CN106432973A - Pvc/ tpu/ bovc共混塑胶装饰膜生产方法 - Google Patents

Pvc/ tpu/ bovc共混塑胶装饰膜生产方法 Download PDF

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CN106432973A
CN106432973A CN201610888917.9A CN201610888917A CN106432973A CN 106432973 A CN106432973 A CN 106432973A CN 201610888917 A CN201610888917 A CN 201610888917A CN 106432973 A CN106432973 A CN 106432973A
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傅深渊
何敏
何文东
钱琦
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Mount Huangshan Dongin New Materials Ltd By Share Ltd
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Abstract

一种PVC/TPU/BOVC共混塑胶装饰膜生产方法，按三个步骤进行，一是将下列原料及其重量份进行混合：聚氯乙烯30‑70份、热可塑性聚氨酯塑料10‑20份、氯乙烯‑丙烯酸酯共聚树脂10‑30份、氮丙啶交联剂0.5‑3份、热稳定剂0.5‑3份、增塑剂0.5‑2份、滑石粉0.5‑1份，经逐一计量混合；二是密炼、开炼和挤出过滤；三是压延和冷却，最后进行后处理即切边、筒卷、检验和库存。本装饰膜用于家具、地板、橱柜、内墙集合吊顶等贴面装饰。用本方法制得的装饰膜耐划、耐磨、透光率高、抗拉力强。

Description

PVC/ TPU/ BOVC共混塑胶装饰膜生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种塑料装饰薄膜的生产方法，具体是聚氯乙烯、热可塑性聚氨酯和氯丙树脂共混的装饰膜生产方法。
背景技术
高分子材料尤其是表面贴面用PVC塑胶膜，在装饰行业因其易加工、环保等原因，近几年发展迅速。聚氯乙烯（PVC）耐腐、表面光洁、成本低、易加工、良好的力学强度等，被广泛应用于各种家具、地板、橱柜、内墙集合吊顶等室内贴面装饰行业。现有技术的PVC表面装饰膜是选择聚合度为800-1000的PVC粉状树脂，加入一定量DOP和环氧大豆油增塑剂、热稳定剂等助剂，在120-180℃条件下经混炼、挤塑过滤、压延等工序加工而成。由于PVC树脂本身的单元结构和非结晶性等特征，决定着薄膜表面存在耐臭氧、耐候、耐老化、特别是耐划痕、耐磨性都较差的问题。为了改善这些性能，业内作了比较多的改进：有表面覆膜改用聚氟乙烯塑料的，但此法价格高；也有采用双涂层技术，即在PVC薄膜表面再涂PU溶剂性涂料以增强耐磨性的，这会影响环境、增加工序；还有应用工程塑料ABS与有机玻璃PMMA塑料与PVC共混方法，来提高耐划痕、耐磨特性，但共混技术要求高，且效果欠佳，影响薄膜的透明性和装饰性。
氯丙树脂（BOVC）是以丙烯酸酯为主体，引入氯乙烯单体共聚而成的一种新型的PVC加工助剂。与PVC树脂有相近的溶度参数，有极好的相容性和共混性能，加工熔点温度低、融触粘度低、内增塑效果好、减少增塑剂用量，同时结构中含有碳基，可增加薄膜透光率，可提高制品冲击强度、低温柔韧性、表面光泽度和耐光抗老化性能。
热可塑性聚氨酯塑料（TPU）是由含NCO官能基之MDI 与含OH 官能基聚酯多元醇POLYOL，经押出混炼而制成，具有良好的耐磨性能、耐拉伸性能和耐撕裂性能。与PVC树脂相溶性好，利用TPU结构中的NCO官能基可以与氯丙（BOVC）树脂的酯基、PVC树脂结构的氯产生交联，从而提高树脂体系的耐磨与耐划痕性能。
PVC/TPU/BOVC共混胶体系制作装饰材料膜，尚未见资料报道和实物面市。制成的装饰膜，因PVC的耐腐性、TPU的耐磨性、耐撕裂性和BOVC的透光、低熔点和低粘度，以及共混树脂间的相溶可交联性能等有机结合，使之与单一的PVC膜相比，明显提高了耐磨、耐划痕性和透光性、装饰性；提高了压出、压延性能，减少了增塑剂用量。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种PVC/TPU/BOVC共混胶装饰膜的生产方法。
解决上述问题采用如下技术方案：
本PVC/ TPU/ BOVC共混塑胶装饰膜生产方法按如下步骤进行：
（1）用下列原料及其重量份进行混合：聚氯乙烯30-70份、热可塑性聚氨酯塑料10-20份、氯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚树脂10-30份、氮丙啶0.5-3份、热稳定剂0.5-3份、增塑剂0.5-2份、滑石粉0.5-1份，将上述原料逐一经计量筒计量后进入混合机混合，在摩擦自产生热100-120℃中混合20min；
（2）密炼、开炼和挤出过滤：将上述混合料送入密炼机，在170-180℃温度下进行塑化密炼30min，通过二道二辊机开炼塑化，再进入单螺杆挤出机在150-160℃挤出过滤；
（3）压延、冷却：挤出过滤后的物料进入150-160℃温度的压延机，调整薄膜厚度进行压延，经过压延、冷却、再压延、冷却的反复即定型，再进行切边、筒卷、检验、入库即成。
步骤（1）所述的热稳定剂是钙锌稳定剂、甲基锡稳定剂、钡稳定剂中任一种。
步骤（1）所述的增塑剂是邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、对苯二甲酸二辛酯、环氧大豆油中任一种。
用本方法制备的装饰膜有益效果是：耐磨性的质量损失为0.015g/350r；耐划痕强度的简支梁添加砝码质量由纯PVC膜的150g提高到350g；透光率由65%提高到80%；具备良好的耐磨、耐划痕、透光率高的特性，同时加工工艺性好，增塑剂用量减少。
具体实施方式
本发明下面结合实施例作详述：
现将各组分及其重量份含量按八项实施例列于下表：
表中因受格子空间的局限，组分中的名称多用简称，其中热塑聚氨酯为热可塑性聚氨酯塑料的简称、氯-丙共聚树脂为氯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚树脂、邻苯辛酯为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的简称、邻苯丁酯为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的简称、对苯辛酯为对苯二甲酸二辛酯的简称、大豆油为环氧大豆油的简称。
实施例1（对照上表中实施例1对应的组分及其重量份配比值）：
将各组分按其重量份配比，分别用计量筒计量加入混合机后在100℃中混合20分钟，再在密炼机170℃温度中密炼塑化30分钟； 在150℃二道二辊机中塑化开炼，在150℃温度中的单螺杆挤出机挤出过滤，调整压延机的薄膜压延厚度，在150℃温度中压延，在压延、冷却、再压延、冷却后定型，进入后处理即成。
实施例2-8均按上表实施例各自对应的组分及其重量份配比值与实施例1相同方法制得本装饰膜。混合的温度在100-120℃范围内均可进行，密炼温度可在170-180℃范围中选择进行，挤出温度在150-160℃范围中选择进行，压延温度在150-160℃范围中选择进行。
上述八项实施例中，以实施例1-3优选。采用本方法制得的装饰膜，以实施例1-3为例，测得的质量指标的平均参数为：磨损性（每350转质量损失）0.02g，耐划痕强度（简支梁添加砝码质量）350g，透光率80%，拉伸强度为45MPa，拉伸伸长率50%。
本发明所需各组分均能从市售或网购中获得。

Claims (3)

1.一种PVC/ TPU/ BOVC共混塑胶装饰膜生产方法，其特征是按如下步骤进行：
（1）用下列原料及其重量份进行混合：聚氯乙烯30-70份、热可塑性聚氨酯塑料10-20份、氯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚树脂10-30份、氮丙啶交联剂0.5-3份、热稳定剂0.5-3份、增塑剂0.5-2份、滑石粉0.5-1份，将上述原料逐一经计量筒计量后进入混合机混合，在摩擦自产生热100-120℃中混合20min；
（2）密炼、开炼和挤出过滤：将上述混合料送入密炼机，在170-180℃温度下进行塑化密炼30min，通过二道二辊机开炼塑化，再进入单螺杆挤出机在150-160℃挤出过滤；
（3）压延、冷却：挤出过滤后的物料进入150-160℃温度的压延机，调整薄膜厚度进行压延，经过压延、冷却、再压延、冷却的反复即定型，再进行切边、筒卷、检验、入库即成。
2.如权利要求1所述的PVC/ TPU/ BOVC共混塑胶装饰膜生产方法，其特征是步骤（1）所述的热稳定剂是钙锌稳定剂、甲基锡稳定剂、钡稳定剂中任一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的PVC/ TPU/ BOVC共混塑胶装饰膜生产方法，其特征是步骤（1）所述的增塑剂是邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、对苯二甲酸二辛酯、环氧大豆油中任一种。
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CN107880438A (zh) * 2017-11-20 2018-04-06 黄风山 Pvc、ps共混改性配方
CN108084594A (zh) * 2017-11-20 2018-05-29 黄风山 Pvc、pmma共混改性配方
CN109454906A (zh) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-12 无锡帝源通新材料科技有限公司 一种环保pvc改性室外运动地板及其制备工艺
CN113736190A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-12-03 江苏图研新材料科技有限公司 一种铸造级pvc改色薄膜及其制备方法
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CN106380744A (zh) * 2016-10-12 2017-02-08 黄山东仁新材料股份有限公司 耐磨耐划痕抗静电塑胶装饰膜生产方法
CN107880438A (zh) * 2017-11-20 2018-04-06 黄风山 Pvc、ps共混改性配方
CN108084594A (zh) * 2017-11-20 2018-05-29 黄风山 Pvc、pmma共混改性配方
CN109454906A (zh) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-12 无锡帝源通新材料科技有限公司 一种环保pvc改性室外运动地板及其制备工艺
CN113736190A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-12-03 江苏图研新材料科技有限公司 一种铸造级pvc改色薄膜及其制备方法
CN113912553A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-01-11 山东慧科助剂股份有限公司 戊醛双脲嘧啶及其制备方法和应用
CN115536950A (zh) * 2022-10-13 2022-12-30 珠海市利保能新材料有限公司 一种基于pp及pvc共混的家居装饰膜及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20170222