CN106430314A - 一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法 - Google Patents

一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106430314A
CN106430314A CN201610835813.1A CN201610835813A CN106430314A CN 106430314 A CN106430314 A CN 106430314A CN 201610835813 A CN201610835813 A CN 201610835813A CN 106430314 A CN106430314 A CN 106430314A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
lini
hollow sphere
anode material
lioh
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610835813.1A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
汪浩
邓思旭
严辉
王波
刘晶冰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing University of Technology
Original Assignee
Beijing University of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing University of Technology filed Critical Beijing University of Technology
Priority to CN201610835813.1A priority Critical patent/CN106430314A/zh
Publication of CN106430314A publication Critical patent/CN106430314A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G45/00Compounds of manganese
    • C01G45/006Compounds containing, besides manganese, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/04Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/40Electric properties
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法,属于锂离子电池正极材料技术领域。步骤如下:将球形MnO2、LiOH·H2O、Ni(NO3)2·6H2O、Li2CO3原料按摩尔比3:2.5:1:5混合,加入无水乙醇搅拌,直至乙醇完全蒸发;将上述混合物手工研磨1小时;然后在600‑800℃下煅烧8‑24小时,其中升温速度为1‑10℃/min,降温速度为0.5‑20℃/min;将反应产物研磨得到纯净的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。本发明工艺简单,可重复性高。该材料具有良好的电化学性能,适合用作锂离子电池负极材料。

Description

一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料及制备方法,属于LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料技术领域。
背景技术
随着全球能源危机问题日益严峻,人们对于新能源汽车,特别是电动汽车的需求逐渐增大。锂离子电池的发展越来越得到人们的关注。在锂离子电池中,正极材料的性质对电池整体性能起到了至关重要的作用。LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4作为一种高电压正极材料,其充放电平台>4.7V,理论比容量为147mAh/g,且原料价格便宜、易于制备。因此,LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4已经成为锂离子电池正极材料的研究重点。
目前,LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4的制备方法有高温固相法、冷冻干燥法、溶胶-凝胶法,溶剂热法、氢氧化物共沉淀等。高温固相法工艺简单,但原料混合不易均匀,反应速度慢,需要较高的温度和时间,能耗大。与高温固相法相比,采用溶胶-凝胶法化学计量比容易控制,有利于晶体的形成与生长。但反应过程复杂,制备条件要求较高,这会造成成本的增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对上述技术的不足,提出了一种制备中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4锂离子电池正极材料的方法。该材料由熔盐法制备而成。在熔盐环境中,反应温度较低,限制了LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4颗粒的生长,同时利于中空结构的形成。此外,熔盐法工艺简单,成本低廉,适合于大规模生产应用。该材料由纳米级的颗粒组成,具有较大的比表面积和优异的电化学性能。
本发明所提供的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将球形MnO2、LiOH·H2O、Ni(NO3)2·6H2O、Li2CO3原料按摩尔比3:2.5:1:5混合,加入无水乙醇搅拌至混合物均匀,并继续搅拌直至乙醇完全蒸发;
2)将上述混合物手工研磨1小时,得到MnO2-LiOH·H2O-Ni(NO3)2·6H2O-Li2CO3混合物;
3)将步骤(2)得到的MnO2-LiOH·H2O-Ni(NO3)2·6H2O-Li2CO3混合物升温至600-800℃并在600-800℃下煅烧8-24小时,然后将至室温,其中升温速度为1-10℃/min,降温速度为0.5-20℃/min;
4)将反应产物研磨得到纯净的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。
本发明的有益之处在于:可以得到一种均匀的具有中空球形结构的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。本发明工艺简单,原料成本低,对环境无污染,可重复性高,适合于工业化生产。采用LiOH·H2O/Li2CO3混合熔盐,降低了反应温度,熔盐环境利于形核,同时抑制晶粒生长,所得产品的粒径范围为1-2μm。该材料由纳米级的颗粒组成,具有较大的比表面积和优异的电化学性能。
同时,通过控制在烧结过程中的升温与降温速率,可获得具有中空球形的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。该中空球形结构的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料具有优异的电化学性能,是一种有潜力的锂离子电池正极材料。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例3所制备的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料的X射线衍射(XRD)图谱;
图2为本发明实施例3所制备的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料的透射电镜(TEM)照片;
图3为本发明实施例3所制备的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料的恒流充放电曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式,进一步阐明本发明的实质性特点和显著优点,本发明决非仅局限于所陈述的实施例。
以下实施例中,均采用德国Bruker公司Advance D-8X射线粉末衍射仪(Cu Kα辐射,)测定所制备粉体的结构;采用JEM 2100高分辨透射电子显微镜测定所制备粉体的微观形貌。电池性能测试采用ARBIN公司的BT2000型号的电池测试系统。所用组装电池为扣式模型电池(CR2032型钮扣电池)是由正极壳、正极片、电解液、隔膜、负极片、集电器、支撑片、负极壳几部分组成。其中以LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4作为正极,以金属锂片作为负极,1MLiPF6的有机物溶液(DMC:EC=1:1)作为电解液,微孔聚丙烯膜(Celgard-K2045)作为隔膜。
实施例1:
1)将球形MnO2、LiOH·H2O、Ni(NO3)2·6H2O、Li2CO3原料按摩尔比3:2.5:1:5混合,加入无水乙醇搅拌混合均匀,并继续搅拌直至乙醇完全蒸发;
2)将上述混合物手工研磨1小时;
3)将上述MnO2-LiOH·H2O-Ni(NO3)2·6H2O-Li2CO3混合物在600℃下煅烧12小时,其中升温速度为5℃/min,降温速度为10℃/min;
4)将反应产物研磨得到纯净的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。
实施例2:
1)将球形MnO2、LiOH·H2O、Ni(NO3)2·6H2O、Li2CO3原料按摩尔比3:2.5:1:5混合,加入无水乙醇搅拌混合均匀,并继续搅拌直至乙醇完全蒸发;
2)将上述混合物手工研磨1小时;
3)将上述MnO2-LiOH·H2O-Ni(NO3)2·6H2O-Li2CO3混合物在750℃下煅烧24小时,其中升温速度为5℃/min,降温速度为10℃/min;
4)将反应产物研磨得到纯净的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。
实施例3:
1)将球形MnO2、LiOH·H2O、Ni(NO3)2·6H2O、Li2CO3原料按摩尔比3:2.5:1:5混合,加入无水乙醇搅拌混合均匀,并继续搅拌直至乙醇完全蒸发;
2)将上述混合物手工研磨1小时;
3)将上述MnO2-LiOH·H2O-Ni(NO3)2·6H2O-Li2CO3混合物在750℃下煅烧12小时,其中升温速度为5℃/min,降温速度为1℃/min;
4)将反应产物研磨得到纯净的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。
实施例4:
1)将球形MnO2、LiOH·H2O、Ni(NO3)2·6H2O、Li2CO3原料按摩尔比3:2.5:1:5混合,加入无水乙醇搅拌混合均匀,并继续搅拌直至乙醇完全蒸发;
2)将上述混合物手工研磨1小时;
3)将上述MnO2-LiOH·H2O-Ni(NO3)2·6H2O-Li2CO3混合物在750℃下煅烧12小时,其中升温速度为10℃/min,降温速度为2℃/min;
4)将反应产物研磨得到纯净的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。
由图1的X射线衍射图谱可以看到,中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料所有的衍射峰都可以和尖晶石结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4的标准卡片完全对应。
由图2的TEM图可观察到,尖晶石结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4为中空球形,颗粒尺寸为1-2μm之间。
由图3的恒流充放电图可观察到,中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料表现出了良好的电化学性能。
实施例1、实施例2、实施例4同样能得到图1-3的效果。

Claims (3)

1.一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将球形MnO2、LiOH·H2O、Ni(NO3)2·6H2O、Li2CO3原料按摩尔比3:2.5:1:5混合,加入无水乙醇搅拌至混合物均匀,并继续搅拌直至乙醇完全蒸发;
2)将上述混合物手工研磨1小时,得到MnO2-LiOH·H2O-Ni(NO3)2·6H2O-Li2CO3混合物;
3)将步骤(2)得到的MnO2-LiOH·H2O-Ni(NO3)2·6H2O-Li2CO3混合物升温至600-800℃并在600-800℃下煅烧8-24小时,然后将至室温;
4)将反应产物研磨得到纯净的中空球形结构LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。
2.按照权利要求1所述的一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法,其特征在于,其中步骤3)升温速度为1-10℃/min,降温速度为0.5-20℃/min。
3.按照权利要求1-2的任一方法制备得到的中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料。
CN201610835813.1A 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法 Pending CN106430314A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610835813.1A CN106430314A (zh) 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610835813.1A CN106430314A (zh) 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106430314A true CN106430314A (zh) 2017-02-22

Family

ID=58165675

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201610835813.1A Pending CN106430314A (zh) 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 一种中空球形LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高电压正极材料的熔盐制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106430314A (zh)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102774891A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-11-14 福州大学 一种提高尖晶石LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4电化学性能的方法
CN103332754A (zh) * 2013-07-05 2013-10-02 北京浩运金能科技有限公司 一种高电压锂离子电池正极材料及其制备方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102774891A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-11-14 福州大学 一种提高尖晶石LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4电化学性能的方法
CN103332754A (zh) * 2013-07-05 2013-10-02 北京浩运金能科技有限公司 一种高电压锂离子电池正极材料及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHUNYU ZHU ET AL.: "Designed synthesis of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 hollow microspheres with superior electrochemical properties as high-voltage cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries", 《RSC ADVANCES》 *
HAIFENG LUO ET AL.: "Synthesis of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Hollow Microspheres and Their Lithium-Storage Properties", 《CHEM ELECTRO CHEM》 *
SIXU DENG ET AL.: "Preparation and electrochemical properties of double-shell LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 hollow microspheres as cathode materials for Li-ion batteries", 《RSC ADVANCES》 *
罗海峰: "锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4改性制备及其电化学性质", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》 *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106450155B (zh) 球形或类球形锂离子电池正极材料及制法和应用
CN103066261B (zh) 高容量高镍多元金属氧化物正极材料的合成方法
CN102694166B (zh) 一种锂镍钴铝复合金属氧化物的制备方法
CN103794773B (zh) 一种生产高容量523型三元正极材料的方法
CN103441252A (zh) 纳米氧化物包覆锂离子电池富锂锰基正极材料的制备方法
CN103337604B (zh) 空心球形NiMn2O4锂离子电池负极材料及制备方法
CN109873140B (zh) 一种锂离子电池石墨烯复合三元正极材料及其制备方法
CN102983326A (zh) 一种球形锂镍钴复合氧化物正极材料的制备方法
CN102683668B (zh) 尖晶石镍锰基氧化物正极材料及其制备方法
CN103280570B (zh) 一种微米级单晶镍锰酸锂正极材料的制备方法
CN113603154A (zh) 一种高电压镍钴锰三元前驱体及其制备方法
CN106910887A (zh) 一种富锂锰基正极材料、其制备方法及包含该正极材料的锂离子电池
CN104319393A (zh) 一种尖晶石型锰酸锂正极材料的掺杂改性方法
CN110233261B (zh) 一种单晶三元锂电池正极材料的制备方法及锂离子电池
CN105655573A (zh) 一种长径比可调的一维微纳结构锰基锂离子电池电极材料的通用制备方法
CN105280898A (zh) 钒掺杂锂镍钴锰氧化物纳米材料及其制备方法和应用
CN102931394B (zh) 锂镍锰氧材料及其制备方法、含该材料的锂离子电池
KR20160075404A (ko) 리튬 이차 전지용 양극활물질의 제조 방법 및 이에 의하여 제조된 리튬 이차 전지용 양극활물질
CN101986445A (zh) 一种锂电池负极材料钛酸锂的生产方法
CN108933247A (zh) 一种简易制备azo包覆523单晶镍钴锰三元正极材料的方法及产品
CN113845152A (zh) 镍锰酸锂正极材料、其制备方法和锂离子电池
CN107293742A (zh) 一种层状单斜相–尖晶石相集成结构的锂电正极材料的制备方法
CN102838102A (zh) 一种磷酸铁锂单晶纳米棒的制备方法
CN104409723A (zh) 一种三元正极材料的电化学制备方法
CN103441239A (zh) 一种纳米级三元正极材料的合成方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20170222

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication