CN106427530A - 用于混合动力车辆的传动系的驱动模块 - Google Patents

用于混合动力车辆的传动系的驱动模块 Download PDF

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CN106427530A
CN106427530A CN201610657823.0A CN201610657823A CN106427530A CN 106427530 A CN106427530 A CN 106427530A CN 201610657823 A CN201610657823 A CN 201610657823A CN 106427530 A CN106427530 A CN 106427530A
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drive module
clutch
propeller boss
assembly
support component
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G·施密特
S·卢德斯特克
F·莫德尔
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/58—Details
    • F16D13/75—Features relating to adjustment, e.g. slack adjusters
    • F16D13/757—Features relating to adjustment, e.g. slack adjusters the adjusting device being located on or inside the clutch cover, e.g. acting on the diaphragm or on the pressure plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
    • F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
    • F16D25/087—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation the clutch being actuated by the fluid-actuated member via a diaphragm spring or an equivalent array of levers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/12—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
    • F16D25/126—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types adjustment for wear or play
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/424—Friction clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/22—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members
    • F16D13/38—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/58—Details
    • F16D13/75—Features relating to adjustment, e.g. slack adjusters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/12—Mounting or assembling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/912—Drive line clutch
    • Y10S903/914—Actuated, e.g. engaged or disengaged by electrical, hydraulic or mechanical means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的传动系(10)的驱动模块(14)，其包括：壳体(20)；摩擦离合器(18)，其具有盖盘(66)、可借助操纵组件(60)沿轴向移动的压盘(62)和定位在压盘与盖盘之间的离合器盘组件(74)；轴毂(84)，轴毂与离合器盘组件(74)固定地连接；电机(16)，电机具有包括转子支架(24)的转子(22)以及固定在定子支架(34)处的定子(32)。离合器盘组件(74)相对于压盘(62)和盖盘(66)的轴向的布置或定向通过调节组件(92)确定，调节组件(92)就功能而言布置在轴毂(84)和支撑元件(90)之间，支撑元件沿轴向相对于驱动模块(14)的壳体(20)固定。此外，公开了一种用于装配这种驱动模块(14)的方法。

Description

用于混合动力车辆的传动系的驱动模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分的用于混合动力车辆的传动系的模块以及一种用于装配这种混合动力模块的方法。
背景技术
在文献EP 2 148 107 A1中示出了一种用于混合动力车辆的驱动单元。在此，离合器盘组件具有沿轴向弹性的区域，该区域实现了在所属的摩擦离合器闭合的情况下摩擦衬片相对于轴毂的轴向运动。在此，尤其实现了在内燃机关断的情况下摩擦衬片从盖盘和压盘上抬起。在此，在摩擦离合器打开的情况下，离合器盘组件需要相对于压盘和盖盘正确地轴向定向，以在离合器打开的情况下实现在压盘与盖盘之间相对于摩擦衬片的正确的空气间隙。在此，驱动单元的轴毂固定地、尤其沿轴向固定地与所属内燃机的曲轴连接。通过布置在离合器盘组件与轴毂之间的调节盘实现调校。在此，在驱动单元完全装配在车辆中并且尤其是完全装配在内燃机上之后才可实现离合器盘组件的定向。
发明内容
因此，目的是提供一种驱动模块，在该驱动模块中，在驱动模块的预装配期间就已经可以执行离合器组件在摩擦离合器内的定向或轴向布置。
该目的通过根据权利要求1所述的驱动模块来实现。在从属权利要求中说明本发明的有利的实施方案。
在此，用于混合动力车辆的传动系的驱动模块具有壳体，该壳体在驱动模块安装在车辆中的状态下与内燃机、尤其是与内燃机的壳体固定地连接。在此，驱动模块具有摩擦离合器。在此，摩擦离合器包括操纵组件、可沿轴向运动的压盘(该压盘可经由操纵组件来操纵)、沿轴向相对于驱动模块的壳体固定不动的盖盘以及离合器盘组件。离合器盘组件、尤其是其摩擦衬片沿轴向布置在盖盘与压盘之间。在此，在摩擦离合器打开的状态下，在离合器盘组件的摩擦衬片与盖盘之间应存在轴向的空气间隙以及在离合器盘组件的摩擦衬片与压盘之间应存在轴向的空气间隙。在此，空气间隙优选地大约相当于压盘的分离位移的一半。在此，离合器盘具有沿轴向弹性的区域，该区域在摩擦离合器闭合的情况下实现了摩擦衬片的轴向移动。相应地，摩擦衬片沿轴向方向朝向盖盘移动。
此外，驱动模块还具有轴毂，该轴毂与离合器盘组件固定地连接。在此，摩擦衬片在摩擦离合器闭合的情况下经由沿轴向弹性的区域也沿轴向方向相对于轴毂移动。有利地，轴毂沿轴向浮动地相对于内燃机的曲轴受到支承，由此在装配内燃机和驱动模块时不会出现轴向夹紧。在此，驱动模块的轴毂例如可经由插入式齿部与内燃机的曲轴连接。同样，驱动模块的轴毂也可与双质量飞轮或与用于传动系的另一构件建立连接。
此外，驱动模块还包括电机，该电机具有转子和定子。在此，定子布置在定子支架处，该定子支架优选地与驱动模块的壳体固定地连接。相应地，转子布置转子支架处。在此，转子支架经由轴承组件、例如滚动轴承或滚珠轴承与壳体和定子有效连接，由此转子可相对于定子自由转动。
此外，轴毂有利地经由另一轴承组件，例如滚动轴承、滑动轴承或滚针轴承布置成相对于壳体、定子和转子自由转动。在此，轴承组件例如可布置在轴毂(一侧)与支撑组件、壳体、定子支架和/或转子支架(另一侧)之间。
在此，离合器盘组件相对于压盘和盖盘的轴向的布置或定向通过调节组件来确定，其中，调节组件就功能而言布置在轴毂和支撑元件之间，该支撑元件沿轴向与驱动模块的壳体固定地连接。
借助调节组件，在预装配的驱动模块处就已经可以调节离合器盘组件、尤其是离合器盘组件的摩擦衬片的定向。然后，模块无需附加的工序就可安装在车辆上并且相应地立即准备就绪。在此，支撑元件优选地沿轴向相对于壳体固定并且布置成相对于该壳体基本上不可移动，其中，支撑元件必要时也可与该壳体固定地连接。相应地，壳体和盖盘以及壳体和离合器盘沿轴向相对于彼此固定，尤其布置成沿轴向不可相对于彼此移动，并且离合器盘组件沿轴向相对于摩擦离合器定向。
特别有利地，相对于壳体沿轴向固定的并且必要时固定连接的支撑元件由驱动模块的壳体本身、由定子支架或由转子支架构造而成。
此外，定子支架和转子支架优选地基本上沿轴向固定地或者沿轴向不可移动地与壳体连接。
在另一实施方案变型中，调节组件直接地或间接地、即带有其他置于中间的元件或者不带有其他置于中间的元件地与轴毂和/或支撑元件连接。
已证实有利的是，将调节组件布置在转子支架的轴向端部区域处。
由此，可省去对转子支架的额外的处理步骤。在此，转子支架在轴向的横截面中有利地构造成U形。
提出了调节组件包括第一紧固元件、调节元件和第二紧固元件。
优选构造成紧固环的第一紧固元件有利地布置在轴毂处并且在此有利地接合到在轴毂处环绕的槽中。优选构造成止推片的第二紧固元件在此有利地布置在支撑元件处、优选地转子支架处。优选作为调节盘的调节元件在此优选地沿轴向布置在第一紧固元件与第二紧固元件之间。在此，轴毂可经由调节组件沿轴向相对于转子支架受到支撑。有利地，调节组件构造为，调节组件支撑住沿离合器盘、尤其是压盘的闭合方向对轴毂的轴向力。由此，尤其支撑住或防止轴毂沿压盘的闭合方向的轴向运动。
在另外的实施方案变型中，调节组件也还可具有另外的构件。在此，第二紧固元件例如可构造成紧固环，紧固环接合到支撑元件的槽中。必要时，在驱动模块的该实施方式中需要用作止推片的另一元件。
有利地，第二紧固元件形成止推片，其中，该止推片必要时构造成塑料部件。
在此，第二紧固元件构造为止推片并且由塑料制成的构造方案是成本有利的。此外，在第二紧固元件处的磨损相对小，因为支撑元件与轴毂之间在负荷下的相对转动仅在摩擦离合器打开和闭合时出现。至少当支撑元件由转子支架构造而成时，是这样的情况。
有利的是，第二紧固元件具有用于相对于支撑元件、尤其是转子支架沿径向进行紧固的凸缘。
有利的是，离合器盘组件相对于盖盘和压盘的轴向的布置或定向通过调节元件的厚度来确定。
此外，如之前已提及的那样，提出，轴毂为了与另一驱动模块连接而具有插入式齿部。
由此，轴毂相对于另一轴沿轴向自由浮动地受到支承，使得不对轴毂施加任何轴向力。由此，调节组件的磨损显著减小并且驱动模块不承受外部施加的力负荷。
在另一实施方案变型中，轴毂经由轴承组件相对于支撑元件、尤其是转子支架受到支承。
由此，驱动模块结构稳固并且不同的旋转构件最佳地相对于彼此布置并相对于彼此固定。
此外，提出了用于装配根据权利要求1至10中任一项或者根据上述实施方案中至少一个实施方案的驱动模块的方法。
在此，首先将转子支架、摩擦离合器、离合器盘组件和轴毂装配成预装总成。在该预装总成中，摩擦离合器闭合并且离合器盘组件贴靠在盖盘处。在此，摩擦离合器例如由于摩擦离合器的弹簧元件、例如膜片弹簧而处于闭合状态。盖盘和压盘相应地贴靠在离合器盘组件的摩擦衬片处。在此，轴毂例如经由轴承组件在支撑元件、有利地在转子支架处相对于另外的部件对中。离合器盘组件的沿轴向弹性的元件在该状态下不受轴向力。
在该状态下，确定在支撑元件的第一特征测量点与轴毂的第二特征测量点之间的间距。第一特征测量点例如可相应于止推片的支承面，该止推片在该情况下布置在支撑元件处。第二特征测量点例如可相应于轴毂的用于第一紧固元件的槽。借助该间距可确定对于调节元件来说正确的厚度，使得正确地调节在相应的摩擦衬片与盖盘和压盘之间的空气间隙。在此，空气间隙优选地大约相当于压盘的分离位移的一半。
接下来装配例如具有调节元件和第一紧固元件以及第二紧固元件的调节组件，然后将其余构件安装在预装总成上。这些其余构件同样可已经装配在另一预装总成中。
附图说明
接下来根据附图示例性地示出根据本发明的驱动模块和用于装配这种驱动模块的方法。其中：
图1示出了一种示意性地示出的驱动模块；
图2示出了图1中的驱动模块的一种实施方案变型。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出了用于混合动力车辆的传动系10的轴向剖视图，该传动系包括内燃机12和驱动模块14、尤其是混合动力模块14，该混合动力模块包括电机16和实施成摩擦离合器的可切换的离合器18。必要时，在内燃机12与驱动模块之间可布置有扭转减振装置，例如双质量飞轮。
电机16在示出的实施例中实施成外转子结构形式的永磁激励的同步电机并且包括围绕旋转轴线A运转的罐形的转子22，该转子具有转子支架24，该转子支架在其径向外部区域的内周面处承载具有永磁体28的转子叠片组26并且该转子支架在径向内部区域中形成转子轴30或与该转子轴连接。电机16还包括具有定子支架34的定子32，在该定子支架的外周面处以已知的方式布置有具有未画出的定子绕组的定子叠片组36。定子支架34为了输出电机16的热量损失还可具有冷却组件、尤其是流体冷却组件，其优选地与内燃机12的冷却循环一同实施。
作为示出的外转子式电机的替代方案，电机16同样可构造成内转子式电机并且同样也可根据其他电气功能原理工作。
实施成空心轴的转子轴30沿轴向接合到管状的轴承支架38的中心凹处中并且在此处沿径向和沿轴向得到支承。
在图1中，轴承支架38与定子支架34实施成一体。为了容纳转子22，在轴承支架38处设有轴承组件40，该轴承组件尤其包括双列滚动轴承或两个沿轴向间隔的滚动轴承40a；40b，由此转子22在形成沿周向方向恒定的径向间隙42的情况下运行可靠地相对于定子32受到支承。替代地，轴承支架38也可实施成与定子支架34分开的并且可与该定子支架无关地至少间接地固定在内燃机12处。
电机16借助多个螺栓44固定在预设在内燃机12的壳体46中的螺纹孔48处，为此在定子支架34上构造有多个与此对应的并且分布在周缘上的贯通孔50。必要时，定子支架34也可通过形状配合连接和传力连接的方式、例如经由热压收缩布置在内燃机12的壳体46处。在此，驱动模块14同样具有壳体20，该壳体在该示意性的实施方案变型中由定子支架34构造而成。在此，壳体20也可由单独的元件构造而成，其中，相应地定子支架34固定地布置在驱动模块14的壳体20处。
在图1中可见，转子支架24包括轴向的承载区段24a和径向的承载区段24b，其中，径向的承载区段同时构成离合器18的一部分。为此，在该径向的承载区段处借助沿周向方向圆形地延伸的突刃52可摆动地支承有用作分离机构54的膜片弹簧54，该膜片弹簧利用其沿径向位于内部的膜片弹簧簧片56经由分离轴承58与结构已知的操纵装置60处于有效连接并且利用径向外部区域与压盘62的刀刃状的贴靠区域处于有效连接。优选实施成液压地或气动地工作的中心分离器的操纵装置60布置在沿径向在轴承支架38与定子支架34之间延伸的环形的容纳腔64中并且在操纵摩擦离合器18的情况下可支撑在轴承支架38处。摩擦离合器18还包括相对于压盘62沿轴向相邻的盖盘66，在此，该盖盘实施在具有离合器壳体68的结构单元中，该离合器壳体经由利用螺栓70或者替代地利用例如卡接接口的可松开的连接与转子支架24连接。在实现螺纹连接时，取代所示出的轴向旋合，该螺纹连接也可构造成倾斜旋合。
沿轴向在压盘62与盖盘66之间定位有具有两侧的摩擦衬片的摩擦衬片盘72，该摩擦衬片盘形成离合器盘组件74的组成部分。为此，摩擦衬片盘72优选地通过铆接与沿轴向弹性地设计的、由弹簧钢片制成的沿轴向弹性的区域76连接，通过该区域摩擦衬片盘72相对于带动盘80在离合器18闭合的情况下可略微沿轴向移动，并且该区域在内燃机12的曲轴78和转子轴30出现错位且由此引起力作用时可弹性变形。沿轴向弹性的区域76又同样优选地通过铆接与带动盘80连接，该带动盘在径向内部区域中例如经由固定件114、尤其是铆钉114与空心地实施的轴毂84的径向法兰82固定连接。在此，带动盘80和轴毂84也可构造成一体。如果取消区域76，则摩擦衬片盘72也可直接地与在边缘有弹性的带动盘80连接。
轴毂84在朝向曲轴78的端部处设有齿部86，该齿部接合到曲轴78的与此对应的齿部88中。在此，本发明的齿部为插入式齿部。在此，驱动模块14的轴毂84和内燃机12的曲轴78沿轴向相对于彼此浮动地支承。因此，离合器盘组件74包括摩擦衬片盘72、沿轴向弹性的区域76和带动盘80。同样，驱动模块14也可经由轴毂86与不同于内燃机的曲轴78的构件、例如双质量飞轮连接。
为了调节摩擦衬片盘72相对于压盘62和盖盘66的限定的轴向位置，在驱动模块14处在功能方面在轴毂84与驱动模块14的壳体20、尤其是支撑元件90之间布置有调节组件92。在此，调节组件92可直接地或者也可间接地布置在轴毂与支撑元件90之间。在此，支撑元件90相对于壳体20沿轴向固定地或沿轴向位置固定地来构造。此外，轴毂84在此相对于支撑元件90直接地受到支承，在另外的实施方案变型中可能的话也间接地受到支承。在此，支撑元件90由转子支架24、尤其是转子轴30构造而成，其中，轴毂84经由轴承组件85、在此为滚针轴承85沿径向方向相对于转子支架24受到支撑。在此，轴毂84在原则上直接地或间接地、如在此经由转子支架24那样沿径向方向相对于壳体20受到支撑。
轴毂84可经由调节组件92在一个方向上沿轴向相对于支撑元件90受到支撑。在此，轴承组件85可构造成相对于轴毂82和/或支撑元件90可沿轴向移动或者本身实现了轴向的移动。在此，轴毂82布置成相对于支撑元件90基本上沿轴向自由浮动。通过调节组件92，确定在摩擦离合器18打开的情况下在盖盘66与摩擦衬片盘72之间的最小间距或者抬起行程。在此，压盘62的抬起行程优选地相当于在盖盘66与摩擦衬片盘72之间的最小间距的两倍。相应地，在摩擦离合器18打开的情况下在压盘62与摩擦衬片盘72之间的间距基本上正好与在盖盘66与摩擦衬片盘72之间的最小间距一样大。
调节组件92包括第一紧固元件93、调节元件94和第二紧固元件95，它们基本上沿轴向相对于彼此布置。在此，第一紧固元件93由紧固环93构造而成，该紧固环布置在轴毂侧并且接合到在轴毂84处环绕的槽87中。在此，调节元件94构造成调节盘94，调节盘包围轴毂84。第二紧固元件95在支撑元件侧布置支撑元件90处，在此即转子支架24处。在此，第二紧固元件95构造成止推片95，其中，该止推片构造成塑料部件。在此，第二紧固元件95利用沿轴向延伸的凸缘(该凸缘布置在第二紧固元件的径向外部区域中)布置在支撑元件90处。
在转子支架24与轴毂84之间的相对转动仅在摩擦离合器18打开的情况下以及在摩擦离合器18打开和闭合期间通过调节组件92来平衡。然而，在此仅仅在摩擦离合器18的打开和闭合过程期间有轴向力作用于止推片95，由此止推片具有长久的使用寿命。
操纵装置60包括沿轴向固定在定子支架34或轴承支架38处的气缸壳体96和为此朝向离合器的方向沿轴向可移动的具有分离轴承58的活塞98，该活塞在移出时使膜片弹簧54围绕其支承区域52摆动，减轻压盘62的负荷并且朝向内燃机12的方向移动并且由此打开离合器18。因此，摩擦衬片盘72在离合器18闭合的情况下用作在曲轴78与转子22之间的耦联元件。
为了引导螺栓44穿过，在带动盘80、在转子支架24中并且在膜片弹簧54中设有贯通孔108；110；112。然而，在每一个元件80；24；54上的该贯通孔的数量相比需装配的螺栓44的数量更少，且因而相比在定子支架34或轴承支架38中的贯通孔50的数量更少。
由上述说明中清楚的是，装配有这种驱动单元的混合动力车辆根据要求可以是纯内燃机驱动、纯电动机驱动或者以两个动力总成12、16的混合运行方式驱动。为了起动内燃机12，转矩流也可以根据相应传动系的实际的实施方案沿相反的方向、即从电机16朝向内燃机12的方向传递。
在图2中示出了这种驱动模块14的一种实施方案变型。在此，关于图1的上述阐述基本上也可转用于图2的驱动模块。附图标记相应地引入图2中。在该视图中不可见到驱动模块14在内燃机的壳体处的固定。此外，壳体20以及定子支架34由两个不同的构件构造而成。
使用这种调节组件92的优点在于，因为在预装配驱动模块14期间已实现对离合器盘组件74、尤其是摩擦衬片盘72的相应的轴向定向，所以在装入传动系之前能够完全装配好驱动模块14。根据图2详细阐述该装配。
在装配驱动模块14时首先装配预装总成，该预装总成包括具有转子支架24的转子22、摩擦离合器18、离合器盘组件74和轴毂84。在该状态下，盖盘66和转子支架24彼此固定地旋合，其中，膜片弹簧54使压盘62和摩擦衬片盘72沿轴向压靠盖盘66。因此，摩擦离合器18闭合，其中，离合器盘组件74、尤其是摩擦衬片盘72以其摩擦衬片贴靠在盖盘66处。在此，轴毂84通过由滚针轴承85组成的轴承组件85沿径向相对于转子支架24定向，然而沿轴向可自由运动。在此，轴毂82经由带动盘80和沿轴向弹性的区域76(该区域在此由多个弹簧元件76、尤其是弹簧片76构造而成)与摩擦衬片盘72有效连接。在此，沿轴向弹性的区域76基本上不承受轴向力。
在该预装总成的状态下，确定在支撑元件90的第一特征测量点92a与轴毂的第二特征测量点92b之间的间距。在此，第一特征测量点92a由转子支架24的转子轴30的轴向端部构造而成。此外，可行的是，止推片95已布置在转子轴30上并且其止推面用作第一特征测量点92a。例如可考虑轴毂84的槽87作为第二特征测量点92b。由该间距可确定调节盘94的厚度。
接下来以匹配于调节盘94的厚度装配调节组件92。由此，建立轴毂84和离合器盘72在摩擦离合器18处的正确的轴向布置。接下来装配驱动模块14的其余构件或元件。
在确定在特征测量点92a、92b之间的间距时，预装总成有利地放置在盖盘66处。相应地，在装配调节组件92时，预装总成有利地贴靠在带动盘80处，使得沿轴向弹性的元件76可实现在转子架24、尤其是转子轴30与轴毂84之间的轴向错位。在装配好调节组件92之后，在摩擦离合器18闭合的情况下，沿轴向弹性的区域76承受轴向力或轴向应力。
附图标记：
10 驱动单元
12 内燃机
14 驱动模块
16 电机
18 离合器
20 壳体
22 转子
24 转子支架
26 转子叠片组
28 永磁体
30 转子轴
32 定子
34 定子支架
36 定子叠片组
38 轴承支架
40 轴承组件
42 径向间隙
44 螺栓
46 内燃机壳体
48 螺纹孔
50 贯通孔
52 突刃
54 分离机构、膜片弹簧
56 膜片弹簧簧片
58 分离轴承
60 操纵装置
62 压盘
64 环形的容纳腔
66 盖盘
68 离合器壳体
70 螺栓
72 离合器盘
74 离合器盘组件
76 沿轴向弹性的区域
78 曲轴
80 带动盘
82 径向法兰
84 轴毂
85 轴承组件、滚针轴承
86、88 齿部、插入式齿部
87 槽
90 支撑元件
92 调节组件
92a、92b 特征测量点
93 第一紧固元件、紧固环
94 调节元件、调节盘
95 第二紧固元件、止推片
96 气缸壳体
98 活塞
108；110；112 贯通孔
114 铆钉
A 旋转轴线

Claims (11)

1.一种用于混合动力车辆的传动系(10)的驱动模块(14)，该驱动模块包括
-壳体(20)，
-摩擦离合器(18)，其具有盖盘(66)、能借助操纵组件(60)沿轴向移动的压盘(62)和定位在压盘与盖盘之间的离合器盘组件(74)，
-轴毂(84)，其中，该轴毂与所述离合器盘组件(74)固定地连接，
-电机(16)，该电机具有包括转子支架(24)的转子(22)以及固定在定子支架(34)处的定子(32)，
其特征在于，所述离合器盘组件(74)相对于所述压盘(62)和所述盖盘(66)的轴向的布置或定向通过调节组件(92)来确定，其中，所述调节组件(92)就功能而言布置在所述轴毂(84)和支撑元件(90)之间，该支撑元件沿轴向相对于所述驱动模块(14)的壳体(20)固定。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动模块(14)，其特征在于，沿轴向固定在所述壳体(20)上的所述支撑元件(90)由所述驱动模块(14)的壳体(20)本身、由所述定子支架(34)或由所述转子支架(24)构造而成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动模块(14)，其特征在于，所述调节组件(92)与所述轴毂(84)和/或所述支撑元件(90)直接地或间接地连接。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的驱动模块(14)，其特征在于，所述调节组件(92)布置在所述转子支架(24)的轴向的端部区域上。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的驱动模块(14)，其特征在于，所述调节组件(92)包括第一紧固元件(93)、调节元件(94)和第二紧固元件(95)。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的驱动模块(14)，其特征在于，所述第二紧固元件(95)形成止推片(95)并且构造成塑料部件。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的驱动模块(14)，其特征在于，所述第二紧固元件(95)具有用于相对于所述支撑元件(90)、尤其是所述转子支架(24)沿径向进行紧固的凸缘。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的驱动模块(14)，其特征在于，所述离合器盘组件(74)相对于所述盖盘(66)和所述压盘(62)的轴向的布置或定向通过所述调节元件(94)的厚度来确定。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的驱动模块(14)，其特征在于，所述轴毂(84)为了与另一驱动模块连接而具有插入式齿部(86、88)。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的驱动模块(14)，其特征在于，所述轴毂(84)相对于所述支撑元件(90)、尤其是所述转子支架(24)经由轴承组件(85)受到支承。
11.一种用于装配根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的驱动模块(14)的方法，其中，首先
-至少将所述转子支架(24)、所述摩擦离合器(18)、所述离合器盘组件(74)和所述轴毂(84)装配成预装总成，
-使得所述摩擦离合器(18)闭合并且所述离合器盘组件(74)贴靠在所述盖盘(66)上，
-其中，接下来确定在所述支撑元件的第一特征测量点(92a)与所述轴毂(84)的第二特征测量点(92b)之间的间距，
-其中，然后根据所确定的间距确定所述调节元件(94)的匹配的厚度，以使所述离合器盘组件(74)在所述摩擦离合器(18)处正确地布置或定向，
-其中，接下来装配所述调节组件(92)，以及
-然后装配所述驱动模块(14)的其余构件。
CN201610657823.0A 2015-08-13 2016-08-11 用于混合动力车辆的传动系的驱动模块 Pending CN106427530A (zh)

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