CN106414064A - 电气工程用铝‑铜复合物半成品及其生产方法 - Google Patents

电气工程用铝‑铜复合物半成品及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN106414064A
CN106414064A CN201680001464.1A CN201680001464A CN106414064A CN 106414064 A CN106414064 A CN 106414064A CN 201680001464 A CN201680001464 A CN 201680001464A CN 106414064 A CN106414064 A CN 106414064A
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U·德赖西希阿克
H·特里布斯
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Abstract

本发明描述了一种用于电气工程的半成品，其是铝片(1)和铜片(2)的复合物。根据本发明，半成品具有丙烯酸酯基保护层(3)，该保护层作为漆来应用，其含有至少一种光引发剂并在光的作用下固化形成丙烯酸酯聚合物，优选丙烯酸酯共聚物。本发明还涉及由这种半成品生产的未成品。本发明还描述了生产这种半成品的方法。

Description

电气工程用铝-铜复合物半成品及其生产方法
说明书
本发明涉及一种电气工程用半成品，该半成品是铝片和铜片的复合物。铜具有高导电性，但是一种昂贵的原料。用铝代替一些铜使得生产更便宜和更轻质的半成品成为可能。这种半成品也被称为Al-Cu杂化材料，并可以通过电镀部分或完全重叠的铝片和铜片来生产。
铝-铜复合物半成品及由其生产的产品的问题是铝-铜复合物非常高的腐蚀敏感性。
本发明的目的是公开一种降低铝-铜复合物半成品腐蚀敏感性的方法。
该目的是通过具有权利要求1中指定特征的半成品，由该半成品生产出的未成品，及根据权利要求9生产半成品的方法实现的。
根据本发明，提供的半成品具有丙烯酸酯基保护层，用以代替通过成本密集型镀锌涂层的方法提供腐蚀保护。所述保护层不需要覆盖半成品的整个表面，但可以以定向方式应用到需要腐蚀保护的半成品的表面部分，即，保护层随后不用于电气接触。保护层作为漆来应用，其含有至少一种光引发剂。该漆然后在光的作用下固化形成丙烯酸酯聚合物，优选地形成丙烯酸酯共聚物。
例如，在尚未固化的漆中，芳香族环氧丙烯酸酯单体、脂肪族环氧丙烯酸酯单体和/或聚酯丙烯酸酯单体可以用作丙烯酸酯单体。例如，合适的单体是2-苯氧基乙基丙烯酸酯单体和丙烯酸四氢化糠基酯单体。此外，丙烯酸酯低聚物(如聚氨酯丙烯酸酯低聚物或聚酯改性环氧双丙烯酸酯)可添加到漆中。
本发明对漆进行的有益改进是含有两种或更多具有不同吸收光谱的不同光引发剂。通过这种方式，辐射诱导聚合可以大大加速，因为可以利用辐射源更大范围的光谱。这对经济生产是一个显著的优势，因为短的聚合时间意味着半成品在辐射源下的暴露时间短。特别适合在UV-辐射作用下诱导漆聚合的光引发剂。例如，三甲基二苯甲酮、α-羟基酮、2-羟基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-1-丙酮和/或双(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)苯基氧化膦可以用作光引发剂。
本发明对漆进行的进一步有益改进是含有至少一种粘附促进剂(优选丙烯酸酯基粘附促进剂)作为添加剂。特别适合的是甲基丙烯酸酯基粘附促进剂，例如磷酸甲基丙烯酸酯。通过这种方式，漆对半成品铝和铜表面的粘附力可以提高。作为替换或者附加地，漆可以含有基底润湿剂，例如基于聚硅氧烷和/或流变添加剂，优选地是基于硅酸盐，例如膨润土、层状硅酸盐或硅酸。
本发明对漆进行的进一步有益改进是含有石英粉和/或滑石粉作为填料。
本发明对漆进行的进一步有益改进是在光的作用下固化后仍含有反应性单体，以便当半成品采用塑料进行包封进一步加工时，使得漆和塑料之间粘附力增加。
根据本发明使用的漆可以有如下成分，例如：
-高达40wt％(优选20-35wt％)的芳香族环氧丙烯酸酯单体，
-高达15wt％(优选5-15wt％)的脂肪族环氧丙烯酸酯单体，
-10-30wt％的反应性稀释剂，
-0.5-10wt％的粘附促进剂，
-1-10wt％的光引发剂，
-15-35wt％的填料或颜料，
-高达10％的添加剂，例如消泡剂、基底润湿剂、流变添加剂、流动改性剂、分散剂和/或增稠剂。
在漆中，所述指定组分的重量百分比加和可以高达100wt％，但也可以少于，如果所述漆包含以上未指定的其他组分，例如丙烯酸酯低聚物，尤其是聚氨酯丙烯酸酯低聚物。每种指定的组分可以是不同物质的混合物。例如，该漆可以包含1-10wt％的单种光引发剂或者几种光引发剂一起总计达1-10wt％。同样的，例如，可以使用几种不同的填料或颜料。
漆的示例性实施例可以有以下组成：
-10-25wt％的2-苯氧基丙烯酸乙酯作为单体，
-10-50wt％的环氧丙烯酸酯作为粘附剂，
-10-25wt％的丙烯酸四氢化糠基酯作为单体，
-5-10wt％的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯低聚物作为粘附剂，
-5-10wt％的2-丙烯酸，其与季戊四醇反应产物作为伴随物质，
-1-5wt％的2-羟基2-甲基苯丙酮作为光引发剂，
-1-5wt％的苯基双(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)-氧化膦作为光引发剂，
-高达0.1wt％的丙烯酸作为伴随物质。
根据本发明的半成品可以通过将铝片和铜片在边缘区域将一个放在另一个的上部，然后通过滚压将它们接合起来来生产。还可以放置铝片和铜片，使得一个完全位于另一个的上部，然后通过滚压将它们接合。铝片可以，例如，由包含AlSi1或最好含有至少99wt％铝的其他铝合金组成。铜片可以，例如，由OF铜或含有至少99wt％的铜的铜合金组成。铜片也可以，例如，由青铜(尤其是CuSnx(其中x≤20))或黄铜(尤其是CuZnx(其中5≤x≤37))组成。
根据本发明的半成品可以是片材的形式，例如条带或箍。根据本发明的半成品可以进一步加工形成未成品，例如通过冲压、弯曲或另一种形成方法。在生产根据本发明的未成品期间，根据本发明的半成品也可以具有，例如，模制在其上或周围的塑料。
图1示意性地示出了根据本发明的半成品的示例性实施例的截面图，该半成品由铝片1和铜片2组成。该半成品在侧面上具有丙烯酸酯基保护层3，在该侧面上铝片1与铜片2相邻。

Claims (16)

1.电气工程用半成品，其是铝片(1)和铜片(2)的复合物，其特征在于，所述半成品具有丙烯酸酯基保护层(3)，所述丙烯酸酯基保护层作为漆来应用，其包含至少一种光引发剂并在光的作用下固化以形成丙烯酸酯聚合物，优选地形成丙烯酸酯共聚物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的半成品，其特征在于，所述保护层(3)含有至少5wt％的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯。
3.根据权利要求2所述的半成品，其特征在于，所述保护层(3)含有不超过15％的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯，优选地不超过10wt％的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯。
4.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的半成品，其特征在于，所述保护层(3)含有至少10wt％，优选至少20wt％的环氧丙烯酸酯。
5.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的半成品，其特征在于，所述保护层(3)含有至少5wt％的丙烯酸乙酯，优选10-25wt％的丙烯酸乙酯。
6.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的半成品，其特征在于，所述漆含有两种或更多不同的光引发剂。
7.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的半成品，其特征在于，所述漆在光的作用下固化后仍含有反应性单体，以便当半成品采用塑料进行包封进一步加工时，使得漆和塑料之间粘附力增加。
8.由前述权利要求任一项所述的半成品生产的未成品。
9.一种电气工程用半成品的生产方法，在该方法中制备了铝片(1)和铜片(2)的复合物，其特征在于，将含有丙烯酸酯单体和至少一种光引发剂的丙烯酸酯基漆应用到所述复合物，然后所述丙烯酸酯单体在辐射的作用下聚合。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一些所述丙烯酸酯单体是芳香族或脂肪族环氧丙烯酸酯单体。
11.根据权利要求8或10所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一些所述丙烯酸酯单体是聚酯丙烯酸酯单体。
12.根据权利要求9-11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述漆含有反应性稀释剂。
13.根据权利要求9-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一些所述丙烯酸酯单体含有至少两个乙烯双键每分子。
14.根据权利要求9-13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述漆含有粘附促进剂，优选地含有基于丙烯酸酯的粘附促进剂，特别优选地含有基于甲基丙烯酸酯的粘附促进剂，作为添加剂。
15.根据权利要求8-13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述漆含有基底润湿剂，优选地基于聚硅氧烷，作为添加剂。
16.根据权利要求9-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述复合物由铝片(1)和铜片(2)制成，其中将所述铝片(1)和所述铜片(2)在边缘区域将一个放置在另一个上，然后通过滚压接合。
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