by using paraffin Ji lightening method |
CN105805757A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 湖南金卫环保设备科技有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly efficient pyrolysis device for garbage |
CN106582286A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-04-26 | 福建龙净脱硫脱硝工程有限公司 | Flue gas purifying device and method |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115197750A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-10-18 | 盛宏至 | Multistage gasification method for urban domestic garbage and biomass with ultralow dioxin emission and reaction furnace matched with same |
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