CN106457634B - 制造塑料-机动车安装件的方法 - Google Patents
制造塑料-机动车安装件的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106457634B CN106457634B CN201580016754.9A CN201580016754A CN106457634B CN 106457634 B CN106457634 B CN 106457634B CN 201580016754 A CN201580016754 A CN 201580016754A CN 106457634 B CN106457634 B CN 106457634B
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- Prior art keywords
- polymeric
- polymeric film
- film
- plastic
- pigments
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Abstract
制造塑料‑机动车安装件的方法,其中a.将聚合薄膜(1)插入注塑模具中,其中聚合薄膜(1)具有不透明或部分不透明的印刷物(2)或着色颜料,b.将聚合薄膜(1)用聚合覆盖部件(3)后注塑,其中聚合覆盖部件(3)设计为光学上透明的,c.将聚合载体部件(4)至少注射到聚合覆盖部件(3)的背离聚合薄膜(1)的表面的一部分上,并d.将保护层(5)至少施加到聚合薄膜(1)上。
Description
本发明包含制造塑料-机动车安装件的方法、塑料-机动车安装件及其用途。
在对于机动车二氧化碳排放的日益严峻的规定下,对此出现强烈的希望,即降低机动车重量和因此降低其燃料消耗。塑料领域中持续的进一步研发使得能够通过相应较轻的聚合材料元件代替大部分的金属车身。特别地,部件或整个窗区域可被聚合材料元件替代。在多种情况中,它们在明显更低的重量下展现出与钢车身窗的情况中可比拟的硬度、稳定性和可负荷性。此外,由于重量降低,机动车的重心进一步向下转移,这对行驶特性而言具有积极影响。此外,聚合材料相比于金属而言可在明显较低的温度下制造、处理和成型。这在制造材料时降低能量需求和成本。
在此,聚合材料的模制件可以以几乎各种所需形状和几何制造。特别的高性能塑料,例如芳族聚酰胺或芳纶具有非常高的强度和稳定性。
塑料的多种材料部件必须符合各种要求和功能。在此,重要参数是稳定性、断裂特性、抗刮强度、抗冲击韧度或缺口冲击韧度。除了技术角度例如各个部件的重量和强度外,形状、几何和外观也起到越来越重要的作用。尤其在汽车工业中,除了机械性能外,设计和美观领域中的特征也非常重要。
为了联合聚合材料中的各种特征,使其由不同成型和由不同性状的基础材料组成。制造这些材料的既定方法包括双组分或多组分注塑法。以此方式可以联合例如耐候性、表面光泽度和抗断裂性或扭转稳定性之类的特征。此外,可减小极贵材料的含量。
DE 197 22 551 A1公开了在双组分注塑法中制造塑料部件的方法,其中这些层之一由充分着色的塑料构成。
EP 1 743 756 A1公开了通过注塑法制造部件的方法,其中在第一步骤中在两个薄膜之间注入热塑性塑料。在第二步骤中,将如此制成的第一模制件与第二模制件接合,这通过将第一模制件用第二热塑性塑料后注塑(hinterspritzt)。此类部件的制造相对复杂。
EP 1 190 831 A1公开了在注塑法中由塑料制造机动车玻璃板的方法。在该机动车玻璃板上喷射A-、B-C-或D-柱-共混物作为第二组分。该柱-共混物可以是装饰性着色的。
C.Hopmann等人的出版物“Automobilscheiben aus Kunststoff”(Kunststoffe,Carl Hanser Verlag,München,第2/05期,2005.02.1.,第22-27页,XP002396333,ISSN:0023-5563)公开了制造塑料汽车玻璃板的方法和漆料用于涂覆塑料玻璃板的用途。此外,该文献公开了为了保护目的可将薄膜施加到聚碳酸酯玻璃板上。
EP 0 415 716 A1公开了配备有保护涂层并具有框架件的塑料汽车玻璃板。该玻璃板在注塑法中制造。
DE 10 2008 023 499 A1公开了印刷漆料和制造经印刷的层压板(Schichtstoff)的方法。
产生光学效应的既定方法是薄膜后注塑的方法(FIM/薄膜嵌入注塑)。在该方法中,将相应薄膜插入注塑模具中并用合适的塑料后注塑。以此方式可有针对性和多方面地影响和改变聚合材料的表面性能和几何。对于使用薄膜后注塑方法的重要前体条件是温度稳定的薄膜。此外,位于薄膜上的印刷物必须耐温度变化,以使承受住使用液体聚合物如聚碳酸酯的后注塑。因为该薄膜置于工件的外侧上,其未受抵御外部机械和化学影响的保护。这长期以来会造成薄膜和在该薄膜上包含的印刷物的损坏。
机动车的塑料玻璃板通常在多组分注塑法中制造。通常,这些玻璃板在边缘区域中含有在透明组件上的深色着色,通常黑色的不透明组件,其中该玻璃板的具有不透明材料相的一侧始终朝向机动车内室。在不透明组件的区域中,该玻璃板可以对于观察者而言不可见地与机动车车身接合,例如胶粘。与传统的无机玻璃机动车玻璃相反,这些不透明的边缘区域在塑料-玻璃板的情况下通常设计为更大面积和更复杂。在玻璃板的这些区域中,由此存在将光学装饰元素和装饰物引入玻璃板中的可能性。
本发明的目的是,提供制造受保护抵抗外部影响的具有印刷物的塑料-机动车安装件的方法。
制造塑料-机动车安装件的本发明方法包括第一步骤,其中将聚合薄膜插入注塑模具中。术语“薄膜”在本发明中包括均匀的单组分或多组分薄膜,也包括由不同或相同材料织造、编制或层压的多组分薄膜或织物。该聚合薄膜优选通过静电相互作用固定在注塑模具的钢表面上。静电电荷(Aufladung)优选通过由高压充电发生器供应的充电电极无接触地转移到该聚合薄膜上。替代地,该聚合薄膜可通过机械方式或通过真空抽吸固定在注塑模具中。该聚合薄膜具有不透明或部分不透明印刷物或着色颜料(Farbpigmentierung)。该印刷物优选在至少250℃,优选至少320℃的温度下是分解稳定的。术语“部分不透明的印刷物”在本发明中也包括着色的印刷物和灰度级(Graustufen)的印刷品。所述不透明印刷物优选含有具有温度稳定的有机颜料,例如氨基甲酸酯-丙烯酸酯聚合物、碳、偶氮染料或多环化合物的印刷油墨。替代地,可含有有机颜料,如二氧化钛、炭黑、辰砂、铋颜料(钒酸铋)、尖晶石颜料、铅颜料、汞颜料、锆颜料、铁颜料、镉颜料、铜颜料、钴颜料、镍颜料、铬颜料;硅酸铝(群青)。由于较高的温度稳定性,优选使用有机颜料。在一个替代的实施方案中,着色颜料还可均匀引入聚合薄膜中。这可例如通过将着色颜料混入聚合薄膜粒料中并随后挤出所得混合物实现。在另一个任选的可能方式中,着色颜料可以以溶液形式喷到聚合薄膜上。
在本发明方法的第二步骤中,将聚合薄膜用透明聚合材料相后注塑,其形成塑料-机动车安装件的覆盖部件。该聚合覆盖部件的液体起始材料在此注射到注塑模具中的聚合薄膜上,并以此方式实现聚合薄膜和覆盖部件之间的牢固(stoffschlüssig)接合。该聚合覆盖部件设计为光学上透明。在仅低的自身重量和高的可成型性的情况下,光学透明度赋予该聚合覆盖部件一种类玻璃的外观。透明在本发明中表示观察者可通过组件透视并可识别从观察者看位于该组件后方的物体。透明组件可为无色的。透明组件也可为着色或染色的。透明聚合覆盖部件在可见光谱范围(300nm–800nm)中的透射度在此为至少10%。
在第三步骤中,将聚合载体部件注射到由聚合薄膜和聚合覆盖部件制成的结构上。该聚合载体部件在此注射在聚合覆盖部件的未施加聚合薄膜的一侧上,即材料次序为:聚合薄膜–聚合覆盖部件–聚合载体部件。该聚合载体部件提供塑料-机动车安装件的稳定性并包含具有尽可能高的强度、刚性、抗冲击韧度或缺口冲击韧度和低断裂倾向的聚合材料。
塑料-机动车安装件的第一暴露面定义为由聚合薄膜和聚合覆盖部件形成的面,即其上印刷物可见的面。暴露面表示机动车安装件的在制造由聚合覆盖部件、聚合载体部件和聚合薄膜构成的部件之后位于该部件外侧上的面。这些面可在进一步方法中被涂覆。塑料-机动车安装件的第二暴露面定义为与第一面相对的面,即至少由设计为不透明的聚合载体部件形成的面。暴露侧面理解为部件的边缘面,其包含聚合覆盖部件和聚合载体部件的各个材料层。
所述聚合载体部件可注射在聚合覆盖部件的整个面上,例如用于柱盖或门罩(Türenverkleidung)。在这种情况下,第二暴露面由聚合载体部件形成。该聚合载体部件也可仅设置在聚合覆盖部件的子区域中,例如在玻璃板的边缘区域中具有由聚合载体部件形成的黑色区域的塑料-机动车玻璃板的情况中。在这种情况中,第二暴露面由聚合载体部件和聚合覆盖部件形成。
在一个进一步的步骤中,将保护涂层(硬涂层)施加在所述机动车安装件上。该保护涂层至少施加在聚合薄膜上以保护薄膜和所含的印刷物。该保护涂层优选安装在周围,即安装在包括机动车安装件侧面的所有暴露面上。优选地,使用热固化或UV固化漆体系,其基于聚硅氧烷、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯和/或聚氨酯。该保护涂层可具有一个或多个分开施加的层并优选具有1μm至50μm,特别优选2μm至25μm的总层厚度。特别优点在于聚合工件由于该保护涂层的抗刮性和耐候性以及耐化学性。该保护涂层也可含有UV-封阻剂、防腐剂以及用于提高抗刮强度的组分例如纳米颗粒。此外,该保护涂层还可提供装饰性功能,如光泽度或珠光效应。该保护涂层可例如通过浸涂-、流涂-或喷涂法或模内涂覆法施加到聚合工件上。该保护涂层在施加后优选通过温度和/或UV光输入固化。
在一个随后的任选步骤中,可将机动车安装件用软组分注塑包覆或部分注塑包覆。该软组分优选具有热塑性弹性体(TPE、TPV)、热塑性烯烃(TPO)、热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、热塑性聚酯聚合物(TPC)或苯乙烯-嵌段共聚物(TPS)并可任意着色。
因此提供改进的塑料-机动车安装件,其含有受保护抵抗外部影响并明显可见的印刷物。同时,通过透明覆盖部件产生类玻璃的效应,以使机动车安装件不仅适用于外罩领域中的内部-和外部安装件,例如作为B-或C-柱的柱盖,也可用作着色玻璃板。通过将经印刷的薄膜设置在透明覆盖部件上,避免在透明相的深色着色的存在下篡改印刷物的颜色。在将所述机动车安装件用作着色玻璃板(例如在隐私玻璃的情况中)时,该设置的优点是印刷物明显可见,并——与设置在透明覆盖部件下方相反——在无颜色变化时明显可察觉。
所述塑料-机动车安装件优选在多组分注塑法或多组分注射压缩模塑法中,特别优选在与旋转盘技术、转盘技术和/或定位盘技术(Indexplattentechnologie)的组合中制造。替代地,该塑料-机动车安装件也可单独通过旋转盘技术、转盘技术和/或定位盘技术制造。
所述聚合载体部件优选含有聚乙烯(PE)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯、聚丁二烯、聚腈、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT),优选丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、丙烯酸酯-苯乙烯-丙烯腈(ASA)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯–聚碳酸酯(ABS/PC)、PET/PC、PBT/PC和/或它们的共聚物或混合物。
所述聚合载体部件优选设计为不透明。与载体部件的透明设计相比,由此改进聚合薄膜上所含的印刷物的对比度。在本发明中,不透明是指观察者不能通过组件透视。不透明载体部件在可见光谱范围内的透射率也明显下降且为小于10%,优选小于或等于5%,特别是大约0%。
所述聚合载体部件优选以0.5mm至10mm,特别优选1mm至5mm的厚度注塑。聚合载体部件的厚度取决于成品部件的尺寸和稳定性要求。
所述聚合覆盖部件优选以1mm至10mm,优选2mm至5mm的厚度注塑。在这一范围内,实现光学上特别明显的类玻璃效应。
所述聚合薄膜优选含有聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚碳酸酯-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT/PC)、苯乙烯-丙烯腈(SAN)和/或它们的共聚物或混合物。该聚合薄膜优选含有与聚合覆盖部件相同的材料,因为这样在聚合薄膜用聚合覆盖部件后注塑时将薄膜与聚合覆盖部件无过渡地接合,这在光学上特别有利。
所述聚合薄膜的厚度优选为0.1mm至3mm,优选0.12mm至1mm。该聚合薄膜的表面延伸可取决于要安装的印刷物和聚合载体部件和聚合覆盖部件的尺寸而变。该聚合薄膜可在覆盖部件的整个面上延伸,即整个第一暴露面由该聚合薄膜形成。替代地,该薄膜可仅在第一暴露面的子区域上延伸,以留下不含聚合薄膜的边缘区域。优选地,该薄膜在聚合覆盖部件的整个面的2%至80%,优选3%至30%,特别优选5%至15%的区域上延伸。仅在聚合覆盖部件的子区域上延伸的薄膜的优点是,其在注塑模具中可通过粘附固定,而不需要额外的固定措施。对于较小的薄膜,在薄膜后注塑过程中包围空气泡或该薄膜被注塑物料渗透的风险最小化。所述机动车安装件因此可更有效地制造。该薄膜还可特别优选地仅在印刷物的区域上延伸。
在另一个优选实施方案中,聚合薄膜包含多个具有装饰性印刷物的单独聚合薄膜,其中这些单独聚合薄膜各自在聚合覆盖部件的子区域上延伸。因此,可通过简单方法将更复杂组成的装饰性印刷物集成到所述部件中。
在将该机动车安装件用作机动车玻璃板时,印刷物优选安装在载体部件的区域中,由此使驾驶员通过透明玻璃板区域的视野不受印刷物负面影响。该聚合薄膜优选是预成型,特别优选是热预成型的。聚合薄膜的事先成型使得与注塑模具腔室和覆盖部件的几何更好匹配。这还在聚合薄膜用聚合覆盖部件后注塑时避免聚合材料相在聚合覆盖部件和聚合薄膜之间的渗透。
本发明此外包含塑料-机动车安装件,其包含至少一个不透明聚合载体部件、透明聚合覆盖部件、聚合薄膜和在该聚合薄膜上的保护涂层。该聚合薄膜设置在透明聚合覆盖部件上,其中该聚合薄膜具有不透明或部分不透明印刷物。该聚合载体部件安装在透明覆盖部件的不具有聚合薄膜的一侧上,即该载体部件安装在透明覆盖部件的与聚合薄膜相对的表面上。该聚合载体部件提供塑料-机动车安装件的稳定性并包含如上所述的聚合材料,如聚乙烯(PE)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯、聚丁二烯、聚腈、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT),优选丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、丙烯酸酯-苯乙烯-丙烯腈(ASA)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯–聚碳酸酯(ABS/PC)、PET/PC、PBT/PC和/或它们的共聚物或混合物。
所述聚合载体部件优选含有无机或有机填料,特别优选SiO2、Al2O3、TiO2、粘土矿物、硅酸盐、沸石、玻璃纤维、碳纤维、玻璃球、有机纤维和/或它们的混合物。这些填料可进一步提高载体部件的稳定性。此外,这些填料可减小聚合材料的含量并因此减小所述部件的制造成本。
所述聚合覆盖部件可保证装饰性功能也可保证部件耐受性领域中的功能。对此的实例是提高耐候性、耐UV性和耐化学性的表面或涂层。所述聚合薄膜用作不透明或部分不透明印刷物的载体。该印刷物可安装在薄膜的在插入注塑模具中时朝向注塑模具的一侧上,以使该印刷物在成品机动车安装件中位于机动车安装件的第一暴露面上。替代地,该印刷物也可安装在薄膜的朝向透明聚合覆盖部件的一侧上,由此使该印刷物不直接暴露于外部影响。在多层薄膜的情况中,该印刷物也可设置在薄膜的两个单独层之间,由此在成品机动车安装件中少许保护印刷物抵抗外部影响。该印刷物优选在至少250℃,优选320℃下是分解稳定的,因为否则该印刷物或着色颜料会在注射聚合覆盖部件时分解或洗去。所述不透明或部分不透明的印刷物优选在150℃至350℃,特别优选200℃至320℃下是热分解稳定的。该聚合薄膜同样优选在至少150℃,特别优选至少320℃下是分解稳定的,否则可能在成品工件中在聚合薄膜区域中形成气泡和变色。
所述聚合薄膜优选在200℃至320℃下是热分解稳定的。合适的薄膜材料在此尤其是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)和聚碳酸酯(PC)。这些聚合薄膜可用多种形成覆盖部件的透明聚合物注塑覆盖(überspritzen)。该聚合薄膜在一个替代性实施方案中也可为有色、黑色或灰色着色的。
所述聚合薄膜优选不在聚合覆盖部件的整个面上延伸。优选地,设置不含聚合薄膜的至少0.1cm至5cm的边缘区域。无薄膜的该边缘区域提供非常均匀的边缘密封。此外,该边缘区域可保证装饰性功能。
本发明此外包含塑料-机动车安装件用于机动车中的内部和外部应用,优选用于外部应用的用途。该塑料-机动车安装件优选用作机动车中的A-、B-或C-柱盖,特别优选机动车中的着色玻璃板。该塑料-机动车安装件作为散热器格栅外罩或扰流板元件的用途也同样可行。
借助附图和实施例进一步阐述本发明。该附图是示意图且不按照比例。该附图绝不限制本发明。
图1a显示了本发明塑料-机动车安装件的示意图,
图1b显示了沿着B-B'通过图1a的本发明塑料机动车安装件的横截面,
图2a显示了本发明塑料-机动车玻璃板的示意俯视图,
图2b显示了沿着A-A'通过本发明塑料-机动车玻璃板的横截面,且
图3显示了制造塑料-机动车安装件的本发明方法的流程图。
图1显示了本发明塑料-机动车安装件的示意图,例如机动车的B-柱盖。在由丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)制成的不透明聚合载体部件4上设置由PC或PMMA制成的透明聚合覆盖部件3。透明聚合覆盖部件3产生具有在不透明载体部件4表面上立体感(Tiefenwirkung)的类玻璃效应。在透明聚合覆盖部件3上设置具有装饰性印刷物2的0.5mm厚的聚合薄膜1。聚合薄膜1不在聚合覆盖部件3的整个面上延伸。宽度a为大约0.2cm的边缘区域不含聚合薄膜1,由此实现改进的边缘密封。在塑料-机动车安装件的所有暴露面I和II和侧面III上设置保护层5,例如基于聚硅氧烷的漆层。保护层5保护聚合薄膜1、聚合覆盖部件3和聚合载体部件4抵抗由于机械和化学影响的损伤。暴露侧面III也用保护层5覆盖并被保护抵抗外部影响。在本发明部件的横截面中看出,聚合薄膜1在部件的边缘区域中被聚合覆盖部件3的材料包围且聚合薄膜1嵌入透明覆盖部件3中。在聚合薄膜1用透明覆盖部件3的热材料后注塑时,实现聚合薄膜1的稳定固定但不含与聚合覆盖部件3的可见过渡。
图2a显示了本发明塑料-机动车玻璃板的示意俯视图。机动车玻璃板通常在视野外的玻璃板边缘区域中含有在透明组件上的深色着色的不透明组件。在不透明组件的区域中,该玻璃板可与机动车车身以对于观察者不可见的方式接合。这一深色区域在本发明的实施例中通过由PC/ABS混合物制成的厚度2.5mm的黑色载体部件4形成。在这一厚度下,载体部件4赋予机动车玻璃板必要的刚度。在载体部件4上安装由聚碳酸酯制成的厚度4mm的透明覆盖部件3。在这一厚度下得到在用作机动车玻璃时必需的足够的抗冲击韧度。透明覆盖部件3可为着色的,如在隐私玻璃领域中必需的那样。在聚合透明覆盖部件3上设置具有装饰性印刷物2的聚合薄膜1。如从图2b可看出,聚合薄膜1嵌入聚合覆盖部件3中并仅安装在载体部件4上方,以实现装饰性印刷物2在不透明设计的载体部件4之前的良好对比度。宽度a为0.1cm的边缘区域不含聚合薄膜1,以实现特别好的边缘密封。在聚合薄膜1和透明覆盖部件3上方在第一暴露面I上设置含有聚硅氧烷漆层的保护层5。该漆层保护聚合薄膜1和装饰性印刷物2抵抗摩擦、气候和损伤。通过用聚硅氧烷硬涂层涂覆聚合覆盖部件3甚至可满足通常仅对安全玻璃(由刚性塑料制成的玻璃板,ECE R43附件14,类别/M)所提出的非常高的要求。在所示实施例中,漆层安装在机动车玻璃板的所有暴露面I、II和III上,以改进玻璃板在第一和第二暴露面上的抗刮强度并还保护机动车玻璃板的暴露侧面III。
图3显示了制造本发明塑料-机动车安装件的本发明方法的流程图。在第一方法步骤中,使聚合薄膜1配备有在320℃的温度下分解稳定的不透明或部分不透明的印刷物2。印刷物2优选通过丝网印刷法或喷墨印刷法施加。聚合薄膜1随后插入注塑模具中并用透明聚合覆盖部件4(聚合覆盖部件的液化聚合材料)后注塑。在随后的步骤中,将聚合载体部件4注射到聚合薄膜1和聚合覆盖部件3上。在聚合覆盖部件3和聚合载体部件4固化之后,还施加保护层5(硬涂层)以改进耐机械性和耐化学性。该硬涂层可通过流涂-、喷涂-或浸涂法施加。保护层5施加在第一暴露面I上,即在聚合覆盖部件3和聚合薄膜1上,并施加在第二暴露面II上,即至少在聚合载体部件4上。在用聚硅氧烷硬涂层涂覆时,甚至可以满足通常仅对安全玻璃(由刚性塑料制成的玻璃板,ECE R43附件14,类别/M)所提出的非常高的要求。
附图标记列表:
(1)聚合薄膜
(2)印刷物
(3)聚合覆盖部件
(4)聚合载体部件
(5)保护层
(a)无聚合薄膜的边缘区域的宽度
(I)塑料-机动车安装件的第一暴露面
(II)塑料-机动车安装件的第二暴露面
(III)塑料-机动车安装件的暴露侧面。
Claims (26)
1.制造塑料-机动车安装件的方法,其中
a.将具有不透明或部分不透明的印刷物(2)或着色颜料的聚合薄膜(1)插入注塑模具中,
b.将聚合薄膜(1)用光学上透明的聚合覆盖部件(3)后注塑,其中聚合薄膜(1)嵌入聚合覆盖部件(3)中,并且聚合薄膜(1)和聚合覆盖部件(3)一起形成暴露面(I),其中聚合薄膜(1)在暴露面(I)的子区域上延伸,
c.将聚合载体部件(4)直接地注射到背离聚合薄膜(1)的聚合覆盖部件(3)表面的至少一部分上,并
d.将保护层(5)至少施加到聚合薄膜(1)上。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中保护层(5)安装在所述塑料-机动车安装件的所有暴露面(I、II、III)上。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合载体部件(4)设计为不透明。
4.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合覆盖部件(3)以1mm至10mm的厚度注塑。
5.根据权利要求4的方法,其中聚合覆盖部件(3)以2mm至5mm的厚度注塑。
6.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合载体部件(4)以0.5mm至10mm的厚度注塑。
7.根据权利要求6的方法,其中聚合载体部件(4)以1mm至5mm的厚度注塑。
8.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合覆盖部件(3)含有聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、苯乙烯-丙烯腈(SAN)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和/或它们的共聚物或混合物。
9.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合载体部件(4)含有聚乙烯(PE)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯、聚丁二烯、聚腈、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)和/或它们的共聚物或混合物。
10.根据权利要求9的方法,其中聚合载体部件(4)含有丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、丙烯酸酯-苯乙烯-丙烯腈(ASA)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯-聚碳酸酯(ABS/PC)、PET/PC、PBT/PC。
11.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中保护层(5)含有热固化漆或UV固化漆,和/或它们的混合物或共聚物。
12.根据权利要求11的方法,其中保护层(5)含有聚硅氧烷、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
13.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合薄膜(1)含有聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚碳酸酯-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT/PC)、苯乙烯-丙烯腈(SAN)和/或它们的共聚物或混合物。
14.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合薄膜(1)的厚度为0.1mm至3mm。
15.根据权利要求14的方法,其中聚合薄膜(1)的厚度为0.12mm至0.5mm。
16.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合薄膜(1)是预成型的。
17.根据权利要求16的方法,其中聚合薄膜(1)是热预成型的。
18.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合薄膜(1)在聚合覆盖部件(3)的整个面的3%至30%的区域上延伸。
19.根据权利要求18的方法,其中聚合薄膜(1)在聚合覆盖部件(3)的整个面的5%至15%的区域上延伸。
20.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中聚合薄膜(1)包含多个单独聚合薄膜(1),这些单独聚合薄膜各自在聚合覆盖部件(3)的整个面的子区域上延伸。
21.塑料-机动车安装件,其至少包含:
a.聚合薄膜(1),其具有不透明或部分不透明印刷物(2)或着色颜料,其中聚合薄膜(1)用光学上透明的聚合覆盖部件(3)后注塑,其中聚合薄膜(1)嵌入聚合覆盖部件(3)中,并且聚合薄膜(1)和聚合覆盖部件(3)一起形成暴露面(I),其中聚合薄膜(1)在暴露面(I)的子区域上延伸,
b.不透明聚合载体部件(4),其直接地注射在背离聚合薄膜(1)的聚合覆盖部件(3)表面的至少一部分上,和
c.保护层(5),其至少安装在聚合薄膜(1)上。
22.根据权利要求21的塑料-机动车安装件,其中印刷物(2)含有有机颜料或无机颜料。
23.根据权利要求22的塑料-机动车安装件,其中印刷物(2)含有氨基甲酸酯-丙烯酸酯聚合物、碳、偶氮染料或多环化合物、二氧化钛、炭黑、辰砂、铋颜料、尖晶石颜料、铅颜料、汞颜料、锆颜料、铁颜料、镉颜料、铜颜料、钴颜料、镍颜料、铬颜料;硅酸铝、群青。
24.根据权利要求23的塑料-机动车安装件,其中印刷物(2)含有钒酸铋。
25.根据权利要求21至24任一项的塑料-机动车安装件作为机动车的外部安装件的用途。
26.根据权利要求25的塑料-机动车安装件的用途,作为机动车玻璃板或柱盖。
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ES (1) | ES2757055T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2017000518A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL3169502T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT3169502T (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2016008790A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (17)
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US10166706B2 (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2019-01-01 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Method for producing a plastic vehicle part |
DE102016004030A1 (de) * | 2016-04-02 | 2017-10-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Kunststoffscheibe mit Dekorschicht für eine Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie |
CA3019147C (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2020-08-25 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Method for producing a plastic vehicle add-on part |
DE102016210816A1 (de) * | 2016-06-16 | 2017-12-21 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kunststoffabdeckung mit transparentem Anteil und Anzeigeabdeckung aus Kunststoff |
WO2018073111A1 (de) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-26 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines kunststoffkörpers, welcher sich als dekorelement eignet |
CN108966645A (zh) | 2017-03-20 | 2018-12-07 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 制造塑料车辆安装件的方法 |
DE102017205202A1 (de) | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Polyurethanbasiertes Display, Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben und Verwendung des polyurethanbasierten Displays und Fahrzeug mit einem polyurethanbasierten Display |
EP3473497B1 (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2021-11-03 | SABIC Global Technologies B.V. | Front end panel for an electric vehicle |
FR3088600B1 (fr) * | 2018-11-16 | 2021-06-25 | Plastic Omnium Cie | Piece exterieure de vehicule automobile multicouche comprenant un element chauffant |
DE102018132395A1 (de) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Flächenheizung für einen Teilbereich eines Fahrzeugs |
US10632822B2 (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-04-28 | Elaine Fernandes | Automotive protective plate for solar rays |
JP7163877B2 (ja) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-11-01 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 樹脂ウインドウパネルおよび樹脂ウインドウパネルの車体接着構造 |
EP3552792A1 (de) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-16 | WEIDPLAS GmbH | Bauteil mit trägerteil und deckschicht sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen bauteils |
CH716415A2 (de) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-29 | Rotho Kunststoff Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Spritzobjekts. |
ES2922028A1 (es) * | 2021-02-23 | 2022-09-06 | Srg Global Liria S L | Un metodo de moldeo por inyeccion de multiples disparos de una pieza decorativa para la parte delantera de un vehiculo y una pieza decorativa moldeada por inyeccion de multiples disparos para la parte delantera de un vehiculo |
EP4297950A1 (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2024-01-03 | SRG Global Liria, S.L. | Two-shot molded transferred part with film decoration |
CN114216807A (zh) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-03-22 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | 一种汽车内饰塑料件耐磨性的测试方法 |
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- 2015-07-09 JP JP2017502793A patent/JP6403866B2/ja active Active
- 2015-07-09 BR BR112017000337-6A patent/BR112017000337B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2015-07-09 EP EP15738026.2A patent/EP3169502B1/de active Active
- 2015-07-09 PT PT157380262T patent/PT3169502T/pt unknown
- 2015-07-09 EA EA201790196A patent/EA033709B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2015-07-09 CN CN201580016754.9A patent/CN106457634B/zh active Active
- 2015-07-09 WO PCT/EP2015/065660 patent/WO2016008790A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-07-09 PL PL15738026T patent/PL3169502T3/pl unknown
- 2015-07-09 KR KR1020177000977A patent/KR101994004B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-07-09 ES ES15738026T patent/ES2757055T3/es active Active
- 2015-07-09 CA CA2954227A patent/CA2954227C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-07-09 MX MX2017000518A patent/MX2017000518A/es unknown
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US10166706B2 (en) | 2019-01-01 |
KR20170018043A (ko) | 2017-02-15 |
MX2017000518A (es) | 2017-05-01 |
ES2757055T3 (es) | 2020-04-28 |
KR101994004B1 (ko) | 2019-06-27 |
US20170165884A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
BR112017000337B1 (pt) | 2021-07-20 |
JP6403866B2 (ja) | 2018-10-10 |
EA033709B1 (ru) | 2019-11-19 |
PL3169502T3 (pl) | 2020-02-28 |
EP3169502B1 (de) | 2019-08-21 |
CA2954227A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
CA2954227C (en) | 2019-08-20 |
EA201790196A1 (ru) | 2017-05-31 |
US10603826B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
JP2017522206A (ja) | 2017-08-10 |
PT3169502T (pt) | 2019-12-02 |
US20190184614A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
CN106457634A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
WO2016008790A1 (de) | 2016-01-21 |
EP3169502A1 (de) | 2017-05-24 |
BR112017000337A2 (pt) | 2017-11-07 |
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