CN106383016A - Vehicle side impact simulation test structure and test method thereof - Google Patents
Vehicle side impact simulation test structure and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106383016A CN106383016A CN201610695279.9A CN201610695279A CN106383016A CN 106383016 A CN106383016 A CN 106383016A CN 201610695279 A CN201610695279 A CN 201610695279A CN 106383016 A CN106383016 A CN 106383016A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle side impact simulation test structure and a test method thereof. The vehicle side impact simulation test structure comprises an acceleration sliding table, a sliding table track and a white vehicle body, and is characterized in that the bottom part of the white vehicle body are provided with supporting plates at positions where a front shaft and a rear shaft are supposed to be arranged, a cross beam is connected between the supporting plates, the cross beam is slidably arranged above the sliding table track and enables the bottom part of the white vehicle body to be parallel to the horizontal plane, the supporting plates are parallel to the sliding table track, the end, which is close to the acceleration sliding table, of each supporting plate is connected to a braking mechanism by using a rope, the sliding table track between the acceleration sliding table and the white vehicle body is additionally provided with a bullet vehicle, the white vehicle body and the supporting plates are additionally provided with counterweights used for adjusting the vehicle weight and the mass location of the vehicle in the vertical direction, and the white vehicle body is equipped with vehicle door interior trim parts, a seat and an impact test dummy at the impact side according to test requirements. The vehicle side impact simulation test structure can simulate the vehicle side impact process more accurately, can be aimed at vehicle side impact test modes under various regulations and standards in particular, and is conducive to research and development of passive safety products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of vehicle safety is and in particular to a kind of vehicle side collision simulation test structure and its survey
Method for testing.
Background technology
When vehicle passive safety is developed, acceleration slide unit is usually used, deceleration slide unit vehicle side collision is carried out
Simulation, by deflection or intrusion volume, deformation velocity or the simulation invading speed in impact test to vehicular sideview structure, comes
Realize the simulation to vehicle side collision, this method is that automobile body is carried out segmentation cutting, every using some energy-absorbing materials
Individual part charge carries out intrusion volume, invades the simulation of speed, meanwhile, phase also by the motion of seat with vehicular sideview structure
Motion is simulated, this typically adopts deceleration slide unit to be simulated, and this mode needs to carry out a large amount of rating tests could be complete
Become efficiency test once.Or, further simplify, only simulation body in white side structure with seat relative fortune between the two
Dynamic, side collision is simulated, this typically adopts acceleration slide unit to be simulated, and this is even more a kind of very coarse method,
Because not carrying out any simulation to the intrusion volume of side, intrusion speed, this is differed greatly with the result of actual tests.
Simultaneously for the side collision research and development of vehicle, there are numerous forms of collision, such as mobile deformable obstacle
(MDB-Moving Deformation Barrier), lateral column touch, CNS, European directive, NCAP of China, Europe
NCAP, Unite States Standard etc., above-mentioned traditional side model configuration can not be simulated effectively, is the great of research and development of products
Obstacle.In addition, automobile factory is in vehicle development early stage, it is impossible to verifying and judging car in the case of there is no complete automobile collision test data
Whether the crashworthiness characteristic of side body structure can meet the requirements, and need to carry out complete automobile collision test, so opening in formal vehicle body
Before mould, carry out making experimental model using a large amount of quick shaping parts, soft mode part, and the sample car of this stage car load level is very
Expensive.
Content of the invention
The invention aims to providing one kind to solve the above problems, being capable of more accurately simulating vehicle side collision
Process, especially can be directed to multiple regulations, the vehicle side collision simulation test of substandard vehicle side collision test form
Structure and its method of testing, to realize the accurate simulation to vehicle side collision, are conducive to the research and development of passive security product.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of vehicle side collision simulation test structure, including acceleration slide unit, slide unit track and body in white, its feature exists
In：The position that described body in white bottom correspondence should set axle is respectively equipped with gripper shoe, is connected with and slides between described gripper shoe
The vertical crossbeam of platform track, described crossbeam slides and is arranged in above slide unit track and makes body in white bottom and plane-parallel, institute
The close acceleration slide unit end stating gripper shoe and slide unit parallel track and gripper shoe is utilized respectively rope and is connected with braking mechanism, institute
State the normal direction friction that braking mechanism transmits tire and ground when pull strength simulates real vehicles collision to gripper shoe by rope
Power, the slide unit track between described acceleration slide unit and body in white is additionally provided with bullet car, in described body in white and in gripper shoe
Have additional the counterweight for adjusting the centroid position on vehicle mass and vehicle vertical direction, the close body in white of described bullet car
End is provided with collision execution unit, and described body in white is installed vehicle door interior trim part, seat and collision according to test requirements document in collision side and surveyed
Examination dummy.
Above-mentioned vehicle side collision simulation test structure, described bullet car is MDB vertical bullet car or MDB angle bullet
Car or post touch bullet car.
Above-mentioned vehicle side collision simulation test structure, described bullet car and acceleration slide unit are integral type structure.
Above-mentioned vehicle side collision simulation test structure, described bullet car and acceleration slide unit are split-type structural.
Above-mentioned vehicle side collision simulation test structure, described collision execution unit uses honeybee for height-adjustable test
Nest aluminum.
Above-mentioned vehicle side collision simulation test structure, described collision execution unit is collision post.
The method of testing of above-mentioned vehicle side collision simulation test structure it is characterised in that：Straight using acceleration slide unit
Connect and bullet car is accelerated to test speed, clashed into body in white side, by body in white is carried out with counterweight, external brake
Mechanism carrys out the side sliding after simulating vehicle occurs side collision, and wherein, described braking mechanism transmits pull strength by rope and gives
Gripper shoe is used for reaching real vehicles quality with the normal direction frictional force of tire when simulating real vehicles collision and ground, described counterweight
With the adjustment of the centroid position in vehicle vertical direction, in collision process, body in white side structure deforms, and leads to side
Structure invades into crew module, thus the simulation test realized to vehicle side collision intrusion volume, invade speed.
Above-mentioned method of testing, described bullet car is MDB vertical bullet car or MDB angle bullet car, and described MDB is vertically sub
Playing car or MDB angle bullet car with acceleration slide unit is split-type structural, the vertical bullet car of described MDB or MDB angle bullet car
Accelerate to setting speed under acceleration slide unit promotes, acceleration slide unit brakes bullet car vertical with MDB or MDB angle bullet car
Separate, the vertical bullet car of described MDB or the quality of MDB angle bullet car and speed are set by involved vehicle impact standards
Fixed, the vertical bullet car of described MDB or MDB angle bullet car run on slide unit track, finally and body in white sideways collisions,
Then body in white sliding speed gradually steps up, and the sliding speed of MDB vertical bullet car or MDB angle bullet car is gradually lowered, when white
Vehicle body is reached unanimity with the sliding speed of MDB vertical bullet car or MDB angle bullet car or both speed differ and setting error
In the range of when, MDB vertical bullet car or MDB angle bullet car are braked rapidly, it is to avoid with body in white, secondary collision occurs.
Above-mentioned method of testing, described bullet car touches bullet car for post, and described touching column bullet car and acceleration slide unit are one
Body formula structure, described touching column bullet car accelerates to setting impact velocity under the promotion of acceleration slide unit and keeps constant, in slide unit
Run on track and do not separate with acceleration slide unit, described post touch bullet car final with body in white sideways collisions, then car in vain
Body sliding speed gradually steps up, when the sliding speed that body in white and post touch bullet car reach unanimity or both speed differ set
When in range of error, post touches bullet car and brakes rapidly, it is to avoid with body in white, secondary collision occurs.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Occurred come simulating vehicle by body in white is carried out with counterweight and external braking mechanism
Side sliding after side collision, wherein, braking mechanism is simulated real vehicles by rope transmission pull strength to gripper shoe and is touched
The normal direction frictional force on tire and ground when hitting, counterweight is used for reaching real vehicles quality and to the barycenter position in vehicle vertical direction
The adjustment put.Further to vehicular sideview deformation state during real vehicle impact test it is adaptable to various forms of side
Collision, to improve the accuracy of the exploitation of vehicle passive safety, test efficiency is high, to the simulation of the collision characteristic of vehicular sideview by
Vehicle itself determines.Additionally, by counterweight is carried out to body in white, it is to avoid tested using very expensive test car load,
The test effect close to real vehicles collision can be obtained, save development cost.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the top view simulated of MDB side normal impact (China or European directive) of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view simulated of MDB side normal impact (China or European directive) of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of tire and the direction of ground friction coefficient；
Fig. 4 is MDB band angle side collision (Unite States Standard) the simulation schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the brake logic schematic diagram of the side collision of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that the Flank Pole of the present invention touches simulation (Euro-NCAP) schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is that the Flank Pole of the present invention touches the brake logic schematic diagram of simulation.
In figure：1- slide unit track, 2-MDB vertical bullet car, 3- honeycomb aluminum, 4- braking mechanism, 5- rope, 6- gripper shoe,
7- crossbeam, 8- body in white, 9-MDB angle bullet car, 10- acceleration slide unit, 11- post touches bullet car.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, this vehicle side collision simulation test structure, including acceleration slide unit 10, slide unit track 1 and
Body in white 8, the position that described body in white 8 bottom correspondence should set axle is respectively equipped with gripper shoe 6, connects between described gripper shoe 6
Be connected to the crossbeam 7 vertical with slide unit track 1, described crossbeam 7 slide be arranged in slide unit track 1 top and make body in white 8 bottom with
Plane-parallel, body in white 8 is joining with chassis system with the position interfixing of gripper shoe 6 and the vehicle body of actual vehicle
Position consistency.Described gripper shoe 6 is parallel with slide unit track 1 and close acceleration slide unit 10 end of gripper shoe 6 is utilized respectively rope 5
It is connected with braking mechanism 4, rope 5 is parallel with slide unit track 1, described braking mechanism 4 transmits pull strength to gripper shoe by rope 5
6 with the normal direction frictional force of tire when simulating real vehicles collision and ground, the cunning between described acceleration slide unit 10 and body in white 8
Bullet car is additionally provided with platform track 1, has additional in described body in white 8 and in gripper shoe 6 and hang down for adjusting vehicle mass and vehicle
The counterweight of Nogata centroid position upwards, close body in white 8 end of described bullet car is provided with collision execution unit, described body in white
8 install vehicle door interior trim part, seat and crash tests dummy according to test requirements document in collision side.
In the present embodiment, described bullet car is MDB vertical bullet car 2, the vertical bullet car of described MDB 2 and acceleration slide unit
10 is split-type structural, and described collision execution unit is height-adjustable test honeycomb aluminum 3.
Method of testing：
Directly vertical for MDB bullet car 2 is accelerated to test speed (setting speed is 50km/h) using acceleration slide unit 10,
Acceleration slide unit 10 is braked and is separated with MDB vertical bullet car 2, and the quality of the vertical bullet car 2 of described MDB and speed are pressed involved
Vehicle impact standards are set, consistent with required MDB (Moving Deforming Barrier) in standard.Described
MDB vertical bullet car 2 runs on slide unit track 1, final and body in white 8 sideways collisions, then body in white 8 sliding speed by
Gradually improve, the sliding speed of MDB vertical bullet car 2 is gradually lowered, when the sliding speed of body in white 8 bullet car 2 vertical with MDB becomes
In consistent or both speed differences when setting in range of error, MDB vertical bullet car 2 is braked rapidly, it is to avoid with body in white 8
Raw secondary collision.This method by carrying out counterweight to body in white 8, external braking mechanism 4 occurs side collision come simulating vehicle
Side sliding afterwards, wherein, described braking mechanism 4 transmits pull strength by rope 5 and simulates real vehicles collision to gripper shoe 6
When tire and ground normal direction frictional force, described counterweight is used for reaching the barycenter position in real vehicles quality and vehicle vertical direction
The adjustment put, in collision process, body in white 8 side structure deforms, and leads to side structure to invade into crew module, thus
The simulation test realize to vehicle side collision intrusion volume, invading speed.
Wherein, braking mechanism 4 is when discharging rope 5, can set pull strength, in concrete test, set traction
Power can be the frictional force of actual wheel and ground it is also possible to be obtained it is also possible to be obtained by calculating by actual measurement, that is,：
Front axle FPull strength=NFront axle surveys weight*μTire and ground friction coefficient
Rear axle FPull strength=NRear axle surveys weight*μTire and ground friction coefficient
Wherein μTire and ground friction coefficientDirection referring to Fig. 3.
So, when performing a test, MDB vertical bullet car 2, quality as set by standard, speed and direction dialogue
Vehicle body 8 is collided, and front axle and rear axle F pull strength simulate tire and ground normal direction frictional force, thus truly reflecting white car
The collision characteristic of body 8 side structure, is simulated to the intrusion volume of crew module, intrusion speed, simultaneously because gripper shoe 6 can be put down
Slide in face, usually, the centroid position axle to the front of vehicle, so not holding any government official post's car 8 can reflect exactly in collision process sliding gesture
Out.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 4, described bullet car is MDB angle bullet car 9.For the simulation of side impact with angle, with the U.S.
As a example standard FMVSS 214, MDB angle bullet car 9 carry angled, equally, MDB angle bullet car 9 according to standard define into
Row counterweight, the symmetrical center line of the symmetrical center line of in figure body in white 8 and acceleration slide unit 10 is in 63 degree of angles, body in white 8 with
Above the angle fixed support plate 6 of standard definition, similarly, gripper shoe 6 and plane-parallel, can slide in horizontal plane, and
Drawn by rope 5 and braking mechanism 4, braking mechanism 4, when discharging rope 5, can set pull strength, in concrete test, set
Fixed pull strength can be obtained by actual measurement it is also possible to by calculating acquisition be with actual wheel and frictional ground force：
Front axle F pull strength=NFront axle surveys weight*μTire and ground friction coefficient
Rear axle F pull strength=NRear axle surveys weight*μTire and ground friction coefficient
For this test simulation, because, in actual vehicle impact test, the glide direction of tire is to carry angled, institute
With μTire and ground friction coefficientF pull strength can be reset after being finely adjusted.Other are with embodiment 1.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, simulate by standard respectively using MDB vertical bullet car 2 and MDB angle bullet car 9
The quality of mobile deformable obstacle (MDB-Moving Deformation Barrier) of defined and speed, and to body in white
8 are collided, and this is consistent with the test of real vehicles side collision, i.e. stationary vehicle, by mobile deformable obstacle to specify
Quality and speed side collision is carried out to vehicle.So, as shown in figure 5, MDB angle bullet car 9 is added by acceleration slide unit 10
After speed V0 that specifies to standard of speed, acceleration slide unit 10 will start to brake and slows down, MDB angle bullet car 9 and acceleration
Slide unit 10 separates, and in slide unit track 1 art skating until colliding with body in white 8, the moment colliding is the seat in Fig. 5
Mark initial point, after colliding, MDB angle bullet car 9 speed declines, and body in white 8 is due to by MDB angle bullet car 9
Collision thus speed increases, when reaching T moment, i.e. (Fig. 5 when both speed differences are in the range of set velocity error
Shown in Vgap), MDB angle bullet car 9 is braked to avoid, with body in white 8, secondary collision occurs rapidly.
Embodiment 3
As shown in fig. 6, described bullet car touches bullet car 11 for post, it is one that described post touches bullet car 11 with acceleration slide unit 10
Body formula structure, described collision execution unit is collision post.Other are with embodiment 1.
For side column impact test, the such as test of EURO-NCAP (European new car evaluation), i.e. collision post is static
, the test that vehicle is collided with collision post with the speed that specifies and angle, this is clashed into above-mentioned dynamic deformable obstacle (MDB)
The side of static vehicle is different but it is also possible to be simulated estimating using the present invention.As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, acceleration
Slide unit 10 and post touch both bullet cars 11 and connect together all the time, and post touches bullet car 11 front end and is provided with the collision by standard given size
Post, when reaching setting impact velocity V0, post is touched bullet car 11 and is collided (0 point of coordinate), in collision process with body in white 8
In, by acceleration slide unit 10 controlling organization of itself, remain V0 speed, until body in white 11 velocity and acceleration slide unit
10 or post touch bullet car 11 speed reach unanimity or both speed difference in the range of set velocity error when (in Fig. 5
Shown Vgap), that is, in the T moment, acceleration slide unit 10 or post are touched bullet car 11 and are braked to avoid being occurred with body in white 8 rapidly
Secondary collision.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of vehicle side collision simulation test structure, including acceleration slide unit, slide unit track and body in white, its feature exists
In：The position that described body in white bottom correspondence should set axle is respectively equipped with gripper shoe, is connected with and slides between described gripper shoe
The vertical crossbeam of platform track, described crossbeam slides and is arranged in above slide unit track and makes body in white bottom and plane-parallel, institute
The close acceleration slide unit end stating gripper shoe and slide unit parallel track and gripper shoe is utilized respectively rope and is connected with braking mechanism, institute
State the normal direction friction that braking mechanism transmits tire and ground when pull strength simulates real vehicles collision to gripper shoe by rope
Power, the slide unit track between described acceleration slide unit and body in white is additionally provided with bullet car, in described body in white and in gripper shoe
Have additional the counterweight for adjusting the centroid position on vehicle mass and vehicle vertical direction, the close body in white of described bullet car
End is provided with collision execution unit, and described body in white is installed vehicle door interior trim part, seat and collision according to test requirements document in collision side and surveyed
Examination dummy.
2. vehicle side collision simulation test structure according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described bullet car is MDB
Vertical bullet car or MDB angle bullet car or post touch bullet car.
3. vehicle side collision simulation test structure according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described bullet car and acceleration
Degree slide unit is integral type structure.
4. vehicle side collision simulation test structure according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described bullet car and acceleration
Degree slide unit is split-type structural.
5. vehicle side collision simulation test structure according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described collision execution unit
For height-adjustable test honeycomb aluminum.
6. vehicle side collision simulation test structure according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described collision execution unit
For colliding post.
7. a kind of method of testing of vehicle side collision simulation test structure as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that：Using
Bullet car is directly accelerated to test speed by acceleration slide unit, is clashed into body in white side, by joining to body in white
Weight, external braking mechanism carry out the side sliding after simulating vehicle occurs side collision, and wherein, described braking mechanism passes through rope
To gripper shoe with the normal direction frictional force of tire when simulating real vehicles collision and ground, described counterweight is used for reaching transmission pull strength
The adjustment of the centroid position in real vehicles quality and vehicle vertical direction, in collision process, body in white side structure occurs
Deformation, leads to side structure to invade into crew module, thus the simulation survey realized to vehicle side collision intrusion volume, invade speed
Examination.
8. vehicle side collision simulation test structure according to claim 7 method of testing it is characterised in that：Described son
Playing car is MDB vertical bullet car or MDB angle bullet car, and the vertical bullet car of described MDB or MDB angle bullet car are slided with acceleration
Platform is split-type structural, and the vertical bullet car of described MDB or MDB angle bullet car accelerate to setting speed under the promotion of acceleration slide unit
Degree, the braking of acceleration slide unit is separated with MDB vertical bullet car or MDB angle bullet car, the vertical bullet car of described MDB or MDB angle
The degree quality of bullet car and speed are set by involved vehicle impact standards, the vertical bullet car of described MDB or MDB angle
Bullet car runs on slide unit track, final and body in white sideways collisions, then body in white sliding speed gradually steps up, MDB
The sliding speed of vertical bullet car or MDB angle bullet car is gradually lowered, when body in white bullet car vertical with MDB or MDB angle
The sliding speed of bullet car reaches unanimity or both speed difference is when setting in range of error, MDB vertical bullet car or MDB angle
Degree bullet car is braked rapidly, it is to avoid with body in white, secondary collision occurs.
9. vehicle side collision simulation test structure according to claim 7 method of testing it is characterised in that：Described son
Play car and touch bullet car for post, described touching column bullet car and acceleration slide unit are integral type structure, and described touching column bullet car is accelerating
Degree slide unit accelerates to setting impact velocity keep constant under promoting, slide unit track runs and with acceleration slide unit regardless of
From, described post touch bullet car final then body in white sliding speed gradually steps up with body in white sideways collisions, when body in white and
The sliding speed that post touches bullet car reaches unanimity or both speed difference is when setting in range of error, and post touches bullet car and makes rapidly
Dynamic, it is to avoid with body in white, secondary collision to occur.
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