CN1065812C - 使用注射模塑技术制造热塑性聚合物的方法 - Google Patents

使用注射模塑技术制造热塑性聚合物的方法 Download PDF

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CN1065812C
CN1065812C CN94119672A CN94119672A CN1065812C CN 1065812 C CN1065812 C CN 1065812C CN 94119672 A CN94119672 A CN 94119672A CN 94119672 A CN94119672 A CN 94119672A CN 1065812 C CN1065812 C CN 1065812C
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polymer
injection
core
flow line
model
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CN1110647A (zh
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埃普里·艾蒂安
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Huber and Suhner AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0025—Preventing defects on the moulded article, e.g. weld lines, shrinkage marks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/56—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using mould parts movable during or after injection, e.g. injection-compression moulding
    • B29C45/5605—Rotatable mould parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0025—Preventing defects on the moulded article, e.g. weld lines, shrinkage marks
    • B29C2045/0031—Movable mould wall parts in contact with weld lines, e.g. rotating pins for stirring the weld line
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C2045/0098—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor shearing of the moulding material, e.g. for obtaining molecular orientation or reducing the viscosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0079—Liquid crystals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Abstract

一种使用注射模塑技术的热塑性聚合物加工方法，包括液晶聚合物、填充纤维或细矿料的热塑性聚合物，在模型中设有一芯部以便在注射时通过压力使熔化的聚合物贴绕在该芯部的周围，从而形成中空圆柱形工件的空腔。当进行注射时，通过芯部相对于模型的相对转动并通过将熔化的聚合物注射进模型中接近芯部的地方，使得熔化的聚合物在进入模型中后立即受到剪切能的作用，以便消除或至少减少在中空圆柱形工件的聚合物材料上出现熔合线。

Description

使用注射模塑技术制造热塑性聚合物的方法
本发明涉及一种使用注射模塑技术的热塑性聚合物加工方法，例如液晶聚合物，填充纤维的或者填充细矿料的热塑性塑料，在生产工件时避免或者至少缩减晶粒滑移线的产生。
液晶聚合物，通常简称为LCPS，还有填充纤维或者细矿料的热塑性聚合物，以具有高度定向的大分子结构作为其特征。
为了简化描述，在开始时所提及的热塑性聚合物，下面所述的液晶聚合物情况作为其它所有热塑性聚合物的典型代表，例如填充纤维的或者细矿料的热塑性聚合物。
液晶聚合物由刚性的棒状大分子组成，在熔融态下互相平行排列，并产生液晶结构。如果液晶聚合物熔融物受到剪切的或者拉伸塑变，当其在挤压机旋转螺杆挤出情况下，大分子变得有序排列在纤维和原纤维中并在固态下产生特殊形态。
由于在聚合物熔融态下的高度定向影响其性质，呈现出明显的各向异性现象。沿着定向的方向，其强度和刚度显著地高于横向的，而且其热膨胀系数沿垂直于定向的显著地高于平行于定向的。
使用这种增强塑料制成的每个工件上有所谓的熔合线或晶粒滑移线的缺陷，因为它们在工件内构成弱点。在液晶聚合物情况下，一方面刚性分子链定向排列；另一方面，可能出现的含纤维增强材料基本上都平行地对准晶粒滑移线，其结果是这种依赖于方向性的物理性能，在熔合线或晶粒滑移线区域便缺乏了或大大地降低了。这意味着不得不对熔合线或晶粒滑移线给予特殊的关注。
描述两种形式的晶粒滑移线之间的区别，即所谓的平接晶粒滑移线，如果两个熔融物流互相对着流动便产生了。熔融物面向合流点相互垂直于流动的方向。分子平行定向排列于熔融物前沿，因此不能结合。在围绕着障碍物流动后所产生的晶粒滑移线是被障碍物分成两部分流体形成的，其沿流动方向，在障碍物之后再又结合在一起。
与上述的研究结果相一致，通常总是力图制造不产生任何晶粒滑移线的工件。因此，原材料制造者劝告，不可避免的晶粒滑移线应该布置在较低应力的区域。但是无论如何在中空圆柱形工件情况下，这在实践中简直是不可能的，因此所形成的套筒工件的物理性能沿直径方向远比沿轴向要差。
本发明的目的在于：提供一种可能的手段来防止熔合线或晶粒滑移线的产生。
本发明的技术方案在于：一种使用注射模塑技术的热塑性聚合物加工方法，包括液晶聚合物、填充纤维或细矿料的热塑性聚合物，在模型中设有一芯部以便在注射时通过压力使熔化的聚合物贴绕在该芯部的周围，从而形成中空圆柱形工件的空腔，其中，当进行注射时，通过芯部相对于模型的相对转动并通过将熔化的聚合物注射进模型中接近芯部的地方，使得熔化的聚合物在进入模型中后立即受到剪切能的作用，以便消除或至少减少在中空圆柱形工件的聚合物材料上出现熔合线。
本发明的实施例阐述如下。发明方法的应用也详细地参照附图描述如下：
图1表示制造空心圆柱体的注射模塑机剖面图；
图2表示按照图1中截面线A-A的注射模塑机剖面图。
设想晶粒滑移线或者熔合线的形成是由剪切力和拉伸力所产生的，由于填料时成型机的壁所产生，因为壁是冷的，于是就产生了外层朝向壁内部的层叠现象。当采用一个浇注口时，不可避免地在中空体形状互件情况下会产生上述现象，例如用于制造光波导管工艺的实施例，两个环行熔体流以及由此产生的熔合线减弱了物体，并在外壁部分由于不可避免的层叠现象更进一步加厚了。
为了防止这种不希望有的效果，所以要解决消除熔合线和晶粒滑移线的问题。它是基于使用附加的剪切能量导致减少分子排列成行。例如，在压强发生器中使用旋转螺杆产生这种能力。
按照本发明，该测定是作用在模塑机的侧边上的，产生附加剪切能量的旋转布局便在那里产生。
在所提供的工件具有其后形成晶粒滑移线障碍物的情况下，按照本发明可以防止晶粒滑移线，至少在最弱点，直接在障碍物之后，如果该障碍物是被旋转的。因为在开始时不产生熔合线，在后来的具有固定障碍物的情况下，至少也不会如此的显著。
在套筒体形状的工件情况下，至少有一个模塑部件：或者是外模或者是内模是可以旋转的。其结果是，一方面，熔融物的部分流沿着旋转方向增强，而沿着相反方向减弱。因此，分子定向消失并不再产生刚性结合，其自然的结果是如果熔合线不是完全消失，但至少也是减少了。
在图1和图2中以大大简化的形式表示一个注射成型装置。注射模塑机包括一个具有浇口6的固定台板3及一个轴向可移动的台板2。销子4设置在固定台板内，在空腔5内形成型芯，借助于可移动的台板2的模塑部件7形成空腔。模塑部件7和驱动轴1连接，容许该模塑部件7旋转。
不用说也明白：两个台板2、3是被冷却的，以便由于热而塑化的注射材料再次被固化。因此，模塑部件7可以由驱动轴1带动旋转，其结果是剪切能量被施加在被注射进入空腔5的材料上，从而已不再能形成熔合线。
同样地，不是模塑部件7，而是销子4也能够旋转，并产生相同的效果。按照上述方法进行生产，例如只有零点几毫米的甚薄壁厚的套筒体。实际上相对于轴向和径向模压力而言均显示出相同的抗机械性能，并且从未发现有熔合线或晶粒滑移线的现象。

Claims (1)

1．一种使用注射模塑技术的热塑性聚合物加工方法，包括液晶聚合物、填充纤维或细矿料的热塑性聚合物，在模型中设有一芯部以便在注射时通过压力使熔化的聚合物贴绕在该芯部的周围，从而形成中空圆柱形工件的空腔，其特征在于当进行注射时，通过芯部相对于模型的相对转动并通过将熔化的聚合物注射进模型中接近芯部的地方，使得熔化的聚合物在进入模型中后立即受到剪切能的作用，以便消除或至少减少在中空圆柱形工件的聚合物材料上出现熔合线。
CN94119672A 1993-12-17 1994-12-17 使用注射模塑技术制造热塑性聚合物的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1065812C (zh)

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CA (1) CA2138221C (zh)
DE (1) DE59405377D1 (zh)
DK (1) DK0658412T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2114649T3 (zh)
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IL (1) IL111844A (zh)
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DE19720430C2 (de) * 1997-05-15 2002-01-17 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Verfahren und Anordnung zum Spritzgießen zur Beeinflussung von Bindenähten
CN106273319A (zh) * 2016-10-13 2017-01-04 吕安民 一种塑料焊接用挤塑机

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1113559B (de) * 1959-07-31 1961-09-07 Ankerwerk Gebr Goller Verfahren zur planmaessigen Lenkung der Orientierungsrichtung im inneren Gefuege von Teilen aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff bei deren Herstellung in Spritzgiessmaschinen
US3263274A (en) * 1963-03-14 1966-08-02 Beckman Instruments Inc High strength rotary member and method
EP0188120A2 (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-07-23 National Research Development Corporation Moulding process
JPS63145007A (ja) * 1986-12-09 1988-06-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 射出成形方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0773860B2 (ja) * 1990-05-10 1995-08-09 修 浜田 成形金型装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1113559B (de) * 1959-07-31 1961-09-07 Ankerwerk Gebr Goller Verfahren zur planmaessigen Lenkung der Orientierungsrichtung im inneren Gefuege von Teilen aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff bei deren Herstellung in Spritzgiessmaschinen
US3263274A (en) * 1963-03-14 1966-08-02 Beckman Instruments Inc High strength rotary member and method
EP0188120A2 (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-07-23 National Research Development Corporation Moulding process
JPS63145007A (ja) * 1986-12-09 1988-06-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 射出成形方法

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JPH07214596A (ja) 1995-08-15
DE59405377D1 (de) 1998-04-09
ZA949999B (en) 1995-08-22
IL111844A (en) 1998-12-06
ES2114649T3 (es) 1998-06-01
IL111844A0 (en) 1995-03-15
FI106440B (fi) 2001-02-15
EP0658412A1 (de) 1995-06-21
CN1110647A (zh) 1995-10-25
CA2138221C (en) 1999-05-04
DK0658412T3 (da) 1998-09-28
FI945938A (fi) 1995-06-18
NO308452B1 (no) 2000-09-18
ATE163590T1 (de) 1998-03-15
EP0658412B1 (de) 1998-03-04
CA2138221A1 (en) 1995-06-18
BR9404945A (pt) 1995-08-08
NO944898D0 (no) 1994-12-16
FI945938A0 (fi) 1994-12-16
NO944898L (no) 1995-06-19

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