CN103697488A - System for removing PM2.5 (particulate matter 2.5) and sulfur together, and CFB system and method - Google Patents
System for removing PM2.5 (particulate matter 2.5) and sulfur together, and CFB system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103697488A CN103697488A CN201310733395.1A CN201310733395A CN103697488A CN 103697488 A CN103697488 A CN 103697488A CN 201310733395 A CN201310733395 A CN 201310733395A CN 103697488 A CN103697488 A CN 103697488A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for removing PM2.5 (particulate matter 2.5) and sulfur together. The system comprises a high-pressure atomized water wetting device, wherein the high-pressure atomized water wetting device is connected with a smoke outlet; and the wetting device, a demister and a dust collector are sequentially connected to one another. The invention also discloses a circulating fluidized bed system for removing PM2.5 and sulfur together. The circulating fluidized bed system comprises a hearth, wherein the hearth, a cyclone separator, an air preheater, the wetting device, the demister and the dust collector are sequentially connected to one another; and a material returning device is respectively connected with the hearth and the cyclone separator. The invention also discloses a method corresponding to the system. By using the system, the circulating fluidized bed system and the method for removing the PM2.5 and the sulfur together, the sulfur can be removed by wetting while the PM2.5 is removed, the using efficiency of desulfurizing agents is improved, and the using rate of desulfurizing Ca is increased. A test proves that the PM2.5 can be removed by using the method, the secondary desulfurization efficiency is above 50%, and atmospheric pollution is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy-conserving and environment-protective field, especially a kind of cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the system of desulfurization and recirculating fluidized bed (CFB) system and method.
Background technology
PM
2.5refer to that atmosphere medium power diameter is less than or equal to the particle of 2.5 μ m, also referred to as entering lung particle, the PM in atmosphere
2.5in particle, major part is the less particle that diameter is less than 1.0 μ m.After being sucked by breathing by human body due to this fine particulates, can in human respiratory tract, lung and blood, stop for a long time, can not from human body, discharge by modes such as coughs, therefore the health of human body is caused to adverse influence, these fine particulates are also to cause atmospheric visibility to reduce, and form the major reason of haze weather.
PM
2.5formation mainly contain two approach: (1) various industrial process (fire coal, metallurgy, chemical industry, internal combustion engine etc.) are the superfine particulate matter of discharge directly; (2) superfine particulate matter that in atmosphere, secondary forms and aerosol etc.China's primary energy be take coal as main, and a large amount of coal burnings cause serious harm to ecological environment, and have influence on the sustainable development of resource and environment.Except controlling SO
2outside the discharge of NOx, PM
2.5the discharge of suspended particulate substance also can not be ignored.According to statistics, the discharge capacity of current national flyash has reached 1.5 hundred million t, although the efficiency of dust collection of existing dust arrester generally can be up to more than 99%, existing cleaner is relatively low to the capture rate of ultra-fine flying dust, approximately there is 1% flying dust to enter atmosphere, form the major part of atmospheric aerosol.
The sulfur oxide contamination of China is serious, and electric power and coal are the main industries that cause acid rain and sulfur dioxide pollution.
Recirculating fluidized bed (CFB) is a new generation's efficient, low pollution clean burning technology that fast development is got up in the world in recent years, its main feature is that fuel and desulfurizing agent are through repeatedly circulation, carry out repeatedly low-temperature burning and desulphurization reaction, in stove, turbulent motion is strong, not only can reach 90% desulfuration efficiency, low NOx, the discharge efficiency of combustion close with coal-powder boiler, and have that fuel tolerance is wide, load adjustment ability good, lime-ash is easy to the features such as comprehensive utilization.
At present, the application of China's CFBB is more and more extensive, and CFBC is famous with clean and effective, but the PM of its discharge
2.5can not ignore, and existing desulfurization efficiency of circulating fluidized bed boiler does not reach best, the SO of escape
2and the gas such as NOx can in atmosphere, form sulfate or nitrate becomes PM
2.5form source.
For recirculating fluidized bed (CFB), due to the cause of sulfate product obstruction hole, cause the CaO of granule interior by closely knit product layer, wrapped up and cannot participate in reaction; For the less sorbent particle of particle diameter, although the little particle of particle diameter has larger specific area, be conducive to gas-solid desulphurization reaction in stove, granule is difficult to separated device and catches separation, and shorter residing time in furnace cannot make desulfurizing agent acquisition make full use of; These limitation have caused the calcium utilization of CFBB lower (20% ~ 45%), and desulfurizing agent over half does not participate in desulphurization reaction.And because granule is not easy to be captured, cause dust collector efficiency low.
Steam phase transforming know-why is: in supersaturated vapor environment, steam be take subparticle and undergone phase transition as the nuclei of condensation, and grain graininess increases, and is in contact with one another collision simultaneously coalescence phenomenon occurs between particle, and subparticle particle diameter and quality are all enlarged markedly.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the system of desulfurization.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the circulating fluidized bed system of desulfurization.
Another object of the present invention is also to provide a kind of cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the method for desulfurization.
Another object of the present invention is also said method to use in recirculating fluidized bed.
A kind of cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the system of desulfurization, comprise the high-pressure atomization water humidifying device being connected with exhanst gas outlet, wherein humidifying device is connected successively with demister, deduster.
Wherein, the cooperation-removal PM of said system
2.5and sweetening process is: from the flue gas of exhanst gas outlet, enter high-pressure atomization water humidifying device, on the one hand, steam reaches capacity and with PM
2.5particulate is that the nuclei of condensation undergo phase transition, thereby makes PM
2.5particle size increases, and produces diffusion and warm-up movement simultaneously, impels dust-laden particle mutually to collide the condense step-length of going forward side by side of contact large, and the dust-laden drop after growing up can catch by demister, and removes PM with demister
2.5(for example, flushing water rinses and removes), part dust-laden drop enters deduster, by deduster, further removes PM
2.5; On the other hand, through the high-pressure atomization water spray of humidifying device, the CaSO of parcel CaO
4particle breaks after high-pressure atomization water, inner CaO exposed in flue gas and with flue gas in SO
2or SO
3reaction generates CaSO
4, reduced SO
2discharge, also avoided oxysulfide further to form PM
2.5.
Recirculating fluidized bed (CFB) system of a kind of cooperation-removal PM2.5 and desulfurization, comprise burner hearth, wherein, burner hearth, cyclone separator, air preheater, high-pressure atomization water humidifying device, demister, deduster are connected successively, and material returning device is connected with cyclone separator with burner hearth respectively.
Wherein, the cooperation-removal PM of said system
2.5and sweetening process is: coal dust is at stove chamber inner combustion, the flue gas generating enters cyclone separator through burner hearth, large particulate matter is back to burner hearth by the separated process of cyclone separator material returning device and burns away, finely ground particle substance passes through air preheater after cyclone separator, enter again high-pressure atomization water humidifying device, on the one hand, steam reaches capacity and with PM
2.5particulate is that the nuclei of condensation undergo phase transition, thereby makes PM
2.5particle size increases, and produces diffusion and warm-up movement simultaneously, impels dust-laden particle mutually to collide the condense step-length of going forward side by side of contact large, and the dust-laden drop after growing up can catch by demister, and removes PM with demister
2.5(for example, flushing water rinses and removes), part dust-laden drop enters deduster, by deduster, further removes PM
2.5; On the other hand, through the high-pressure atomization water spray of humidifying device, the CaSO of parcel CaO
4particle breaks after high-pressure atomization water, inner CaO exposed in flue gas and with flue gas in SO
2or SO
3reaction generates CaSO
4, reduced SO
2discharge, also avoided oxysulfide further to form PM
2.5.
Further preferred cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the circulating fluidized bed system of desulfurization, be also included between cyclone separator and air preheater and be also provided with back-end surfaces, for reducing exhaust gas temperature, reduce thermal pollution, save fuel, improve the thermal efficiency.This preferred system, the difference of cooperation-removal PM2.5 and sweetening process and said process is, finely ground particle substance enters back-end surfaces after cyclone separator, then by entering high-pressure atomization water humidifying device after air preheater.
A kind of cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the method for desulfurization, comprising:
(1) desulfurizing agent adopts calcium carbonate, flue gas after high-pressure atomization water humidifying device high-pressure atomization humidification, PM
2.5there is condensation growth; The CaSO of parcel CaO
4particle breaks after high-pressure atomization water, inner CaO exposed and with flue gas in SO
2or SO
3reaction generates CaSO
4;
(2) PM growing up
2.5particle enters demister, by demister, is caught and removes, and part dust-laden drop enters deduster and further removes PM
2.5, CaSO
4by demister and deduster, removed.
Further, the high pressure of above-mentioned high-pressure atomization is preferably 0.5-1MPa, PM
2.5removal efficiency and again desulfuration efficiency are better.
The preferred use amount of above-mentioned desulfurizing agent is that Ca/S mass ratio is 2 ~ 3.
Amount of humidification in above-mentioned humidifying device is preferably H
2o/Ca quality is 20 ~ 30 than scope.
After above-mentioned humidification, flue-gas temperature scope is preferably 108 ~ 121 ℃.
Preferably, the water adding in above-mentioned humidifying device is for containing 1% ~ 2%H
2o
2the aqueous solution of mass percent concentration, is preferably 2%H
2o
2.
In said method, preferably flue-gas temperature is above to guarantee that deduster normally moves higher than flue gas acid dew point temperature 10-15 degree.
Said method can in recirculating fluidized bed (CFB) for cooperation-removal PM
2.5and desulfurization.
The invention provides a kind of cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the system of desulfurization, removing PM
2.5time, by humidification, desulfurization again, improves the service efficiency of desulfurizing agent, has improved the utilization rate of desulfurization Ca, through test, confirms, and native system can be realized PM
2.5remove, desulfuration efficiency reaches more than 50% again.
Existing CFB system, although desulfuration efficiency is pretty good, but do not reach best, in addition sulfate product stops up hole, causes the CaO of granule interior cannot be participated in reaction by closely knit product layer parcel, for the less sorbent particle of particle diameter, although the particle that particle diameter is little has larger specific area, be conducive to gas-solid desulphurization reaction in stove, but granule is difficult to separated device, catch separation, shorter residing time in furnace cannot make desulfurizing agent acquisition make full use of; These limitation have caused the calcium utilization of CFBB lower (20%-45%), and desulfurizing agent over half does not participate in desulphurization reaction.And because granule is not easy to be captured, cause dust collector efficiency low.
For above problem, CFB system of the present invention, mainly realizes its sweetening process by spraying into lime stone, and desulfuration efficiency is higher, the CaSO of parcel CaO
4particle breaks after high-pressure atomization water, inner CaO exposed and with flue gas in SO
2or SO
3reaction generates CaSO
4, reduced SO
2discharge, avoided oxysulfide further to form PM
2.5, improved the utilization rate of desulfurization Ca.Pass through high pressure, desulfurizing agent use amount, amount of humidification, add H
2o
2isoparametric optimization, desulfuration efficiency reaches more than 50% again.
CFB system of the present invention, its main PM
2.5source comprises molecule and the SO forming in coal combustion process
2, the aerosol that generates of NOx reaction.When the steam in flue gas reaches capacity state, just the molecule of can take undergoes phase transition as the nuclei of condensation, thereby particle size is increased, produce diffusion and warm-up movement simultaneously, impel dust-laden particle mutually to collide the condense step-length of going forward side by side of contact large, dust-laden drop after growing up can catch by demister, and part dust-laden drop is easy to remove by conventional deduster, for PM
2.5remove good effect.Optimization through to native system pressure and other parameters, can realize PM
2.5remove.
Accordingly, cooperation-removal PM of the present invention
2.5and the method for desulfurization, removing PM
2.5time, by humidification, desulfurization again, improves the service efficiency of desulfurizing agent, has improved the utilization rate of desulfurization Ca, through test, confirms, and this method can realize PM
2.5remove, desulfuration efficiency reaches more than 50% again, has reduced greatly atmosphere pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the system of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the system of embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the desulfurized effect curve map of different initial Ca/S mass ratioes.
Fig. 4 is different H
2the desulfurized effect curve map of O/Ca mass ratio.
Fig. 5 adopts different H
2o
2the desulfurized effect curve map of the aqueous solution of mass percent concentration.
Wherein, 1-burner hearth, 2-cyclone separator, 3-material returning device, 4-back-end surfaces, 5-air preheater, 6-high-pressure atomization water humidifying device, 7-demister, 8-deduster.
The specific embodiment
Disclosed all features in this description, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this description (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing), unless narration especially all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is,, unless narration especially, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or similar characteristics.
System and the result of use of 1 one kinds of cooperation-removal PM2.5 of embodiment and desulfurization
Be illustrated in figure 1 the cooperation-removal PM2.5 of the present embodiment and the system of desulfurization, comprise the high-pressure atomization water humidifying device 6 being connected with exhanst gas outlet, humidifying device 6 is connected with demister 7, demister 7 is connected with deduster 8.From the flue gas of exhanst gas outlet, enter humidifying device 6, enter demister 7, then enter deduster 8 by demister 7, discharge.
The cooperation-removal PM of system described in the present embodiment
2.5and sweetening process is: from the flue gas of exhanst gas outlet, enter high-pressure atomization water humidifying device, on the one hand, steam reaches capacity and with PM
2.5particulate is that the nuclei of condensation undergo phase transition, thereby makes PM
2.5particle size increases, and produces diffusion and warm-up movement simultaneously, impels dust-laden particle mutually to collide the condense step-length of going forward side by side of contact large, and the dust-laden drop after growing up can catch by demister, and removes PM with the flushing of mist eliminator flushing water
2.5, part dust-laden drop enters deduster, by deduster, further removes PM
2.5; On the other hand, through the high-pressure atomization water spray of humidifying device, the CaSO of parcel CaO
4particle breaks after high-pressure atomization water, inner CaO exposed in flue gas and with flue gas in SO
2or SO
3reaction generates CaSO
4, reduced SO
2discharge, also avoided oxysulfide further to form PM
2.5.
Circulating fluidized bed system and the result of use of 2 one kinds of cooperation-removal PM2.5 of embodiment and desulfurization
Be illustrated in figure 2 the cooperation-removal PM2.5 of the present embodiment and the circulating fluidized bed system of desulfurization, comprise burner hearth 1, wherein, burner hearth 1 is connected with cyclone separator 2, and cyclone separator 2 is connected with material returning device 3, and material returning device 3 is connected with burner hearth 1 again; Cyclone separator is also connected successively with back-end surfaces 4, air preheater 5, high-pressure atomization water humidifying device 6, demister 7, deduster 8.
Wherein, the cooperation-removal PM of the present embodiment system
2.5and sweetening process is: coal dust is at stove chamber inner combustion, the flue gas generating enters cyclone separator through burner hearth, large particulate matter is back to burner hearth by the separated process of cyclone separator material returning device and burns away, finely ground particle substance enters back-end surfaces after cyclone separator, then by entering high-pressure atomization water humidifying device after air preheater.On the one hand, steam reaches capacity and with PM
2.5particulate is that the nuclei of condensation undergo phase transition, thereby makes PM
2.5particle size increases, and produces diffusion and warm-up movement simultaneously, impels dust-laden particle mutually to collide the condense step-length of going forward side by side of contact large, and the dust-laden drop after growing up can catch by demister, and removes PM with the flushing water flushing of demister
2.5, part dust-laden drop enters deduster, by deduster, further removes PM
2.5; On the other hand, through the high-pressure atomization water spray of humidifying device, the CaSO of parcel CaO
4particle breaks after high-pressure atomization water, inner CaO exposed in flue gas and with flue gas in SO
2or SO
3reaction generates CaSO
4, demister and deduster are by CaSO
4remove, reduced SO
2discharge, also avoided oxysulfide further to form PM
2.5.
A kind of cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the method for desulfurization, step is as follows:
(1) flue gas (passes through 2%H through high-pressure atomization water humidifying device high-pressure atomization humidification
2o
2the atomized water solution humidification of mass percent), after humidification, PM
2.5there is condensation growth; Desulfurizing agent adopts calcium carbonate, the CaSO of parcel CaO
4particle breaks after high-pressure atomization water, inner CaO exposed and with flue gas in SO
2or SO
3reaction generates CaSO
4, the use amount of calcium carbonate is that initial Ca/S mass ratio is 2.5, the high-pressure atomization amount of humidification of humidifying device is H
2o/Ca quality is 25 than scope;
(2) after humidification, flue-gas temperature is 115 ℃, the PM growing up
2.5particle enters demister, by demister, is caught and removes, and part dust-laden drop enters deduster and further removes PM
2.5; Demister and deduster are by CaSO
4remove.
The initial Ca/S mass ratio of embodiment 4 removes PM to desulfurizing agent
2.5the impact of effect
Utilize the device of embodiment 2 and the method for embodiment 3 to remove test, test arranges 3 processed group, and basic experimental conditions is all consistent with embodiment 3, and different is, the initial Ca/S mass ratio of processed group 1-3 is set to respectively 1,2,3, and result as shown in Figure 3.
From the result of Fig. 3, can find out, compare with processed group 1, the desulfurized effect of the initial Ca/S mass ratio of processed group 2 and processed group 3 is preferably.
Analyze:
Along with initial Ca/S is than increasing, desulfuration efficiency has very significantly to be increased, but crosses the waste that conference causes desulfurizing agent, affect entire system economy, and CFB should reach higher desulfuration efficiency, the wearing and tearing of increase heating surface within reason again in actual motion.
Embodiment 5 H
2o/Ca is to desulfurization and remove PM
2.5the impact of effect
Utilize the device of embodiment 2 and the method for embodiment 3 to remove test, test arranges 3 processed group and 1 control group, and the experiment condition of processed group and control group all basic and embodiment 3 is consistent, and different is, control group is not carry out humidification, the H of processed group 1
2o/Ca mass ratio is 10, the H of processed group 2
2o/Ca mass ratio is 20, the H of processed group 3
2o/Ca mass ratio is 30.The result of desulfurized effect as shown in Figure 4.
From the interpretation of result of Fig. 4, in the Desulphurization in recirculating fluidized bed (CFB) system, there is active remaining CaO, but substantially do not there is desulphurizing ability under drying regime, after its humidification, Desulphurization shows the ability of desulfurization again.And the H of humidification
2the result tool that O/Ca compares desulfurization again has a certain impact, along with H
2the increase of O/Ca ratio, desulfurized effect also improves, but at H
2o/Ca mass ratio is increased to after 20, and desulfurized effect remains unchanged.
Embodiment 6 H
2o
2to desulfurization with remove PM
2.5the impact of effect
Utilize the device of embodiment 2 and the method for embodiment 3 to remove test, test arranges 4 groups, 3 processed group and 1 control group, and the experiment condition of processed group and control group all basic and embodiment 3 is consistent, and different, control group adds 0%H
2o
2the aqueous solution (that is: add pure water), processed group 1 adds 0.5%H
2o
2the aqueous solution of mass percent concentration, processed group 2 adds 1%H
2o
2the aqueous solution of mass percent concentration, processed group 3 adds 2%H
2o
2the aqueous solution of mass percent concentration.The result of desulfurized effect as shown in Figure 5.
From the result of Fig. 5, hydrogen peroxide (H
2o
2) solution has impact to humidification desulfurization efficiency, due to hydrogen peroxide (H
2o
2) strong oxidizing property, along with hydrogen peroxide (H
2o
2) also corresponding being increased of increase desulfuration efficiency of solution concentration, when adding the hydrogen peroxide (H of 1%-2%
2o
2), desulfurized effect will reach increase substantially and difference little, industrial hydrogen peroxide (H in addition
2o
2) cheap, so add appropriate hydrogen peroxide (H
2o
2) strengthening tail flue gas humidification desulfurization has feasibility.
The present invention is not limited to the aforesaid specific embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination disclosing in this manual, and the arbitrary new method disclosing or step or any new combination of process.
Claims (10)
1. a cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the system of desulfurization, it is characterized in that, comprise the high-pressure atomization water humidifying device being connected with exhanst gas outlet, wherein humidifying device, demister, deduster connect successively.
2. a cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the CFB system of desulfurization, it is characterized in that, comprise burner hearth, wherein, burner hearth, cyclone separator, air preheater, high-pressure atomization water humidifying device, demister, deduster are connected successively, and material returning device is connected with cyclone separator with burner hearth respectively.
3. a kind of cooperation-removal PM as claimed in claim 2
2.5and the CFB system of desulfurization, it is characterized in that, between described cyclone separator and air preheater, be also provided with back-end surfaces.
4. a cooperation-removal PM
2.5and the method for desulfurization, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) desulfurizing agent adopts calcium carbonate, flue gas after high-pressure atomization water humidifying device high-pressure atomization humidification, PM
2.5there is condensation growth; The CaSO of parcel CaO
4particle breaks after high-pressure atomization water, inner CaO exposed and with flue gas in SO
2or SO
3reaction generates CaSO
4;
(2) PM growing up
2.5particle enters demister, by demister, is caught and removes, and part dust-laden drop enters deduster and further removes PM
2.5, CaSO
4by demister and deduster, removed.
5. cooperation-removal PM as claimed in claim 4
2.5and the method for desulfurization, it is characterized in that, described high pressure is 0.5 ~ 1Mpa.
6. cooperation-removal PM as claimed in claim 4
2.5and the method for desulfurization, it is characterized in that, the use amount of described desulfurizing agent calcium carbonate is that initial Ca/S mass ratio is 2 ~ 3.
7. cooperation-removal PM as claimed in claim 4
2.5and the method for desulfurization, it is characterized in that, the amount of humidification in described humidifying device is H
2o/Ca mass ratio is 20 ~ 30.
8. cooperation-removal PM as claimed in claim 4
2.5and the method for desulfurization, it is characterized in that, the flue-gas temperature after described humidification is: 108 ~ 121 ℃.
9. cooperation-removal PM as claimed in claim 4
2.5and the method for desulfurization, it is characterized in that, the water adding in described humidifying device is for containing mass percentage concentration 1%-2%H
2o
2the aqueous solution.
10. cooperation-removal PM as claimed in claim 4
2.5and the method for desulfurization, it is characterized in that, the water adding in described humidifying device is for containing mass percentage concentration 2%H
2o
2the aqueous solution.
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| CN106582286A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-04-26 | 福建龙净脱硫脱硝工程有限公司 | Flue gas purifying device and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106582286A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-04-26 | 福建龙净脱硫脱硝工程有限公司 | Flue gas purifying device and method |
| CN106582286B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2022-12-13 | 福建龙净脱硫脱硝工程有限公司 | Flue gas purification device and method |
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