CN106536822A - 增加纸或纸板中填料含量的方法 - Google Patents

增加纸或纸板中填料含量的方法 Download PDF

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CN106536822A
CN106536822A CN201580037783.3A CN201580037783A CN106536822A CN 106536822 A CN106536822 A CN 106536822A CN 201580037783 A CN201580037783 A CN 201580037783A CN 106536822 A CN106536822 A CN 106536822A
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P.哈坎松
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Stora Enso Oyj
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Abstract

本发明涉及造制纸或纸板的方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：a.提供原料悬浮体；b.向所述原料悬浮体添加碱金属硅酸盐和沉淀碳酸钙的混合物；c.基本上直接在步骤(b)之前和/或之后向所述原料悬浮体添加酸性介质；d.形成在步骤(d)中获得的原料悬浮体的幅材；e.干燥所述幅材。根据本发明向原料悬浮体添加碱金属硅酸盐和PCC的混合物以及酸性介质改善纤维和填料(PCC)之间的结合，由此降低了与扬尘(粉尘)有关的问题。此外，所述方法能够在实质上不影响强度的情况下向纸中添加更高量的填料。

Description

增加纸或纸板中填料含量的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及制造纸或纸板的方法，所述方法能够增加纸或纸板中填料的含量。
背景技术
所有生产出来的纸张的大部分包含矿物材料形式的填料。使用填料的初始原因是经济性的，因为更昂贵的纤维材料可由更便宜的矿物材料代替。此外，许多纸性能被改善。首先，通过改善纸的表面平滑性、不透明性和白度而获得改善的适印性性质。印刷油墨的吸收更高并且更均匀，图像显示得到改善，并且可改善压延后的纸张光泽度。其它优点涉及尺寸稳定性、更好的外观和更好的“感觉”。
如上所述，填料提高成品纸的亮度的能力是重要的。这导致对添加昂贵的光学增白剂的需求的减少或消除。碳酸钙是最常用的常规填料，但是还可小规模使用其它填料，例如粘土、二氧化钛、滑石和二氧化硅(硅土)。文献中还描述了有机填料。这些的实例为脲或甲醛的聚合物。
当用作填料时，碳酸钙以几种形式存在，并且大部分高级(fine，精细)纸包含最高达25重量％的碳酸钙。磨碎的大理石、磨碎的白垩和沉淀碳酸钙是最常见的类型。最后提到的类型，沉淀碳酸钙，通常被称作PCC，是英语术语“沉淀碳酸钙”的缩写。PCC的使用在过去几年中增加，并且现今PCC是在瑞典生产高级纸的主要填料。
然而，添加填料导致纸的强度降低，因此向造纸原料悬浮体中添加填料的量通常存在实际的限制。与纸中较高量的填料有关的另一个问题是扬尘(粉尘、粉化)，即纸张表面松散且较弱地结合的颗粒脱落的趋势，例如源自填料的PCC，其可在印刷机械上积聚。
发明内容
本发明的一个目标是容许造纸机提高纸或纸板的填料含量。
本发明的另一个目标是降低纸或纸板的扬尘趋势。
这些和另外的问题通过本发明解决。
本发明涉及造纸和纸板的方法，所述方法包括步骤：
a.提供原料悬浮体；
b.向所述原料悬浮体添加碱金属硅酸盐和沉淀碳酸钙的混合物；
c.基本上直接在步骤b之前和/或之后向所述原料悬浮体添加酸性介质；
d.形成在步骤(d)中获得的原料悬浮体的幅材
e.干燥所述幅材
根据本发明向原料悬浮体添加碱金属硅酸盐和PCC的混合物以及酸性介质改善纤维和填料(PCC)之间的结合，由此降低了与扬尘(粉尘)有关的问题。此外，该方法能够在实质上不影响强度的情况下向纸添加更高量的填料。
PCC和碱金属硅酸盐的混合物是碱性的，并且例如可具有约12的pH。在原料中纤维的存在下使所述混合物与酸性介质接触时，PCC变成阴离子型的，并且由此在纤维和PCC之间形成更强的结合。碱金属硅酸盐与PCC形成弱复合物，这使得与酸性介质的反应更有效。可以例如0.3至2重量％或0.5至2重量％(基于PCC的干重计算)的量向PCC分散体添加碱金属硅酸盐。
如本文所用的表述“直接在…之前和/或之后”可在步骤(b)之前或之后30秒以内的时间跨度内，或优选地在步骤(b)之前和/或之后1和10秒之间的时间跨度内。
碱金属硅酸盐可为水溶液的形式，在向原料悬浮体添加之前该溶液与PCC颗粒混合。碱金属硅酸盐优选为硅酸钠(例如以水玻璃的形式)和/或硅酸钾。
优选地，在添加PCC和硅酸钠的混合物之后，直接向原料悬浮体添加酸性介质。这降低了酸性介质与例如来自循环的白水的原料悬浮体中存在的PCC残余物反应形成二氧化碳的倾向。
在添加PCC和硅酸钠的混合物以及酸性介质之前或之后(即在步骤(b)之前或步骤(c)之后)，优选向原料悬浮体添加阳离子活性淀粉和/或阳离子合成聚合物。添加阳离子淀粉和/或阳离子合成聚合物以稳定湿部化学物质中电荷之间的平衡。可以例如5至15公斤/吨生产纸的量向悬浮体添加阳离子活性淀粉。可以例如100至1000g/吨的量向悬浮体添加阳离子合成聚合物。
酸性介质可包括矿物酸、酸性金属盐和二氧化碳中的任一种。在一种模式中，酸性介质包括酸性盐，优选铝盐如硫酸铝、聚硝酸铝、聚氯化铝(PAC)或明矾(例如硫酸铝钾)。可以1至5kg/吨纸的量添加酸性介质例如PAC。当向原料悬浮体添加包括水溶性铝盐的酸性介质时，其中原料包括PCC和碱金属硅酸盐，部分碱金属硅酸盐形成聚硅铝酸盐(PAS)，其具有在宽的pH值范围内保持PCC的高阴离子电荷的益处。
具体实施方式
根据本发明提供方法，其中向原料悬浮体添加碱金属硅酸盐和沉淀碳酸钙的混合物，在这之后或之前向所述原料悬浮体中添加酸性介质。这样，PCC/碱金属复合物对纤维的亲和性增强，其容许向原料悬浮体添加更多量的填料，并且避免例如粉化的问题。
PCC颗粒通常具有2至3μm的粒径。碱金属硅酸盐优选以溶液(例如水玻璃)的形式提供并且混合至PCC分散体的流中。
“原料悬浮体”意为包括纤维素纤维的造纸原料-悬浮体。原料悬浮体可包括原生纸浆悬浮体(长纤维纸浆、短纤维纸浆、机械纸浆、热机械纸浆、化学纸浆、微纤维纸浆、纳米纤维纸浆)、再生纸浆悬浮体(来自纤维回收过滤器的纤维部分、再生纸浆、废弃品)、添加剂悬浮体和含固体的滤液。这种添加剂悬浮体可例如包括助留剂、表面活性剂、消泡剂、施胶剂或本领域技术人员已知的其它湿部化学品。
可向造纸机的短循环中的原料-悬浮体的流连续地进料PCC和碱金属硅酸盐的混合物，即向纤维幅材或造纸原料悬浮体中。添加点可例如在机器箱和流浆箱之间的任何地方。可以20至25重量％的量向原料-悬浮体添加混合物。可以1至5kg/吨生产纸的量在PCC和碱金属硅酸盐的所述添加下游或上游1至10秒添加酸性介质。
本发明的方法可用于生产任何种类的纸或纸板。本发明在高级纸、超级压光纸或新闻用纸的生产中是特别有价值的。本发明可增加新闻用纸中的填料以增加灰分含量，由此提高纸张的印刷质量和不透明度。
通过本发明的方法，纸中填料的总百分比可增加5％(即填料量可从20％增加至25％)。未经涂布的高级纸中的填料含量可为例如25至35重量％，基于干纸。在新闻用纸中，向泵添加的填料的含量可为例如10至15％。
通过实施例并且参照图1进一步描述本发明。
根据所述实施例，提供了包括30％的针叶木牛皮纸浆和70％的阔叶木牛皮纸浆的纸浆悬浮体(1)。向所述悬浮体以约10kg/吨纸的量添加阳离子淀粉(2)。向20％分散体PCC(3)的流添加包括约28至32％硅酸钠的水玻璃，并且基本上直接在向原料悬浮体(1)添加之前在静态混合器中混合。在该实施例中，水玻璃的剂量为3.33kg/250kg PCC干重。以如此形成的纸的25重量％的量向纸浆悬浮体添加PCC和硅酸钠的混合物。在添加所述混合物5秒之后，以3kg/吨形成纸的量向纸浆悬浮体添加PAC(5)。
还可向原料悬浮体添加常规地用于造纸中的另外的湿部化学品。此后，将原料进料至造纸机的流浆箱(未示出)。

Claims (6)

1.制造纸或纸板的方法，其包括步骤：
a.提供原料悬浮体；
b.向所述原料悬浮体添加碱金属硅酸盐和沉淀碳酸钙的混合物；
c.基本上直接在步骤b之前和/或之后向所述原料悬浮体添加酸性介质；
d.形成在步骤(d)中所获得的原料悬浮体的幅材
e.干燥所述幅材。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中所述碱金属硅酸盐为硅酸钠和/或硅酸钾。
3.根据权利要求1至2的任一项的方法，其中基本上直接在步骤(b)之后在步骤(c)中向原料悬浮体添加酸性介质。
4.根据权利要求1至3的任一项的方法，其中酸性介质包括矿物酸、酸性金属盐和二氧化碳中的任一种。
5.根据权利要求4的方法，其中酸性介质包括酸性盐，例如硫酸铵、硫酸铝、聚硝酸铝或聚氯化铝。
6.根据权利要求1至5的任一项的方法，其中向原料悬浮体添加阳离子淀粉和/或阳离子合成聚合物。
CN201580037783.3A 2014-07-11 2015-07-07 增加纸或纸板中填料含量的方法 Pending CN106536822A (zh)

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