CN106478122A - 一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖 - Google Patents
一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
发明公开了一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,由以下成分制成:莫来石、钾长石、沸石、铝矾土、废旧陶瓷、氧化铝晶须、改性麦饭石、高岭土、贝壳粉、纳米二氧化硅、玻璃纤维。本发明陶瓷砖机械性能好,强度高,耐热性好,抗腐蚀能力强,吸水速度慢,质量好,工艺简单易操作,成本低廉,适合产业化生产,应用前景广阔。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷材料领域,特别是涉及一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖。
背景技术
陶瓷砖是由粘土、铝矾土以及其他无机非金属原料,经配料、球磨、制粉、成型、烧结等工艺生产的板状或块状陶瓷制品,广泛应用于装饰与保护建筑物、构筑物的墙面和地面。随着房地产业的迅速发展,使得瓷砖的生产和消费都获得了较大的发展,同时对瓷砖的综合性能要求越来越高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,通过以下技术方案实现:
一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,由以下重量份的原料制成:莫来石13-17、钾长石14-18、沸石7-10、铝矾土6-12、废旧陶瓷44-46、氧化铝晶须4-6、改性麦饭石10-14、高岭土18-24、贝壳粉13-16、纳米二氧化硅0.2-0.6、玻璃纤维1-4;
所述改性麦饭石的制备方法如下:
a.按质量比35:2:1称取麦饭石、富勒烯、纳米碳酸钙,混合均匀,放入麦饭石质量3倍乙醇中,在10-14℃下,保温2-3h,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤,烘干,在122-124℃下,保温2-3天,然后以10℃/min速度加热至522-524℃,保温1-2h,再以5℃/min速度冷却至122-124℃,然后进行粉碎,过220-260目筛,得到混合固体粉末,待用;
b.按重量份将以下成分:双水杨酸酯2、双乙烯酮3、羧甲基纤维素钠5、琥珀酰亚胺0.6、水100均匀混合到一起,加热至52-55℃,保温3-5h,得到改性溶液,待用;
c.按重量份将以下成分:节节草12、蛤蟆衣14、野艾蒿8,均匀混合到一起,放入沸水中浸泡30s后,然后采用80%体积百分比浓度乙醇溶剂,料液比1: 35,在58℃下回流提取2 h,离心得上清液,再旋转蒸发浓缩,然后冷冻干燥制得辅助剂;
d.将步骤a制得的混合固体粉末与步骤b制得的改性溶液按重量比1:20的比例混合后,加热至55-58℃,保温1-2h,然后添加麦饭石质量8.5%的钛酸酯偶联剂,搅拌均匀后,加热至72-75℃,保温5-8h,然后自然冷却至室温,进行固液分离,所得固体进一步粉碎,过280-320目筛,然后与将步骤c中制备的辅助剂按1000:1质量比例混合,即得所需改性麦饭石。
进一步的,所述废旧陶瓷经过预处理:将废旧陶瓷粉碎至120-150目,然后添加其质量3-4倍的质量分数为2.4%的水杨酸溶液,浸泡3-5天后,过滤,表面清洗烘干后,在462-464℃下煅烧30min,然后冷却至室温。
进一步的,所述玻璃纤维与纳米二氧化硅混合后,经过玻璃纤维质量4.65%的硅烷偶联剂处理。
进一步的,所述的保温隔音陶瓷砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取莫来石、钾长石、沸石、铝矾土、氧化铝晶须混合均匀,粉碎,过280-320目筛,然后加入粉末重量6.8-7.2%的竹醋液,搅拌均匀,然后制成粒径为2-3mm的颗粒,烘干,在1000-1100℃焙烧下10-12min,自然冷却至常温,待用;
(2)将经过处理的废旧陶瓷、高岭土、贝壳粉和经过处理的纳米二氧化硅、玻璃纤维,一起进行粉碎后,过280-320目筛后,待用;
(3)将步骤(1)和步骤(2)制得的材料与改性麦饭石均匀混合到一起,加热至120-135℃,保温8-10h,然后自然冷却至室温,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的混合料送到成型机在77-79MPa下压制成砖坯;
(5)将步骤(4)中制得的砖坯以3-4℃/min的速率升温至1350-1390℃,保温3-4h,再以2-4℃/min的速率降温至-6--4℃,保温1-2h,自然恢复至常温,经磨边、包装即得成品。
本发明配制的改性麦饭石通过与一定质量的富勒烯、纳米碳酸钙混合后,再经过本发明配制的改性溶液的处理,和添加的辅助剂,能够极大的改变麦饭石的表面性质,提高其表面相容性,通过改性麦饭石与本发明其它成分的协同作用,可以极大的提高机械性能,耐火隔热、健康环保、降低导热系数,尤其是,可以使得陶瓷砖内部结构摆列更加紧密,显著的提高了陶瓷砖的硬度,同时还能再一定程度上降低陶瓷砖的易脆性,并且降低了陶瓷砖的吸水速度,通过对废旧陶瓷的处理,能够改善其物理结构,从而增强陶瓷砖的机械强度,通过在改性麦饭石中添加本发明配制的辅助剂,能够使得制得的陶瓷砖的净化性能的到极大的提高,并且能够,增进人体身心的调和,使人体得到异常之舒畅,让人精神饱满,心情开朗,活力十足,能够适用于卧室装饰用。
本发明有益效果:本发明陶瓷砖机械性能好,强度高,耐热性好,抗腐蚀能力强,经久耐用,且原料来源广泛,工艺简单易操作,成本低廉,适合产业化生产,应用前景广阔,同时本发明制得的陶瓷砖硬度高,寿命长,相较于普通陶瓷砖的使用寿命提高了2-3倍,本发明通过各成分之间的协同作用,不仅提高了陶瓷砖的硬度,还在一定程度上降低了陶瓷砖的脆性,从而提高了本发明陶瓷砖的应用范围,还降低了陶瓷砖的吸水速度,瓷砖吸水的速度越快则说明瓷砖质量越差,本发明陶瓷砖相较于普通陶瓷砖吸收速度降低了45%以上,本发明陶瓷砖销售较普通陶瓷砖的平均销量提高14.2%,经济收入提高16.9%。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,由以下重量份的原料制成:莫来石13、钾长石14、沸石7、铝矾土6、废旧陶瓷44、氧化铝晶须4、改性麦饭石10、高岭土18、贝壳粉13、纳米二氧化硅0.2、玻璃纤维1;
所述改性麦饭石的制备方法如下:
a.按质量比35:2:1称取麦饭石、富勒烯、纳米碳酸钙,混合均匀,放入麦饭石质量3倍乙醇中,在10℃下,保温2-3h,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤,烘干,在122℃下,保温2天,然后以10℃/min速度加热至522℃,保温1h,再以5℃/min速度冷却至122℃,然后进行粉碎,过220-260目筛,得到混合固体粉末,待用;
b.按重量份将以下成分:双水杨酸酯2、双乙烯酮3、羧甲基纤维素钠5、琥珀酰亚胺0.6、水100均匀混合到一起,加热至52℃,保温3h,得到改性溶液,待用;
c.按重量份将以下成分:节节草12、蛤蟆衣14、野艾蒿8,均匀混合到一起,放入沸水中浸泡30s后,然后采用80%体积百分比浓度乙醇溶剂,料液比1: 35,在58℃下回流提取2 h,离心得上清液,再旋转蒸发浓缩,然后冷冻干燥制得辅助剂;
d.将步骤a制得的混合固体粉末与步骤b制得的改性溶液按重量比1:20的比例混合后,加热至55-58℃,保温1h,然后添加麦饭石质量8.5%的钛酸酯偶联剂,搅拌均匀后,加热至72℃,保温5-8h,然后自然冷却至室温,进行固液分离,所得固体进一步粉碎,过280目筛,然后与将步骤c中制备的辅助剂按1000:1质量比例混合,即得所需改性麦饭石。
实施例2
一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,由以下重量份的原料制成:莫来石17、钾长石18、沸石10、铝矾土12、废旧陶瓷46、氧化铝晶须6、改性麦饭石14、高岭土18-24、贝壳粉16、纳米二氧化硅0.6、玻璃纤维4;
所述改性麦饭石的制备方法如下:
a.按质量比35:2:1称取麦饭石、富勒烯、纳米碳酸钙,混合均匀,放入麦饭石质量3倍乙醇中,在14℃下,保温3h,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤,烘干,在124℃下,保温3天,然后以10℃/min速度加热至524℃,保温2h,再以5℃/min速度冷却至124℃,然后进行粉碎,过260目筛,得到混合固体粉末,待用;
b.按重量份将以下成分:双水杨酸酯2、双乙烯酮3、羧甲基纤维素钠5、琥珀酰亚胺0.6、水100均匀混合到一起,加热至55℃,保温5h,得到改性溶液,待用;
c.按重量份将以下成分:节节草12、蛤蟆衣14、野艾蒿8,均匀混合到一起,放入沸水中浸泡30s后,然后采用80%体积百分比浓度乙醇溶剂,料液比1: 35,在58℃下回流提取2 h,离心得上清液,再旋转蒸发浓缩,然后冷冻干燥制得辅助剂;
d.将步骤a制得的混合固体粉末与步骤b制得的改性溶液按重量比1:20的比例混合后,加热至58℃,保温2h,然后添加麦饭石质量8.5%的钛酸酯偶联剂,搅拌均匀后,加热至75℃,保温8h,然后自然冷却至室温,进行固液分离,所得固体进一步粉碎,过320目筛,然后与将步骤c中制备的辅助剂按1000:1质量比例混合,即得所需改性麦饭石。
实施例3
一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,由以下重量份的原料制成:莫来石15、钾长石16、沸石8、铝矾土7、废旧陶瓷45、氧化铝晶须5、改性麦饭石12、高岭土19、贝壳粉14、纳米二氧化硅0.4、玻璃纤维2;
所述改性麦饭石的制备方法如下:
a.按质量比35:2:1称取麦饭石、富勒烯、纳米碳酸钙,混合均匀,放入麦饭石质量3倍乙醇中,在12℃下,保温2h,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤,烘干,在123℃下,保温2天,然后以10℃/min速度加热至523℃,保温1h,再以5℃/min速度冷却至123℃,然后进行粉碎,过240目筛,得到混合固体粉末,待用;
b.按重量份将以下成分:双水杨酸酯2、双乙烯酮3、羧甲基纤维素钠5、琥珀酰亚胺0.6、水100均匀混合到一起,加热至54℃,保温4h,得到改性溶液,待用;
c.按重量份将以下成分:节节草12、蛤蟆衣14、野艾蒿8,均匀混合到一起,放入沸水中浸泡30s后,然后采用80%体积百分比浓度乙醇溶剂,料液比1: 35,在58℃下回流提取2 h,离心得上清液,再旋转蒸发浓缩,然后冷冻干燥制得辅助剂;
d.将步骤a制得的混合固体粉末与步骤b制得的改性溶液按重量比1:20的比例混合后,加热至57℃,保温2h,然后添加麦饭石质量8.5%的钛酸酯偶联剂,搅拌均匀后,加热至74℃,保温6h,然后自然冷却至室温,进行固液分离,所得固体进一步粉碎,过310目筛,然后与将步骤c中制备的辅助剂按1000:1质量比例混合,即得所需改性麦饭石。
上述实施例中:
进一步的,所述废旧陶瓷经过预处理:将废旧陶瓷粉碎至130目,然后添加其质量4倍的质量分数为2.4%的水杨酸溶液,浸泡4天后,过滤,表面清洗烘干后,在465℃下煅烧30min,然后冷却至室温。
进一步的,所述玻璃纤维与纳米二氧化硅混合后,经过玻璃纤维质量4.65%的硅烷偶联剂处理。
进一步的,所述的保温隔音陶瓷砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取莫来石、钾长石、沸石、铝矾土、氧化铝晶须混合均匀,粉碎,过310目筛,然后加入粉末重量7.0%的竹醋液,搅拌均匀,然后制成粒径为3mm的颗粒,烘干,在1070℃焙烧下11min,自然冷却至常温,待用;
(2)将经过处理的废旧陶瓷、高岭土、贝壳粉和经过处理的纳米二氧化硅、玻璃纤维,一起进行粉碎后,过310目筛后,待用;
(3)将步骤(1)和步骤(2)制得的材料与改性麦饭石均匀混合到一起,加热至130℃,保温9h,然后自然冷却至室温,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的混合料送到成型机在78MPa下压制成砖坯;
(5)将步骤(4)中制得的砖坯以4℃/min的速率升温至1360℃,保温4h,再以2℃/min的速率降温至-6℃,保温2h,自然恢复至常温,经磨边、包装即得成品。
对比例1:与实施例1区别仅为将改性麦饭石替换成普通未改性麦饭石。
对比例2:与实施例1区别仅为不对废旧陶瓷处理。
性能比较
表1
抗折强度MPa | 导热系数W/m·k | 莫氏硬度/级 | 耐磨度 | |
实施例1 | 19.9 | 5.6 | 7 | 4 |
实施例2 | 19.8 | 5.5 | 7 | 4 |
实施例3 | 19.9 | 5.5 | 7 | 4 |
对比例1 | 15.6 | 9.6 | 5 | 2 |
对比例2 | 18.1 | 6.5 | 7 | 3 |
由表1可以看出,本发明制备的陶瓷砖性能优越。
经测试,本发明陶瓷砖的机械性能和力学性能相较于采用未改性麦饭石制备的陶瓷砖提高幅度达到了27%左右,这对于改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖来说是一个很大的进步,本发明陶瓷砖相较于普通陶瓷砖吸水速度更低,采用未改性麦饭石制备的陶瓷砖的吸水速度相较于普通陶瓷砖的吸水速度仅仅降低了20%左右。
Claims (5)
1.一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:莫来石13-17、钾长石14-18、沸石7-10、铝矾土6-12、废旧陶瓷44-46、氧化铝晶须4-6、改性麦饭石10-14、高岭土18-24、贝壳粉13-16、纳米二氧化硅0.2-0.6、玻璃纤维1-4。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,其特征在于,所述改性麦饭石的制备方法如下:
a.按质量比35:2:1称取麦饭石、富勒烯、纳米碳酸钙,混合均匀,放入麦饭石质量3倍乙醇中,在10-14℃下,保温2-3h,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤,烘干,在122-124℃下,保温2-3天,然后以10℃/min速度加热至522-524℃,保温1-2h,再以5℃/min速度冷却至122-124℃,然后进行粉碎,过220-260目筛,得到混合固体粉末,待用;
b.按重量份将以下成分:双水杨酸酯2、双乙烯酮3、羧甲基纤维素钠5、琥珀酰亚胺0.6、水100均匀混合到一起,加热至52-55℃,保温3-5h,得到改性溶液,待用;
c.按重量份将以下成分:节节草12、蛤蟆衣14、野艾蒿8,均匀混合到一起,放入沸水中浸泡30s后,然后采用80%体积百分比浓度乙醇溶剂,料液比1: 35,在58℃下回流提取2 h,离心得上清液,再旋转蒸发浓缩,然后冷冻干燥制得辅助剂;
d.将步骤a制得的混合固体粉末与步骤b制得的改性溶液按重量比1:20的比例混合后,加热至55-58℃,保温1-2h,然后添加麦饭石质量8.5%的钛酸酯偶联剂,搅拌均匀后,加热至72-75℃,保温5-8h,然后自然冷却至室温,进行固液分离,所得固体进一步粉碎,过280-320目筛,然后与将步骤c中制备的辅助剂按1000:1质量比例混合,即得所需改性麦饭石。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,其特征在于,所述废旧陶瓷经过预处理:将废旧陶瓷粉碎至120-150目,然后添加其质量3-4倍的质量分数为2.4%的水杨酸溶液,浸泡3-5天后,过滤,表面清洗烘干后,在462-464℃下煅烧30min,然后冷却至室温。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,其特征在于,所述玻璃纤维与纳米二氧化硅混合后,经过玻璃纤维质量4.65%的硅烷偶联剂处理。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性麦饭石增强的陶瓷砖,其特征在于,所述的保温隔音陶瓷砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取莫来石、钾长石、沸石、铝矾土、氧化铝晶须混合均匀,粉碎,过280-320目筛,然后加入粉末重量6.8-7.2%的竹醋液,搅拌均匀,然后制成粒径为2-3mm的颗粒,烘干,在1000-1100℃焙烧下10-12min,自然冷却至常温,待用;
(2)将经过处理的废旧陶瓷、高岭土、贝壳粉和经过处理的纳米二氧化硅、玻璃纤维,一起进行粉碎后,过280-320目筛后,待用;
(3)将步骤(1)和步骤(2)制得的材料与改性麦饭石均匀混合到一起,加热至120-135℃,保温8-10h,然后自然冷却至室温,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的混合料送到成型机在77-79MPa下压制成砖坯;
(5)将步骤(4)中制得的砖坯以3-4℃/min的速率升温至1350-1390℃,保温3-4h,再以2-4℃/min的速率降温至-6--4℃,保温1-2h,自然恢复至常温,经磨边、包装即得成品。
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CN110342756A (zh) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-18 | 杭州珊瑚环境科技有限公司 | 一种水体底泥的原位生态修复方法 |
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