CN106476353A - 一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106476353A
CN106476353A CN201610838922.9A CN201610838922A CN106476353A CN 106476353 A CN106476353 A CN 106476353A CN 201610838922 A CN201610838922 A CN 201610838922A CN 106476353 A CN106476353 A CN 106476353A
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fabric
fiber
moisture absorbing
sweat releasing
layer
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CN106476353B (zh
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王文庆
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Fujian Nanping Yier Infants Clothing Co ltd
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Dongguan Lianzhou Intellectual Property Operation and Management Co Ltd
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    • D03D13/004—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft with weave pattern being non-standard or providing special effects
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    • D03—WEAVING
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Abstract

本发明提供一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将棉纤维经碱液活化处理后，经纳米壳寡糖整理得到纳米材料改性的棉纤维；将超细涤纶纤维经低温等离子体改性得到表面改性的超细涤纶纤维；将纳米材料改性的棉纤维、表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维分别经络筒、整经和上浆，在喷气织机上，分别以三上一下斜纹、平纹作、二上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成上中下层，用纳米材料改性的棉纤维作为接结线，将上表面层、中间层和下表面层复合形成坯布；将坯布经染色、水洗、热定型形成会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。

Description

一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织材料技术领域，具体涉及一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着科学技术和人们生活水平的不断提高，人们对服装面料的舒适性、保健性、安全性和环保性能有了越来越高的要求，而且随着全球变暖现象的日益严重，舒适透气排汗功能的面料显得十分重要。
目前服装面料多分为两种，一种为以棉纤维为主的天然纤维，天然纤维吸湿性好，穿着舒适，但是水分发散速度较慢，容易造成湿冷感，另一种为以涤纶为主的合成纤维，合成纤维吸湿性小，透气性差，也容易产生静电，但是水分发散速度快。因此单纯的依靠传统纤维难以得到舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
为了达到这一要求，通常是开发新的纤维原料或者对现有的纤维进行处理，如开发新型的动植物纤维，使纤维的表面形成沟槽产生毛细管效应。中国专利CN 104271824B公开的一种会呼吸的全粒面仿皮的生产方法，将超细纤维经编织物作为面料、针织拉绒布为底料的复合织物作为原料，在原料的表面涂覆两层以上的聚氨酯树脂，再经压花和涂覆丙烯酸树脂与聚氨酯的混合物，经水洗烘干得到产品。中国专利CN 100371525C公开了一种纳米会呼吸多功能面料的制备方法，将纳米双疏母液与水混合形成整理液，将涤纶/尼龙基布浸入整理液中形成预处理布面，然后在预处理布面涂覆一层由二甲基而酰胺、纳米抗远红外线母粒、聚氨酯甲酸酯和高氟化丁基制备的泡孔整理剂，再经纳米防水防油抗紫外抗菌材料后整理得到成品。中国专利CN 101880937B公开了一种竹纤维T恤及其制造方法，面料采用竹浆粘胶纤维和纳米涤纶交织而成，内层为竹浆粘胶纤维，外层为纳米涤纶，经染色、印花、定型处理得到竹纤维T恤。由上述现有技术可知，现有技术中，为了使纺织品具有类似会呼吸性能，即具有舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料，多是利用纤维和薄膜整理，但是针对纤维织造结构方面的运用并不多见。
本发明的申请人依据空气受压缩再膨胀会降温这物理现象，将这物理现象运用于纺织品领域，力求得到更加舒适吸湿排汗降温的纺织品。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料及其制备方法，依据空气受压缩再膨胀会降温这物理现象，以改性的棉纤维、表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维作为原料，制备形成中间层的紧度大于下表面层的织物紧度大于上表面层的织物紧度，从结构和材料两方面制备得到会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：
一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料，所述会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料为三层织物，包括上表面层、中间层和下表面层，所述中间层的织物紧度大于上表面层的织物紧度，所述中间层的织物紧度大于下表面层的织物紧度，所述上表面层的织物紧度小于下表面层的织物紧度，所述会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料包括竹纤维、涤纶纤维和棉纤维，所述涤纶纤维为表面改性的超细涤纶纤维，所述竹纤维为竹原纤维，所述棉纤维为纳米材料改性的棉纤维。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述上表面层由改性的棉纤维构成，所述中间层由表面改性的超细涤纶纤维构成，所述下表面层由竹原纤维构成。
本发明还提供一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将棉纤维经碱液活化处理后，浸渍于壳寡糖溶液中，加热振荡，取出，真空干燥得到纳米材料改性的棉纤维；
(2)将超细涤纶纤维置于低温等离子体装备中，在空气氛围下，对超细涤纶纤维进行表面改性处理，得到表面改性的超细涤纶纤维；
(3)将步骤(1)制备的纳米材料改性的棉纤维、步骤(2)制备的表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维分别经络筒、整经和上浆，得到上表面层原料、中间层原料和下表面层原料；
(4)在喷气织机上，将上表面层原料以三上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成上表面层，将中表面层原料以平纹作为织物组织结构形成中表面层，将下表面层原料以二上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成下表面层，用纳米材料改性的棉纤维作为接结线，将上表面层、中间层和下表面层复合形成坯布；
(5)将步骤(4)制备的坯布经染色、水洗、热定型形成会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述步骤(1)中，壳寡糖溶液中壳寡糖的粒径为20-40nm。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述步骤(1)中，纳米材料改性的棉纤维中棉纤维和壳聚糖的质量比为6-10:1-2。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述步骤(2)中，表面改性的超细涤纶纤维的表面含有宽1-5nm的凹槽。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述步骤(3)中，上表面层原料的纤度为13.5-14.7tex、中间层原料3.8-5.6tex和下表面层原料12.7-15.6tex。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述步骤(4)中，上表面层的织物紧度为36-46％、中间层的织物紧度为65-79％，下表面层的织物紧度为45-58％。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述步骤(4)中，坯布的经线密度为364-389根/10cm，纬线密度为289-304根/10cm。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述步骤(5)中，热定型的温度为80-100℃，时间为10-20min。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明制备的会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料依据空气受压缩再膨胀会降温这物理现象，制备形成中间层的紧度大于下表面层的织物紧度大于上表面层的织物紧度，在大气中空气受到压缩再膨胀进入皮肤与面料之间的空间，形成自然流动的冷却风，有利于快速带走皮肤表面的热量，形成会呼吸的感觉。
(2)本发明制备的会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料以改性的棉纤维、表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维作为原料，棉纤维经改性处理表面活化更容易与壳寡糖纳米粒子结合，壳聚糖纳米粒子具有优异的亲水、抗菌、亲肤和可降解性能，表面改性的超细涤纶纤维表面经低温等离子体处理后含有纳米凹槽，具有优异的毛细管效应，可以将面料内部的汗液吸附到面料的外层，达到吸湿排汗的功效，此外，面料的内部采用竹原纤维，竹原纤维具有优异的亲肤、吸湿、透气、抗菌、柔软等特性，因此本发明制备的面料在抗菌、亲肤、柔软、透气、吸湿、快干方面具有优良的特性。
(3)本发明的制备方法简单，采用三层织物结构，用接结线将三层面料复合，一体成型，减少工艺参数，可操控性强。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明，在此本发明的示意性实施例以及说明用来解释本发明，但并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1：
(1)将棉纤维经碱液活化处理后，以浴比1:30，浸渍于质量分数为5％的粒径为20nm的壳寡糖溶液中，在60℃下加热振荡30min，取出，真空干燥得到纳米材料改性的棉纤维，其中纳米材料改性的棉纤维中棉纤维和壳聚糖的质量比为6:1。
(2)将超细涤纶纤维置于低温等离子体装备中，在空气氛围下，在200W的功率下对超细涤纶纤维进行表面改性处理5s，得到表面含有宽1nm的凹槽的表面改性的超细涤纶纤维。
(3)将纳米材料改性的棉纤维、表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维分别经络筒、整经和上浆，得到13.5tex的上表面层原料、3.8tex的中间层原料和12.7tex的下表面层原料。
(4)在喷气织机上，将上表面层原料以三上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为36％的上表面层，将中表面层原料以平纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为65％的中表面层，将下表面层原料以二上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为45％的下表面层，用纳米材料改性的棉纤维作为接结线，将上表面层、中间层和下表面层复合形成坯布，其中坯布的经线密度为364根/10cm，纬线密度为289根/10cm。
(5)将坯布经染色、水洗、在80℃下热定型10min形成会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
实施例2：
(1)将棉纤维经碱液活化处理后，以浴比1:30，浸渍于质量分数为10％的粒径为40nm的壳寡糖溶液中，在70℃下加热振荡30min，取出，真空干燥得到纳米材料改性的棉纤维，其中纳米材料改性的棉纤维中棉纤维和壳聚糖的质量比为10:2。
(2)将超细涤纶纤维置于低温等离子体装备中，在空气氛围下，在200W的功率下对超细涤纶纤维进行表面改性处理20s，得到表面含有宽1-5nm的凹槽的表面改性的超细涤纶纤维。
(3)将纳米材料改性的棉纤维、表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维分别经络筒、整经和上浆，得到14.7tex的上表面层原料、5.6tex的中间层原料和15.6tex的下表面层原料。
(4)在喷气织机上，将上表面层原料以三上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为46％的上表面层，将中表面层原料以平纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为79％的中表面层，将下表面层原料以二上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为58％的下表面层，用纳米材料改性的棉纤维作为接结线，将上表面层、中间层和下表面层复合形成坯布，其中坯布的经线密度为389根/10cm，纬线密度为304根/10cm。
(5)将坯布经染色、水洗、在100℃下热定型20min形成会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
实施例3：
(1)将棉纤维经碱液活化处理后，以浴比1:30，浸渍于质量分数为6％的粒径为25nm的壳寡糖溶液中，在65℃下加热振荡30min，取出，真空干燥得到纳米材料改性的棉纤维，其中纳米材料改性的棉纤维中棉纤维和壳聚糖的质量比为7:1。
(2)将超细涤纶纤维置于低温等离子体装备中，在空气氛围下，在200W的功率下对超细涤纶纤维进行表面改性处理10s，得到表面含有宽4nm的凹槽的表面改性的超细涤纶纤维。
(3)将纳米材料改性的棉纤维、表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维分别经络筒、整经和上浆，得到13.8tex的上表面层原料、4.2tex的中间层原料和14.0tex的下表面层原料。
(4)在喷气织机上，将上表面层原料以三上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为39％的上表面层，将中表面层原料以平纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为68％的中表面层，将下表面层原料以二上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为51％的下表面层，用纳米材料改性的棉纤维作为接结线，将上表面层、中间层和下表面层复合形成坯布，其中坯布的经线密度为372根/10cm，纬线密度为294根/10cm。
(5)将坯布经染色、水洗、在90℃下热定型15min形成会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
实施例4：
(1)将棉纤维经碱液活化处理后，以浴比1:30，浸渍于质量分数为8％的粒径为35nm的壳寡糖溶液中，在70℃下加热振荡30min，取出，真空干燥得到纳米材料改性的棉纤维，其中纳米材料改性的棉纤维中棉纤维和壳聚糖的质量比为9:2。
(2)将超细涤纶纤维置于低温等离子体装备中，在空气氛围下，在200W的功率下对超细涤纶纤维进行表面改性处理15s，得到表面含有宽3nm的凹槽的表面改性的超细涤纶纤维。
(3)将纳米材料改性的棉纤维、表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维分别经络筒、整经和上浆，得到14.0tex的上表面层原料、5.2tex的中间层原料和13.8tex的下表面层原料。
(4)在喷气织机上，将上表面层原料以三上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为42％的上表面层，将中表面层原料以平纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为72％的中表面层，将下表面层原料以二上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为53％的下表面层，用纳米材料改性的棉纤维作为接结线，将上表面层、中间层和下表面层复合形成坯布，其中坯布的经线密度为370根/10cm，纬线密度为296根/10cm。
(5)将坯布经染色、水洗、在100℃下热定型10min形成会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
实施例5：
(1)将棉纤维经碱液活化处理后，以浴比1:30，浸渍于质量分数为10％的粒径为20nm的壳寡糖溶液中，在60℃下加热振荡30min，取出，真空干燥得到纳米材料改性的棉纤维，其中纳米材料改性的棉纤维中棉纤维和壳聚糖的质量比为8:2。
(2)将超细涤纶纤维置于低温等离子体装备中，在空气氛围下，在200W的功率下对超细涤纶纤维进行表面改性处理10s，得到表面含有宽2nm的凹槽的表面改性的超细涤纶纤维。
(3)将纳米材料改性的棉纤维、表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维分别经络筒、整经和上浆，得到13.9tex的上表面层原料、4.6tex的中间层原料和14.7tex的下表面层原料。
(4)在喷气织机上，将上表面层原料以三上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为40％的上表面层，将中表面层原料以平纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为72％的中表面层，将下表面层原料以二上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为52％的下表面层，用纳米材料改性的棉纤维作为接结线，将上表面层、中间层和下表面层复合形成坯布，其中坯布的经线密度为380根/10cm，纬线密度为300根/10cm。
(5)将坯布经染色、水洗、在100℃下热定型15min形成会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
实施例6：
(1)将棉纤维经碱液活化处理后，以浴比1:30，浸渍于质量分数为7％的粒径为35nm的壳寡糖溶液中，在70℃下加热振荡30min，取出，真空干燥得到纳米材料改性的棉纤维，其中纳米材料改性的棉纤维中棉纤维和壳聚糖的质量比为10:1。
(2)将超细涤纶纤维置于低温等离子体装备中，在空气氛围下，在200W的功率下对超细涤纶纤维进行表面改性处理10s，得到表面含有宽3nm的凹槽的表面改性的超细涤纶纤维。
(3)将纳米材料改性的棉纤维、表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维分别经络筒、整经和上浆，得到14.7tex的上表面层原料、3.8tex的中间层原料和15.6tex的下表面层原料。
(4)在喷气织机上，将上表面层原料以三上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为40％的上表面层，将中表面层原料以平纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为70％的中表面层，将下表面层原料以二上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成织物紧度为52％的下表面层，用纳米材料改性的棉纤维作为接结线，将上表面层、中间层和下表面层复合形成坯布，其中坯布的经线密度为372根/10cm，纬线密度为296根/10cm。
(5)将坯布经染色、水洗、在95℃下热定型20min形成会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
经检测，实施例1-6制备的会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的抗菌性、透气性、亲肤性、手感、降温的结果如下所示：
由上表可见，本发明制备的会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温具有会呼吸的功效，可自发降温，还具有抗菌、透气、柔软亲肤的性能。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

1.一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料，其特征在于：所述会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料为三层织物，包括上表面层、中间层和下表面层，所述中间层的织物紧度大于上表面层的织物紧度，所述中间层的织物紧度大于下表面层的织物紧度，所述上表面层的织物紧度小于下表面层的织物紧度，所述会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料包括竹纤维、涤纶纤维和棉纤维，所述涤纶纤维为表面改性的超细涤纶纤维，所述竹纤维为竹原纤维，所述棉纤维为纳米材料改性的棉纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料，其特征在于：所述上表面层由改性的棉纤维构成，所述中间层由表面改性的超细涤纶纤维构成，所述下表面层由竹原纤维构成。
3.一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将棉纤维经碱液活化处理后，浸渍于壳寡糖溶液中，加热振荡，取出，真空干燥得到纳米材料改性的棉纤维；
(2)将超细涤纶纤维置于低温等离子体装备中，在空气氛围下，对超细涤纶纤维进行表面改性处理，得到表面改性的超细涤纶纤维；
(3)将步骤(1)制备的纳米材料改性的棉纤维、步骤(2)制备的表面改性的超细涤纶纤维和竹原纤维分别经络筒、整经和上浆，得到上表面层原料、中间层原料和下表面层原料；
(4)在喷气织机上，将上表面层原料以三上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成上表面层，将中表面层原料以平纹作为织物组织结构形成中表面层，将下表面层原料以二上一下斜纹作为织物组织结构形成下表面层，用纳米材料改性的棉纤维作为接结线，将上表面层、中间层和下表面层复合形成坯布；
(5)将步骤(4)制备的坯布经染色、水洗、热定型形成会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中，壳寡糖溶液中壳寡糖的粒径为20-40nm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中，纳米材料改性的棉纤维中棉纤维和壳聚糖的质量比为6-10:1-2。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中，表面改性的超细涤纶纤维的表面含有宽1-5nm的凹槽。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(3)中，上表面层原料的纤度为13.5-14.7tex、中间层原料3.8-5.6tex和下表面层原料12.7-15.6tex。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(4)中，上表面层的织物紧度为36-46％、中间层的织物紧度为65-79％，下表面层的织物紧度为45-58％。
9.根据权利要求3所述的一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(4)中，坯布的经线密度为364-389根/10cm，纬线密度为289-304根/10cm。
10.根据权利要求3所述的一种会呼吸的舒适吸湿排汗降温的面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(5)中，热定型的温度为80-100℃，时间为10-20min。
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