CN106471305A - 利用管道衬里增强管道的方法、增强管道和使增强管道防水的方法 - Google Patents

利用管道衬里增强管道的方法、增强管道和使增强管道防水的方法 Download PDF

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CN106471305A
CN106471305A CN201580036905.7A CN201580036905A CN106471305A CN 106471305 A CN106471305 A CN 106471305A CN 201580036905 A CN201580036905 A CN 201580036905A CN 106471305 A CN106471305 A CN 106471305A
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lining
water
pipeline
fiber
fast
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S·F·阿诺德
J·惠特勒奇
R·奥尔蒂斯
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Manufactured Technologies Co LLC
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Fyfe Co LLC
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Abstract

在一种增强管道(1)的方法中，将纤维材料的耐水穿透层和补强层用可固化聚合物浸渍、定位于所述管道(1)附近的衬里位置并且固化以形成耐水穿透衬里(12)和补强衬里(10)。所述两个层可单独地或同时地被浸渍和定位，例如，作为复合衬里。所述衬里一起为所得管道提供防水阻隔和结构增强。在一种使增强管道(1)防水的方法中，将耐水穿透层用可固化聚合物浸渍、定位在先前安装的增强衬里上并且固化以形成抑制地下水流入所述管道(1)的防水阻隔。在所述方法的某些实施方案中，所述耐水穿透层包括以缎纹编织和斜纹编织之一的形式织造的纤维。

Description

利用管道衬里增强管道的方法、增强管道和使增强管道防水 的方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求名称为高强度不透水管道衬里(HIGH-STRENGTH,WATERTIGHT PIPELINING)的美国临时专利申请序列号62/024,240的优先权，所述申请特此以引用的方式并入本公开。
领域
本公开整体涉及管道的修复，并且更具体地涉及通过给管道加衬里进行管道修复的方法和系统。
背景
随时间推移或者因为特定的事件或状况(例如，地震活动、暴露在过度或不均匀负载或力矩中、暴露在微生物中、不良压实、冠状腐蚀、腐蚀性土壤等等)，压力干管、其他管道和其他结构的结构完整性或容量可能减弱。例如，这些制品可能断裂、腐蚀、退化等。修复或以其他方式补强受损管道和其他制品的不同方法是公知的。例如，可将由纤维增强聚合物制成的衬里或层附接到管道内部的一个或多个部分。在其他方式中，这种类型的衬里可形成为管状形状并且被拖入或翻转入待修复的管道中。另外，在较大直径管道中，可通过手动地将修复材料薄片粘附到管道壁上来形成衬里。
某些高强度衬里或薄片由浸渍有聚合物基体的玻璃、碳、芳族聚酰胺等的织造纤维制成，所述聚合物基体在一些实施方案中固化在适当的位置。织造纤维材料通常具有相对开放或松散的织法，其在不存在聚合物材料时是可透水的。虽然在大多数情况下，聚合物材料在一段时间内防止地下水浸润管道，但是已知，在某些情况下在织造纤维纱线之间的开口中形成针孔泄漏。针孔泄漏让不期望的地下水进入管道。此外，高强度衬里经常被用来作为承载加压流体的管道的衬里。加压流体能够轻易地通过针孔渗漏流出并且对衬里造成进一步的损坏。
概述
在一个方面，增强具有管道壁的管道的方法包括浸渍包括了以耐水穿透的织法织造的纤维的纤维负载织物的耐水穿透层和包括了补强纤维的纤维负载材料的补强层。将耐水穿透层和补强层相对于管道定位以基本上覆盖管道壁的至少一部分的内表面和外表面之一。当耐水穿透层和补强层相对于管道被定位从而基本上覆盖管道壁的所述部分的内表面和外表面之一时，使耐水穿透层和补强层中的可固化聚合物固化以相邻于管道壁的所述部分形成纤维增强聚合物的补强衬里和耐水穿透衬里。补强衬里和耐水穿透衬里以组合形式被构造，以提高管道壁的所述部分的强度并提供沿管道壁的所述部分的不透水阻隔。
在另一方面，防水的增强管道包括具有管道壁的主体管道(host pipe)。补强衬里在第一位置沿管道壁的一部分延伸。补强衬里包括纤维增强聚合物并且包括被布置在聚合物基体中以提供对管道壁的所述部分的结构增强的补强纤维。耐水穿透衬里在第二位置沿管道壁的所述部分延伸。耐水穿透衬里包括纤维增强聚合物并且包括纤维负载织物的耐水穿透层，所述纤维负载织物包括用耐水穿透的织法织造的纤维。耐水穿透衬里在与管道壁的所述部分相邻的管道的外部和相对于管道壁的所述部分与所述外部相背对的管道的内部之间提供不透水阻隔。
在另一方面，一种使增强管道防水的方法包括用可固化聚合物浸渍包括了以耐水穿透的织法织造的纤维的纤维负载织物的耐水穿透层，所述增强管道包括管道和先前存在的增强内衬，所述增强内衬包括纤维增强聚合物并且具有界定所述增强管道的内部的内表面。将耐水穿透层定位成与先前存在的增强衬里的内表面相接触以基本上覆盖所述内表面。当耐水穿透层覆盖内表面时，使耐水穿透层中的可固化聚合物固化以在先前存在的补强衬里的内表面上形成新的耐水穿透衬里。新的耐水穿透衬里在增强管道的内部和与内部相背对的增强管道的外部之间提供不透水阻隔。
其他目标和特征将在下文中部分地显而易见并被部分地指出。
附图简述
图1是侧壁具有开口的管道的部分透视图；
图2是沿图1的平面2-2取得的放大截面图并且示意性地示出根据现有技术原理的管道增强；
图3是类似于图2的放大截面图，示意性地示出根据本发明原理的管道增强的实施方案；
图4是类似于图2的放大截面图，示意性地示出根据本发明原理的管道增强的另一个实施方案；
图5是示出平纹编织、斜纹编织和缎纹编织的织造纤维的三截面图；
图6是类似于图2的放大截面图，示意性地示出根据本发明原理的管道增强的另一个实施方案；
图7是类似于图2的放大截面图，示意性地示出根据本发明原理的管道增强的另一个实施方案；
图8是类似于图2的放大截面图，示意性地示出根据本发明原理的管道增强的另一个实施方案；并且
图9是类似于图2的放大截面图，示意性地示出根据本发明原理的管道增强的另一个实施方案。
对应的参考符号贯穿附图的若干视图指示对应的部分。
详述
现参见附图，图1中示意性地示出的需要修复的管道1具有结构上的损坏。尽管没有示出，但是管道1位于地下，其中由于损坏，地下水可流入管道1。此外，在一个或多个实施方案中，管道1是承载可能从管道断裂处泄漏的加压流体的高压管道。在一些情况下，管道1的损坏可能是大开口、小开口、细微裂缝或其他破损。损坏可只是延伸穿过管道的侧壁5的裂隙或针孔，允许地下水流入管道内部或加压流体流出管道。在一些情况下，管道结构可仅是弱化的和需要增强的，尽管管道1对于地下水或管道内部加压流体的泄漏仍是不可渗透的。弱化的结构可能呈现出未来泄漏或进一步损坏的无法接受的风险，这使得管道需要增强或修复。
用于增强管道受损结构的一种技术在美国专利号5,931,198中有所描述，其被转让给本发明的受让人并且特此以引用方式并入用于所有目的。美国专利号5,931,198描述用纤维衬里增强受损的大直径管道(例如，具有足够大横截面积管腔的管道以允许技术人员进入管道进行修复)的结构的系统和方法。安装技术人员通过清洁、研磨和/或干燥表面来准备大直径管道1的壁5的内表面7并且将接触式粘固剂的粘性涂层等施加于内表面。如图2所示，然后沿管道壁5形成与管道1的内表面7接触的第一衬里10。具体地，将通过用可固化聚合物(例如，树脂，或者更具体地WP环氧树脂)浸透纤维织物形成的增强材料施加于管道1的内表面7，其中增强材料由于粘性涂层而暂时粘着并被固化在适当的位置。美国专利号5,931,198中所描述的系统和方法产生了结构上得到一定程度增强的结构增强管道1(图2)。
美国专利申请公布号2014/6034175和国际专利申请号PCT/US2014/011397(各自被转让给本发明的受让人并且特此以引用方式并入用于所有目的)描述了适合于小直径管道(例如，其管腔的横截面积将不允许技术人员进入管道进行修复的管道)的用于增强需要修复的管道的其他方法和系统。在美国专利申请公布号2014/6034175和国际专利申请号PCT/US2014/011397所描述的系统和方法中，可伸展管件带有浸渍有可固化聚合物的一层或多层增强材料。使可伸展管件、增强材料和可固化聚合物以组合形式穿过需要修复的管道1。使可伸展管件伸展，因此增强材料和可固化聚合物接触管道壁5的内表面7，并且使可固化聚合物固化。这形成由通过增强材料增强的可固化聚合物制成的复合第一衬里10。如上，增强材料是玻璃、碳、芳族聚酰胺等的织造纤维。美国专利申请公布号2014/6034175和国际专利申请号PCT/US2014/011397所描述的系统和方法产生了一种增强管道，其在相关方面类似于由美国专利号5,931,198所描述的系统和方法产生的增强管道。
参见图3，在根据本发明增强需要修复的管道的方法的一个实施方案中，首先准备管道1的壁5的内表面7。可例如通过清洁、研磨、涂底漆和/或干燥表面来准备所述壁的内表面7。此外，如果表面7具有表面空隙，可用环氧树脂或其他填充物将其填充。如果管道1的壁5具有裂口，那么至少将其暂时阻塞以阻止地下水在所述方法的后续步骤中浸润管道。一般来讲，在管道加衬里期间，管道中将不存在加压流体。
在准备好管道之后，第一衬里10和第二衬里12各自被形成以沿管道壁延伸。第二衬里12由具有耐水穿透的织法织造的纤维制成，并且第一衬里10通过用比起第二衬里更加开发的织法构造的补强纤维形成。在优选的实施方案中，一旦形成，第一衬里10和第二衬里12两者都具有管道形状，使得每个衬里沿着管道1的长度在环圈方向上连续延伸。因此，每个衬里在完整环圈上为管道1提供结构支持。如美国专利号5,931,198、美国专利申请公布号2014/6034175或国际专利申请号PCT/US2014/011397中所描述的合适的技术可适于在管道1里面或上面形成和/或安放第一衬里10和第二衬里12中使用。
如图3和图4所示，可首先将第一衬里10和第二衬里12中的任一个安装在需要修复的管道1中。因此，可在管道1中形成第一衬里10，使得第一衬里10的外表面接触(例如，附着到)管道壁5的内表面7。或者，可在管道1中形成第二衬里12，使得第二衬里12的外表面接触管道壁5的内表面7。如果第一衬里10的外表面接触管道壁5的内表面7，那么在管道1中形成第二衬里12，使得第二衬里12的外表面接触第一衬里10的内表面(图3)。如果第二衬里12的外表面接触管道壁5的内表面7，那么在管道1中成形第一衬里10，使得第一衬里10的外表面接触第二衬里12的内表面(图4)。
在图3和图4的实施方案中，第一衬里10和第二衬里12形成复合衬里。在某些实施方案中，第一衬里10由导电的碳织造纤维制成。在这种情况下，第二衬里12优选地由电介质材料如玻璃纤维制成。
在一个优选的实施方案中，第二衬里12由织造玻璃纤维制成。然而，在不背离本发明范围的前提下，其他纤维如碳、芳族聚酰胺等等也可用于第二衬里12。在一些实施方案中，第二衬里具有缎纹编织，其实例之一如图5所示。在其他实施方案中，第二衬里12具有斜纹编织。在合适的实施方案中，所述织法是纬纱在被织造进编织物之前浮于或跳过多达12根经纱的一种方法。下一纬纱重复浮纱，但是在不同组的经纱上。一般来讲，材料至少要最低限度地可适形于其所要施加的表面。然而，“可适形的”包括半刚性材料。例如，在一个优选的实施方案中，第二衬里是Web，其是由本申请的受让人销售的定制0°/90°双向编织玻璃织物。
形成衬里10和衬里12的步骤可包括用可固化聚合物浸透织造纤维。在一个优选的实施方案中，在与管道1的壁5相邻安放在其将被固化的位置上之前，对织造纤维进行浸渍。然而，在不背离本发明范围的前提下，也可将衬里10和衬里12中任一者或两者中的每一个的织造纤维在用可固化聚合物浸渍之前安放在所需位置。合适的可固化聚合物的一个实例是环氧树脂。一种这样的环氧树脂是可购自Fyfe Co.LLC(San Diego,California)的S环氧树脂。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，在不背离本发明范围的前提下，也可使用不同的材料。
在增强管道1的方法的一个实施方案中，将粘性涂层施加于管道1的内表面7。将第一衬里10和第二衬里12之一用可固化聚合物浸渍，施加于内表面7上的粘性涂层，并允许其固化。作为一个替代方案，第一衬里10或第二衬里12可干法施加于粘性涂层并且然后用可固化聚合物浸渍。将另一个粘性涂层施加于固化衬里的内表面，并且将第一衬里10和第二衬里12中的另一者施加于固化衬里的被涂覆的内表面。允许第一衬里10和第二衬里12中的另一者固化。应当理解可不施加所述另一粘性涂层。在这种情况下，施加于管道壁的衬里(10或12)中的环氧树脂将不用于附着另一衬里。可在管道中形成第一衬里10和第二衬里12中的任一者或两者。换句话说，衬里10、12无需预成形为管件，而是可通过将(矩形的)材料薄片附着至管道壁或附着至先前施加的衬里材料在管道中形成。
在增强管道1的方法的另一个实施方案中，为形成第二管道12，将第二衬里的合适的纤维编织物固定至承载管件。随后可将第二衬里12的编织物用可固化聚合物浸渍，或者，可替代地，可将其固定至预浸渍的承载管件。将第二衬里12和承载管件递送至管道1内的位置。一旦处在管道1内的位置，就将承载管件径向伸展，使得第二衬里12接触管道和第一衬里10之一的内表面。在第二衬里12已伸展后，可允许其固化。应当理解，可使用前述方法或其他方法的一些组合来将第一衬里10和第二衬里12安放在管道1中。
可允许第一衬里10和第二衬里12中所用的可固化聚合物在环境条件下固化或使用热量、紫外线(UV)或其他固化刺激更快速地固化。固化后，衬里10、12的环氧树脂和织物提供对管道1的强效和不透液体的增强。
参见图6和图7，在增强管道1的方法的其他实施方案中，在管道的外表面9上形成第一衬里10和第二衬里12之一。参见图8和图9，在增强管道1的方法的其他实施方案中，在管道的外表面9上形成第一衬里10和第二衬里12两者。在这些实施方案中，管道1的外表面9可如以上关于内表面7的描述进行准备。此外，如上，在不背离本发明范围的前提下，当第一衬里10和第二衬里12两者都在管道1的外表面9上形成时，可首先形成衬里中的任一者。因此，如图8所示，第一衬里10可形成来接触(例如，附着至)管道1的外表面9，并且第二衬里12可形成来接触第一衬里的外表面。或者，如图9所示，第二衬里12可形成来接触(例如，附着至)管道1的外表面9，并且第一衬里10可形成来接触第二衬里的外表面。
在一个实施方案中，本发明包括使如图2所示的增强管道防水的方法。此方法特别适合于以下情况：已用纤维增强聚合物衬里10增强的管道1在纤维编织物的一个或多个聚合物填充空间处已形成针孔泄露。图2的增强管道包括管道1和由增强聚合物制成的增强内衬10(例如，第一衬里)。防水的方法包括将防水层12(例如，第二衬里)附着至增强内衬10(图3)的内表面的一个步骤。防水层12优选地由在聚合物基体中具有缎纹编织的织造纤维制成。然而，防水层12也可具有比增强内衬10更加不可透过的其他织法。可使用如上讨论的技术中的任一种(例如，粘着并固化在适当的位置或使承载管件伸展并固化在适当的位置)将防水层12附着到增强内衬的内表面。在一个或多个实施方案中，防水层12提供不透水阻隔，其在高达至少约600磅每平方英寸表压(约4.14MPa)的内部流体压力下是不透水的。
可实践上述增强管道的方法以产生图3、4、6、7、8或9所示的增强管道。因此，在本发明的某些实施方案中包括根据如上所讨论的方法中列出的原理构造的增强管道。
本文所公开的系统、设备、装置和/或其他制品可通过任何合适的手段形成。上述各种方法和技术提供若干实现本发明的途径。当然，应理解根据本文中描述的任何特定实施方案不一定可实现所述的所有目标或优点。因此，例如，本领域技术人员将认识到，所述方法可以实现或最优化如本文中教示的一个优点或一组优点的方式进行，而不一定需要实现本文中教示或指出的其他目标或优点。
此外，本领域技术人员将认识到来自本文所公开的不同实施方案的各种特征的互换性。类似地，本领域的普通技术人员可混合和匹配上述各种特征和步骤以及各个这样的特征或步骤的其他已知等价物来执行根据本文所述的原理的方法。另外，本文所描述和示出的方法不限于所述动作的严格顺序，也并非必需限于列出的所有动作的实践。在实践本发明的实施方案时，可利用事件或动作的其他顺序或少于所有事件或事件同时发生。
虽然已经在某些实施方案和实施例的上下文中公开了本发明，但是本领域技术人员将理解，本发明将具体公开的实施方案扩展到其他替代实施方案和/或用途以及其明显的修改和等价物。因此，除了所附权利要求书外，不旨在限制本发明。

Claims (20)

1.一种增强具有管道壁的管道的方法，其包括：
浸渍包括了以耐水穿透的织法织造的纤维的纤维负载织物的耐水穿透层和包括了补强纤维的纤维负载材料的补强层；
相对于所述管道定位所述耐水穿透层和所述补强层以基本上覆盖所述管道壁的至少一部分的内表面和外表面之一；
当所述耐水穿透层和所述补强层相对于所述管道被定位从而基本上覆盖所述管道壁的所述部分的内表面和外表面之一时，固化所述耐水穿透层和所述补强层中的所述可固化聚合物以相邻于所述管道壁的所述部分形成纤维增强聚合物的补强衬里和耐水穿透衬里，其中所述补强衬里和所述耐水穿透衬里以组合形式被构造以提高所述管道壁的所述部分的强度并提供沿所述管道壁的所述部分的不透水阻隔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中浸渍所述耐水穿透层和所述补强层的所述步骤同时进行。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其还包括提供包括所述耐水穿透层和所述补强层的复合衬里。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其还包括在相对于所述管道定位所述复合衬里以基本上覆盖所述管道壁的所述部分的内表面和外表面之一之前，将所述复合衬里形成为管道形状。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中定位所述复合衬里包括在所述管道中伸展所述管道形状的复合衬里以使所述水穿透层接触所述管道壁的所述部分的内表面。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，定位所述管道形状的复合衬里还包括将所述管道形状的复合衬里固定至承载管件和通过所述管道将所述承载管件递送至与所述管道壁的所述部分相邻的位置并使所述承载管件伸展。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述耐水穿透层中的纤维以缎纹编织和斜纹编织之一的形式织造。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述耐水穿透层中的纤维包括玻璃纤维。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其还包括将粘性涂层施加于所述管道壁的所述内表面和外表面之一以及将所述耐水穿透层和所述补强层之一施加于所述粘性涂层。
10.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其还包括将另一个粘性涂层施加于所述层中的所述一个和将所述层中的另一个施加于所述另一个粘性涂层。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其还包括清洁和干燥所述管道壁的内表面和外表面之一。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其还包括用所述粘性涂层填充所述管道壁的内表面和外表面中的至少一个中的不规则部分。
13.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中定位所述耐水穿透层和所述补强层包括单独地定位所述耐水穿透层和所述补强层。
14.一种防水的增强管道，其包括：
主体管，其具有管道壁；
补强衬里，其在第一位置沿所述管道壁的一部分延伸，所述补强衬里包括纤维增强聚合物并且包括被布置在聚合物基体中以提供对所述管道壁的所述部分的结构增强的补强纤维；以及
耐水穿透衬里，其在第二位置沿所述管道壁的所述部分延伸，所述耐水穿透衬里包括纤维增强聚合物并且包括包含了用耐水穿透的织法织造的纤维的纤维负载织物的耐水穿透层，所述耐水穿透衬里在与所述管道壁的所述部分相邻的所述管道的外部和相对于所述管道壁的所述部分与所述外部相背对的所述管道的内部之间提供不透水阻隔。
15.根据权利要求14所述的管道，其中所述耐水穿透衬里中的纤维以缎纹编织和斜纹编织之一的形式织造。
16.根据权利要求14所述的管道，其中所述耐水穿透衬里和所述补强衬里形成多层复合衬里。
17.根据权利要求16所述的管道，其中所述耐水穿透层中的纤维包括电介质材料。
18.根据权利要求14所述的管道，其中所述耐水穿透衬里中的纤维包括玻璃纤维并且所述补强衬里中的纤维包括碳纤维。
19.根据权利要求14所述的管道，其中所述耐水穿透衬里被定位在所述补强衬里与所述管道壁之间。
20.一种使增强管道防水的方法，所述增强管道包括管道和先前存在的增强内衬，所述增强内衬包括纤维增强聚合物并且具有界定所述增强管道的内部的内表面，所述方法包括：
用可固化聚合物浸渍包括了以耐水穿透的织法织造的纤维的纤维负载织物的耐水穿透层；
将所述耐水穿透层定位成与所述先前存在的增强衬里的内表面相接触以基本上覆盖所述内表面；以及
当所述耐水穿透层覆盖所述内表面时，固化所述耐水穿透层中的所述可固化聚合物以在所述先前存在的补强衬里的内表面上形成新的耐水穿透衬里，所述新的耐水穿透衬里在所述增强管道的内部和与所述内部相背对的所述增强管道的外部之间提供不透水阻隔。
CN201580036905.7A 2014-07-14 2015-07-14 利用管道衬里增强管道的方法、增强管道和使增强管道防水的方法 Pending CN106471305A (zh)

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