CN106455641A - 干燥反应香料混合物的方法 - Google Patents
干燥反应香料混合物的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106455641A CN106455641A CN201580023226.6A CN201580023226A CN106455641A CN 106455641 A CN106455641 A CN 106455641A CN 201580023226 A CN201580023226 A CN 201580023226A CN 106455641 A CN106455641 A CN 106455641A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种制备反应香料组合物的方法。所述方法包括下列步骤:提供含有反应香料和水的反应香料混合物,将反应香料混合物在薄膜蒸发器中干燥,接着冷却以获得作为固体的反应香料组合物。还公开了通过这种方法制备的反应香料组合物和含有由此制备的香料组合物的消费产品。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2014年4月29日提交的美国临时申请序列号61/985,658的优先权。上述申请的内容通过整体引用结合在本文中。
背景
通常作为低至中粘度的糊状物的高强度反应香料通常被干燥以有助于它们的使用(供应链因素、配料、储存和稳定性等)。传统上,已经以两种方式中的一种来完成干燥。第一种是真空托盘干燥并且第二种是常规喷雾干燥。两种均具有益处和限制。
真空托盘干燥的最大益处是其可以在没有载体的情况下完成,从而制备具有高负载量的香料。参见美国专利号8,137,504、7,988,819、8,137,724、4,588,598、和4,282,263。在众多限制中,真空托盘干燥通常需要如长时间(例如,24小时)和高温(例如,≥290℃)的条件,这两个条件均对香料的质量和可靠性不利。此外,真空托盘干燥系统通常需要大的占地空间和相当长的循环次数。另外,可能会存在涉及装载和移除托盘并且处理产物的大量体力劳动。
喷雾干燥的最大益处是其比真空托盘干燥更多成本有效。该过程可以以连续方式进行并且降低了体力劳动的量。喷雾干燥的一个限制是,需要大量载体(例如,40%)以成功地将产物干燥。参见Prince等人,国际工程研究与开发期刊(International Journal ofEngineering Research and Development)10,33-40(2014)。在没有载体的情况下,香料通常在喷雾干燥器的壁上累积,顶多得到非常差的产率,并且在最差的情况下,无法将产物干燥。另外,载体将香料稀释从而降低其强度、可靠性、和特性。
存在对开发用于制备高度浓缩并且真正美味的反应香料固体组合物的方法的需求。
概述
本发明基于发现了制备意外保持其真正美味的反应香料组合物的成本有效并且迅速的方法。
因此,本发明的一个方面涉及制备反应香料组合物的方法,所述方法包含以下步骤:(i)提供含有40%至75%的反应香料和25%至60%的水的反应香料混合物,(ii)将所述反应香料混合物在薄膜蒸发器中在75至180mmHg(例如,80至100mmHg)的真空下和在70至95℃(例如,80至85℃)的产物膜温度下干燥以获得具有小于10%(例如,8%和6%)的水的熔融反应香料,和(iii)将所述熔融反应香料冷却以获得作为固体的所述反应香料组合物。
通常通过使氨基酸和还原糖反应来制备反应香料混合物,其中氨基酸和还原糖之间的比率是10∶1至1∶10(例如,5∶1至1∶5和3∶1至1∶3)。由此制备的反应香料混合物在25℃的温度下具有5至500厘泊(“cP”)的粘度。
优选地,反应香料组合物具有25℃以上(例如,25至50℃)的玻璃化转变温度(“Tg”)。更优选地,Tg是35℃以上(例如,35至50℃)。在一些实施方案中,将载体(0.5至25%)加入至反应香料混合物中以使得最终反应香料组合物的Tg升高至25℃以上。适合的载体包括糖、糖衍生物、改性淀粉、蛋白质、醇、纤维素、糊精、胶、糖多元醇、肽、酸、碳水化合物、水胶体、二氧化硅、和它们的组合。
任选地,发明的方法包括以下额外步骤:(a)将反应香料混合物的pH调节为1.5至5(例如,2至2.5),(b)在所述pH调节之后在干燥之前将所述反应香料混合物预加热至40至75℃(例如,65至70℃)的温度;和(c)在所述预加热之后将所述反应香料混合物经由进料泵进料至薄膜蒸发器。然后在将反应香料混合物在挤出之前在薄膜蒸发器中干燥0.5至3分钟(例如,0.5至1.5分钟)以获得具有小于8%的水的熔融反应香料。
此外,本发明的方法还可以包括下列步骤:(I)在冷却之前将液体、气体或它们的组合加入至所述熔融反应香料中;和(ii)研磨所述固体反应香料组合物以获得作为粉末的反应香料组合物。
本发明的另一个方面涉及通过上述方法中的任何一种制备的反应香料组合物。
含有本发明的反应香料组合物的消费产品也在本发明的范围内。
示例性消费产品是烘焙产品、零食、谷物产品、酒精和非酒精饮料、香辛料混合物、即热食品、即食套餐、乳制品、肉产品、调味制剂、番茄酱、酱料、干燥蔬菜、汤、肉汁、面条、冷冻主菜、肉卤、和甜点。
本发明的一个或多个实施方案的细节在以下描述中给出。根据说明书和权利要求,本发明的其他特征、目标、和优点将会是显而易见的。
附图简述
图1示出了本发明的反应香料蒸发过程的简化工艺流程图。
图2示出了具有额外下游能力的本发明的反应香料蒸发过程的简化工艺流程图。
详细描述
反应香料是作为还原糖和氨基酸或蛋白质之间的化学反应的结果而生成的那些。反应在水中进行。在维持原始芳香和香味的同时得到固体反应香料中,干燥是关键的。
传统上,反应香料托盘干燥的或喷雾干燥的。托盘干燥需要在高温下的长时间,在此期间挥发性化合物损失并且原始香味变化。喷雾干燥使用大量的载体并且制备具有低香料负载量(例如,10%以下)的产物。
现在已经发现,可以使用薄膜或聚合物蒸发器将反应香料直接(不使用载体)或使用非常少量的载体干燥。这种成本有效的干燥过程可以匹配或接近于匹配原始香料质量和可靠性。
薄膜蒸发器是设计为处理通常具有超过一百万厘泊(cP)的粘度的非常粘性的材料的蒸发器。使用薄膜蒸发器,观察到反应香料的香味特征没有明显改变。因此,香料化学家或调香师现在可以设计反应香料了,他们已知之后的干燥过程将不会改变反应香料的质量或特征。
因此,本发明提供用于通过以下方式干燥反应香料的方法:将反应香料在薄膜蒸发器中在真空下在高于反应香料的玻璃化转变温度的温度下蒸发以获得具有10%以下的水的熔融、干燥的反应香料,将干燥的反应香料冷却至室温以获得固体,并且研磨并筛分固体反应香料。
任何反应香料均可以通过上述方法干燥。实例包括红肉、家禽、咖啡、蔬菜、面包皮和火烤香韵(note)。这些香料通常在将起始材料如碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的混合物加热足够长时间以得到所需外形时形成。在加热期间,发生化学反应,例如美拉德(Maillard)反应、希夫碱(Schiff base)反应、斯特雷克(Strecker)反应和焦糖化(caramelization)反应、和/或其他有益香料反应。美拉德反应是还原糖和氨基酸在热的存在下引起香料产生的非酶褐变反应。
可以在反应香料的形成中使用的材料包括,但不限于,脂质或脂肪、还原糖、游离氨基酸、备选蛋白质源如水解蔬菜蛋白(HVP)或酵母自溶物和少量引发反应的水。除了这些材料之外,存在可以改变香料味道的额外材料。肉粉、和粉末状肉汤或原汤可以增加天然肉味。硫胺素还可以有助于反应以得到不同的成品香料。动物脂肪如鸡肉或猪肉可以提供增加的口感。酸和碱可以调节pH,这将会进而影响反应和改变香料。蔬菜汁还可以用于帮助使香料的外形丰满。香辛料、精油和其他增香剂也可以在构建健康的加工香料中扮演其重要作用。
适合的氨基酸是天然或非天然的、标准品或衍生物。实例包括:甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、丝氨酸、半胱氨酸、硒代半胱氨酸、苏氨酸、甲硫氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸盐、谷氨酸盐、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、5-羟色氨酸(5-HTP)、L-二羟基-苯丙氨酸(L-DOPA)、和依氟鸟氨酸(eflornithine)。
还原糖是具有醛基或能够通过异构在溶液中形成醛基的那些。醛基允许糖在许多食品的褐变中重要的美拉德反应中起还原剂的作用。醛糖的环状半缩醛形式可以打开以露出醛并且某些酮糖可以经历互变异构成为醛糖。还原糖的实例包括:葡萄糖、果糖、木糖、甘油醛、半乳糖、乳糖、阿拉伯糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖聚合物如淀粉、水解淀粉、和淀粉衍生物如葡萄糖浆、麦芽糊精、和糊精。
氨基酸和还原糖之间的比率可以是40∶1至1∶10(例如,20∶1至1∶5和12∶1至1∶2)。
典型的反应香料是这样的产品:25-60%水、10-30%氨基酸、10-30%还原糖、5-25%蛋白质、和2-15%脂肪。
反应香料混合物的pH可以在0.5-8、优选1-7的范围内调节。可以使用任何食品等级的酸和碱。酸的实例包括乳酸、磷酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、草酸、单宁酸、咖啡单宁酸、苯甲酸、丁酸、以及它们的组合。碱的实例包括氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钾、和乙酸钠。
加热通常是形成反应香料的另一部分。一旦将材料组合,就将它们加热,以活化并且允许反应产生香料。取决于如何将过程香料加热,其发挥作用以模仿不同类型的烹调技术,无论是水煮、烧烤、或烘烤。在该步骤中要控制的关键因素是温度和时间。必须控制温度以确保形成正确的外形。如果温度过低,则香料可能不会充分反应或者可能不会产生所需的烘烤香韵。然而,如果其过高,则味道可能会变得过度烘烤或烧焦。加工中的另一个因素是时间。如果没有将反应香料加热足够长时间,则材料可能不会具有完全反应的机会。这可能会导致香料的形成不完全,而且还可能会由于剩余的未反应材料而导致不好的味道。但是不应将香料加热过长时间,因为这可能会导致形成过多的压制其他更微妙的香韵的烘烤香韵。可以在本发明的方法中使用任何反应香料。最常用反应香料中的一些包括红肉、家禽、蔬菜、面包皮、巧克力、焦糖、爆米花和火烤香韵。例如US 2,934,436;US 3,316,099;US3,394,017;US 3,620,772;US 4,604,290;US 5,039,543;US 2006/0045954;WO 2002/063974;和CN 102613370,描述了反应香料。
在某些实施方案中,由此制备的反应香料组合物含有载体,例如,淀粉或麦芽糊精,其小于干燥反应香料组合物的25%(例如,小于20%、15%、10%、5%、或1%)。在其它实施方案中,反应香料组合物不包含载体。
根据本发明,将反应香料混合物(未浓缩的或液体反应香料)在薄膜蒸发器中在真空下在高于反应香料组合物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)的温度下蒸发。反应香料组合物的Tg可以由技术人员通过常规方法,例如使用差示扫描量热法(DSC)或机械光谱法(或动态机械热分析(DMTA))容易地确定。参见,例如,Bell&Touma,J.Food Sci.61,807-10(1996)和Meste等人,J.Food Sci.67,2444-58(2002)。Tg通常高于某个温度以使得反应香料组合物在室温下是固体。优选地,Tg高于10℃(例如,高于20℃,高于25℃,15至60℃,和20至50℃)。当反应香料的Tg低于25℃(例如,低于10℃,15℃,和20℃)时,加入载体以增加Tg,从而使得所得反应香料组合物在室温下是固体或半固体。
典型的薄膜蒸发器以在一个方向,例如垂直方向(从上到下流动)或水平方向上流动来配置,并且使用在高扭矩下转子进行操作,以使反应香料混合物的薄层以螺旋方式沿着加热壁分布。转子将反应香料混合物保持得薄,从而在推动香料混合物通过蒸发器的同时增强热量转移和水移除。理想地,将温度保持在25℃至200℃的范围内,或更优选在50℃至150℃的范围内。
对蒸发器维持真空以使移除水并且维持产品质量所需的温度最小化。在某些实施方案中,施加0.05至0.5atm(例如,0.1至0.4atm、0.1至0.12atm、和0.12至0.24atm)的真空。在本方法中使用的示例性薄膜蒸发器由LCI Corporation(Charlotte,NC)制造。
离开蒸发器的干燥反应香料组合物具有10%以下的水含量。在某些实施方案中,干燥反应香料具有4%至10%的水含量。将干燥反应香料维持在高于其玻璃化转变温度(Tg)的熔融状态,直到其离开蒸发器并且经过挤出模具。使用高粘度熔融泵或齿轮泵将熔融、干燥的反应香料经由在其中可以将干燥反应香料成形为薄玻璃、圆股绳、或其他形状的挤出模具转移。之后将材料冷却至室温,在这种情况下其成为固体。可以通过研磨至所需粒度(例如,50至500μm并且优选100至200μm)得到最终产品。在图1中提供了包括在本方法中使用的组件的示意图。
在另一个实施方案中,所述方法包括将液体和/或气体加入至熔融、干燥的反应香料中。在熔融泵之后可以包括具有静态混合器的液体进料系统,以允许将液体香料材料加入至熔融、干燥的反应香料组合物中,从而得到目前通过托盘或喷雾干燥不能获得的更完整的香料外形产品。类似地,在熔融泵之后可以包括气体注入系统,以允许加入二氧化碳、氮或其他气体以控制产品的密度和/或孔隙率。密度控制对于配料来说可能是至关重要的,而控制孔隙率的能力可以引起改善的溶解性和溶解控制。在图2中提供了包括在本方法中使用的液体和气体进料系统的示意图。
在另一个实施方案中,所述方法包括在将其从薄膜蒸发器中挤出之后例如使用干燥剂干燥器将反应香料组合物干燥的步骤。反应香料组合物的挤出的股绳可以通过将股绳冷却并且将含水量降低至所需水平(例如,小于10%)的干燥剂干燥剂。
可以使用由此制备的干燥反应香料组合物作为食品中的调味料或香味剂、膳食补充剂、药物、或其他食用材料。例如,本发明的调味料或香味剂可以用于香料汤和汤混合物,焙盘菜,罐装和冷冻的人类食品,动物或宠物食品,酱料,肉卤,炖菜,模拟肉制品,肉酱(meat spread)和蘸酱(dip),烘焙产品,牛肉、鸡肉、猪肉、鱼肉和海鲜提取物的替代品、等等。在以下应用部分中描述了更多的使用实例。所采用的具体调味料或香味剂的量将会取决于具体的应用。通常,通过本发明制造的调味料或香味剂的0.1至5重量%并且优选约0.5至1重量%的量通常足以为食品提供理想的香料和芳香。
载体
在一些反应香料中需要载体以提高Tg、密度、孔隙率、加工生产率、或香味强度。实例是糖、糖衍生物、改性淀粉、蛋白质、醇、纤维素、糊精、胶、糖多元醇、肽、酸、碳水化合物、水胶体。适合的材料的具体实例包括糖如阿拉伯胶、荚膜(capsul)、麦芽糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、左旋糖(levulose)、海藻糖、果糖、核糖、右旋糖(dextrose)、异麦芽酮糖醇、山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、木糖醇、乳糖醇、麦芽糖醇、戊糖醇(pentatol)、阿拉伯糖、戊糖、木糖、半乳糖;氢化淀粉水解产物、菊粉、低聚糖如低聚果糖;麦芽糊精或糊精(即,可溶性纤维);改性淀粉;果糖颗粒;玉米糖浆固体;白糖颗粒;水胶体如琼脂、阿拉伯树胶、改性阿拉伯树胶、海藻酸钠、海藻酸钾、海藻酸铵、海藻酸钙或角叉菜胶;胶;聚葡萄糖;纤维素如羧甲基纤维素钠、酶水解的羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素;蛋白质如明胶、豌豆蛋白、大豆和乳清蛋白分离物和水解产物、和酪蛋白酸钠;二氧化硅;以及它们的衍生物和混合物。
其他活性材料
除了反应香料之外,可以将其他活性材料加入至任何以上组合物中的任何一种。这些材料包括香料、香料成分如香精油、味道掩蔽剂、味道感知剂、维生素、染料、着色剂、颜料、抗炎剂、麻醉剂、镇痛剂、抗真菌剂、抗生素、抗病毒剂、抗寄生剂、酶和辅酶、抗组胺剂、和化疗剂。
可以包括的香料的实例是乙醛、二甲基硫醚、乙酸乙酯、丙酸乙酯、丁酸甲酯和丁酸乙酯。含有挥发性醛或酯的香料包括,例如,乙酸肉桂基酯、肉桂醛、柠檬醛、二乙缩醛、乙酸二氢香芹酯、甲酸丁香酚酯和对甲基苯甲醚。可以在本香料油中存在的挥发性化合物的另外的实例包括乙醛(苹果);苯甲醛(樱桃、杏仁);肉桂醛(肉桂);柠檬醛,即α柠檬醛(柠檬、酸橙);橙花醛,即β柠檬醛(柠檬、酸橙);癸醛(橙、柠檬);乙基香兰素(香草、奶油);洋茉莉醛,即胡椒醛(香草、奶油);香兰素(香草、奶油);α-戊基肉桂醛(香辛水果香料);丁醛(黄油、奶酪);戊醛(黄油、奶酪);香茅醛(改性剂,多种类型);癸醛(柑橘属水果);醛C-8(柑橘属水果);醛C-9(柑橘属水果);醛C-12(柑橘属水果);2-乙基丁醛(浆果);己醛,即反式-2(浆果);甲苯基醛(樱桃、杏仁);藜芦醛(香草);2,6-二甲基-5-庚醛,即甜瓜醛(甜瓜);2-6-二甲基辛醛(绿色水果);和2-十二醛(柑橘属,桔);樱桃;或葡萄以及它们的混合物。递送系统还可以含有味道调节剂和人造增甜剂。如在本文中所使用的,香料被认为包括源自多香果、罗勒、辣椒(capsicum)、肉桂、丁香、枯茗(cumin)、莳萝(dill)、大蒜、甘牛至草(marioram)、肉豆蔻、红辣椒(paprika)、黑胡椒、迷迭香和姜黄的香辛料油性树脂,精油,大茴香(anise)油,香芹油,丁香油,桉树油,茴香(fennel)油,大蒜油,姜油,薄荷油,洋葱油,辣椒油,迷迭香油,留兰香油,柑橘油,橙油,柠檬油,苦橙油,蜜柑油,葱香料,大蒜,韭葱,细洋葱和洋葱,植物提取物,山金车(arnica)花提取物,春黄菊(chamomile)花提取物,啤酒花(hops)提取物,金盏花(marigold)提取物,植物香料提取物,黑莓,菊苣(chicory)根,可可,咖啡,可乐果,欧亚甘草(licorice)根,野玫瑰果(rose hips),洋菝契(sarsaparilla)根,檫树(sassafras)皮,罗望子(tamarind)和香草提取物,蛋白水解产物,水解蔬菜蛋白,肉蛋白水解产物,乳汁蛋白水解产物以及天然和人造的混合香料,包括在S.Heath香料来源手册(Source Book of Flavors)Avi Publishing Co.,Westport Connecticut,1981年,第149-277页中公开的那些。具体的优选的香料佐剂包括,但不限于以下:大茴香油;乙基-2-丁酸甲酯;香兰素;顺式-3-庚烯醇;顺式-3-己烯醇;反式-2-庚醛;戊酸丁酯;2,3-二乙基吡嗪;甲基环-戊烯醇酮;苯甲醛;缬草(valerian)油;3,4-二甲-氧基苯酚;乙酸戊酯;肉桂酸戊酯、y-丁内酯;糠醛;三甲基吡嗪;苯基乙酸;异戊醛;乙基麦芽糖醇;乙基香兰素;戊酸乙酯;丁酸乙酯;可可提取物;咖啡提取物;薄荷油;留兰香油;丁香油;茴香脑;小豆蔻(cardamom)油;冬绿油;肉桂醛;乙基-2-戊酸甲酯;g-己烯基内酯;2,4-癸二烯醛;2,4-庚二烯醛;甲基噻唑醇(4-甲基-5-b-羟乙基噻唑);2-甲基丁硫醇;4-巯基-2-丁酮;3-巯基-2-戊酮;1-巯基-2-丙烷;苯甲醛;糠醛;糠醇;2-巯基丙酸;烷基吡嗪;甲基吡嗪;2-乙基-3-甲基吡嗪;四甲基吡嗪;聚硫化物;二丙基二硫醚;甲基苄基二硫醚;烷基噻吩;2,3-二甲基噻吩;5-甲基糠醛;乙酰基呋喃;2,4-癸二烯醛;愈创木酚(guiacol);苯基乙醛;b-癸内酯;d-柠檬烯;乙偶姻;乙酸戊酯;麦芽糖醇;丁酸乙酯;乙酰丙酸;胡椒醛;乙酸乙酯;正辛醛;正戊醛;正己醛;二乙酰基;谷氨酸单钠;谷氨酸单钾;含硫氨基酸,例如半胱氨酸;水解蔬菜蛋白;2-甲基呋喃-3-硫醇;2-甲基二氢呋喃-3-硫醇;2,5-二甲基呋喃-3-硫醇;水解鱼肉蛋白;四甲基吡嗪;丙基丙烯基二硫醚;丙基丙烯基三硫醚;二烯丙基二硫醚;二烯丙基三硫醚;二丙烯基二硫醚;二丙烯基三硫醚;4-甲基-2-[(甲基硫基)-乙基]-1,3-二硫杂环戊烷;4,5-二甲基-2-(甲基硫基甲基)-1,3-二硫杂环戊烷;和4-甲基-2-(甲基硫基甲基)-1,3-二硫杂环戊烷。在美国专利号6,110,520和6,333,180中提供了这些和其他香料成分。
味道掩蔽剂是用于掩蔽一种或多种令人不愉快的味道感觉,尤其是苦、涩和/或金属味道感觉或余味的物质,所述物质可以是根据本发明的产品的成分。实例包括lactisol[2-O-(4-甲氧基苯基)乳酸](参考美国专利号5,045,336)、2,4-二羟基苯甲酸钾盐(参考美国专利号5,643,941)、姜提取物(参考GB 2,380,936)、新橙皮碱二氢查尔酮(参考制造化学(Manufacturing Chemist)2000,七月发行,16-17页)、特定的黄酮(2-苯基色-2-烯-4-酮)(参考美国专利号5,580,545)、特定的核苷酸,例如胞苷-5′-单磷酸(CMP)(参考US 2002/0177576)、特定的钠盐,如氯化钠、柠檬酸钠、乙酸钠和乳酸钠(参考自然(Nature),1997,Vol.387,563页)、β-乳球蛋白和磷脂酸的脂蛋白(参考EPA 635 218)、新香叶木苷(neodiosmine)[5,7-二羟基-2-(4-甲氧基-3-羟基苯基)-7-O-新橙皮糖基-色-2-烯-4-酮](参考美国专利号4,154,862),优选根据EP 1 258 200的羟基黄烷酮,在这个方面进而优选根据WO 2005/096841的2-(4-羟基苯基)-5,7-二羟基色满-4-酮(柚皮素(naringenin))、2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二氢色满-4-酮(圣草素(eriodictyol))、2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5-羟基-7-甲氧基色满-4-酮(圣草素-7-甲醚)、2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-7-羟基-5-甲氧基色满-4-酮(圣草素-5-甲醚)和2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-5,7-二氢色满-4-酮(高圣草素(homoeriodictyol))、它们的(2S)-或(2R)-对映体或它们的混合物以及它们与作为抗衡阳离子的Na+、K+、NH4+、Ca2+、Mg2+或Al3+的单价或多价酚盐或γ-氨基丁酸(4-氨基丁酸,作为中性形式(“内部盐”)或者羧酸盐或铵形式的)。
味道感知剂包括热的味道、引起分泌唾液的物质、引起温暖或刺痛感觉的物质、和冷却活性成分。
热的味道和/或引起分泌唾液的物质和/或引起在皮肤上或在粘膜上的温暖感觉和/或剌痛感觉并且可以作为根据本发明的产品的成分的物质的实例是:辣椒素,二氢辣椒素,姜辣素,非洲豆蔻醇(paradol),姜烯酚(shogaol),胡椒碱,羧酸-N-香荚兰胺(vanillylamide),尤其是壬酸-N-香荚兰胺,锯齿菊除虫素(pellitorin)或千日菊素(spilanthol),2-壬酸酰胺,尤其是2-壬酸-N-异丁酰胺、2-壬酸-N-4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯酰胺,4-羟基-3-甲氧基苄醇的烷基醚,尤其是4-羟基-3-甲氧基苄基-正丁基醚,4-酰氧基-3-甲氧基苄醇的烷基醚,尤其是4-乙酰氧基-3-甲氧基苄基-正丁基醚和4-乙酰氧基-3-甲氧基苄基-正己基醚,3-羟基-4-甲氧基苄醇的烷基醚,3,4-二甲氧基苄醇的烷基醚,3-乙氧基-4-羟基苄醇的烷基醚,3,4-亚甲基二氧基苄醇的烷基醚,(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)乙酸酰胺,尤其是(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)乙酸-N-正辛酰胺,香草扁桃酸烷基酰胺,阿魏酸-苯乙酰胺,烟醛,烟酸甲酯,烟酸丙酯,烟酸2-丁氧基乙酯,烟酸苄酯,1-乙酰氧基蒌叶酚,水蓼二醛(polygodial)和异十氢三甲基萘并呋喃醇(isodrimeninol),更优选根据WO 2004/000787或WO 2004/043906的顺式-和/或反式-锯齿菊除虫素,根据WO 2005/044778的烯烃羧酸-N-烷基酰胺,根据WO 03/106404的扁桃酸烷基酰胺或根据WO 2006/003210的烷氧基烷酸酰胺。优选的热的味道的天然提取物和/或引起在皮肤上或在粘膜上的温暖感觉和/或刺痛感觉并且可以作为根据本发明的产品的成分的天然提取物的实例是:红辣椒(paprika)的提取物、辣椒(pepper)的提取物(例如辣椒(capsicum)提取物)、红辣椒(chilipepper)的提取物、姜根的提取物、非洲豆蔻(Aframomum melgueta)的提取物、金纽扣(Spilanthes-acmella)的提取物、山奈(Kaempferia galangal)的提取物或大良姜(Alpinia galanga)的提取物。
适合的冷却活性成分包括以下:1-薄荷醇、d-薄荷醇、外消旋薄荷醇、薄荷酮甘油缩醛(商品名:Frescolat.RTM.MGA)、乳酸薄荷酯(商品名:Frescolat.RTM.ML,乳酸薄荷酯优选为乳酸l-薄荷酯,尤其是l-乳酸l-薄荷酯)、取代的薄荷基-3-羧酸酰胺(例如薄荷基-3-羧酸-N-乙酰胺)、2-异丙基-N-2,3-三甲基-丁酰胺、取代的环己烷羧酸酰胺、3-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇、碳酸2-羟乙基薄荷酯、碳酸2-羟丙基薄荷酯、N-乙酰甘氨酸薄荷酯、异胡薄荷醇、羟基羧酸薄荷酯(例如3-羟基丁酸薄荷酯)、琥珀酸单薄荷酯、2-巯基环癸酮、2-吡咯烷-5-酮羧酸薄荷酯、2,3-二羟基-对-薄荷烷、3,3,5-三甲基环己酮甘油缩酮、3,6-二氧杂烷酸3-薄荷酯和3,6-三氧杂烷酸3-薄荷酯、甲氧基乙酸3-薄荷酯和icilin。特别优选的冷却活性成分如下:1-薄荷醇、外消旋薄荷醇、薄荷酮甘油缩醛(商品名:Frescolat.RTM.MGA)、乳酸薄荷酯(优选1-乳酸薄荷酯,尤其是1-乳酸1-薄荷酯,商品名:Frescolat.RTM.ML)、3-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇、碳酸2-羟乙基薄荷酯、碳酸2-羟丙基薄荷酯。
维生素包括任何维生素、其衍生物及其盐。实例如下:维生素A及其类似物和衍生物(例如,视黄醇、视黄醛、视黄醇棕榈酸酯、视黄酸、维A酸(tretinoin)和异维A酸,其统称为类视色素)、维生素E(生育酚及其衍生物)、维生素C(L-抗坏血酸及其酯和其他衍生物)、维生素B3(烟酰胺及其衍生物)、α羟基酸(比如羟基乙酸、乳酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸等)和β羟基酸(如水杨酸等)。
根据本发明的产品可以含有,例如,以下染料、着色剂或颜料:乳黄素(核黄素)、β-胡罗卜素、核黄素-5′-磷酸、α-胡罗卜素、γ-胡罗卜素、角黄素、赤藓红、姜黄色素、喹啉黄、黄橙S、酒石黄、胭脂树橙、降胭脂树橙(annatto、orlean)、辣椒红素、辣椒玉红素、番茄红素、β-阿朴-8′-胡萝卜素醛、β-阿朴-8′-胡萝卜酸乙酯、叶黄素类(毛莨黄素、叶黄素、隐黄素、玉红黄素、紫黄素、紫衫红素)、坚牢胭脂红(胭脂红酸、洋红)、偶氮玉红、洋红A(丽春红4R)、甜菜根红、甜菜红、花青素、苋菜红、专利蓝V、靛蓝I(靛蓝-胭脂红)、叶绿素、叶绿素的铜化合物、酸亮绿BS(丽丝胺绿)、亮黑BN、植物碳、二氧化钛、铁氧化物和氢氧化物、碳酸钙、铝、银、金、颜料宝红BK(立索尔(lithol)宝红BK)、甲基紫B、维多利亚蓝R、维多利亚蓝B、阿西仑(acilan)亮蓝FFR(亮羊毛蓝FFR)、萘酚绿B、阿西仑坚牢绿10G(碱坚牢绿10G)、ceres黄GRN、苏丹蓝II、深蓝、酞菁蓝、酞菁绿、坚牢酸紫R。另外的天然获得的提取物(例如红辣椒提取物、黑胡萝卜提取物、红球甘蓝提取物)可以用于着色目的。还利用以下列所谓的铝色淀命名的颜色实现了良好的结果:FD&C黄5色淀、FD&C蓝2色淀、FD&C蓝1色淀、酒石黄色淀、喹啉黄色淀、FD&C黄6色淀、FD&C红40色淀、日落黄色淀、Carmoisine色淀、苋菜红色淀、丽春红4R色淀、赤鲜红色淀、红2G色淀、Allura红色淀、专利蓝V色淀、靛蓝胭脂红色淀、亮蓝色淀、棕HT色淀、黑PN色淀、绿S色淀以及它们的混合物。
抗炎剂包括,例如,水杨酸甲酯、阿司匹林(aspirin)、布洛芬(ibuprofen)、和茶普生(naproxen)。可用于局部使用的额外抗炎剂包括皮质类固醇,比如但不限于,氟氢缩松(flurandrenolide)、丙酸氯倍他索(clobetasol propionate)、丙酸卤倍他索(halobetasol propionate)、丙酸氟替卡松(fluticasone propionate)、二丙酸倍他米松(betamethasone dipropionate)、苯甲酸倍他米松(betamethasone benzoate)、戊酸倍他米松(betamethasone valerate)、去羟米松(desoximethasone)、地塞米松(dexamethasone)、二醋酸二氟拉松(diflorasone diacetate)、糠酸莫米松(mometasonefuroate)、安西奈德(amcinodine)、哈西奈德(halcinonide)、醋酸氟轻松(fluocinonide)、氟轻松(fluocinolone acetonide)、地奈德(desonide)、曲安奈德(triamcinoloneacetonide)、氢化可的松(hydrocortisone)、醋酸氢化可的松(hydrocortisone acetate)、氟甲松龙(fluoromethalone)、甲泼尼龙(methylprednisolone)和氢化波尼松(predinicarbate)。
可以局部递送的麻醉剂包括苯佐卡因(benzocaine)、氨苯丁酯(butamben)、苦味酸氨苯丁酯(butamben picrate)、可卡因(cocaine)、普鲁卡因(procaine)、丁卡因(tetracaine)、利多卡因(lidocaine)和盐酸普莫卡因(pramoxine hydrochloride)。
适合的镇痛剂包括,但不限于,布洛芬(ibuprofen)、双氯芬酸(diclofenac)、辣椒素(capsaicin)、和利多卡因(lidocaine)。
抗真菌剂的非限制性实例包括咪康唑(micanazole)、克霉唑(clotrimazole)、布康唑(butoconazole)、芬替康唑(fenticonasole)、噻康唑(tioconazole)、特康唑(terconazole)、硫康唑(sulconazole)、氟康唑(fluconazole)、卤普罗近(haloprogin)、ketonazole、酮康唑(ketoconazole)、康唑(oxinazole)、益康唑(econazole)、伊曲康唑(itraconazole)、特比萘芬(torbinafine)、制霉菌素(nystatin)和灰黄霉素(griseofulvin)。
抗生素的非限制性实例包括红霉素(erythromycin)、克林霉素(clindamycin)、合霉素(synthomycin)、四环素(tetracycline)、甲硝唑(metronidazole)等。
示例性的抗细菌剂包括氯苯呱哌嗪(bisguanidine)(例如,二葡萄糖酸氯己定)、二苯基化合物、苄基醇、三卤代二苯脲、季铵化合物、乙氧基化苯酚、以及苯酚化合物,如卤素取代的苯酚化合物,比如PCMX(即,对氯-间二甲苯酚)、三氯生(即,2,4,4’-三氯-2′羟基-二苯醚)、百里酚和三氯卡班。
抗氧化剂的实例包括β-胡罗卜素、维生素C(抗坏血酸)或其酯、维生素A或其酯、维生素E或其酯、叶黄素或其酯、木酚素、番茄红素、硒、类黄酮、维生素状抗氧化剂如辅酶Q10(CoQ10)和谷胱甘肽、以及抗氧化酶如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶。
抗病毒剂包括,但不限于,泛昔洛韦(famcyclovir)、伐昔洛韦(valacyclovir)和阿昔洛韦(acyclovir)。
可以用于局部使用的酶和辅酶的实例包括辅酶Q10、木瓜蛋白酶、脂酶、蛋白酶、超氧化物歧化酶、脱氧核糖核酸酶、胰蛋白酶、胶原酶和舒替兰酶(sutilain)。
抗组胺剂包括,但不限于,氯苯那敏(chlorpheniramine)、溴苯那敏(brompheniramine)、右氯苯那敏(dexchlorpheniramine)、曲普利啶(tripolidine)、氯马斯汀(clemastine)、苯海拉明(diphenhydramine)、异丙嗪、哌嗪、哌啶、阿司咪唑(astemizole)、氯雷他定(loratadine)和特非那定(terfonadine)。
化疗剂的非限制性实例包括5-氟尿嘧啶、马索罗酚(masoprocol)、氮芥(mechlorethamine)、环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide)、长春新碱(vincristine)、苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、链佐星(streptozocin)、甲氨蝶呤、博来霉素(bleomycin)、更生霉素(dactinomycin)、柔红霉素(daunorubicin)、coxorubicin和他莫昔芬(tamoxifen)。
在一些实施方案中,额外的活性材料的量为反应香料组合物的0.1%至50重量%(例如,0.2至40%、0.3至30%、0.4至20%和0.5至10%)。
应用
本发明的反应香料组合物良好地(但不是限制性地)适用于在下面的产品中使用:
a).糖果,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:巧克力、巧克力棒产品、其他棒形式的产品、果味口香糖、硬和软焦糖和口香糖。
i.口香糖
1.胶基(天然胶乳糖胶树胶,大多数当前的口香糖胶基目前还包含弹性体,如聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVA)、聚乙烯、(低或中分子量)聚异丁烯(PIB)、聚丁二烯、异丁烯-异戊二烯共聚物(丁基橡胶)、聚乙烯基乙醚(PVE)、聚乙烯基丁醚、乙烯酯和乙烯醚的共聚物、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物(苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶,SBR)、或乙烯弹性体,例如,基于乙酸乙烯酯/月桂酸乙烯酯、乙酸乙烯酯/硬脂酸乙烯酯或乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯,以及所提到的弹性体的混合物,例如在EP 0 242 325、美国专利号4,518,615、美国专利号5,093,136、美国专利号5,266,336、美国专利号5,601,858或美国专利号6,986,709中描述的,20-25%
2.粉末状糖45-50%
3.葡萄糖15-17%
4.淀粉糖浆10-13%
5.增塑剂0.1%
6.香料0.8-1.2%
通过捏合机根据前述制剂将上述组分捏合以提供口香糖。之后加入胶囊包裹的香料或感知剂并且共混直到均匀。
ii.口气清新剂
iii.口服可溶解条
iv.咀嚼糖果
v.硬糖
b).烘焙产品,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:面包、干松饼、蛋糕和其他饼干;
c).零食,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:烘焙或炸薯片或马铃薯面团产品、面包面团产品和玉米或花生系挤出物;
i.马铃薯、玉米饼(tortilla)、蔬菜或杂粮片
ii.爆米花
iii.椒盐卷饼(pretzel)
iv.挤出的叠层(extruded stack)
d).谷物产品,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:早餐谷类、木斯里棒(muesli bar)和预烹调成品大米产品
e).酒精和非酒精饮料,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:咖啡、茶、葡萄酒、含有葡萄酒的饮料、啤酒、含有啤酒的饮料、烈性酒、杜松子酒(schnapps)、白兰地、含有水果的苏打水、等渗饮料、软饮料、花蜜(nectar)、水果和蔬菜汁和水果或蔬菜制品;速溶饮料,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:速溶可可饮料、速溶茶饮料和速溶咖啡饮料
i.即饮液体饮料,包括碳酸或非碳酸饮料
ii.液体饮料浓缩物
iii.粉末饮料
iv.咖啡:速溶卡布奇诺
1.糖30-40%
2.奶粉24-35%
3.可溶性咖啡20-25%
4.乳糖1-15%
5.食品级乳化剂1-3%
6.胶囊包裹的挥发性香料.01-0.5%
v.茶
vi.酒精
f).调味品共混物和消费熟食
i.肉汁粉,酱料混合物
ii.佐料(condiment)
iii.发酵产品
g).即热食品:即食套餐和汤,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:粉末状汤、速溶汤、预烹调汤
i.汤
ii.酱料
iii.炖菜
iv.冷冻主菜
v.肉汁,包括肉汁汤、方块和肉冻
h).乳制品牛奶产品,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:牛奶饮料、冰牛奶、酸奶、开菲尔(kefir)、奶油奶酪、软奶酪、硬奶酪、奶粉、乳清、黄油、脱脂奶和部分或完全水解的含乳汁蛋白的产品调味牛奶饮料
i.酸奶
ii.冰淇淋
iii.豆腐
iv.奶酪
i).大豆蛋白质或其他大豆级分,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:豆奶和由其制造的产品、含大豆卵磷脂的制品、发酵产品如豆腐或天贝(tempeh)或由其制造的产品和酱油;
j).肉制品,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:火腿、新鲜或原料香肠制品、和调制或腌泡的新鲜或咸味肉制品
k).蛋或蛋产品,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:蛋粉、蛋清和蛋黄
l).以及油系产品或其乳液,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:蛋黄酱、调味蛋黄酱(remoulade)、沙拉酱(dressing)和调味制品
m).水果制品,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:果酱(jam)、雪葩(sorbet)、水果酱汁和水果馅;蔬菜制品,优选选自由下列各项组成的组:番茄酱、酱汁、干燥蔬菜、速冻蔬菜、预烹调蔬菜、醋中的蔬菜和腌制蔬菜。
以上列出的应用全部是在本领域内公知的。
所有份数、百分数和比例在本文中和在权利要求中是指以重量计,除非另外指出。
在本文中所公开的值和尺寸不应被理解为被严格限制为所叙述的确切数值。反而,除非另外指定,每个这样的值意在表示所叙述的值和在该值附近的功能上等同的范围二者。例如,作为“50%”公开的值意在表示“约50%”。
术语“聚合物”包括具有2-10个重复单元的低聚物和具有11个以上重复单元的大分子。
通过以下非限制性实施例更详细地描述了本发明。
实施例1
按照以下所述操作制备本发明的反应香料组合物,即组合物1。
反应香料混合物的制备
在压力反应器中,混合以下成分:水(275g)、鸡肉汤冷冻32PCT固体(可商购自国际香料和香精公司(International Flavors and Fragrances),South Brunswick,NJ;350g)、氨基酸(140g,含有半胱氨酸)、还原的醇(110g,含有右旋糖)、氢氧化钠(30g)和鸡肉脂肪(20g)。
将混合物在105℃加热60分钟并且冷却以获得反应香料混合物,之后将其储存在冰箱中。
干燥
使用磷酸将以上制备的反应香料混合物的pH调节为2。将混合物加载至进料槽并且在进料至薄膜蒸发器(即,1平方英尺的Artisan Rototherm System)之前预加热至71℃(160F)。
首先在0.65大气压(“atm”,即494mmHg)的真空和120℃系统套管温度的温度下将蒸发器干燥。之后将反应香料混合物以260mL/分钟的速率经由蠕动泵进料至蒸发器。在进料到达蒸发器之后,立即将蒸发器的干燥室中的压力降低至0.1-0.5atm并且将温度升高至130℃(系统套管温度)。这些干燥条件允许浓缩的材料达到足够高的粘度,以使得下游排出泵可以形成内部液封。如果粘度不足够高或者材料未充分浓缩,排出泵将不能形成针对内部真空的液封。在产品干燥表面中内部温度到达至80-85℃。在蒸发器中停留0.1至15分钟(例如,0.2至10分钟,0.3至5分钟和0.5至3分钟)之后,在70-75℃的温度下将干燥的反应香料组合物经由排出泵、接着立即经由绞制模具(stranding die)挤出。
之后收集股绳并且放置到冷却带上,接着粗研磨至200-250μm的粒度,后加工干燥(例如,通过安装在冷却带上的干燥剂干燥器)将产品水分从5-10%进一步降低至1-3%,并且之后最终精细研磨至100-150μm的粒度以获得组合物1。
实施例2和3
按照与上述组合物1相同的操作制备两个额外的组合物,即组合物2和3,不同之处在于使用不同的肉汤制备每种组合物。
在组合物2的制备中,使用BBQ香料固体代替鸡肉汤固体。
在组合物3的制备中,使用Swanson牛肉汤固体代替鸡肉汤固体。
比较例
还使用与组合物2和3相同的反应香料混合物分别制备了三种比较组合物,即比较组合物2’、2”、和3’。
在比较组合物2’中,将BBQ反应香料混合物托盘干燥。
在比较组合物2”中,将BBQ反应香料混合物喷雾干燥。
在比较组合物3’中,将Swanson牛肉反应香料混合物托盘干燥。
实施例4:鸡肉制备物的比较
将根据本发明的方法制备的组合物1的味道与通过常规方法制备的鸡肉糊和喷雾干燥的鸡肉进行比较。
使用本发明的组合物制备样品1,分别使用鸡肉糊和喷雾干燥的鸡肉(二者均可商购自国际香料和香精公司,Union Beach,New Jersey)制备比较样品1’和1”。每种样品中的活性香料加载量为0.1%。
由经过培训的专家组评价样品1和两个比较样品。结果在以下表1中给出。
表1
这个分析表明,与含有鸡肉糊的产品和喷雾干燥的产品相比,含有本发明的组合物1的样品1是最美味并且最优选的产品。
随后比较样品1、鸡肉糊和喷雾干燥鸡肉的可比较的水平。这些结果在表2中给出。
表2
样品1再次优于含有糊或喷雾干燥形式的两种比较产品。
实施例5:与托盘干燥和喷雾干燥的产品的比较
将组合物2和3与托盘干燥和喷雾干燥的产品进行比较。
以0.3%的加载量使用组合物2将样品2制备为BBQ风味薯片。更具体地,将Pringles薯片(可商购自Kellogg’s,Battle Creek,Michigan;淡盐,没有任何香料加入)粗粉碎并且通过#7筛进行筛分,并且再次通过#16筛进行筛分。收集在#16筛中剩余的粉末,向其中加入组合物2(最终产品的0.3重量%)并且通过在袋中振荡剧烈而混合以获得样品2。
通过将组合物3与Swanson牛肉汤(可商购自Campbell Soup Company,Camden,NewJersey)混合而制备样品3。更具体地,将未加盐的Swanson牛肉肉汤与水以1∶1的比例混合以获得稀牛肉汤。将组合物3(最终产品的0.1重量%)加入至稀牛肉汤中并且充分混合以得到样品3。
按照与样品2相同的操作制备比较样品2’和2”,不同之处在于以0.3%的活性香料加载量分别使用比较组合物2’和2”。
由一组12名经过筛选和培训的评委品尝样品2和3和三种比较样品。
以1-10的分数对味道的属性进行评分。1的分数表示味道的属性几乎不能检测,6的分数表示适中的味道,并且10的分数表示强烈的味道。
样品2显示出得分为3.3的甜味和得分为3.7的鲜(umami)/咸(savory)味。作为比较,比较样品2’具有2.7的甜味和3的鲜/咸味。注意,甜味和鲜味二者对于BBQ香料来说都是需要的。结果显示,本发明的样品2具有与由托盘干燥的组合物制备的比较样品相比出人意料地好的味道。
此外,样品2具有得分为3.3的炭/焦味和得分为3.3的苦味。比较样品2”具有2.4的炭/焦味和2.4的苦味。对于BBQ香料来说,炭/焦味和一定程度的苦味也是理想的属性。结果表明,本发明的样品2具有与由喷雾干燥的组合物制备的比较样品相比出人意料地好的味道。
样品3具有得分为4.3的整体牛肉芳香,得分为4.1的整体牛肉香味。相比之下,比较样品3’具有3.8的整体牛肉芳香和3.6的整体牛肉香味。结果显示,本发明的样品3具有与由托盘干燥的组合物制备的比较样品相比出人意料地好的味道。
其他实施方案
本说明书中所公开的全部特征可以以任何组合方式进行组合。本说明书中所公开的各个特征可以被提供相同、等价、或类似目的的备选特征替换。因此,除非另外明确指出,所公开的各个特征仅是一系列等价或类似特征的一个实例。
实际上,为了制备反应香精组合物,本领域技术人员可以选择适合的起始材料并且选择干燥温度、真空、和时间以获得理想的可靠香精。
根据以上描述,技术人员可以容易地确定本发明的基本特征,并且在不背离其精神和范围的情况下,可以做出本发明的多种变化和修改以使其适应多种用途和情况。因此,其他实施方案也在权利要求的范围内。
Claims (30)
1.一种制备反应香料组合物的方法,所述方法包括:
提供含有40%至75%的反应香料和25%至60%的水的反应香料混合物,
将所述反应香料混合物在薄膜蒸发器中在75至180mmHg的真空下和在70至95℃的产物膜温度下干燥,以获得具有小于10%的水的熔融反应香料,以及
将所述熔融反应香料冷却以获得作为固体的所述反应香料组合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述反应香料组合物具有25℃以上的玻璃化转变温度。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,所述方法还包括下列步骤:
将所述反应香料混合物的pH调节为1.5至5;
在干燥之前,将在所述pH调节之后的所述反应香料混合物预加热至40至75℃的温度;和
将在所述预加热之后的所述反应香料混合物经由进料泵进料至薄膜蒸发器,其中将所述反应香料混合物在所述薄膜蒸发器中在75至180mmHg的真空下在70至95℃的产物膜温度下干燥0.5至3分钟,以获得具有小于8%的水的熔融反应香料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述反应香料混合物还含有0.5至25%的载体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述载体是糖、糖衍生物、改性淀粉、蛋白质、醇、纤维素、糊精、胶、糖多元醇、肽、酸、碳水化合物、水胶体、二氧化硅、或它们的组合。
6.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中将所述反应香料混合物的pH调节至2至2.5,将所述反应香料混合物的温度预加热至65至70℃,并且将所述反应香料混合物在所述薄膜蒸发器中在80至100mmHg的真空下在80至85℃的产物膜温度下干燥0.5至1.5分钟,以获得具有小于6%的水的熔融反应香料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述反应香料混合物还含有0.5%至25%的载体。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述载体是糖、糖衍生物、改性淀粉、蛋白质、醇、纤维素、糊精、胶、糖多元醇、肽、酸、碳水化合物、水胶体、二氧化硅、或它们的组合。
9.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述反应香料组合物具有35℃以上的玻璃化转变温度。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,所述方法还包括下列步骤:
将所述反应香料混合物的pH调节为1.5至5;
在干燥之前,将在所述pH调节之后的所述反应香料混合物预加热至40至75℃的温度;和
将在所述预加热之后的所述反应香料混合物经由进料泵进料至薄膜蒸发器,
其中将所述反应香料混合物在所述薄膜蒸发器中在75至180mmHg的真空下在70至95℃的产物膜温度下干燥0.5至3分钟,以获得具有小于8%的水的熔融反应香料。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述反应香料混合物还含有0.5%至25%的载体。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述载体是糖、糖衍生物、改性淀粉、蛋白质、醇、纤维素、糊精、胶、糖多元醇、肽、酸、碳水化合物、水胶体、二氧化硅、或它们的组合。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中将所述反应香料混合物的pH调节为2至2.5,将所述反应香料混合物的温度预加热至65至70℃,并且将所述反应香料混合物在所述薄膜蒸发器中在80至180mmHg的真空下在80至85℃的产物膜温度下干燥0.5至1.5分钟,以获得具有小于6%的水的熔融反应香料。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述反应香料混合物还含有0.5%至25%的载体。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述载体是糖、糖衍生物、改性淀粉、蛋白质、醇、纤维素、糊精、胶、糖多元醇、肽、酸、碳水化合物、水胶体、二氧化硅、或它们的组合。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,所述方法还包括下列步骤:
在冷却之前将液体、气体或它们的组合加入至所述熔融反应香料中;和
研磨所述固体反应香料组合物以获得作为粉末的反应香料组合物。
17.根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述方法还包括在干燥之前将所述反应香料混合物加热至40至75℃的温度的步骤。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中在干燥之前将所述反应香料混合物预加热至65至70℃的温度。
19.根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述方法还包括将所述反应香料混合物的pH调节为1.5至5的步骤。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中将所述反应香料混合物的pH调节至2至2.5。
21.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述反应香料混合物含有0.5%至25%的载体。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法,其中所述载体是糖、糖衍生物、改性淀粉、蛋白质、醇、纤维素、糊精、胶、糖多元醇、肽、酸、碳水化合物、水胶体、二氧化硅、或它们的组合。
23.根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述方法还包括研磨所述固体反应香料组合物以获得作为粉末的反应香料组合物的步骤。
24.根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述方法还包括在冷却之前将液体、气体或它们的组合加入至所述熔融反应香料中的步骤。
25.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中通过使氨基酸和还原糖反应来制备所述反应香料混合物,其中所述氨基酸和所述还原糖之间的比率在10∶1至1∶10之间。
26.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述反应香料混合物在25℃具有5至500cP的粘度。
27.一种通过根据权利要求1所述的方法制备的反应香料组合物。
28.一种含有根据权利要求27所述的反应香料组合物的消费产品。
29.根据权利要求28所述的消费产品,其中所述消费产品是烘焙产品、零食、谷物产品、酒精和非酒精饮料、香辛料混合物、即热食品、乳制品、肉产品、调味制剂、番茄酱、酱料、或干燥蔬菜。
30.根据权利要求28所述的消费产品,其中所述消费产品是汤、肉汁、面条、冷冻主菜、零食、调味制剂、肉卤、甜点、或即食套餐。
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PCT/US2015/028207 WO2015168238A1 (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2015-04-29 | Method for drying reaction flavor mixtures |
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EP (1) | EP3136876B1 (zh) |
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BR (1) | BR112016025160B1 (zh) |
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Cited By (2)
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CN111295100A (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-06-16 | 奇华顿股份有限公司 | 与有机香料化合物相关的改进 |
CN113662159A (zh) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-19 | 浙江顶味食品有限公司 | 一种复合调味料及其制备方法 |
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EP4015075A1 (de) * | 2015-02-19 | 2022-06-22 | Symrise AG | Normverpackungen mit festen kühlstoffen |
JP6396948B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-16 | 2018-09-26 | 株式会社明治 | ストレプトコッカス・サーモフィルス発酵促進剤 |
WO2019212896A1 (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2019-11-07 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | System and method for printing and drying flavors and fragrances |
CN109135922B (zh) * | 2018-07-25 | 2021-12-17 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种基于香味阈值的重组枫槭香精、其重构方法及在卷烟中的应用 |
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ES2717300T3 (es) | 2019-06-20 |
EP3136876A4 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
BR112016025160A2 (pt) | 2017-08-15 |
BR112016025160B1 (pt) | 2021-11-09 |
US20170027205A1 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
CN106455641B (zh) | 2019-11-26 |
EP3136876B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
WO2015168238A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
MX2016014244A (es) | 2017-02-06 |
EP3136876A1 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
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