CN106487184A - 家用电器、泵、单相永磁电机及其定子磁芯 - Google Patents

家用电器、泵、单相永磁电机及其定子磁芯 Download PDF

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CN106487184A
CN106487184A CN201610217301.9A CN201610217301A CN106487184A CN 106487184 A CN106487184 A CN 106487184A CN 201610217301 A CN201610217301 A CN 201610217301A CN 106487184 A CN106487184 A CN 106487184A
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stator core
pawl
rotor
pole
groove
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CN106487184B (zh
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李越
周垂有
王勇
李勇
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DECHANG ELECTRIC MACHINE (SHENZHEN) Co Ltd
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DECHANG ELECTRIC MACHINE (SHENZHEN) Co Ltd
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Priority to DE102016116189.6A priority Critical patent/DE102016116189A1/de
Priority to DE202016104775.7U priority patent/DE202016104775U1/de
Priority to KR1020160112630A priority patent/KR20170028271A/ko
Priority to JP2016170700A priority patent/JP2017060390A/ja
Priority to JP2017000285U priority patent/JP3209790U/ja
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/145Stator cores with salient poles having an annular coil, e.g. of the claw-pole type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/141Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
    • H02K1/143Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores of the horse-shoe type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/141Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/18Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having horse-shoe armature cores
    • H02K21/185Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having horse-shoe armature cores with the axis of the rotor perpendicular to the plane of the armature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/18Windings for salient poles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/46Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/52Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto
    • H02K3/521Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto applicable to stators only
    • H02K3/525Annular coils, e.g. for cores of the claw-pole type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/03Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Brushless Motors (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种单相永磁电机,包括定子磁芯、缠绕于定子磁芯上的绕组、以及可相对定子旋转的永磁转子,所述定子磁芯包括端部以及由端部伸出的两臂部,所述两臂部间隔设置,每一臂部包括与端部连接的连接臂以及形成于连接臂的末端的极爪,所述两极爪内形成空间容纳转子,所述极爪环绕所述空间形成极弧面,所述定子磁芯的极弧面环绕转子并与转子形成气隙,所述极弧面内凹形成有启动槽,所述启动槽位于极爪的中心轴上,所述两极爪之间间隔从而在极弧面上形成两槽口,所述两槽口之间的连线与所述极爪的中心轴正交,使得电机再次启动时可以双方向快速启动。

Description

家用电器、泵、单相永磁电机及其定子磁芯
技术领域
本发明涉及单相电机,尤其涉及单相永磁电机的定子磁芯。
背景技术
单相永磁电机通常由定子磁芯、定子绕组、以及永磁转子构成。其中,定子磁芯通常为U形,包括两间隔设置的极臂。每一极臂的末端形成一极爪,每一极爪的内壁内凹形成极弧面。所述绕组即缠绕于极臂上,所述转子则设置于两极爪之间,与极弧面相对,两者之间形成大致均匀的气隙。
为便于转子的启动,在极弧面上内凹形成有启动槽,所述启动槽偏离极爪的中心轴,如此令转子在断电停止转动后其极轴相对于极爪的中心轴偏转一定角度,形成启动角,配合相应的启动电路,使得转子在下一次通电时能以特定方向顺利启动。然而,上述单相永磁电机不能双向启动,其应用领域会受到一定限制。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种能双向启动的单相永磁电机及其定子磁芯。
一方面,本发明提供一种定子磁芯,包括端部以及由端部伸出的两臂部,所述两臂部间隔设置,每一臂部包括与端部连接的连接臂以及形成于连接臂的末端的极爪,所述两极爪内形成空间用于容纳转子,所述极爪环绕所述空间形成极弧面,所述极弧面内凹形成有启动槽,所述启动槽位于极爪的中心轴上,所述两极爪之间间隔从而在极弧面上形成两槽口,所述两槽口之间的连线与所述极爪的中心轴正交。
再一方面,本发明提供一种单相永磁电机,包括上述定子磁芯、缠绕于定子磁芯上的绕组、以及可相对定子旋转的永磁转子,所述转子设置于两极爪内的空间,所述定子磁芯的极弧面环绕转子并与转子形成气隙。
本发明提供一种泵,所述泵包括前述的单相永磁电机。
本发明提供一种家用电器,所述家用电器包括如前所述的泵。
相较于现有技术,本发明电机的定子磁芯的极弧面内凹形成启动槽,所述启动槽位于极爪的中心轴上,使得电机再次启动时可以双方向快速启动。
附图说明
图1为本发明单相永磁电机一实施例的结构示意图。
图2为图1的爆炸图。
图3为图1的俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述,将使本发明的技术方案及其他有益效果显而易见。可以理解,附图仅提供参考与说明用,并非用来对本发明加以限制。附图中显示的尺寸仅仅是为便于清晰描述,而并不限定比例关系。
图1所示为根据本发明一实施例的单相永磁电机的结构示意图,所述电机包括定子磁芯10、缠绕于磁芯10上的绕组(图未示)、以及可转动地设置于磁芯10内的永磁转子12。图示中,为清楚显示本发明电机的定子磁芯10的结构及特点,电机的部分元件,如绕组、控制绕组电流的电路、电机的外壳等并未示出,其可以是现有单相永磁电机中的相应结构。所述永磁转子12内可固定穿设一转轴,用于与负载连接,绕组通电时磁芯10被极化,与永磁转子12的磁场作用推动永磁转子12转动,进而带动负载工作。
所述磁芯10由软磁材料,比如铁磁材料等制成。较佳地,如图2所示,本实施例中,所述磁芯10为U型磁芯,包括端部14、以及由所述端部14垂直向外伸出的极臂16。本实施例中,所述极臂16由两独立的臂部18构成。所述两臂部18间隔平行设置,两者之间形成空间,方便绕组的缠绕。本实施例中,所述端部14与极臂16的两臂部18分别成型后通过机械连接的方式相连,如此可以分别在臂部18上绕设完绕组之后再与端部14连接,使得绕组的缠绕更为方便、快捷。较佳地,所述端部14与两臂部18分别由若干薄片,如矽钢片等堆叠而成。图示中仅示意性示出端部14、臂部18堆叠成型后的整体外形,并未显示多层堆叠的具体结构。
为方便薄片的组装,可在每一薄片上均对应地形成装配孔20,本实施例中所述装配孔20为下凹的盲孔,薄片在堆叠时相邻的盲孔之间凹凸配合并卡扣连接,形成端部14与臂部18。本实施例中,所述端部14在靠近其两侧端的位置分别形成有卡槽22,对应地所述两臂部18分别在其朝向端部14的端面上向外凸出形成有卡块24。所述两臂部18的卡块24沿轴向分别卡入一相应的卡槽22内,将臂部18与端部14相连,形成磁芯10。较佳地,所述卡槽22与卡块24形成燕尾型卡扣连接,避免连接后脱开。在其它实施例中,所述卡槽22也可以形成于臂部18上,相应地所述卡块24形成于端部14上,同样地通过卡扣方式连接形成所述磁芯10。
所述极臂16的两臂部18结构基本相同,每一臂部18均呈长条状,包括与端部14相连的连接臂26及形成于连接臂26的末端的极爪28。所述两臂部18的连接臂26平行间隔设置,中间间隔一定宽度;两极爪28相向且间隔设置,其相向的内壁面凹陷形成极弧面30,所述极弧面30界定一用于收容转子12的收容空间32。所述收容空间32大致呈圆柱状,与转子12同轴设置。所述收容空间32的直径略大于转子12的直径,从而极弧面30与转子12的外表面在径向上间隔一小的距离,形成大致均匀的气隙。
本实施例中,每一极爪28大致呈C形,其周向的两侧相对连接臂26横向向外伸出,分别形成极尖34。所述极尖34相对于端部14大致平行,对应位于两连接臂26之间的间隔处。较佳地,所述极尖34伸出的长度小于两连接臂26之间的间隔的宽度的一半。如此臂部18在拼装后,两极爪30对应的极尖34相向设置并在两者之间形成一小的槽口36,使得极弧面30在周向上呈断开设置。较佳地,所述槽口36的位置正对两连接臂26的间隔的中央。较佳地,所述极弧面30在周向上断开的宽度,即齿槽36的宽度,小于极弧面30与转子12之间的气隙宽度的3倍。更优地,所述槽口36的宽度小于极弧面30与转子12之间的气隙的宽度的两倍,在尽量避免漏磁的同时尽量降低齿槽转矩,保证电机的效率并降低其噪音。
请同时参阅图3,所述极弧面30内凹形成有两起动槽38,所述两起动槽38分别位于两极爪28上。每一启动槽38位于相应的极爪28在周向上的中央位置。启动槽38本身呈轴对称结构,其对称轴与极爪28的中心轴X重合,启动槽38的深度由其周向的两侧向中央逐渐增加,在对应中心轴X位置处,启动槽38具有最大的深度。由于极弧面30内凹形成有启动槽38,在启动槽38位置处磁芯10与转子12之间形成不均匀气隙,并且在启动槽38对应极爪28的中心轴X位置处具有最大气隙。因此,本发明所称的极弧面30与转子12的外表面在径向上形成大致均匀的气隙是指除开启动槽38的部分形成基本均匀的气隙。
本实施例中,将启动槽38设置于极爪28的中心轴X上,并在对应中心轴X位置处形成最大气隙,当电机在断电静止时,转子12的磁极中心线与定子极中心轴X重合,转子12的磁极正对极爪28的极尖34,如此形成90度的启动角,电机再次启动时,转子12可以顺时针或逆时针方向转动,也就是说电机可以双向快速启动,特别适用于对转动方向没有要求的场合。
优选地,本实施例的单相永磁电机为单相永磁无刷同步电机,所述电机尤其适用于家用电器如洗衣机或洗碗机的排水泵或循环泵等。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种定子磁芯,包括端部以及由端部伸出的两臂部,所述两臂部间隔设置,每一臂部包括与端部连接的连接臂以及形成于连接臂的末端的极爪,所述两极爪内形成空间用于容纳转子,所述极爪环绕所述空间形成极弧面,其特征在于,所述极弧面内凹形成有启动槽,所述启动槽位于极爪的中心轴上,所述两极爪之间间隔从而在极弧面上形成两槽口,所述两槽口之间的连线与所述极爪的中心轴正交。
2.如权利要求1所述的定子磁芯,其特征在于,所述启动槽相对极爪的中心轴对称。
3.如权利要求1所述的定子磁芯,其特征在于,所述启动槽的深度由其周向两侧向中央逐渐增大,在对应极爪的中心轴位置处具有最大深度。
4.如权利要求1所述的定子磁芯,其特征在于,所述极弧面相对极爪的中心轴呈轴对称结构。
5.如权利要求1所述的定子磁芯,其特征在于,所述极爪的周向两侧向外伸出形成有极尖,两极爪对应的极尖之间间隔从而形成所述槽口,所述槽口的宽度小于连接臂之间间隔的宽度。
6.如权利要求1-5任一项所述的定子磁芯,其特征在于,所述端部与臂部分别由若干薄片堆叠而成并机械相连,所述臂部与端部其中之一形成有卡槽,其中之另一形成有卡块,所述卡块分别卡设于相应的卡槽内将臂部与端部连接。
7.一种单相永磁电机,包括定子磁芯、缠绕于定子磁芯上的绕组、以及可相对定子旋转的永磁转子,其特征在于,所述定子磁芯为权利要求1-6任一项所述的定子磁芯,所述转子设置于两极爪内的空间,所述定子磁芯的极弧面环绕转子并与转子形成气隙。
8.如权利要求7所述的单相永磁电机,其特征在于,所述极弧面除启动槽外到转子中心的距离相等。
9.一种泵,其特征在于,所述泵包括如权利要求7或8所述的单相永磁电机。
10.一种家用电器,其特征在于,所述家用电器包括如权利要求9所述的泵。
CN201610217301.9A 2015-09-01 2016-04-08 家用电器、泵、单相永磁电机及其定子磁芯 Expired - Fee Related CN106487184B (zh)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016116189.6A DE102016116189A1 (de) 2015-09-01 2016-08-31 Haushaltsgerät, Pumpe, einphasiger Permanentmagnetmotor und Ständerkern davon
DE202016104775.7U DE202016104775U1 (de) 2015-09-01 2016-08-31 Haushaltsgerät, Pumpe, einphasiger Permanentmagnetmotor und Ständerkern davon
KR1020160112630A KR20170028271A (ko) 2015-09-01 2016-09-01 가정용 기기, 펌프, 단상 영구 자석 모터 및 그 고정자 코어
JP2016170700A JP2017060390A (ja) 2015-09-01 2016-09-01 家庭用電気器具、ポンプ、単相永久磁石モータ及びそのステータコア
JP2017000285U JP3209790U (ja) 2015-09-01 2017-01-26 家庭用電気器具、ポンプ、単相永久磁石モータ及びそのステータコア

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