CN109569228A - The exhaust system and technique of flue gas of garbage furnace - Google Patents

The exhaust system and technique of flue gas of garbage furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109569228A
CN109569228A CN201811600050.8A CN201811600050A CN109569228A CN 109569228 A CN109569228 A CN 109569228A CN 201811600050 A CN201811600050 A CN 201811600050A CN 109569228 A CN109569228 A CN 109569228A
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flue gas
gas
flue
discharge
low
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施小东
翁林钢
叶青
戚科技
施秦峰
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Zhejiang Doway Advanced Technology Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Doway Advanced Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/60—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D46/00 and B01D47/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/40—Acidic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Abstract

This application discloses a kind of exhaust system of flue gas of garbage furnace and techniques, and the technique is the following steps are included: denitration；Semidry method removes sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds；Activated carbon adsorption and dry powder depickling；Dedusting；Flue gas heat exchange；Low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant；Wet process depickling.The present invention can be achieved the synchronous, efficient of multiple pollutant (including particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide, dioxin, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, mercury and other heavy metals) and the ultra-low concentration discharge, it can be achieved that flue gas of refuse burning, NO be removed in depthX< 50mg/Nm3, SO2< 35mg/Nm3, dioxin TEQ < 0.01ng/Nm3, while the discharge index of HF, HCl, mercury and other heavy metals is greatly lowered.

Description

The exhaust system and technique of flue gas of garbage furnace
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of air pollution purification more particularly to the exhaust systems and work of a kind of flue gas of garbage furnace Skill.
Background technique
With China's rapid development of economy, living standards of the people are improved rapidly, and urbanization process is continuously improved, all kinds of rubbish The yield of rubbish is also sharply increasing." the big or middle municipal solid waste pollution ring in the whole nation in 2017 announced according to State Ministry of Environmental Protection Border prevents and treats annual report " data show, it is 2016,18850.5 ten thousand tons of Municipal Domestic Garbage Output 214 big or middle, with annual 8- 10% growth rate increases.The method of domestic garbage disposal, predominantly garbage loading embeading and waste incineration.Garbage loading embeading is due to needing A large amount of land resource is consumed, and effluent seepage contaminated soil and underground water, destroyed land resource easily occurs, causes serious two Secondary pollution.Therefore in recent years, the treating capacity relative scale of garbage loading embeading is constantly reduced.Garbage incineration process and garbage loading embeading work Skill and other treatment process compare, and have the advantages that rubbish wide adaptation range, capacity usage ratio are high, take up little area, waste incineration The yield of process rubbish is also constantly increasing, and relative scale is continuously improved.Flourishing city, most of rubbish are opened at home Begin to be handled using garbage incineration process.
Waste incineration also brings along new problem, China due to garbage classification carry out and bad, ash disposal after waste incineration Slag should carry out, with a large amount of pollutant in flue gas, should especially being handled before discharging to atmosphere outside especially processing.Due to The particularity of component of refuse, major pollutants in the flue gas that rubbish generates after burning are as follows: dust, SO2、HCl、NOX(PCDD/ PCDF etc.), heavy metal etc..Flue gas of refuse burning is by domestic traditional handicraft at present, it is difficult to achieve the purpose that deep treatment purifies.It is main Want the reason is as follows that:
(1) denitration (NOXRemoval)
The application of domestic denitrating technique, predominantly SNCR (non-selective catalytic reduction), SCR (selective catalytic reduction Method) and low-temperature SCR.SNCR is the traditional handicraft of flue gas of refuse burning denitration, is widely applied at present, technology maturation.SCR technique by In the flue gas of refuse burning ingredient the characteristics of, catalyst poisoning is easily caused, and the more difficult matching of flue-gas temperature, technique are difficult to select.It is low Warm SCR technique palpus desulfurization, dedusting and heating, equally exist the easy intoxicating phenomenon of catalyst, operating cost is high, technical maturity Difference, it is difficult to promote and apply.Due to the denitration efficiency of SNCR, generally 50% or so, therefore denitration efficiency is not generally high, NOX's There are technical problems for deep purifying.
(2) dioxin is removed
Dioxin is one of the most important index that flue gas of refuse burning is administered.Control technology is mainly Combustion System at present, And spray into activated carbon powder before bag filter and adsorbed, the dioxin-like chemical that absorption is not yet decomposed and synthesized again, Other removing control technique for applying are seldom.
(3) demercuration
A large amount of mercury exists in the form of element mercury in flue gas of refuse burning, is in gaseous state, mainly passes through activated carbon powder Adsorption is carried out, other removing control technique for applying are equally seldom.
(4) desulfurization, removing HF, HCl
The deacidification of the common process of garbage power plant at present, mainly semidry method, dry method deacidification and wet process acid removal process are gone It removes.There is the limitation of deacidification efficiency in semidry method deacidification, dry method deacidification and wet process acid removal process, lower discharge may be implemented and refer to Mark, but be difficult to fully achieve the purpose of minimum discharge processing.
In conclusion domestic flue gas of refuse burning processing traditional at present, only may be implemented the emission control of low concentration, But as what environment protection emission criterion required is gradually increased, emission control becomes more and more difficult, especially NOX, dioxin With the control of mercury metal, it is difficult to reach the demand of minimum discharge.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of exhaust system of flue gas of garbage furnace and technique, which be can be realized Deep purifying, while realizing the ultra-low concentration discharge of flue gas.
To solve this technical problem, the technical scheme is that
A kind of discharge technology of flue gas of garbage furnace, comprising the following steps:
Step A, denitration
Ammonia water spray is entered boiler internal and mixed with flue gas by SNCR denitration device；The NOx's in ammonia and flue gas in ammonium hydroxide Equivalent proportion is 1.5 to 1.6；
Step B, semidry method removes sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds
It is passed through after the flue gas of step A is cooled down by waste heat boiler to semidry method rotary atomization device, semidry method rotation Spraying device sprays alkaline solution drop；Sour gas and alkaline solution in flue gas occur neutralization reaction and form salt particle；Cigarette Divalent mercuric compounds in gas are formed by curing dusting solid by the contact of alkaline solution particle；
Step C, activated carbon adsorption and dry powder depickling
It is passed through flue by the flue gas of step B, sprays active carbon into the flue gas of flue, active carbon is by two evils in flue gas English and acid gas adsorption；Calcium hydroxide dry powder is sprayed into the flue gas of flue simultaneously, the sour gas in calcium hydroxide and flue gas is sent out Raw acid-base neutralization reaction；
Step D, dedusting
It is passed through by the flue gas of step C to bag filter, bag filter utilizes the dust in filtrate trapping flue gas Grain and active carbon and calcium hydroxide dry powder particle；
Step E, flue gas heat exchange
Into the low of gas-to-gas heat exchanger after the flue gas of step D is passed through to gas-to-gas heat exchanger and reacts with subsequent step G The ultra-clean flue gas of temperature exchanges heat；
Step F, low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant
It is passed through by the flue gas of step E to low-temperature plasma reactor, low-temperature plasma reactor discharges so that in flue gas Pollutant redox reaction or decomposition reaction occurs；
Step G, wet process depickling
It is passed through by the flue gas of step F to wet process extracting tower, gas liquid reaction, removing occurs with lye in wet process extracting tower Sour gas and solid dust particle, obtain ultra-clean flue gas；The ultra-clean flue gas being discharged in step G is passed through to gas-to-gas heat exchanger, Flue gas is discharged after gas-to-gas heat exchanger heats by chimney.
In one embodiment of the invention, the temperature of flue gas is 850 DEG C to 1100 DEG C at ammonia water spray in the step A.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step F discharge type of low-temperature plasma reactor be corona discharge or Person's dielectric barrier discharge.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step F power supply crest voltage of low-temperature plasma reactor be 80KV extremely 120KV；The power supply pulsewidth of the low-temperature plasma reactor is 0.1 μ s to 1 μ s.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the flue gas of the step E discharge stops in step F low-temperature plasma reactor Between be 1.8s to 2.5s.
In one embodiment of the invention, the flue gas of step D discharge flue gas stream in step E low-temperature plasma reactor Speed is 0.8m/s to 2m/s.
In one embodiment of the invention, the flue gas of the step E discharge is in the mistake for entering step F low-temperature plasma reactor Air-flow is 0.1 to 0.2 with respect to root-mean-square deviation in journey.
In one embodiment of the invention, the step G neutral and alkali solution atomization partial size is 30-50 μm, liquid-gas ratio 10- 18L/m3。
The present invention also provides a kind of exhaust systems of flue gas of garbage furnace, comprising: sequentially connected incinerator, waste heat pot Furnace apparatus, semidry method rotary atomization device, bag-type dust collector, gas-to-gas heat exchanger, low-temperature plasma reactor and wet process are de- Acid tower；SNCR denitration device is equipped in the incinerator；The semidry method rotary atomization device and the bag-type dust collector it Between by flue be connected to, flue be equipped with active carbon flue mixed injection device and dry powder flue mixed injection device；The gas- Gas heat exchanger has hot air intake, heat outlet, cold air import and cold air outlet, and hot air intake is filled by pipeline and bag-type dust Connection is set, heat outlet is connect by pipeline with low-temperature plasma reactor, and cold air import is connected by pipeline and wet process extracting tower It connects, cold air outlet connects chimney by pipeline.
In one embodiment of the invention, the out of stock device of SNCR includes twin spray gun, twin spray Rifle is connected with ammonium hydroxide supply system, from ammonium hydroxide supply system to SNCR denitration device provisioning ammonium hydroxide；The semidry method rotating spraying Device is using upper air fair current reaction tower；The discharge type of low-temperature plasma reactor is corona discharge or dielectric impedance Electric discharge；Wet process extracting tower includes the lye layer set gradually from bottom to up, spraying layer and absorbs demisting layer, and the spraying layer passes through Circulating pump connects lye layer, aspirates the lye in lye layer by circulating pump and then sprays downwards.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention realizes flue gas by SNCR denitration First denitration；Flue gas enters the first depickling of semidry method rotating spraying reaction unit progress after waste heat boiler cools down after SNCR reaction With removal divalent mercuric compounds, semidry method rotating spraying reaction unit treated flue gas enters to be connected with bag filter In flue, absorption and depickling, Zhi Houyan are carried out by active carbon flue mixed injection device and dry powder flue mixed injection device Gas pass through bag filter dedusting, later flue gas by heat exchange after enter low-temperature plasma reactor carry out redox reaction or Decomposition reaction, further denitration depickling and decomposes other pollutants, later by wet process extracting tower treated purifying smoke warp It is discharged after gas-gas heater heating by chimney.It can be seen that the achievable multiple pollutant of the present invention (including particulate matter, nitrogen oxidation Object, oxysulfide, dioxin, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, mercury and other heavy metals) it is synchronous, efficiently be removed in depth, it can be achieved that rubbish The ultra-low concentration discharge of rubbish incineration flue gas, NOX< 50mg/Nm3, SO2< 35mg/Nm3, dioxin TEQ < 0.01ng/Nm3, simultaneously The discharge index of HF, HCl, mercury and other heavy metals is greatly lowered.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of embodiment of the exhaust system of flue gas of garbage furnace of the invention.
Each appended drawing reference in figure are as follows: 1, incinerator；2, SNCR denitration device；3, waste heat boiler device；4, semidry method rotates Spraying device；5, active carbon flue mixed injection device；6, dry powder flue mixed injection device；7, bag-type dust collector；8, gas- Gas heat exchanger；9, reaction of low temperature plasma device；10, wet process extracting tower；11, chimney.
Specific embodiment
In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, being explained in detail below by specific embodiment the present invention It states.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of exhaust system of flue gas of garbage furnace, comprising: sequentially connected It is incinerator 1, waste heat boiler device 3, semidry method rotary atomization device 4, bag-type dust collector 7, gas-to-gas heat exchanger (GGH) 8, low Warm plasma reactor 9 and wet process extracting tower 10.
First denitration is carried out with the flue gas generated to incinerator 1 equipped with SNCR denitration device 2 in the incinerator 1.It is described It is connected between semidry method rotary atomization device 4 and the bag-type dust collector 7 by flue, flue is mixed equipped with active carbon flue Close injection apparatus 5 and dry powder flue mixed injection device 6.
The gas-to-gas heat exchanger 8 has hot air intake 81, heat outlet 82, cold air import 83 and cold air outlet 84, hot gas Import 81 is connect by pipeline with bag-type dust collector 7, and heat outlet 82 is connect by pipeline with low-temperature plasma reactor 9, Cold air import 83 is connect by pipeline with wet process extracting tower 10, and cold air outlet 84 connects chimney 11 by pipeline.
For the flue gas that incinerator 1 generates first through the first denitration of SNCR denitration device 2, the out of stock device 2 of SNCR includes double fluid Body atomizing lance 21, the twin spray gun 21 are connected with ammonium hydroxide supply system 20, are taken off from ammonium hydroxide supply system 20 to SNCR Nitre device 2 supplies ammonium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide is injected into the flue gas of the generation of incinerator 1 (cigarette at injection by twin spray gun 21 Temperature degree is between 850~1100 DEG C), it is sufficiently mixed after vaporization with flue gas, the NO in a large amount of ammonia and flue gas, NO2 are gone back Original is at N2 (equivalent proportion of ammonia and NOx be 1.5~1.6), and with a certain amount of NH3Excessive unreacted.
Flue gas after preliminary denitration enters semidry method rotary atomization device 4, semidry method rotation spray after the cooling of waste heat boiler 3 For mist device 4 using upper air fair current reaction tower, lime white sprays into reaction tower after high-pressure rotary is atomized, flue gas from tower top into Enter reaction tower, is mixed after being uniformly distributed with the lime white of high speed atomisation.Sour gas and lime in reaction tower, in flue gas Reaction, by SO2, the acidic materials neutralization precipitation such as HCl, HF, generate inert solid matter CaCl2、CaF2、CaSO4, while stone Flue gas, is cooled to the temperature of setting by the heat of vaporization in moisture absorption flue gas in mortar.Flue gas has enough anti-in tower Between seasonable, moisture evaporating completely in lime white.Flue gas after reaction is flowed out from tower bottom, and wherein bulky grain solid exists because of inertial deposition In tower bottom ash bucket, periodically it is discharged.The particulate solid that flue gas carries out is captured in subsequent handling bag-type dust collector 7 and goes It removes.
Flue gas after semidry method rotary atomization device 4 reacts enters in flue, due to being provided with active carbon flue in flue Mixed injection device 5 and dry powder flue mixed injection device 6, Powdered Activated Carbon and flue gas are realized uniformly mixed by strong turbulent flow It closes, achievees the purpose that adsorb the pollutants such as heavy metal, dioxin and furans；It is dry that calcium hydroxide is sprayed into the flue gas of flue simultaneously Acid-base neutralization reaction occurs for powder, sour gas of the calcium hydroxide in flue and in the filter bag surface and flue gas of bag-type dust collector 7. Active carbon powder and calcium hydroxide dry powder are removed after absorbing pollutant by the capture of bag-type dust collector 7.
Solid-state salt particulate matter, the active carbon powder, niter generated in original dust particles and above-mentioned apparatus in flue gas Grey dry powder etc. is removed together in bag filter 7.Bag filter 7 is the filtration using fabric to ash-laden gas Body is filtered, and after dusty gas enters sack cleaner, particle is big, heavy dust, since the effect of gravity settles Get off, fall into ash bucket, for the gas containing relatively fine dust when passing through filtrate, dust is purified flue gas by detention.
Enter low-temperature plasma after the cooling of gas-to-gas heat exchanger 8 by the flue gas of preliminary denitration, depickling, absorption and dedusting Reactor 9.The discharge type of low-temperature plasma reactor 9 is corona discharge or dielectric barrier discharge, low-temperature plasma reaction Device 9 includes discharge electrode and earthing pole, flue gas residence time 1.8-2.5s in low-temperature plasma reactor 9, the substance in flue gas By the strong effect for the plasma pulse corona discharge that discharge electrode and earthing pole generate, excitation generates strong redox Reaction.Reaction of nitrogen oxides is nitric acid ammonia particulate matter and part NO2、HNO3, part of nitrogen oxides can be reduced to N2；SO2 Gas can be sulfate of ammoniac by part reaction, realize partial removal purpose in low-temperature plasma reactor 9；Element mercury will be low The free radical and other active particles that warm plasma reactor 9 generates are oxidized to mercury oxide, mercury chloride etc., are converted to by element mercury Bivalent mercury is removed in subsequent wet process extracting tower 10；Other heavy metal substances can be sent out in low-temperature plasma reactor 9 The collective effect of raw corresponding oxidation reaction, 9 high energy electron of low-temperature plasma reactor and electric field force promotes other heavy metal objects Matter is adsorbed by dust and droplet, is conducive to remove in subsequent wet extracting tower 10.Dioxin is produced in low-temperature plasma reactor 9 The reactions such as dechlorination, heterocycle fracture will occur under the action of raw free radical and other active particles, ultimately generate CO2、CO、 H2O, the inorganic gas small molecule such as HCl eliminates dioxin toxicity, realizes the purpose thoroughly removed.
Flue gas after low-temperature plasma reactor 9 acts on enters wet process extracting tower 10.Wet process extracting tower 10 include from down toward On set gradually lye layer, spraying layer and absorb demisting layer, the spraying layer by circulating pump connection lye layer, pass through circulation Pumping is inhaled the lye in lye layer and is then sprayed downwards.Flue gas enters from 10 lower part of wet process extracting tower, in lye layer and spraying layer It is interior that gas liquid reaction occurs with lye, further remove sour gas and solid dust particle.10 apical sink of wet process extracting tower removes Mist layer can reduce the water content in flue gas, except fog directly excludes, not mix with lower part lye, reduce sewage discharge.It is final net Ultra-clean flue gas after change is drained into atmosphere after the heating of gas-to-gas heat exchanger 8 by chimney.
Outlet purifying smoke is 100-110 DEG C through 8 temperature after heating of gas-to-gas heat exchanger, it is no longer necessary to increase flue gas heating Disappear white device, and the gas-to-gas heat exchanger 8 is rationally using treated the high-temperature flue gas of bag-type dust collector 7 to super before last discharge Neat stress is heated, and has been reached reasonable using resource, has been reduced the purpose of energy consumption.Pollutant concentration in flue gas reaches super Low concentration standard, wherein NOX< 50mg/Nm3, SO2< 35mg/Nm3, dioxin TEQ < 0.01ng/Nm3, it is greatly lowered simultaneously The discharge index of HF, HCl, mercury and other heavy metals.
Embodiment provided by the invention is de- by low-temperature plasma reactor and SNCR as can be seen from the above description The waste incinerator that nitre device, active carbon injection apparatus, bag-type dust collector, gas-to-gas heat exchanger and wet process extracting tower are combined The exhaust system of flue gas can realize multiple pollutant (including particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide, dioxin, hydrogen chloride, fluorine Change hydrogen, mercury and other heavy metals) collaboration, be efficiently removed in depth, entire process unit waste water yield is few, energy-saving and emission-reduction, most The minimum discharge of flue gas of garbage furnace is realized eventually.
The present invention also provides a kind of discharge technologies of flue gas of garbage furnace, comprising the following steps:
Step A, denitration
Ammonia water spray is entered boiler internal and mixed with flue gas by SNCR denitration device；The NOx's in ammonia and flue gas in ammonium hydroxide Equivalent proportion is 1.5 to 1.6；
Step B, semidry method removes sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds
It is passed through after the flue gas of step A is cooled down by waste heat boiler to semidry method rotary atomization device, semidry method rotation Spraying device sprays alkaline solution drop；Sour gas and alkaline solution in flue gas occur neutralization reaction and form salt particle；Cigarette Divalent mercuric compounds in gas are formed by curing dusting solid by the contact of alkaline solution particle；
Step C, activated carbon adsorption and dry powder depickling
It is passed through flue by the flue gas of step B, sprays active carbon into the flue gas of flue, active carbon is by two evils in flue gas English and acid gas adsorption；Calcium hydroxide dry powder is sprayed into the flue gas of flue simultaneously, the sour gas in calcium hydroxide and flue gas is sent out Raw acid-base neutralization reaction；
Step D, dedusting
It is passed through by the flue gas of step C to bag filter, bag filter utilizes the dust in filtrate trapping flue gas Grain and active carbon and calcium hydroxide dry powder particle；
Step E, flue gas heat exchange
Into the low of gas-to-gas heat exchanger after the flue gas of step D is passed through to gas-to-gas heat exchanger and reacts with subsequent step G The ultra-clean flue gas of temperature exchanges heat；
Step F, low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant
It is passed through by the flue gas of step E to low-temperature plasma reactor, low-temperature plasma reactor discharges so that in flue gas Pollutant redox reaction or decomposition reaction occurs；
Step G, wet process depickling
It is passed through by the flue gas of step F to wet process extracting tower, gas liquid reaction, removing occurs with lye in wet process extracting tower Sour gas and solid dust particle, obtain ultra-clean flue gas；The ultra-clean flue gas being discharged in step G is passed through to gas-to-gas heat exchanger, Flue gas is discharged after gas-to-gas heat exchanger heats by chimney.
Further, the temperature of flue gas is 850 DEG C to 1100 DEG C at ammonia water spray in the step A.
Further, the discharge type of low-temperature plasma reactor is corona discharge or dielectric impedance in the step F Electric discharge.
Further, the power supply crest voltage of low-temperature plasma reactor is 80KV to 120KV in the step F；It is described The power supply pulsewidth of low-temperature plasma reactor is 0.1 μ s to 1 μ s.
Further, the flue gas of step E discharge residence time in step F low-temperature plasma reactor be 1.8s extremely 2.5s。
Further, the flue gas of step D discharge flue gas flow rate in step E low-temperature plasma reactor is 0.8m/s To 2m/s.
Further, the flue gas of step E discharge air-flow phase during entering step F low-temperature plasma reactor It is 0.1 to 0.2 to root-mean-square deviation.
Further, the step G neutral and alkali solution atomization partial size is 30-50 μm, liquid-gas ratio 10-18L/m3。
It should be appreciated that the technical concepts and features of above-described embodiment only to illustrate the invention, its object is to allow be familiar with this The personage of item technology cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence according to the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of discharge technology of flue gas of garbage furnace, which comprises the following steps:
Step A, denitration
Ammonia water spray is entered boiler internal and mixed with flue gas by SNCR denitration device；The equivalent of the NOx in ammonia and flue gas in ammonium hydroxide Than being 1.5 to 1.6；
Step B, semidry method removes sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds
It is passed through after the flue gas of step A is cooled down by waste heat boiler to semidry method rotary atomization device, semidry method rotating spraying Device sprays alkaline solution drop；Sour gas and alkaline solution in flue gas occur neutralization reaction and form salt particle；In flue gas Divalent mercuric compounds by alkaline solution particle contact be formed by curing dusting solid；
Step C, activated carbon adsorption and dry powder depickling
Be passed through flue by the flue gas of step B, spray active carbon into the flue gas of flue, active carbon by flue gas dioxin and Acid gas adsorption；Calcium hydroxide dry powder is sprayed into the flue gas of flue simultaneously, acid occurs for the sour gas in calcium hydroxide and flue gas Alkali neutralization reaction；
Step D, dedusting
Be passed through by the flue gas of step C to bag filter, bag filter using the dust particles in filtrate trapping flue gas with And active carbon and calcium hydroxide dry powder particle；
Step E, flue gas heat exchange
It is super into the low temperature of gas-to-gas heat exchanger after the flue gas of step D is passed through to gas-to-gas heat exchanger and reacts with subsequent step G Neat stress exchanges heat；
Step F, low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant
It is passed through by the flue gas of step E to low-temperature plasma reactor, low-temperature plasma reactor discharges so that dirt in flue gas It contaminates object and redox reaction or decomposition reaction occurs；
Step G, wet process depickling
It is passed through by the flue gas of step F to wet process extracting tower, gas liquid reaction occurs with lye in wet process extracting tower, removing is acid Gas and solid dust particle, obtain ultra-clean flue gas；The ultra-clean flue gas being discharged in step G is passed through to gas-to-gas heat exchanger, flue gas It is discharged after gas-to-gas heat exchanger heats by chimney.
2. the discharge technology of flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that ammonium hydroxide sprays in the step A The temperature for penetrating place's flue gas is 850 DEG C to 1100 DEG C.
3. the discharge technology of flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that low temperature etc. in the step F The discharge type of ion reactor is corona discharge or dielectric barrier discharge.
4. the discharge technology of flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that low temperature etc. in the step F The power supply crest voltage of ion reactor is 80KV to 120KV；The power supply pulsewidth of the low-temperature plasma reactor be 0.1 μ s extremely 1μs。
5. the discharge technology of flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cigarette of the step E discharge Gas residence time in step F low-temperature plasma reactor is 1.8s to 2.5s.
6. the discharge technology of flue gas of garbage furnace as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the cigarette of the step D discharge Gas flue gas flow rate in step E low-temperature plasma reactor is 0.8m/s to 2m/s.
7. the discharge technology of flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cigarette of the step E discharge The opposite root-mean-square deviation of gas air-flow during entering step F low-temperature plasma reactor is 0.1 to 0.2.
8. the discharge technology of flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step G neutral and alkali is molten Liquid atomizing particle size is 30-50 μm, liquid-gas ratio 10-18L/m3。
9. a kind of exhaust system of flue gas of garbage furnace characterized by comprising sequentially connected incinerator, waste heat boiler Device, semidry method rotary atomization device, bag-type dust collector, gas-to-gas heat exchanger, low-temperature plasma reactor and wet process depickling Tower；SNCR denitration device is equipped in the incinerator；Between the semidry method rotary atomization device and the bag-type dust collector It is connected to by flue, flue is equipped with active carbon flue mixed injection device and dry powder flue mixed injection device；The gas-gas Heat exchanger has hot air intake, heat outlet, cold air import and cold air outlet, and hot air intake passes through pipeline and bag-type dust collector Connection, heat outlet are connect by pipeline with low-temperature plasma reactor, and cold air import is connect by pipeline with wet process extracting tower, Cold air outlet connects chimney by pipeline.
10. the exhaust system of flue gas of garbage furnace as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the out of stock device of SNCR Including twin spray gun, which is connected with ammonium hydroxide supply system, takes off from ammonium hydroxide supply system to SNCR Nitre device provisioning ammonium hydroxide；The semidry method rotary atomization device is using upper air fair current reaction tower；Low-temperature plasma reaction The discharge type of device is corona discharge or dielectric barrier discharge；Wet process extracting tower includes the lye set gradually from bottom to up Layer, spraying layer and absorption demisting layer, the spraying layer connect lye layer by circulating pump, are aspirated in lye layer by circulating pump Then lye sprays downwards.
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