CN106393224A - 切割装置 - Google Patents

切割装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106393224A
CN106393224A CN201610595843.XA CN201610595843A CN106393224A CN 106393224 A CN106393224 A CN 106393224A CN 201610595843 A CN201610595843 A CN 201610595843A CN 106393224 A CN106393224 A CN 106393224A
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unit
cutter
disc blades
cutter sweep
chain
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CN106393224B (zh
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M.德雷布斯
B.斯帕里
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Magna Steyr Fuel Systems GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/157—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis
    • B26D1/18—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis mounted on a movable carriage
    • B26D1/185—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis mounted on a movable carriage for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/20—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter coacting with a fixed member
    • B26D1/205—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter coacting with a fixed member for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/56—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter
    • B26D1/60—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter and is mounted on a movable carriage
    • B26D1/605—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter and is mounted on a movable carriage for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B26D5/083—Rack-and-pinion means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/06—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form
    • B26D7/0625—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form by endless conveyors, e.g. belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于从条带(1)切割片的切割装置，包括切割单元(2)、用于在纵向方向上传送条带(1)的传送单元(3)和具有致动器(5)的导向单元(4)，切割单元(2)在纵向方向(v4)上通过导向单元(4)引导，在垂直于纵向方向(v4)的横向方向(v6)上通过导向单元(4)上的致动器(5)引导，切割单元(2)包括可旋转安装的盘刀片(6)，盘刀片可由驱动器驱动旋转，用于切割，本发明还涉及一种用于生产塑料片的装置，包括至少一个上述的切割装置。

Description

切割装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于从条带切割片的切割装置，以及一种用于生产塑料片的装置。
背景技术
这里所描述的切割装置尤其适用于从在传送带上运输的条带(比如环形带)切割单件。这种切割装置可用于造纸、纺织和塑料工业。本发明特别适用于从挤压的热塑料条切割单独的片材，挤压的热塑料条通过传送带从挤压机的模具挤出。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种切割装置和包括该切割装置的用于生产塑料片的装置，使得可以以灵活和可靠的方式从传送的条带切割片。
该目的通过用于从条带切割片的切割装置完成，该切割装置包括切割单元、用于在纵向方向上传送条带的传送单元和具有致动器的导向单元，切割单元在纵向方向上通过导向单元引导，在垂直于纵向方向的横向方向上通过导向单元上的致动器引导，切割单元包括可旋转安装的盘刀片，盘刀片可由驱动器驱动旋转，用于切割。
根据本发明，条带可通过传送单元(例如传送带)在纵向方向上传送。切割单元同样地可以在相同的纵向方向上移动，从而例如以与传送带单元相同的速度在条带上被引导，因此在各节段，切割单元在条带的相同位置上是固定的。此外，可以在条带上沿横向方向(即通常沿条带的宽度)引导切割单元，这样，在传送单元和导向单元的同步速度的情况下，可以产生沿运行条带的直线切割，或预定的弯曲切割线。为了切割目的，切割装置具有旋转的盘刀片，即具有在盘的圆周上实现的切割边缘的盘形元件，使得可以最优地分割条带材料，特别是热挤压塑料。
根据本发明的用于生产塑料片的装置可包括具有模具的至少一个挤出机和至少一个根据本发明的切割装置，切割装置被设计成通过模具输出的挤压塑料条可通过传送单元传送到切割单元。
本发明的发展在从属权利要求、说明书和附图中指定。
优选地，切割单元包括用于接收盘刀片的刀片托架，该刀片托架可沿导向单元的导向轮廓在横向方向上移动。
优选地，导向单元包括链架和基板，基板不随链架移动，链架包括在两个链轮之间张紧的链条，链条在第一位置被固定到导向单元的基板。在这种情况下，术语“链条”包括任何类型的链条，还包括链条型装置，例如带。
优选地，刀片托架在第二位置固定在链条上，第二位置被布置在链条的链股上，与第一位置相对，使得第二位置通过链轮在两侧与第一位置分离。
优选地，链架可以通过导向单元上的致动器在横向方向上移动。
导向轮廓优选地固定在链架上，但还可以固定在基板上。
优选地，导向单元被悬挂成可绕垂直于条带的轴，即通常为竖直轴转动。
特别优选地，切割装置包括控制单元，使得传送单元的速度和/或切割单元在纵向方向和/或横向方向上的运动的速度，和/或导向单元绕垂直于条带的竖直轴的转动的速度，可通过控制单元进行预设。
盘刀片的驱动可优选地由齿条和啮合在齿条中的并与盘刀片旋转固定的齿轮构成。因此可以不用刀片自身的驱动，通过切割单元的线性运动，实现刀片的旋转运动。为了这个目的，齿条优选地相对于导向单元，尤其相对于导向基板固定。
盘刀片的驱动还可以通过直接驱动盘刀片的电机实现。
切割单元优选地包括具有与盘刀片相对的切割边缘的脚部。
优选地，盘刀片可通过接触压力弹簧在朝向脚部的切割边缘的方向上偏置。
切割单元，特别是，如果适当的话，切割单元的脚部，可具有至少一个，优选为两个或更多个空气喷嘴，以从传送单元分离条带。
优选地，盘刀片在横向方向上对准和/或能够在横向方向上对准，和/或盘刀片的垂直俯仰角(倾斜角)可相对于传送单元设定。
盘刀片优选具有圆形、带凹槽或带齿的设计，和/或具有锯齿，和/或具有旋转对称的设计，和/或具有多边形的形状，特别是正多边形，例如六边形或八边形。
附图说明
下面参照附图描述本发明。
图1是根据本发明的切割装置从侧面的示意图。
图2是根据本发明的切割装置俯视示意图。
图3是根据本发明的切割装置的链架和刀片托架的示意图。
图4是根据本发明的切割装置的一部分的三维图。
图5是根据本发明的切割装置的一部分的三维图。
图6是根据本发明的切割装置的一部分的三维图。
图7是根据本发明的切割装置的一部分的三维图，切割单元2以剖面示出。
图8示出了用于根据本发明的切割装置的四个可能的盘刀片。
具体实施方式
图1和图2示出了根据本发明的切割装置在切割过程中的示意性布置。
切割装置用于从条带1切割片，切割装置包括切割单元2、在纵向方向上传送条带1的传送单元3和导向单元4，切割单元2通过导向单元4在纵向方向(沿v4)上引导，在垂直于纵向方向的横向方向上(沿v6)在导向单元4上引导。
条带1的条带速度v1和导向单元4的速度v4可例如通过控制单元互相关联，在最简单的形式中，它们相等，即同步。
图2是图1的布置的俯视图。该装置被悬挂成在控制下可绕竖直轴13旋转。条带1可通过传送单元3沿整个装置被引导。盘刀片6可沿装置移动，同样在控制单元的控制下。如果装置的三个运动，也就是v4(导向单元4在纵向方向上的速度)、v6(盘刀片6在横向方向上的速度)和v13(导向单元4绕正交轴13的角速度)与条带的速度v1协同，则可以得到期望的弯曲切割线。
如果装置的速度只对应于导向单元4的速度，即v13＝0且v4＝v1，则得到横向方向上的直线切割。其他曲线的速度可以计算得到，并通过控制单元实施。
可以通过各自的驱动装置来得到v4和v13，但优选地通过共同的驱动装置产生这两种运动。
图3示出了切割装置的基本结构，特别是对链架9和刀片托架7的引导。链轮11与链条12一起安装在链架9上。链架通过致动器5移动。顶部的链条12固定至基板10。刀片托架7与盘刀片6一起连接到底部的链条12，并在附接到链架9的导向轮廓8上运行(导向轮廓8也可以连接到基板10)。当致动器5致动时，盘刀片6以双倍的速度运行，因此也会移动两倍的距离。因此，可以使用具有半冲程的致动器5，如果不具有带链架9的结构的话。
清楚地，两个托架7和9可以通过两个独立的致动器驱动(那么链条12不需要连接到基板10)。然而，具有单个致动器的方案是优选的，如图3所示。
刀片托架7的设计如图4所示。刀片托架7使用可转动的盘刀片6，其可制成通过驱动器而转动来实现切割。
盘刀片6的圆周实现为切割边缘。这种类型的旋转刀片是已知的，例如，从食品工业(“比萨刀”)和纺织工业中。旋转盘刀片允许最佳地初始切割进条带材料中。例如，由于挤压条带的表面因冷却而与环境空气形成半固态的表皮，所以旋转盘刀片6有利地实现初始切割。
旋转盘刀片6可以直接由电机驱动，但优选地通过齿轮15驱动，如图3到7所示，齿轮在固定到框架或基板10的齿条14上滚动。如果盘刀片6被直接驱动，则省略了齿轮15和齿条14，然而，这需要安装驱动电机。驱动电机与导向单元4同步运行，电能或气能供应也同样必须同步。为此，包括齿轮15和齿条14的解决方案是优选的。齿轮15的大小确定了盘刀片6的旋转速度。齿轮15的大小受条带1上方可用的空间和使用的轴的直径的限制。
脚部16(见图5和图6)可以设置在旋转的盘刀片6的下方，以防止条带1移动离开应在的位置。
图6示出了切割单元2的三维图。刀片6可以通过接触压力弹簧18抵压在脚部16中的凹部的壁上。该凹部具有锋利的边缘，该边缘作为第二切割边缘17。结果，不仅通过压力，还通过一对剪切的原理使条带的材料分开。为此，另外，包括脚部16的布置是优选的。显然，所有这些元件(特别是两个切割边缘)是硬化的。与条带材料1接触的部分具有防粘涂层以防止粘到传送单元3上。
图7示出了穿过切割单元2的剖面。
图8显示了盘刀片6的各种可能的形状的选择，即圆形、多边形(在这种情况下为八边形)、带凹槽和带齿的或星状，每一种均具有对称设计。尽管在此没有说明，但同样可能会是带凹槽或带齿的不对称的设计轮廓，例如不对称锯齿。
仅使用具有对称设计的盘刀片6便适于在向前和返回方向上进行切割。
盘刀片的带凹槽或带齿的设计有利于初始切割条带1。齿将材料“拉”至切割边缘，因此在这种情况下，条带1不太可能变形。圆形和多边形盘刀片6允许相应切割边缘更容易地重新变锋利。
部件列表
1 条带
2 切割单元
3 传送单元
4 导向单元
5 致动器
6 盘刀片
7 刀片托架
8 导向轮廓
9 链架
10 基板
11 链轮
12 链条
13 垂直于传送单元的轴
14 齿条
15 与盘刀片旋转固定的齿轮
16 脚部
17 切割边缘
18 接触压力弹簧
v1 条带的速度(纵向方向)
v4 导向单元的速度(纵向方向)
v6 盘刀片的速度(横向方向)
v13 导向单元绕轴的角速度

Claims (15)

1.一种用于从条带(1)切割片的切割装置，包括切割单元(2)、用于在纵向方向上传送条带(1)的传送单元(3)和具有致动器(5)的导向单元(4)，切割单元(2)在纵向方向(v4)上通过导向单元(4)引导，在垂直于纵向方向(v4)的横向方向(v6)上通过导向单元(4)上的致动器(5)引导，切割单元(2)包括可旋转安装的盘刀片(6)，盘刀片由驱动器驱动旋转，用于切割。
2.根据权利要求1所述的切割装置，
其特征在于，切割单元(2)包括用于接收盘刀片(6)的刀片托架(7)，该刀片托架(7)可沿导向单元(4)的导向轮廓(8)在横向方向上移动。
3.根据权利要求1所述的切割装置，
其特征在于，导向单元(4)包括链架(9)和基板(10)，基板(10)不随链架(9)移动，链架(9)包括在两个链轮(11)之间的链条(12)，链条(12)在第一位置被固定在导向单元(4)的基板(10)。
4.根据权利要求2所述的切割装置，
其特征在于，刀片托架(7)在第二位置固定在链条(12)上，第二位置被布置在链条(12)的链股上、与第一位置相对。
5.根据权利要求3所述的切割装置，
其特征在于，链架(9)可以通过导向单元(4)上的致动器(5)在横向方向上移动。
6.根据权利要求2所述的切割装置，
其特征在于，导向轮廓(8)固定在链架(9)上，或固定在基板(10)上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的切割装置，
其特征在于，导向单元(4)被悬挂成能够绕垂直于传送单元(3)的轴(13)转动。
8.根据权利要求1所述的切割装置，
其特征在于，切割装置包括控制单元，使得传送单元(3)的速度、和/或切割单元(2)在纵向方向和/或横向方向上的运动的速度、和/或导向单元(4)绕垂直于条带的竖直轴(13)的转动的速度，可通过控制单元进行预设。
9.根据权利要求1所述的切割装置，
其特征在于，盘刀片(6)的驱动可由齿条(14)和啮合在齿条(14)中的、并与盘刀片(6)旋转固定的齿轮(15)构成，或由直接驱动盘刀片(6)的电机构成。
10.根据权利要求1的切割装置，
其特征在于，切割单元(2)包括脚部(16)，所述脚部具有与盘刀片(6)相对的切割边缘(17)。
11.根据权利要求10的切割装置，
其特征在于，盘刀片(6)可通过接触压力弹簧(18)在朝向脚部(16)的切割边缘(17)的方向上偏置。
12.根据权利要求1的切割装置，
其特征在于，切割单元(2)，特别是，如果适当的话，切割单元(2)的脚部(16)，具有至少一个空气喷嘴，以从传送单元分离条带。
13.根据权利要求1的切割装置，
其特征在于，盘刀片(6)在横向方向上对准和/或能够在横向方向上对准，和/或盘刀片(6)的垂直俯仰角可相对于传送单元(3)设定。
14.根据权利要求1所述的切割装置，
其特征在于，盘刀片(6)具有圆形、带凹槽或带齿的设计，和/或具有锯齿，和/或具有旋转对称设计，和/或具有多边形的形状，特别是正多边形。
15.用于生产塑料片的装置，包括具有模具的至少一个挤出机和至少一个根据权利要求1所述的切割装置，切割装置被设计成通过模具输出的挤压塑料条可通过传送单元(3)传送到切割单元(2)。
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