CN103933838A - Pollutant combined removal device and method through recycling of chlorine in coal - Google Patents
Pollutant combined removal device and method through recycling of chlorine in coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN103933838A CN103933838A CN201310020027.2A CN201310020027A CN103933838A CN 103933838 A CN103933838 A CN 103933838A CN 201310020027 A CN201310020027 A CN 201310020027A CN 103933838 A CN103933838 A CN 103933838A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pollutant combined removal device and method through recycling of chlorine in coal. The pollutant combined removal device comprises a boiler, a SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration device, an air preheater, a dust remover, a desulfurization tower, a chimney, and a slurry pump II, wherein the boiler is connected with the SCR denitration device, the SCR denitration device is connected with the dust remover by the air preheater, the dust remover is connected with the desulfurization tower, and the desulfurization tower is connected with the chimney. The pollutant combined removal device also comprises a desulfurization wastewater storage box, an atomizing nozzle, a wastewater conditioning tank, and an air compressor, wherein the atomizing nozzle is arranged on a connection pipeline between the SCR denitration device and the air preheater and connected with the wastewater conditioning tank by the slurry pump II, the air compressor is connected with the atomizing nozzle, and the desulfurization wastewater storage box is connected with the desulfurization tower and the wastewater conditioning tank which is filled with strong base. The removal of mercury in fume is facilitated, meanwhile the PH value of the chlorine-rich desulfurization wastewater can be adjusted, so that the desulfurization wastewater is effectively utilized and the removal efficiency of SO3 in fume is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to elemental mercury oxidation in Gypsum Wet fire coal boiler fume, remove with the degree of depth and fix, and the pollutant removing technical field such as sulfur trioxide, dust, relate in particular to chlorine element in a kind of coal and recycle the device and method of realizing pollutant combined removal.
Background technology
Mercury is the first kinds of pollution matter that atmosphere Poisoning is very strong, can damage the mankind's nervous system.Coal-fired boiler in power plant fume emission is the main source of mercury in atmosphere.Mercury in flue gas mainly with elemental mercury (Hg
0), oxidation state mercury (Hg
2+) and particle mercury (Hg
p) three kinds of forms exist, wherein oxidation state mercury and particle mercury are easily removed by conventional pollutant control appliance, and not oxidized elemental mercury pollutes because it is difficult to be effectively controlled be discharged in atmosphere compared with strong stability and slightly solubility.
Research discovery, in coal, the chlorine element of trace is conducive to conversion and flying dust absorption and the fixation to mercury of gaseous elemental mercury to oxidation state mercury.In flue gas, the mercury of oxidation state is mainly with mercury chloride (HgCl
2) form exist, utilize thermodynamical model
[1]under oxidizing atmosphere, at 2ppm Cl, 20ppm Cl, the analog result that under the different content of Cl element of 200ppm Cl, in coal, mercury shape variation with temperature is carried out, as shown in Figure 1.Result shows that mercury exists with chloride form under low temperature (being less than 650K), under high temperature (being greater than 650K), exists with elemental mercury; In flue gas, content of Cl element is larger, and mercury chloride is wider as the temperature range of stable phase.China's chlorine content in coal is lower, has limited the oxidation of elemental mercury in flue gas.Therefore the content that, improves chlorine element in flue gas in suitable temperature province is conducive to improve the removal efficiency of mercury in flue gas.
Oxidation state mercury may reside in gas phase, also can be adsorbed onto flying dust surface and form particle mercury.Chlorine element and calcium constituent are conducive to the absorption of oxidation state mercury on flying dust surface.The particle mercury that is adsorbed on flying dust surface has higher stability, is difficult to desorption out at normal temperatures, and under 200 DEG C of heating, desorption rate also only has 20% left and right.Therefore be adsorbed on particle mercury that flying dust surface obtains removing with cleaner and obtain the degree of depth and fix, can not cause secondary pollution.
Wet desulfurization of flue gas by limestone-gypsum method technique (WFGD) is the means of flue gas desulfurization of power plant technology being most widely used at present, in wet method fume desulfurizing system running, chlorion has enrichment phenomenon in desulphurization circulating slurries, in its desulfurization wastewater, chlorine ion concentration is enriched to while being about 20g/L, must continuous blow-down draw desulphurization system.In waste water, contain a large amount of calcium ions, sulfate ion and chlorion.In addition, desulfurization wastewater has acid large, and heavy metal ion and suspension content high need to could discharge through complicated chemical treatment.It is high that desulfurization wastewater processing at present has processing cost, and discharge causes secondary pollution problems.
The discharge of PM2.5 causes very big harm to human health, is the difficult problem in coal-burning power plant's pollutant control.The PM2.5 of coal-burning power plant discharge is divided into can filtering particle (PM) and condensable particle (secondary PM) two classes, wherein can filtering particle and the ratio of condensable particle be 1:3.And the main source of condensable particle is SO in flue gas
2the SO that partial oxidation forms
3with the sulfuric acid aerosol that moisture in flue gas forms, research is found in addition, the SO of the introducing of SCR denitrating catalyst in also can catalysis flue gas
2be oxidized to SO
3.Electrostatic precipitation and bag-type dust can not remove this part sulfuric acid aerosol particle, and WFGD is to SO
3removal efficiency is lower, causes PM2.5 to remove difficulty, conventionally need to after WFGD, add wet static dedusting (WESP) and remove sulfuric acid aerosol particle.SO
3acid mist causes corrosion to downstream flue and equipment, has increased the weight of the discharge of PM2.5 condensable particle simultaneously.Research finds that dry method flue gas desulfur device can effectively remove SO
3, realize SO except add WESP after WFGD
3remove outside, WFGD upstream add dry method FGD be also realize remove flue gas in SO
3effective ways.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve prior art above shortcomings, provides chlorine element in a kind of coal to recycle the device of realizing pollutant combined removal; Promote removing of mercury in flue gas, by regulating the pH value of rich chlorine desulfurization wastewater, realize effective utilization of desulfurization wastewater and improve SO in flue gas simultaneously
3the method of removal efficiency.
The present invention also provides chlorine element in a kind of coal to recycle the pollutant combined removal method that realizes.
The object of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
In a kind of coal, chlorine element recycles the device of realizing pollutant combined removal, comprise boiler, SCR(Selective Catalytic Reducation, be selective catalytic reduction) denitrification apparatus, air preheater, deduster, desulfurizing tower, chimney, slush pump II, described boiler is connected with SCR denitrification apparatus, between SCR denitrification apparatus and deduster, be connected by air preheater, deduster is connected with desulfurizing tower, desulfurizing tower is connected with chimney, also comprise desulfurization wastewater storage tank, atomizer, the modified tank of waste water, air compressor machine, atomizer is located in the connecting pipe between CR denitrification apparatus and air preheater, atomizer is connected with the modified tank of waste water by slush pump II, air compressor machine is connected with atomizer, desulfurization wastewater storage tank is connected with desulfurizing tower, desulfurization wastewater storage tank is connected with the modified tank of waste water, in the modified tank of waste water, be provided with highly basic.Desulfurization slurry in desulfurizing tower is obtained desulfurated plaster and is stored in the desulfurization wastewater in desulfurization wastewater storage tank by separating measure.
Desulfurizing tower adopts Limestone-gypsum Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Process tower.Highly basic adopts calcium hydroxide.
Pipeline between the modified tank of desulfurization wastewater storage tank and waste water is provided with slush pump I.
Shown in waste water pH value >=8 after modified in the modified tank of waste water.
In coal, chlorine element recycles a method that realizes pollutant combined removal, comprises the following steps:
1) in the modified tank of waste water, add calcium hydroxide modified, waste water pH value >=8 after modified;
2) waste water after modified is ejected into the position between flue SCR denitrification apparatus and air preheater by atomizer, regulates compressed air and wastewater flow, control atomization droplets diameter, ensure atomized drop moisture evaporate to dryness in setting-up time.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. realize recycling of chlorine element in coal, given full play to chlorine element and removed the effect in performance improving Mercury In Coal Combustion Flue Gas, solved in China's subbituminous coal and brown coal content of Cl element on the low side, the problem of elemental mercury emission control difficulty in flue gas;
2. improve the content of Cl element in back-end ductwork flue gas and do not increased the content of Cl element in burner hearth flue gas, avoided the corrosion of chlorine element to furnace heating surface;
3. improved SO
3removal efficiency, has solved coal-burning power plant SO after SCR denitrification apparatus has been installed
3the problem that discharge is increased;
4. equipment investment is few, takes up room little;
5. promote the removal efficiency of deduster to particle, reduced the water consumption of WFGD;
6. this method realizes changing waste into resources utilization, and the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another has good economy and environmental benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the impact of chlorinity on mercury shape and distribution;
Fig. 2 is process chart of the present invention;
In figure: 1. boiler, 2.SCR denitrification apparatus, 3. atomizer, 4. air preheater, 5. deduster, 6. desulfurizing tower, 7. chimney, 8. desulfurization wastewater storage tank, 9. desulfurated plaster, 10. slush pump I, the modified tank of 11. waste water, 12. slush pump II, 13. air compressor machines.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
In a kind of coal, chlorine element recycles the device of realizing pollutant combined removal, in conjunction with Fig. 2, comprise boiler 1, SCR denitrification apparatus 2, air preheater 4, deduster 5, desulfurizing tower 6, chimney 7, slush pump II 12, described boiler 1 is connected with SCR denitrification apparatus 2, between SCR denitrification apparatus 2 and deduster 5, be connected by air preheater 4, deduster 5 is connected with desulfurizing tower 6, desulfurizing tower 6 is connected with chimney 7, also comprise desulfurization wastewater storage tank 8, atomizer 3, the modified tank 11 of waste water, air compressor machine 13, atomizer 3 is located in the connecting pipe between CR denitrification apparatus 2 and air preheater 4, atomizer 3 is connected by the modified tank 11 of slush pump II 12 and waste water, air compressor machine 13 is connected with atomizer 3, desulfurization wastewater storage tank 8 is connected with desulfurizing tower 6, desulfurization wastewater storage tank 8 is connected with the modified tank 11 of waste water, in the modified tank 11 of waste water, be provided with highly basic, desulfurizing tower 6 adopts Limestone-gypsum Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Process tower.Highly basic adopts calcium hydroxide.Desulfurization slurry in desulfurizing tower 6 is obtained desulfurated plaster 9 and is stored in the desulfurization wastewater in desulfurization wastewater storage tank 8 by separating measure.Pipeline between the modified tank 11 of desulfurization wastewater storage tank 8 and waste water is provided with slush pump I 10.Waste water pH value >=8 in the modified tank 11 of waste water.
In coal, chlorine element recycles a method that realizes pollutant combined removal, comprises the following steps:
1) in the modified tank 11 of waste water, add calcium hydroxide modified, waste water pH value >=8 after modified;
2) waste water after modified is ejected into the position between flue SCR denitrification apparatus and air preheater by atomizer, regulates compressed air and wastewater flow, control atomization droplets diameter, ensure atomized drop moisture evaporate to dryness in setting-up time.
Coal dust sprays and enters in boiler 1 through burner, at high temperature burning, and the mercury element in coal and chlorine Element release are in flue gas.At high temperature most of mercury is separated out with elemental mercury form, and along with boiler heating surface heat absorption, flue-gas temperature reduces gradually, and the effect of SCR denitrification apparatus 2 catalyst, and Partial Elements state mercury is oxidized to oxidation state mercury.Before air preheater 4, flue-gas temperature probably drops between 600K-700K.In this position, the modified slurries of desulfurization wastewater that wet desulfurization of flue gas by limestone-gypsum method technique is produced are ejected in flue by the atomizer 3 being arranged in flue, the drop that waste water is small dissolves the partial oxidation state mercury in flue gas, simultaneously, moisture evaporates rapidly, most of oxidation state mercury in waste water under calcium ion and chlorion effect, condenses in waste water and evaporates on the fine particle of separating out or with fine particle and be adsorbed onto on burned-coal fly ash simultaneously.Meanwhile, the chloride being adsorbed on flying dust has important catalysed oxidn to the elemental mercury in flue gas, promotes that the elemental mercury in flue gas is converted into oxidation state mercury.What these oxidation state mercury had is adsorbed on burned-coal fly ash, in deduster 5, together remove with flying dust together with the oxidation state mercury catching by dissolving evaporation and condensation process, small part rests in gas phase and under the cleaning function of wet desulfurization of flue gas by limestone-gypsum method device 6, enters in the desulfurization wastewater or gypsum 9 in desulfurization wastewater storage tank 8.The oxidation state mercury that part does not have oxidized elemental mercury and few part not to remove by wet desulphurization device 6 is stayed in flue gas and is discharged in atmosphere through chimney 7.
SO in flue gas
2catalytic oxidation partial oxygen through SCR denitrification apparatus 2 catalyst changes into SO
3, at spraying place of the modified slurries of desulfurization wastewater, most of SO
3with part SO less
2be adsorbed onto in slurries, along with the evaporation of slurries is fixed on flying dust and removes through deduster with the form of calcium sulfate.
Coal combustion produces the chlorine element evaporateing in flue gas after hydrogen chloride and desulfurization wastewater spraying and enters in wet desulfurization of flue gas by limestone-gypsum method device 6 with flue gas, the sour gas SO in flue gas
2, HCl etc. enter in desulfurization wastewater in washing process, SO
2producing calcium sulfate by reaction constantly separates out and forms gypsum and removed, constantly enrichment in waste water of chlorion.In waste water, the too high meeting of content of Cl element causes corrosion to affect the quality of desulfurated plaster on desulfurizing tower simultaneously, and relevant technologies specification all exceedes the criterion of 20000mg/L as desulfurization wastewater discharge using content of Cl element in desulfurization wastewater.This part desulfurization wastewater is transported in the modified tank 11 of waste water through slush pump 10, adjusts waste water pH value to 8.0 by add calcium hydroxide in waste water.Be transported to through slush pump 12 atomizer 3 being arranged in flue through modified waste water, the compressed-air actuated effect producing at air compressor machine 13 mists and changes into drop and be ejected in flue gas.Control the particle diameter that enters the compressed air of atomizer 3 and waste water slurry hydraulic coupling and control atomized drop by air compressor machine 13 and slush pump 12, ensure that drop can be rapidly by evaporate to dryness in flue gas.
In whole technique from burner hearth 1 until SCR denitrification apparatus 2, content of Cl element in flue gas does not change, only have atomizer 3 to improve to the chlorine concentration of element in the flue gas of one section of 5 porch of limestone-gypsum desulphurization system, and this part flue-gas temperature is just in time the optimum temperature of the absorption of mercury in flue gas element and catalytic oxidation, in flue gas, the raising of chlorine element has greatly promoted absorption and the catalytic oxidation of mercury in flue gas pollutant on flying dust surface, has improved the control of 5 and 6 pairs of mercury contaminants of the conventional pollutant control device in coal-burning power plant.Coal combustion precipitate into chlorine element in flue gas and constantly supplements and be adsorbed on the chlorine element that obtains on flying dust removing and in cyclic process, form a kind of dynamic equilibrium.Chlorine element a small amount of in coal has been brought into play to the utmost the effect that removes mercury in flue gas pollutant in the situation that equipment not being impacted.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendments that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. in a coal, chlorine element recycles the device of realizing pollutant combined removal, comprise boiler, SCR denitrification apparatus, air preheater, deduster, desulfurizing tower, chimney, slush pump II, described boiler is connected with SCR denitrification apparatus, between SCR denitrification apparatus and deduster, be connected by air preheater, deduster is connected with desulfurizing tower, desulfurizing tower is connected with chimney, it is characterized in that, also comprise desulfurization wastewater storage tank, atomizer, the modified tank of waste water, air compressor machine, atomizer is located in the connecting pipe between CR denitrification apparatus and air preheater, atomizer is connected with the modified tank of waste water by slush pump II, air compressor machine is connected with atomizer, desulfurization wastewater storage tank is connected with desulfurizing tower, desulfurization wastewater storage tank is connected with the modified tank of waste water, in the modified tank of waste water, be provided with highly basic.
2. in coal as claimed in claim 1, chlorine element recycles the device of realizing pollutant combined removal, it is characterized in that, described desulfurizing tower adopts Limestone-gypsum Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Process tower.
3. chlorine element recycles the device of realizing pollutant combined removal in coal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described highly basic adopts calcium hydroxide.
4. in coal as claimed in claim 1, chlorine element recycles the device of realizing pollutant combined removal, it is characterized in that, the pipeline between described desulfurization wastewater storage tank and the modified tank of waste water is provided with slush pump I.
5. in coal as claimed in claim 1, chlorine element recycles the device of realizing pollutant combined removal, it is characterized in that, shown in waste water pH value >=8 after modified in the modified tank of waste water.
6. in coal, chlorine element recycles a method that realizes pollutant combined removal, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) in the modified tank of waste water, add calcium hydroxide modified, waste water pH value >=8 after modified;
2) waste water after modified is ejected into the position between flue SCR denitrification apparatus and air preheater by atomizer, regulates compressed air and wastewater flow, control atomization droplets diameter, ensure atomized drop moisture evaporate to dryness in setting-up time.
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