CN106542882A - A kind of Galbitang compost for improving edible fungus protein and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Galbitang compost for improving edible fungus protein and preparation method thereof, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：High Cellulase Production bacterium solution, polyvinyl alcohol, 2 ~ 4wt%CaCl₂Solution, sodium alginate, 2 ~ 5wt%NaOH solution, oyster shell powder, rapeseed cake, manioc waste, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, maifanite powder, Galbitang, Semen Camelliae powder, blast furnace cinder, ammonium molybdate, Cortex Pini and appropriate water；Beneficial effects of the present invention：Invention is mainly or based on the material of fibre rich, improve the utilization to cellulose, make the nutrient of culture medium more sufficient, nutrien utilization is more complete, greatlys save resource and artificial input amount, the decoction for adding Os Bovis seu Bubali to boil, improve protein content, the nutritive value of plantation edible fungi is improved, while being conducive to improving the resistance of edible fungi, yield is improved.

Description

A kind of Galbitang compost for improving edible fungus protein and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of culture medium of edible fungus, and in particular to a kind of cattle for improving edible fungus protein Bone soup compost and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Edible fungi generally comprises sporophore and mycelium, is made up of eukaryotic microorganisms, and funguses are not received in nutritional sufficiency, individuality Formulate under the suitable growing environments such as constraint, it is individual to know from experience quick breeding, being substantially improved on quantity of formation, but work as fungi Bring up in certain amount, be formed the mycelium being made up of funguses, mycelium is intensive to be restricted each other, the shape of directivity Into fruit body primordium, it is to be formed by mycelium is intensive, produces sporogenic sexual propagation organ later, and mycelium is by one by one Tubular fossils are constituted, and play a part of to absorb nutrient, and villiform is presented, and branch is flourishing.The compost of edible fungus culturing is typically carried For nitrogen source, carbon source, water, vitamin and mineral necessary to eukaryotic microorganisms growth, wherein consuming the tightest with carbon source and nitrogen source Weight, moisture are generally kept in 60% or so, ventilate and ensure that oxygen supply is sufficient, it is not necessary to illumination, and temperature requirement at 24 ~ 28 DEG C is It is most suitable, therefore, typically usually see culture medium of edible fungus plastic sheeting parcel or cover, it is therefore intended that prevent moisture evaporation simultaneously And maintain certain temperature.

The topmost problem of culture medium of edible fungus at this stage is：Culture medium access times are few, and many culture medium are used 2 times Will abandon after even 1 time, reason is；The nutrient of culture medium is difficult the normal growth for maintaining new sporophore next time, main If nitrogen source and carbon source are not enough, and so do the very big increase for causing artificial amount, the usage amount of raw material is improved, extra resource Consume and improve, while the culture medium of edible fungus that inspection is abandoned finds that substantial amounts of nutritional labeling is also remained in culture medium, and eucaryon is micro- The nutrient main source of the culture medium of biological utilisation is carbohydrate, sugar, starch and a small amount of low molecular dimension of solubility Raw element, and funguses are due to the difference of function, can be seldom that wood flour, cotton seed hullss, rice husk, corn cob etc. are main by fibre using raw material The raw material of dimension element composition, contains a large amount of unemployed cellulose components, how using this part in causing culture medium dead meal Nutrition, can greatly improve the access times of culture medium of edible fungus, reduce additional investment cost.

Cellulose accounts for the 30 ~ 50% of global plant dry weight, is that the most most abundant carbohydrate of wide, content is distributed on the earth, Belong to a kind of high molecular polymer of chain, general to be difficult to degrade automatically or be decomposed by the microorganisms utilization, cellulase is drop The general name of the solution glucogenic one group of enzyme of cellulose, at present it is believed that during degradable cellulose at least needs 3 function is not With but 3 groups of the cellulase of complementation：Endoglucanase, Cellobiohydrolase, cellobiase. Cellulose could be hydrolyzed into glucose in the presence of cooperateing with by them, but the significant drawback of cellulase is, cellulase Stability is poor, short life and single enzymatic activity is low.

The content of the invention

The present invention promotes the decomposition of cellulose to utilize to improve the utilization ratio of culture medium of edible fungus, and invention is a kind of high Effect is utilized, persistently provides nutrient and reused culture medium of edible fungus, is realized particular by following method：

A kind of Galbitang compost for improving edible fungus protein, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：High yield is fine The plain enzyme bacterium solution 10 ~ 15, polyvinyl alcohol 2 ~ 3,2 ~ 4wt%CaCl of dimension₂Solution 8 ~ 12, sodium alginate 0.2 ~ 0.4,2 ~ 5wt%NaOH are molten Liquid 80 ~ 120, oyster shell powder 10 ~ 15, rapeseed cake 40 ~ 50, manioc waste 10 ~ 15, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 15 ~ 25, maifanite powder 5 ~ 9, Os Bovis seu Bubali Soup 20 ~ 30, Semen Camelliae powder 10 ~ 14, blast furnace cinder 5 ~ 10, ammonium molybdate 3 ~ 6, Cortex Pini 50 ~ 70 and appropriate water；

The High Cellulase Production bacterium solution be with 15 ~ 20g/L of straw-like materials, 4 ~ 7 g/L of Semen Tritici aestivi flour, 10 ~ 15 g/L of carbamide, （NH₄）₂SO₄ 10~12 g/L、NH₄NO₃The nutritional solution of 5 ~ 8 g/L is culture medium, and heating makes Semen Tritici aestivi flour gelatinizing, then inoculation ratio Example is 5 ~ 8:1 Li Trichoderma and Aspergillus niger original seed, cultivate 140 ~ 150h at a temperature of 30 ~ 35 DEG C, and shaking speed 180 ~ 200r/min, and the spore suspension concentration for detecting reaches 1.5 ~ 2.0 × 10⁷Individual/mL, completes the bacterium solution after amplification culture.

A kind of preparation method of the Galbitang compost for improving edible fungus protein, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：

（1）Mixing Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and Cortex Pini, add into 2 ~ 5wt%NaOH solution 5 ~ 8h of immersion, pull rinsing 2 ~ 3 times out, add wheat Meal stone powder, Galbitang and other following residual componentss being not directed to, are put into 60 ~ 70min of steaming and decocting in high-pressure steam sterilizing pan, complete Spread into after；

（2）By High Cellulase Production bacterium solution and the water mixed diluting of 3 ~ 5 times of its times of weight, polyvinyl alcohol and alginic acid are subsequently adding Sodium, stirring and evenly mixing are uniformly sprayed onto（1）In described raw material, stand to solution and adsorb on raw material surface completely；

（3）Treat（2）After the completion of, rapidly by 2 ~ 4wt%CaCl₂Solution is slowly poured in culture medium, stands 3 ~ 4h crosslinking curings, After last appropriate benefit adds water to water content 60 ~ 65%.

As long as according in background technology at this stage culture medium of edible fungus produced problem and the present invention thinking, here with Can growth metabolism go out the method combined by the antibacterial of cellulase and culture medium of edible fungus, realize the profit of cellulose in culture medium With, realize that culture medium nutritional utilization is maximized, enzyme preparation is applied to into culture medium directly and is unfavorable for that the effect of enzyme is played, cellulose Enzyme short life itself, the stability for existing are poor, while decomposition of the enzyme for adding to cellulose belongs to acute effect, it is difficult to long-time Cellulose in culture medium is hydrolyzed, provided that a kind of slow degraded cellulose of long-time, continuous orderly offer food It is optimal choice with the nutrient needed for bacterium.

Accumulation of the invention through continuous repeated attempt and many years of experience, draws the master for cellulase-producing using trichoderma reesei Microorganism is wanted to be optimal, while add a certain amount of aspergillus niger, the enzyme of generation decomposition of cellulose that can be more perfect, both it Between ratio 5 ~ 8:Between 1, can be very good to produce the enzyme of decomposition of cellulose, strain parent species of the invention from Laboratories Accession Two kinds of excellent bacterial initial species of middle selection, then obtain the bacterium solution mixed liquor of High Cellulase Production through amplification culture, and bacterium solution is mixed The condition that conjunction liquid must is fulfilled for is the nutritional condition for being suitable to two kinds of growth developments, is obtained through repetitious orthogonal test The optimal condition for going out cultivation is：15 ~ 20g/L of straw-like materials, 4 ~ 7 g/L of Semen Tritici aestivi flour, 10 ~ 15 g/L of carbamide,（NH₄）₂SO₄10~12 g/L、NH₄NO₃5 ~ 8 g/L, pH are 5.0 ~ 6.0, and the optimum temperature of culture is 30 ~ 35 DEG C, incubation time 140 ~ 150h, shaking speed 180r/min complete the spore suspension concentration after amplification culture and reach 1.5 ~ 2.0 × 10⁷Individual/mL, its In nitrogen source class material be also an option that carbamide, ammonium chloride etc. replace, for strain cellulase-producing all has facilitation.

But if directly the bacterium solution of cellulase-producing is added in culture medium of edible fungus, actual effect is simultaneously bad, former Because being that culture medium belongs to a kind of stereochemical structure, different from plating medium, its Main Function is also to provide eukaryotic microorganisms Nutrition, grows sporophore, and the High Cellulase Production bacterium solution added belongs to liquid, needs certain attachment fixative just wrap Overlay on culture medium of edible fungus raw material, while also wanting the quantity of planned transplanting foreign aid's strain, promote edible fungi to become leading Strain, prevents Inoculating microbes for the undue utilization of nutrient, remains that the strain of foreign aid's bacterium cellulase-producing is maintained at one On the fixed order of magnitude, cellulase can be produced, the cellulose in culture medium of edible fungus is hydrolyzed, the saccharide of generation can be with The growth of edible bacterium is utilized, as this is constantly to produce cellulase, so, when this supply-demand relationship can remain very long Between, this just more thoroughly using the raw material of culture medium of edible fungus can reduce wasting phenomenon.

Invention for the specific practice using High Cellulase Production application and culture medium of edible fungus, first to culture medium of edible fungus Pretreatment is carried out, such as can break the crystalline texture and protective layer of cellulosic molecule by the immersion of high temperature steaming and alkali liquor, Make raw material become fluffy, be more prone to be acted on by cellulase, this stage not only can be such that the structure of cellulose causes necessarily The destruction of degree, can also sterilize, and improve culture medium material temperature, for the maximum function for how playing cellulase-producing bacterium, invention The principle of the immobilization embedded technology of analog cell, that is, keep the extraordinary activity of microorganism, while microorganism can also be avoided to inhale Undue breeding after receiving nutrition is expanded, and affects the nutritional utilization situation of edible fungi, specifically by the microorganism of cellulase-producing Sodium alginate and fixative polyvinyl alcohol are added in bacterium solution, is poured into after mixing in the culture medium of finished product, is then quickly poured into a mould again One layer of calcium chloride solution, calcium ion and sodium alginate reaction, crosslinking coupling form multi-dimensional grid structure, become a kind of gel-like Material is wrapped in the oarse-grained surface of culture medium, belongs to a kind of porous type film layer, then solid under the solidification of polyvinyl alcohol Calmly, the characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol has good fixing effect, high mechanical strength；Film layer is not only enriched with the microbial bacteria of cellulase-producing, Belong to a kind of water-retaining property film layer simultaneously, for the culture of edible fungi, be more easy to be sought connections with by mycelium.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：Invention improves the profit to cellulose mainly or based on the material of fibre rich With, making that the nutrient of culture medium is more sufficient, nutrien utilization is more complete, greatlys save resource and artificial input amount, adds Os Bovis seu Bubali The decoction for boiling, improves protein content, improves the nutritive value of plantation edible fungi, while being conducive to improving the anti-of edible fungi Property, improve yield.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1：

A kind of Galbitang compost for improving edible fungus protein, it is characterised in that by following weight portion（Kg）Raw material make：It is high Cellulase-producing bacterium solution 12, polyvinyl alcohol 3,2 ~ 4wt%CaCl₂It is solution 12, sodium alginate 0.3,2 ~ 5wt%NaOH solution 100, male Oyster shells 12, rapeseed cake 46, manioc waste 14, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 18, maifanite powder 7, Galbitang 26, Semen Camelliae powder 12, blast furnace cinder 8th, ammonium molybdate 5, Cortex Pini 55 and appropriate water；

The High Cellulase Production bacterium solution be with straw-like materials 16g/L, 6 g/L of Semen Tritici aestivi flour, carbamide 12g/L,（NH₄）₂SO₄ 10 g/L、NH₄NO₃The nutritional solution of 6 g/L is culture medium, and heating makes Semen Tritici aestivi flour gelatinizing, and then inoculative proportion is 5 ~ 8:In 1 Family name trichoderma and Aspergillus niger original seed, cultivate 140 ~ 150h, 180 ~ 200r/min of shaking speed at a temperature of 30 ~ 35 DEG C, and The spore suspension concentration of detection reaches 1.5 ~ 2.0 × 10⁷Individual/mL, completes the bacterium solution after amplification culture.

A kind of preparation method of the Galbitang compost for improving edible fungus protein, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：

（1）Mixing Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and Cortex Pini, add into 2 ~ 5wt%NaOH solution 5 ~ 8h of immersion, pull rinsing 2 ~ 3 times out, add wheat Meal stone powder, Galbitang and other following residual componentss being not directed to, are put into 60 ~ 70min of steaming and decocting in high-pressure steam sterilizing pan, complete Spread into after；

（2）By High Cellulase Production bacterium solution and the water mixed diluting of 3 ~ 5 times of its times of weight, polyvinyl alcohol and alginic acid are subsequently adding Sodium, stirring and evenly mixing are uniformly sprayed onto（1）In described raw material, stand to solution and adsorb on raw material surface completely；

（3）Treat（2）After the completion of, rapidly by 2 ~ 4wt%CaCl₂Solution is slowly poured in culture medium, stands 3 ~ 4h crosslinking curings, After last appropriate benefit adds water to water content 60 ~ 65%.

Using the culture medium of edible fungus culture Lentinus Edodess of the present invention, using the method for bed culture, mutually culture medium makes than ever Situation contrast find, culture medium of the present invention when in use between on lengthened, suitably spray nutritional solution, can continuously plant several For Lentinus Edodess, artificial amount and additional labor are reduced, the quality of Lentinus Edodess is also improved.

Claims (2)

1. it is a kind of improve edible fungus protein Galbitang compost, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：High yield Cellulase bacterium solution 10 ~ 15, polyvinyl alcohol 2 ~ 3,2 ~ 4wt%CaCl₂Solution 8 ~ 12, sodium alginate 0.2 ~ 0.4,2 ~ 5wt%NaOH Solution 80 ~ 120, oyster shell powder 10 ~ 15, rapeseed cake 40 ~ 50, manioc waste 10 ~ 15, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 15 ~ 25, maifanite powder 5 ~ 9, cattle Bone soup 20 ~ 30, Semen Camelliae powder 10 ~ 14, blast furnace cinder 5 ~ 10, ammonium molybdate 3 ~ 6, Cortex Pini 50 ~ 70 and appropriate water；

The High Cellulase Production bacterium solution be with 15 ~ 20g/L of straw-like materials, 4 ~ 7 g/L of Semen Tritici aestivi flour, 10 ~ 15 g/L of carbamide, （NH₄）₂SO₄ 10~12 g/L、NH₄NO₃The nutritional solution of 5 ~ 8 g/L is culture medium, and heating makes Semen Tritici aestivi flour gelatinizing, then inoculation ratio Example is 5 ~ 8:1 Li Trichoderma and Aspergillus niger original seed, cultivate 140 ~ 150h at a temperature of 30 ~ 35 DEG C, and shaking speed 180 ~ 200r/min, and the spore suspension concentration for detecting reaches 1.5 ~ 2.0 × 10⁷Individual/mL, completes the bacterium solution after amplification culture.

2. according to claim 1 it is a kind of improve edible fungus protein Galbitang compost preparation method, it is characterised in that Including following step：

（1）Mixing Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and Cortex Pini, add into 2 ~ 5wt%NaOH solution 5 ~ 8h of immersion, pull rinsing 2 ~ 3 times out, add wheat Meal stone powder, Galbitang and other following residual componentss being not directed to, are put into 60 ~ 70min of steaming and decocting in high-pressure steam sterilizing pan, complete Spread into after；

（2）By High Cellulase Production bacterium solution and the water mixed diluting of 3 ~ 5 times of its times of weight, polyvinyl alcohol and alginic acid are subsequently adding Sodium, stirring and evenly mixing are uniformly sprayed onto（1）In described raw material, stand to solution and adsorb on raw material surface completely；

（3）Treat（2）After the completion of, rapidly by 2 ~ 4wt%CaCl₂Solution is slowly poured in culture medium, stands 3 ~ 4h crosslinking curings, most After appropriate benefit adds water to water content 60 ~ 65% afterwards.