CN108636098A - A kind of the minimum discharge purifier and its method of burning city domestic garbage flue gas - Google Patents

A kind of the minimum discharge purifier and its method of burning city domestic garbage flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108636098A
CN108636098A CN201711437088.3A CN201711437088A CN108636098A CN 108636098 A CN108636098 A CN 108636098A CN 201711437088 A CN201711437088 A CN 201711437088A CN 108636098 A CN108636098 A CN 108636098A
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flue gas
ggh
flue
gas
tower
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焦学军
白力
刘焕联
冯淋淋
章文锋
劳云枫
刘露
孙中涛
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Shanghai SUS Environment Co Ltd
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Shanghai SUS Environment Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/565—Nitrogen oxides by treating the gases with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/40—Acidic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D53/70—Organic halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
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    • B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of minimum discharge purifier of burning city domestic garbage flue gas, which includes smoke reflux device, SNCR denitration device, semidry method reaction tower, lime white prepares and atomization jetting device, activated carbon and calcium hydroxide dry powder injection apparatus, sack cleaner, wet type extracting tower, 1# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit, 2# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit (2#GGH), steam/flue gas heat-exchange unit (SGH), SCR denitration device, air-introduced machine and chimney.It is heated by 1#GGH, 2#GGH, SGH, enters back into SCR reactors and further remove remaining NO in flue gasxHe bioxin, pollutant concentration is finally better than 2000 discharge standard of European Union, realizes minimum discharge.

Description

A kind of the minimum discharge purifier and its method of burning city domestic garbage flue gas
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of minimum discharge purifier of burning city domestic garbage flue gas and its methods.
Background technology
In recent years, burning city domestic garbage rapidly developed, and the country has created many garbage incinerating power plants. Waste incineration and generating electricity is the effective means for handling domestic waste, not only handles the thermal energy in house refuse, but also recycling rubbish, but It along with flue gas is generated in Refuse Incineration Process, the flue gas of generation contains a large amount of pollutant.These polluters are main Including heavy metal (Cd, Pb etc.), sour gas (HF, HCl, SOx、NOxDeng) and bioxin etc., these substances on human can Bring serious harm, direct emission that can cause secondary pollution.Therefore, the flue gas generated during burning city domestic garbage must It must could be discharged after purifier processing reaches discharge standard.
It will produce a large amount of NO in Refuse Incineration Processx, NOxProduction quantity mainly with furnace combustion temperature and rubbish chemistry Ingredient is related.Burn the NO generatedxIt can be divided into two kinds：One kind is thermal NOx；Another kind is fuel type NOx, wherein most NOxThe nitrogen contained in rubbish that is formed as formed.Currently, garbage incinerating power plant removes Combustion System NOx, outside smoke backflow, The main group technology for selecting SNCR and SCR or both.With regard to NOxRemoval effect for, SCR is to NOxRemoval rate reach 85% or more；And SNCR is to NOxRemoval rate also can reach 60% or so；Smoke backflow is to NOxRemoval rate also can reach 20% or so.
The sour gas that consumer waste incineration generates is mainly SOx、HCl、HF.Currently, deacidifying process mainly include dry method, Wet method, semidry method etc..Individual deacidifying process cannot be satisfied requirement.Domestic common deacidifying process combination has " half-dried+dry Method ", the combination can reach good deacidification efficiency, can meet present discharging standards.
Activated carbon often uses lignite activated carbon, the active carbon powder that can absorb the heavy metals such as Hg, Cd and Pb in flue gas, with And the pollutants such as dioxin in flue gas, furans.
Sack cleaner, electrostatic precipitator and Venturi scrubber are the masters of the dust removal in incineration flue gas of household garbage Want method.With the fast development of material subject, the service life of filtrate is greatly extended, sack cleaner is made to be burnt in rubbish It burns in fume treatment and occupies leading position.Flue gas entrainment dust enters sack cleaner, the acid in sack cleaner in flue gas Property gas continue and calcium hydroxide reaction, activated carbon continue adsorb flue gas in heavy metal He bioxin.Various particles (include flue gas In flue dust, the activated carbon after the heavy metal of condensation, reaction product, reactant and absorption) be attached to filter bag of dust collector table Face, compressed air blowback are discharged into dust collector ash hopper, and public drag conveyor is sent by deduster drag conveyor, using Enter flying dust warehouse after bucket elevator and flying dust silo roof screw conveyor.
Since the harmful substances in flue gas complexity that waste incineration generates is various, wanted so single technique cannot be satisfied processing It asks, Alternative is needed to combine.Group technology is not simple kinds of processes superposition, needs to consider each process operating conditions, rationally Arrangement can reduce the consumption of the energy and reach highest treatment effect.
Waste incinerated smoke purification system substantially uses two kinds or more of flue gas group technology at present, as semidry method+ Dry-process deacidification, activated carbon spray Xi Fu bioxin and sack cleaner dedusting etc..Due to each combination simple for process, pollutant is de- Except effect is limited, treated flue gas be extremely difficult to discharge standard (《Consumer waste incineration pollutant catabolic gene standard》 (GB18485- 2014)) with《European Union (2000/76/EC)》, especially《European Union (2000/76/EC)》It is required that smoke content is less than 10mg/m3, sulfur dioxide is less than 50mg/m3, hydrogen chloride is less than 10mg/m3, hydrogen fluoride is less than 1mg/m3, dioxins 0.1ngTEQ/m3(above every emission limit, to contain 11%O under standard state2Dry flue gas be reference value conversion day Mean value).
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is under the conditions of minimum processing cost, realize minimum discharge.Flue gas in engineering is net The use of change system " SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction denitration)+rotating spraying semidry method+dry-process deacidification+activated carbon injection absorption+ Bag filter+smoke reflux device+wet method depickling+1# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit (1#GGH)+2# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit The technology of (2#GGH)+steam/flue gas heat-exchange unit (SGH)+SCR (selective-catalytic-reduction denitrified) ".Heat boiler outlet Flue gas after this system is handled, the pollutant concentration in flue gas is better than《European Union (2000/76/EC)》Flue gas emission index limit Value realizes minimum discharge.
The technical principle of patent of the present invention
In waste heat boiler flue by a concentration of certain reducing agent spray under the hot conditions in burner hearth with NOxReaction, by NOx It is converted to nitrogen, completes first step denitration.Flue gas (190~220 DEG C) after economizer exit enters semidry method reaction from top Top of tower, rotary atomizer are located at spray reactor top, and the lime white come from lime white compounding system enters rotary atomizer, Due to the high-speed rotation of atomizer, lime white is atomized into fine droplet, the drop and the flue gas shape moved downward in the shape of a spiral At adverse current, and wrapped up in by huge flue gas stream with moving downward, in the process, lime white in flue gas sour gas HCl, HF、SO2Etc. reacting, reaction product falls into reactor cone, and a part of reaction product is discharged by cone base, another Part is contained in the flue gas for carrying under one's arms flying dust and various dust, enters next processing unit with flue gas.The cooling procedure also makes Bioxin, furans and heavy metal generate condensation.
Flue gas sprays active carbon powder and calcium hydroxide powder after semidry method reaction tower comes out directly into flue.Niter Grey powder and sour gas HCl, SOxAnd the reactions such as HF, it effectively can further remove remaining in flue gas after semidry method is handled Sour gas.Active carbon powder can absorb the organic contaminations such as the heavy metals such as Hg and dioxin in flue gas, furans in flue gas Object.
Flue gas enters sack cleaner entrainment of flying dust and various dust, the acid on the filter bag of sack cleaner in flue gas Property gas continue and calcium hydroxide reaction, activated carbon continue adsorb flue gas in heavy metal He bioxin.Various particles (include flue gas In flue dust, the activated carbon after the heavy metal of condensation, reaction product, reactant and absorption) be attached to filter bag of dust collector table Face, compressed air blowback are discharged into dust collector ash hopper, are transported to ash cellar by dust conveying system.
The flue gas that about 150 DEG C of bag filter outlet temperature, part of smoke enter waste heat boiler and carry out flue gas recirculation, separately Part of smoke enters 1# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit by lower entrances, and former flue gas is after tube side heat exchange cooling, under heat exchanger Portion, which exports out, enters scrubbing tower lower half smoke inlet, and is run up in tower.Scrubbing tower by lower part cooling end and The dehumidification by absorption portion on top forms, and coolant recirculation pump send bottom of tower coolant liquid to the nozzle to above cooling end, spray into downwards with The flue gas of adverse current comes into full contact with, and soda bath is delivered to by caustic soda delivery pump in coolant liquid circulating line after cooling, will cool down The pH values of liquid maintain solutions of weak acidity.Meanwhile in the process the sour gas HCl of part in soda bath and flue gas, SO2Etc. being reacted, the sour gas in absorbent solution.In addition, salinity is arranged on coolant liquid circulating line indicates alarm Device adjusts the coolant liquid discharge rate being discharged from wet scrubbing tower bottom, ensures that salinity maintains to stablize.
The neat stress washed by wet type extracting tower passes sequentially through 1# flue gases-flue gas heat-exchange unit, 2# flue gases-flue gas heat-exchange unit And steam/flue gas heat-exchange unit heating, enter SCR reaction towers after being heated to the suitable temperature of catalyst.In SCR reaction towers, NO in flue gasXIt is reacted with reducing agent under the action of low temperature catalyst, further the remaining NO of removingx, the purified cigarette of denitration Gas enters air-introduced machine after 2# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit, then is discharged into air to chimney.
Technical scheme of the present invention
A kind of minimum discharge purifier of burning city domestic garbage flue gas include smoke reflux device, SNCR denitration device, Semidry method reaction tower, lime white prepare with atomization jetting device, activated carbon and calcium hydroxide dry powder injection apparatus, sack cleaner, Wet type extracting tower, 1# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit (1#GGH), 2# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit (2#GGH), steam/flue gas heat-exchange unit (SGH), SCR denitration device, air-introduced machine and chimney, wherein smoke reflux device, SNCR denitration device, semidry method reaction tower, work Property charcoal and lime dry powder injection apparatus and sack cleaner can effectively slough pollutant in flue gas, flue gas through apparatus above at Pollutant concentration can substantially meet the pollutant emission standard of European Union 2000 after reason, by increasing wet type extracting tower and SCR device Sour gas, NOx, dust and the bioxin etc. in flue gas are further decreased, realizes minimum discharge.
A kind of minimum discharge purifier of above-mentioned burning city domestic garbage flue gas, semidry method reaction tower top are equipped with Gas inlet, side wall are equipped with exhanst gas outlet, and bottom is equipped with the outlet of flying dust；
Calcium hydroxide injection apparatus is equipped on flue between semidry method reaction tower exhanst gas outlet and sack cleaner smoke inlet Injection apparatus is sprayed with activated carbon；
Sack cleaner smoke inlet is located at deduster lower part, and exhanst gas outlet is located at deduster top, enters with 1#GGH original flue gases Flue before mouthful is equipped with smoke reflux device, and sack cleaner bottom is equipped with ash exhauster；
The former exhanst gas outlet that 1#GGH side walls the are equipped with smoke inlet that wet type depickling tower side wall is equipped with all the way is connected, and separately sets one Bypass connection wind turbine.Exhanst gas outlet, the exhanst gas outlet and the neat stress entrance phase at the top of 1#GGH are equipped at the top of wet type extracting tower Even；
It is connected with the bottoms 2#GGH original smoke inlet after the outlet a-road-through piping valve I of 1#GGH neat stress, another way 1# The outlet of GGH is connected through pipeline valve III with the entrance of air-introduced machine by pipeline；
The bottoms 2#GGH original exhanst gas outlet is connected with SGH lower entrances, and the tops SGH are equipped with exhanst gas outlet, and exhanst gas outlet is anti-with SCR Top of tower entrance is answered to be connected；
SCR reacts tower bottom and is equipped with exhanst gas outlet, is connected to 2#GGH neat stress entrances, passes through valve II by 2#GGH outlet at bottom Air-introduced machine is connected, the outlet of air-introduced machine is connected with flue gas.
1#GGH neat stress exports the pipeline between valve I and is equipped with a branch and through valve III, behind valve III with The pipeline that 2#GGH bottom valves II export connects and enters air-introduced machine together.Its main function is when 2#GGH, SGH and SCR are anti- Device is answered to break down, when needing to stop transport, flue gas directly can export connection air-introduced machine from 1#GGH, then be discharged by chimney.
The half-dried reaction tower, top passageway are equipped with deflector, flue gas can be made to move downward in the shape of a spiral.Rotary-atomizing Device is located at spray reactor top, and the lime white come from lime white compounding system enters rotary atomizer, due to the height of atomizer Speed rotation, lime white are atomized into fine droplet, and the drop and the flue gas moved downward in the shape of a spiral form adverse current, and huge Flue gas stream wrap up in moving downward, in the process, lime white reacts with the sour gas in flue gas.In reaction process First stage, neutralization reaction occurs for solution-air contact, and the moisture in lime white drop is evaporated, at the same flue gas obtain it is cold But；Second stage, gas-solid contact further neutralize and obtain dry solid-state reactants, and reaction product falls into reactor cone Body is discharged by cone base.The cooling procedure also Shi dioxins and heavy metal generate condensation.
The activated carbon injection apparatus is transported outward by tank car from factory with calcium hydroxide dry powder injection apparatus, activated carbon and calcium hydroxide Come, carrying compressor with tank car is sent by bunker feed pipe in bunker.It is equipped with deduster at the top of activated carbon and calcium hydroxide bunker, It collects calcium hydroxide dust and the conveying air for entering bunker is discharged.Storage bunker bottom is equipped with broken arch, Air Fluidized device, to prevent Material bridging and the mobility for keeping white lime, bottom are equipped with metering device, and being delivered to injection apparatus by roots blower sprays into Flue, the activated carbon and calcium hydroxide of penetrating start the pollutants such as absorbing acid gases, bioxin and heavy metal in flue, There is no being saturated, calcium hydroxide and sour gas also do not react fully for activated carbon adsorption in flue, then together with flue gas into Enter to be adsorbed in sack cleaner on filter bag surface, is come into full contact with the flue gas by filter bag surface, be finally reached removal flue gas The purpose of middle sour gas, bioxin and heavy metal.
The sack cleaner can not only remove particulate matter, and can improve desulfuration efficiency, improve heavy metal and The removal rate of bioxin.Sack cleaner uses long-bag low-pressure pulse structure, the pure PTFE+PTFE overlay films filter of filtrate material selection Bag, to prevent ash bucket from condensing and viscous ash, ash bucket is using electric tracer heating system.
The wet type depickling Tower System is mainly taken off by wet type extracting tower, dehumidification water tank, dehumidification liquid heat exchanger, wet type The compositions such as acid tower subsidiary water tank, caustic soda storage tank, sodium hydroxide thinning tank, pump and control instrument.Scrubbing tower by lower part cooling end It is formed with the dehumidification by absorption portion on top, coolant recirculation pump send bottom of tower coolant liquid to the nozzle to above cooling end, sprays into downwards It is come into full contact with the flue gas of adverse current, flue-gas temperature is continuously decreased.20% soda bath is delivered to cold by caustic soda delivery pump But in liquid circulating line, the pH value of coolant liquid is maintained into weak acid.Meanwhile part in soda bath and flue gas in the process Sour gas HCl, SO2Etc. being reacted, in order to keep the concentration of salt in coolant liquid, it is dense that salt is set on coolant liquid circulating line Indicating alarm is spent, the coolant liquid discharge rate being discharged from wet type depickling tower bottom is adjusted.
Described 1#GGH, 2#GGH, the SGH is pipe heat exchanger.
The SCR reactors enter certain density reducing agent penetrating mixed flue gas in SCR reactors, in catalyst Under the action of reacted with the nitrogen oxides in flue gas, generate after harmless nitrogen and water vapour by SCR reactors tail portion into Enter air-introduced machine entrance.
A kind of purification method of the minimum discharge purifier of above-mentioned burning city domestic garbage flue gas is as follows：
SNCR systems spray reductant into waste heat boiler flue, complete first step denitration, flue gas after economizer from top into Enter semidry method reaction tower, reacted with the lime white of atomization, completes first step depickling；Flue gas is after semidry method reaction tower comes out, directly Connect and spray active carbon powder and calcium hydroxide powder into flue, preliminary absorption and absorb sour gas in flue gas, bioxin and Heavy metal ion, then flue gas entrainment dust enter sack cleaner, further depickling is completed in sack cleaner, and remove The pollutants such as heavy metal He bioxin, the flue gas fraction come out from sack cleaner enter flue gas recirculation, reduce the life of NOx Cheng Liang；Another part enters the cooling of 1#GGH heat exchangers, and flue gas enters the acidity that wet type extracting tower further removes remnants after cooling Gas, the flue gas after depickling sequentially enter 1#GGH, 2#GGH, SGH heating, and the flue gas after heating enters SCR reactor progress Remove remaining NOx, purified flue gas enters 2#GGH, and flue gas is discharged into air after heating through air-introduced machine, chimney.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
The minimum discharge purifier of a kind of burning city domestic garbage flue gas of the present invention, using smoke reflux device, SNCR Denitrification apparatus, semidry method reaction tower, lime white are prepared and atomization jetting device, activated carbon and calcium hydroxide dry powder injection apparatus, bag Formula deduster, wet type extracting tower, 1# flue gases/flue gas heater, 2# flue gases/flue gas heater steam heater, SCR denitration dress It sets, various pollutants processing has multi-stage treatment units, therefore has the excellent of bigger in pollutants such as desulphurization denitration, Chu bioxin More property.First, NO is reduced in smoke reflux devicexProduction quantity, further use SNCR devices removal flue gas in NOx, cigarette Gas enters semidry method reaction tower after economizer from top, and lime white, the acid in flue gas are sprayed into using rotary atomizer in tower top Property gas and lime white complete first step depickling；The flue gas after first step depickling is completed after semidry method reaction tower comes out, is passed through Active carbon powder and calcium hydroxide powder are sprayed, sour gas, bioxin and heavy metal ion in absorption and absorption flue gas are completed It absorbs and the calcium hydroxide of absorption and active carbon powder fully reacts in sack cleaner, and by deduster by dust separation, Further eliminate sour gas, bioxin and heavy metal ion, remaining sour gas, dust enter wet type depickling in flue gas Tower absorbing and removing again, after wet scrubber tower, temperature reduces flue gas, to ensure the treatment effeciency of SCR reactors, passes through 1# GGH, 2#GGH, SGH are heated, and are entered back into SCR reactors and are further removed remaining NO in flue gasxHe bioxin.
A kind of minimum discharge purifier of burning city domestic garbage flue gas of the present invention is used for urban household garbage After the purified treatment for burning flue gas, flue dust 5mg/Nm in the flue gas of discharge3, HCl 10mg/Nm3, HF1mg/Nm3, SO210mg/Nm3, NOx50mg/Nm3, CO10mg/Nm3, Hg0.02mg/Nm3, bioxin 0.02ng-TEQ/Nm3(above every discharge value, To contain 11%O under standard state2Dry flue gas be reference value conversion annual average), meet the discharge mark of European Union 2000/76/EC Standard, wherein flue dust, SO2, NOx, CO, the discharge values such as Hg, bioxin be superior to the emission limit of European Union 2000/76/EC, realize Minimum discharge.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the flue gas integrated purifying processing unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the portions the A enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the portions the B enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.
Specific implementation mode
Patent of the present invention is expanded on further below by specific implementation example with reference, but is not intended to limit this hair It is bright.
Embodiment 1
A kind of minimum discharge purifier of burning city domestic garbage flue gas, structural schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1, include flue gas (prepared by lime white for reflux 7, SNCR denitration device (not provided in schematic diagram, belong to denitration in the stove), semidry method reaction tower 1 With atomization jetting device), activated carbon injection apparatus 3, calcium hydroxide dry powder injection apparatus 4, sack cleaner 5,1# flue gases/flue gas change Hot device 8 (GGH), wet type extracting tower 9,2# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit 11 (GGH), steam/flue gas heat-exchange unit 12 (SGH), SCR are de- Nitre device 13, reductant storage device 14, air-introduced machine 15 and chimney 16.
1 top of semidry method reaction tower is equipped with gas inlet, and side wall is equipped with exhanst gas outlet, and bottom is equipped with the outlet 2 of flying dust； It is equipped with calcium hydroxide injection apparatus 3 on flue between 5 smoke inlet of 1 exhanst gas outlet of half-dried reaction tower and sack cleaner and lives Property charcoal injection apparatus 4；
5 smoke inlet of sack cleaner is located at deduster lower part, and exhanst gas outlet is located at deduster top, with 1# flue gases/flue gas Flue before the former smoke inlet of heat exchanger 8 is equipped with smoke reflux device 7, and 5 bottom of sack cleaner is equipped with ash exhauster 6；
The smoke inlet that the former exhanst gas outlet that 1#GGH8 side walls are equipped with is equipped with 9 side wall of wet type extracting tower all the way is connected, separately If a bypass connection wind turbine 15.9 top of wet type extracting tower is equipped with exhanst gas outlet, the exhanst gas outlet and the neat stress at the top of 1#GGH8 Entrance is connected；
The outlet a-road-through piping valve I (17) of 1#GGH8 neat stress is connected with the bottoms 2#GGH11 original smoke inlet afterwards, another The neat stress outlet of road 1#GGH8 is connected through pipeline valve III (18) with the entrance of air-introduced machine by pipeline；It is former at the top of 2#GGH11 Exhanst gas outlet is connected with SGH12 lower entrances, and the tops SGH12 are equipped with exhanst gas outlet, and exhanst gas outlet enters with 13 top of SCR reaction towers Mouth is connected；13 bottom of SCR reaction towers is equipped with exhanst gas outlet, neat stress entrance at the top of 2#GGH11 is connected to, by the bottoms 2#GGH11 Neat stress outlet connects air-introduced machine 15 by valve II (19) valve, and the outlet of air-introduced machine is connected with chimney 16；
1#GGH8 neat stress exports the pipeline between valve I (17) and is equipped with a branch and through valve III (18), valve III (18) it is connect below with the pipeline of 2#GGH11 bottom valves II (19) neat stress outlet and enters air-introduced machine together.It is mainly made With being when 2#GGH11, SGH12 and SCR reactor break down, when needing to stop transport, flue gas can be directly from 1#GGH8 neat stress Outlet connection air-introduced machine 15, then be discharged by chimney 16.
A kind of minimum discharge purifier of above-mentioned burning city domestic garbage flue gas, operating path are as follows：
SNCR systems spray reductant into waste heat boiler flue, complete first step denitration, flue gas after economizer from top into Enter semidry method reaction tower 1, reacted with the lime white of atomization, completes first step depickling；Flue gas is out laggard from semidry method reaction tower 1 Before sack cleaner 5, active carbon powder is directly sprayed into flue gas by activated carbon injection apparatus 3 and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus 4 With calcium hydroxide powder, preliminary to adsorb and absorb sour gas, bioxin and the heavy metal ion in flue gas, then flue gas carries powder secretly Dirt enters sack cleaner 5, sour gas is further removed in sack cleaner 5, and removes removing heavy metals and bioxin etc. and is dirty Object is contaminated, grey Photon crosses scrapper conveyor and is delivered to ash cellar；The flue gas fraction come out from sack cleaner 5 enters smoke reflux device 7, Reduce NOx production quantity, another part enter 1#GGH8 cooling, after cooling flue gas enter wet type extracting tower 9 remove again it is residual Remaining sour gas, the flue gas after depickling enter 2#GGH11, SGH12 heating, and the flue gas after heating enters SCR reactors 13, into 3 layers of catalyst reaction are crossed, denitration and removal bioxin are further completed, purified flue gas enters 2#GGH11, Flue gas is discharged into air through air-introduced machine 15 after heating by chimney 16.
When 2#GGH11, SGH12 and SCR reactor 13 breaks down, and needs to stop transport, valve I (17) and valve are closed Valve III (18) is opened in II (19), and flue gas directly can export connection air-introduced machine 15 from 1#GGH8, then be discharged by chimney 16.
Application Example 1
Using a kind of minimum discharge purifier of burning city domestic garbage flue gas described in embodiment 1 to domestic waste Incineration flue gas is handled, and operating path is as follows：
SNCR systems spray reductant into waste heat boiler flue, complete first step denitration, flue gas after economizer from top into Enter semidry method reaction tower 1, neutralization reaction occurs for the lime white of sour gas and atomization in flue gas, eliminates the acid of most Property gas；
Before flue gas comes out laggard sack cleaner 5 from 2 side of semidry method reaction tower, pass through activated carbon injection apparatus 3 and calcium hydroxide Injection apparatus 4 sprays active carbon powder and calcium hydroxide powder directly into flue gas, the sour gas in preliminary absorption and absorption flue gas Body, bioxin and heavy metal ion, then flue gas entrainment dust enter sack cleaner 5, on the filter bag surface of sack cleaner 5 Filtering layer is formed, calcium hydroxide is further reacted with sour gas, further removes sour gas, and the pollutions such as heavy metal and bioxin Object is detached with activated carbon, and grey Photon crosses scrapper conveyor and is delivered to ash cellar；
The flue gas fraction come out from sack cleaner 5 enters smoke reflux device 7, reduces the production quantity of NOx, another part into Enter 1#GGH8 coolings, flue gas enters wet type extracting tower 9 after cooling, and lye sprays from top to bottom, and flue gas comes into full contact with suction with lye It receives, further removes remaining sour gas in flue gas, while removing the particulate matter of a part of remnants；
Flue gas after depickling enters 1#GGH8,2#GGH11, SGH12 heating, and the flue gas after heating enters SCR reactors 13, into 3 layers of catalyst reaction are crossed, denitration and removal bioxin are further completed, purified flue gas enters 2#GGH11, flue gas warp It is discharged into air by chimney 16 through air-introduced machine 15 after heating, to realize the minimum discharge purified treatment of flue gas.
It is used for domestic waste by a kind of minimum discharge purifier of above-mentioned burning city domestic garbage flue gas After the purified treatment of incineration flue gas, flue dust 5mg/Nm in the flue gas of discharge3, HCl 10mg/Nm3, HF1mg/Nm3, SO210mg/ Nm3, NOx50mg/Nm3, CO10mg/Nm3, Hg0.02mg/Nm3, bioxin 0.02ng-TEQ/Nm3(above every discharge value, To contain 11%O under standard state2Dry flue gas be reference value conversion annual average), meet the discharge of European Union 2000/76/EC Standard, wherein flue dust, SO2, NOx, CO, the discharge values such as Hg, bioxin be superior to the emission limit of European Union 2000/76/EC, it is real Existing minimum discharge.
Comparative examples 1
Use " the SNCR+ semidry methods depickling+activated carbon adsorption bioxin+dry-process deacidification+sack cleaner " of the prior art Flue gas combined treatment process, Pollutant emission concentration meet emission request, flue dust 10mg/Nm in flue gas3, HCl10mg/Nm3, HF1mg/Nm3, SO250mg/Nm3, NOx150mg/Nm3, Hg0.05mg/Nm3, bioxin 0.1ng-TEQ/Nm3(above items Discharge value, to contain 11%O under standard state2Dry flue gas be reference value conversion annual average), substantially meet European Union 2000/ The discharge standard of 76/EC.
It is compared with comparative examples 1 by above-mentioned Application Example 1, it can be seen that pass through a kind of above-mentioned city After the minimum discharge purifier of city's incineration flue gas of household garbage is for the purified treatment of burning city domestic garbage flue gas, in cigarette Dust content, content of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, the indexs such as tribute content , content of dioxin have concentration of emission bright than the prior art Aobvious to reduce, smoke content and content of sulfur dioxide are reduced to the 1/2 and 1/5 of the prior art, and mercury content is the 2/ of the prior art 5 , dioxin contents are only the 1/5 of the prior art, have been indicated above the flue-gas purification equipment of the present invention in smoke pollution There is apparent advantage in terms of object removing, can realize minimum discharge.
The above is only the basic explanation under present inventive concept, and any etc. made by technical solution according to the present invention Effect transformation, all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of minimum discharge purifier of burning city domestic garbage flue gas, which is characterized in that including smoke reflux device, Prepared by SNCR denitration device, semidry method reaction tower, lime white fills with atomization jetting device, activated carbon and the injection of calcium hydroxide dry powder It sets, sack cleaner, wet type extracting tower, 1# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit (1#GGH), 2# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit (2#GGH), steam Vapour/flue gas heat-exchange unit (SGH), SCR denitration device, air-introduced machine and chimney, it is characterised in that realized after Alternative combines super Low emission uses two-stage GGH to recycle thermal energy in addition, reduces energy consumption；
Semidry method reaction tower top is equipped with gas inlet, and side wall is equipped with exhanst gas outlet, and bottom is equipped with the outlet of flying dust；
Calcium hydroxide injection apparatus is equipped on flue between semidry method reaction tower exhanst gas outlet and sack cleaner smoke inlet Injection apparatus is sprayed with activated carbon；
Sack cleaner smoke inlet is located at deduster lower part, and exhanst gas outlet is located at deduster top, and sack cleaner bottom is set There is ash exhauster；
With 1#GGH original smoke inlets before flue on be equipped with smoke reflux device, be additionally provided with bypass and be connected to air-introduced machine；
The former exhanst gas outlet of 1#GGH side walls is connected with the smoke inlet on wet type depickling tower side wall, flue gas at the top of wet type extracting tower Outlet is connected with the neat stress entrance at the top of 1#GGH；
It is connected with the bottoms 2#GGH original smoke inlet after 1#GGH neat stress outlet a-road-through piping valve I, another bypass is through pipe Road valve III is connected with the entrance of air-introduced machine；
The bottoms 2#GGH original exhanst gas outlet is connected with SGH lower entrances, and the tops SGH are equipped with exhanst gas outlet, and exhanst gas outlet is anti-with SCR Top of tower entrance is answered to be connected；
SCR reacts tower bottom and is equipped with exhanst gas outlet, is connected to 2#GGH neat stress entrances, passes through valve II by 2#GGH outlet at bottom Air-introduced machine is connected, the outlet of air-introduced machine is connected with flue gas；
1#GGH neat stress export and valve I between pipeline be equipped with bypass, the bypass through behind valve III with the bottoms 2#GGH The pipeline that valve II exports connects and enters air-introduced machine together.
2. a kind of minimum discharge purifier of burning city domestic garbage flue gas as described in right 1, which is characterized in that simultaneously Using smoke reflux device, SNCR denitration device, semidry method reaction tower, lime white prepare with atomization jetting device, activated carbon with Calcium hydroxide dry powder injection apparatus, sack cleaner, wet type extracting tower, SCR denitration device, reasonable Arrangement reactor make device imitate Rate reaches best, and pollutant realizes minimum discharge by multistage grade processing unit.
3. a kind of minimum discharge purifier of burning city domestic garbage flue gas as described in right 1, which is characterized in that pass through The thermal energy of 1# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit, 2# flue gases/flue gas heat-exchange unit recovered flue gas.
4. a kind of minimum discharge purification method of burning city domestic garbage flue gas, which is characterized in that use smoke reflux device Middle reduction NOxProduction quantity, further pass through SNCR devices remove flue gas in NOx, flue gas is after economizer from top into partly Dry process reaction tower sprays into lime white in tower top using rotary atomizer, and the sour gas in flue gas completes the first step with lime white Depickling；Flue gas after depickling is after semidry method reaction tower comes out, by spraying active carbon powder and calcium hydroxide powder, absorption and suction The sour gas, bioxin and heavy metal ion in flue gas are received, completes absorption and the calcium hydroxide adsorbed and active carbon powder in bag Fully reacted in formula deduster, and by deduster by dust separation, further remove sour gas, bioxin and heavy metal from Son, remaining sour gas, dust enter wet type extracting tower absorbing and removing again in flue gas, and the flue-gas temperature after washing reduces.
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CN109621661A (en) * 2018-12-10 2019-04-16 北京科技大学 A kind of system and method for boiler smoke minimum discharge
CN109701332A (en) * 2019-02-25 2019-05-03 中机眉山再生能源有限公司 Flue-gas purification equipment and processing method in a kind of renewable energy generating system
CN109925869A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-06-25 洁华控股股份有限公司 Flue gas of refuse burning high-efficient purification processing method
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