CN106431370A - 以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Al].[Cr] QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001586 aluminite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料及其制备方法。其技术方案是:将铝铬渣置于马弗炉中,在700~750℃条件下煅烧3~5小时,得到煅烧后的铝铬渣;按煅烧后的铝铬渣︰硅微粉︰铝粉的质量比为100︰(16.0~16.5)︰(2.0~4.5)配料,混合15~20分钟,得到混合料;将所述混合料置入电磁感应炉中,升温至1800~1840℃,保温2~3小时;再分离出上层浮渣层,随炉冷却至室温,破碎,即得以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料。所述铝铬渣的主要化学成分是:Al2O3含量为80~85wt%,Cr2O3含量为10~15wt%,Fe2O3含量≤1wt%。本发明工艺简单、生产成本低和对设备无特殊要求;制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的耐火度高、烧结性能优良和莫来石转化率高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于合成莫来石技术领域。具体涉及一种以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料及其制备方法。
背景技术
铝铬渣是冶炼铬铁合金所产生的炉渣,以铬铁矿为主要原料,采用金属Al粉为还原剂,通过铝热还原反应制备铬铁合金是目前广泛使用且成熟的工业技术手段。相较铬铁合金而言,炉渣比重小,浮于合金层之上形成渣层,且二者易于分离。但多数企业将废弃的炉渣简单破碎分级处理后应用于耐火材料的开发,这不仅造成了资源的浪费,而且含铬耐火材料也存在严重的环境污染。
铝铬渣的主要化学成分为Al2O3和Cr2O3,均为耐火材料、陶瓷材料等领域广泛使用的原料。但Al2O3可与Cr2O3无限固溶,形成铝铬固溶体,如何将铝铬渣中的Al2O3和Cr2O3有效提取、分离,已成为铝铬渣固体废弃物资源回收利用的关键问题,同时,这对降低铝铬渣的环境污染,提升铝铬渣的工业应用价值等均有重要的意义。
莫来石是Al2O3和SiO2常压下唯一稳定存在的化合物,具有熔点高、耐磨损、机械强度大、抗化学侵蚀优良等优点,但天然的莫来石矿物几乎不存在,只能通过含Al2O3的矿物原料人工合成,而铝铬渣中的主要成分为Al2O3,这为铝铬渣合成莫来石,实现Al2O3和Cr2O3的分离提供了基础条件。
目前,合成莫来石原料常采用烧结法和电熔法。采用烧结法合成莫来石,其晶粒尺寸较小,孔隙等缺陷较多,且合成莫来石的过程中伴随7~8%的体积膨胀,这不利于莫来石的烧结致密化;而采用电熔法制备莫来石,虽然莫来石晶粒生长发育完全,但其能耗较大,这无疑增加了莫来石原料的制备成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种工艺简单、生产成本低和对设备无特殊要求的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的制备方法。用该方法所制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的耐火度高、烧结性能优良和莫来石转化率高。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案的具体步骤是:
步骤一、将铝铬渣置于马弗炉中,在700~750℃条件下煅烧3~5小时,得到煅烧后的铝铬渣。
步骤二、按煅烧后的铝铬渣︰硅微粉︰铝粉的质量比为100︰(16.0~16.5)︰(2.0~4.5)配料,混合15~20分钟,得到混合料。
步骤三、将所述混合料置入电磁感应炉中,升温至1800~1840℃,保温2~3小时;再分离出上层浮渣层,随炉冷却至室温,破碎,即得以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料。
所述铝铬渣为冶炼铬铁合金所产生的炉渣;所述铝铬渣的主要化学成分是:Al2O3含量为80~85wt%,Cr2O3含量为10~15wt%,Fe2O3含量≤1wt%。
所述硅微粉的粒径为60~80μm,硅微粉的SiO2含量≥96wt%。
所述铝粉的粒径为80~100μm,铝粉的Al含量≥98wt%。
由于采用上述技术方案,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下积极效果:
1、本发明以铬铁渣为主要原料,经热处理后引入硅源进而制备莫来石,不仅无特殊设备要求且制备工艺简单,还大幅降低了以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的生产成本,适于工业生产推广。
2、本发明利用铬铁渣组分的弱磁性,提升各组分间的传质能力,促进莫来石微晶的长大,进而提升了以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的烧结性能和莫来石转化率。
本发明制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料经测定:耐火度≥1790℃;体积密度为3.18~3.23g/cm3;莫来石转化率为75~80%。故所制制品耐火度高、烧结性能优良和莫来石转率高。
因此,本发明具有工艺简单、生产成本低和对设备无特殊要求的特点,用该方法所制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的耐火度高、烧结性能优良和莫来石转化率高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述,并非对其保护范围的限制:
本具体实施方式中:
所述铝铬渣为冶炼铬铁合金所产生的炉渣;所述铝铬渣的主要化学成分是:Al2O3含量为80~85wt%,Cr2O3含量为10~15wt%,Fe2O3含量≤1wt%。
所述硅微粉的粒径为60~80μm,硅微粉的SiO2含量≥96wt%。
所述铝粉的粒径为80~100μm,铝粉的Al含量≥98wt%。
实施例1
一种以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是:
步骤一、将铝铬渣置于马弗炉中,在700~730℃条件下煅烧3~5小时,得到煅烧后的铝铬渣。
步骤二、按煅烧后的铝铬渣︰硅微粉︰铝粉的质量比为100︰(16.0~16.2)︰(2.0~3.0)配料,混合15~20分钟,得到混合料。
步骤三、将所述混合料置入电磁感应炉中,升温至1800~1830℃,保温2~3小时;再分离出上层浮渣层,随炉冷却至室温,破碎,即得以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料。
本实施例制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料经测定:耐火度≥1790℃;体积密度为3.18~3.20g/cm3,莫来石转化率为75~77%。
实施例2
一种以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是:
步骤一、将铝铬渣置于马弗炉中,在700~730℃条件下煅烧3~5小时,得到煅烧后的铝铬渣。
步骤二、按煅烧后的铝铬渣︰硅微粉︰铝粉的质量比为100︰(16.1~16.3)︰(2.5~3.5)配料,混合15~20分钟,得到混合料。
步骤三、将所述混合料置入电磁感应炉中,升温至1800~1830℃,保温2~3小时;再分离出上层浮渣层,随炉冷却至室温,破碎,即得以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料。
本实施例制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料经测定:耐火度≥1790℃;体积密度为3.19~3.21g/cm3,莫来石转化率为76~78%。
实施例3
一种以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是:
步骤一、将铝铬渣置于马弗炉中,在720~750℃条件下煅烧3~5小时,得到煅烧后的铝铬渣。
步骤二、按煅烧后的铝铬渣︰硅微粉︰铝粉的质量比为100︰(16.2~16.4)︰(3.0~4.0)配料,混合15~20分钟,得到混合料。
步骤三、将所述混合料置入电磁感应炉中,升温至1810~1840℃,保温2~3小时;再分离出上层浮渣层,随炉冷却至室温,破碎,即得以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料。
本实施例制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料经测定:耐火度≥1790℃;体积密度为3.20~3.22g/cm3,莫来石转化率为77~79%。
实施例4
一种以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是:
步骤一、将铝铬渣置于马弗炉中,在720~750℃条件下煅烧3~5小时,得到煅烧后的铝铬渣。
步骤二、按煅烧后的铝铬渣︰硅微粉︰铝粉的质量比为100︰(16.3~16.5)︰(3.5~4.5)配料,混合15~20分钟,得到混合料。
步骤三、将所述混合料置入电磁感应炉中,升温至1810~1840℃,保温2~3小时;再分离出上层浮渣层,随炉冷却至室温,破碎,即得以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料。
本实施例制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料经测定:耐火度≥1790℃;体积密度为3.21~3.23g/cm3,莫来石转化率为78~80%。
本具体实施方式与现有技术相比具有如下积极效果:
1、本具体实施方式以铬铁渣为主要原料,经热处理后引入硅源进而制备莫来石,不仅无特殊设备要求且制备工艺简单,还大幅降低了以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的生产成本,适于工业生产推广。
2、本具体实施方式利用铬铁渣组分的弱磁性,提升各组分间的传质能力,促进莫来石微晶的长大,进而提升了以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的烧结性能和莫来石转化率。
本具体实施方式制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料经测定:耐火度≥1790℃;体积密度为3.18~3.23g/cm3;莫来石转化率为75~80%。故所制制品耐火度高、烧结性能优良和莫来石转率高。
因此,本具体实施方式具有工艺简单、生产成本低和对设备无特殊要求的特点,用该方法所制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的耐火度高、烧结性能优良和莫来石转化率高。
Claims (5)
1.一种以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的制备方法,其特征在于所述制备方法的步骤是:
步骤一、将铝铬渣置于马弗炉中,在700~750℃条件下煅烧3~5小时,得到煅烧后的铝铬渣;
步骤二、按煅烧后的铝铬渣︰硅微粉︰铝粉的质量比为100︰(16.0~16.5)︰(2.0~4.5)配料,混合15~20分钟,得到混合料;
步骤三、将所述混合料置入电磁感应炉中,升温至1800~1840℃,保温2~3小时;再分离出上层浮渣层,随炉冷却至室温,破碎,即得以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的制备方法,其特征在于所述铝铬渣为冶炼铬铁合金所产生的炉渣;所述铝铬渣的主要化学成分是:Al2O3含量为80~85wt%,Cr2O3含量为10~15wt%,Fe2O3含量≤1wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的制备方法,其特征在于所述硅微粉的粒径为60~80μm,硅微粉的SiO2含量≥96wt%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的制备方法,其特征在于所述铝粉的粒径为80~100μm,铝粉的Al含量≥98wt%。
5.一种以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料,其特征在于所述以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料是根据权利要求1~4项中任一项所述的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料的制备方法所制备的以铝铬渣为主料的合成莫来石原料。
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