CN106581308A - 一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
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- A23F3/16—Tea extraction; Tea extracts; Treating tea extract; Making instant tea
- A23F3/18—Extraction of water soluble tea constituents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/82—Theaceae (Tea family), e.g. camellia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation or decoction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
- A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,包括步骤为:提取、碱沉、酸溶、萃取、脱咖和减压干燥,得到茶叶提取物。本发明使用食品级沉淀剂及有机酸来进行碱沉、酸溶工序,碱沉终点偏中性,使用吸附剂脱除咖啡因,避免使用氯仿等有毒试剂,能够解决现有技术提取过程中氧化严重、有毒金属离子残留等问题,该制备方法工艺流程简单,条件温和,生产成本低,安全无污染,适合大规模工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药与茶叶加工领域,特别是涉及一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法。
背景技术
心脑健片(胶囊)具有清利头目,醒神健脑,化浊降脂功能。用于头晕目眩,胸闷气短,倦怠乏力,精神不振,记忆力减退等症,用于高血脂症、高血压病、冠心病、脑动脉硬化及其他伴有高凝状态的疾病。对心血管病伴高纤维蛋白原症及动脉粥样硬化,肿瘤放疗,化疗所致的白细胞减少症有防治作用。心脑健片(胶囊)的主要成分为茶叶提取物,茶叶提取物中的主要成分为茶多酚。
茶多酚又名茶单宁、茶鞣质,是一类存在于茶叶中的多羟基酚性化合物。茶多酚的主要成分为儿茶素、黄酮及黄酮甙类、花青素及花白素类和酚酸及缩酚酸类等四类,是三十多种酚类物质组成的复合体。茶多酚在茶鲜叶中含量最高,一般为干物质的20~30%,对成茶品质色、香、味的形成,具有重要的作用。随着现代科学技术的迅猛发展,茶叶的各种功能不断地被发现并开发应用,其中茶多酚所具有的供氢能力,使其成为不可多得的天然抗氧化剂。
现有茶多酚的获得是通过对茶叶进行提取实现的,但现在常用的茶叶提取方法存在茶多酚提取过程氧化严重、有毒金属离子残留等诸多问题。在专利CN1506346A和专利CN103113421A中,提取过程中使用氯化铝做沉淀剂,铝离子人体残留,会引起老年痴呆。在专利CN1104621A和专利CN1142481A中,提取过程中使用钙镁离子的氯化物及氢氧化物沉淀法,碱沉过程中pH过高,会导致茶多酚氧化损失。在专利CN 1847238A和专利CN 103720913A中,使用硫酸锌或氯化锌碱沉,盐酸转溶的工艺来制备含茶多酚的酸溶液,其中碱沉pH过高,且过程产生氯化锌有腐蚀性,有毒,影响产品品质。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,制备过程工艺简单,条件温和,安全无污染,适合工业化生产。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的一个技术方案是:提供一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,包括步骤为:提取、碱沉、酸溶、萃取、脱咖和减压干燥,得到茶叶提取物,其中所述碱沉是通过向所述提取得到的提取滤液中加入食品级沉淀剂实现的,所述碱沉终点的pH值为6.5~7.5,所述酸溶是通过向所述碱沉得到的沉淀中加入有机酸溶解实现的,所述脱咖是使用吸附剂脱除咖啡因实现的。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述提取的具体步骤为:将茶叶原料粉碎并用水提取,过滤合并得到提取滤液。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述茶叶原料粉碎至20~30目;所述用水提取是用80~90℃的热水分两次进行提取,第一次提取加入的热水量是粉碎后茶叶质量的10~15倍,第二次提取加入的热水量是粉碎后茶叶质量的8~12倍,每次提取的时间为20~30min。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述碱沉的具体步骤为:在所述提取滤液中加入食品级沉淀剂并保温,搅拌均匀后用碱性溶液调节pH值至6.5~7.5,静置分层,过滤得到沉淀。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述食品级沉淀剂为硫酸锌;所述食品级沉淀剂的加入量为粉碎后茶叶质量的10%~30%;所述保温的温度为50~60℃;所述碱性溶液为氢氧化钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钾中的一种溶液。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述有机酸为甲酸、乙酸、柠檬酸中的一种或几种混合酸。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述酸溶的具体步骤为:向碱沉得到的沉淀中加入水,再加入酸液,搅拌使沉淀溶解得到酸溶液。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述萃取的具体步骤为:所述酸溶得到的酸溶液用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并得到乙酸乙酯萃取液;所述萃取为用乙酸乙酯萃取2~3次;所述乙酸乙酯的用量为粉碎后茶叶质量的6~7倍量。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述脱咖的具体步骤为:所述萃取得到的乙酸乙酯萃取液通过装有50~100目吸附剂的的吸附柱,并收集柱后液。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述减压干燥的具体步骤为:对所述脱咖得到的柱后液减压干燥,回收乙酸乙酯,所得茶叶提取物中茶多酚和咖啡因的检测方法见2015版中国药典。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明的茶叶提取物的制备方法,使用食品级沉淀剂及有机酸来进行碱沉、酸溶工序,碱沉终点偏中性,使用吸附剂脱除咖啡因,避免使用氯仿等有毒试剂,能够解决现有技术提取过程中氧化严重、有毒金属离子残留等问题,该制备方法工艺流程简单,条件温和,生产成本低,安全无污染,适合大规模工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一:
提供一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,包括步骤为:
(1)提取:将茶叶原料粉碎至20~30目,取粉碎后茶叶100g,加入粉碎后茶叶质量的10倍量和8倍量的80℃热水搅拌提取两次,每次提取20min,过滤合并提取滤液;
(2)碱沉:在提取滤液中加入20g食品级沉淀剂硫酸锌,50℃下保温,搅拌均匀后,使用质量分数为20%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至6.5,静置分层,过滤得沉淀160g;
(3)酸溶:向沉淀中加入热水,再加入甲酸溶液,搅拌使沉淀溶解得到酸溶液;
(4)萃取:所得酸溶液用300ml乙酸乙酯萃取两次,合并乙酸乙酯萃取液;
(5)脱咖:乙酸乙酯萃取液通过装有50~100目的活性炭柱,收集柱后液;
(6)减压干燥:对柱后液减压干燥,回收乙酸乙酯。所得茶叶提取物中茶多酚的质量含量为55.4%,咖啡因的质量含量为1.1%。
实施例二:
提供一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,包括步骤为:
(1)提取:将茶叶原料粉碎至20~30目,取粉碎后茶叶100g,加入粉碎后茶叶质量的12倍量和10倍量的85℃热水搅拌提取两次,每次提取25min,过滤合并提取滤液;
(2)碱沉:在提取滤液中加入22g食品级沉淀剂硫酸锌,50℃下保温,搅拌均匀后,使用碳酸氢钠溶液调节pH至6.5,静置分层,过滤得沉淀170g;
(3)酸溶:向沉淀中加入热水,再加入乙酸溶液,搅拌使沉淀溶解得到酸溶液;
(4)萃取:所得酸溶液用300ml乙酸乙酯萃取两次,合并乙酸乙酯萃取液;
(5)脱咖:乙酸乙酯萃取液通过装有50~100目的活性炭与硅藻土按质量比1:1填装的柱子,收集柱后液;
(6)减压干燥:对柱后液减压干燥,回收乙酸乙酯。所得茶叶提取物中茶多酚的质量含量为52.1%,咖啡因的质量含量为0.9%。
实施例三:
提供一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,包括步骤为:
(1)提取:将茶叶原料粉碎至20~30目,取粉碎后茶叶100g,加入粉碎后茶叶质量的15倍量和12倍量的90℃热水搅拌提取两次,每次提取30min,过滤合并提取滤液;
(2)碱沉:在提取滤液中加入27g食品级沉淀剂硫酸锌,60℃下保温,搅拌均匀后,使用稀氢氧化钾溶液调节pH至6.7,静置分层,过滤得沉淀181g;
(3)酸溶:向沉淀中加入等质量的热水,再加入柠檬酸溶液,搅拌使沉淀溶解得到酸溶液;
(4)萃取:所得酸溶液用300ml乙酸乙酯萃取两次,合并乙酸乙酯萃取液;
(5)脱咖:乙酸乙酯萃取液通过装有50~100目活性炭柱,收集柱后液;
(6)减压干燥:对柱后液减压干燥,回收乙酸乙酯。所得茶叶提取物中茶多酚的质量含量为57.7%,咖啡因的质量含量为0.9%。
实施例四:
提供一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,包括步骤为:
(1)提取:将茶叶原料粉碎至20~30目,取粉碎后茶叶120g,加入粉碎后茶叶质量的10倍量和7倍量的90℃热水搅拌提取两次,每次提取25min,过滤合并提取滤液;
(2)碱沉:在提取滤液中加入33g食品级沉淀剂硫酸锌,60℃下保温,搅拌均匀后,使用稀氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至7.5,静置分层,过滤得沉淀201g;
(3)酸溶:向沉淀中加入热水,再加入甲酸溶液,搅拌使沉淀溶解得到酸溶液;
(4)萃取:所得酸溶液用400ml乙酸乙酯萃取两次,合并乙酸乙酯萃取液;
(5)脱咖:乙酸乙酯萃取液通过装有50~100目的酸性白土、活性炭、硅藻土按质量比1:2:1填装的柱子,收集柱后液;
(6)减压干燥:对柱后液减压干燥,回收乙酸乙酯。所得茶叶提取物中茶多酚的质量含量为56.2%,咖啡因的质量含量为1.2 %。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括步骤为:提取、碱沉、酸溶、萃取、脱咖和减压干燥,得到茶叶提取物,其中所述碱沉是通过向所述提取得到的提取滤液中加入食品级沉淀剂实现的,所述碱沉终点的pH值为6.5~7.5,所述酸溶是通过向所述碱沉得到的沉淀中加入有机酸溶解实现的,所述脱咖是使用活性炭脱除咖啡因实现的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述提取的具体步骤为:将茶叶原料粉碎并用水提取,过滤合并得到提取滤液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述茶叶原料粉碎至20~30目;所述用水提取是用80~90℃的热水分两次进行提取,第一次提取加入的热水量是粉碎后茶叶质量的10~15倍,第二次提取加入的热水量是粉碎后茶叶质量的8~12倍,每次提取的时间为20~30min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述碱沉的具体步骤为:在所述提取滤液中加入食品级沉淀剂并保温,搅拌均匀后用碱性溶液调节pH值至6.5~7.5,静置分层,过滤得到沉淀。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述食品级沉淀剂硫酸锌;所述食品级沉淀剂的加入量为粉碎后茶叶质量的10%~30%;所述保温的温度为50~60℃;所述碱性溶液为氢氧化钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钾溶液中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机酸为甲酸、乙酸、柠檬酸中的一种或几种混合酸。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述酸溶的具体步骤为:向碱沉得到的沉淀中加入水,再加入酸液,搅拌使沉淀溶解得到酸溶液。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述萃取的具体步骤为:所述酸溶得到的酸溶液用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并得到乙酸乙酯萃取液;所述萃取为用乙酸乙酯萃取2~3次;所述乙酸乙酯的用量为粉碎后茶叶质量的6~7倍量。
9.根据权利要求1所述的用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述脱咖的具体步骤为:所述萃取得到的乙酸乙酯萃取液通过装有50-100目吸附剂的吸附柱,吸附剂为活性炭、硅藻土、酸性白土中的一种或组合使用,收集柱后液。
10.根据权利要求1所述的用于心脑健的茶叶提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述减压干燥的具体步骤为:对所述脱咖得到的柱后液减压干燥,回收乙酸乙酯,所得茶叶提取物中茶多酚和咖啡因的检测方法见2015版中国药典。
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