CN108593311A - A kind of children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig and test method - Google Patents
A kind of children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108593311A CN108593311A CN201810628970.4A CN201810628970A CN108593311A CN 108593311 A CN108593311 A CN 108593311A CN 201810628970 A CN201810628970 A CN 201810628970A CN 108593311 A CN108593311 A CN 108593311A
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005428 wave function Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/0078—Shock-testing of vehicles
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig, including:Door trolley;And first track, the door trolley is arranged on first track, and can be axially moved along first track;Second track is fixed on the door trolley, second track and first parallel track;Seat trolley is arranged on second track, and can be axially moved along second track, and the seat station vehicle is used for fixing child seat;Car door is simulated, one end is fixedly connected with the door trolley, the other end and the children's seat gap setting;Energy-absorbing material is fixed at the seat trolley and simulates on the door trolley between car door.Trolley and seat trolley it can carry out double motion controls on the door.The present invention also provides a kind of children's seat trolley side collision test methods, and the accelerator of trolley is using sinusoidal wave function control, realization children's seat side collision test on the door.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle impact testing technical fields, and more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of children's seat trolleys
Side collision experimental rig and test method.
Background technology
In automobile and the test of the collision safety of related accessory, sled test is a kind of common means of testing, can
Simulated automotive is in collision accident, safety performance of the interior component under crash acceleration impact.Trolley equipment usually only has
Single control to vehicle body acceleration waveform applies a crash acceleration by the vehicle body or parts installed to trolley and thereon
Waveform is impacted with crash acceleration of the simulated automotive in collision accident suffered by crew module or parts.Therefore it is widely answered
Simulation for head-on crash process.
However, side collision is different from head-on crash, that causes occupant injury not only has crash acceleration, also car door
The deflection inwardly squeezed.If thinking accurately to simulate side impact process, the control of two degree of freedom is needed, i.e., can not only control collision and add
Speed, while needing that intrusion deformation can be controlled again.Side collision experiment is added in current more and more children's seat test methods
It is required that.Such as in newest European directive ECE R129《The reinforced child restrainnt system used on motor vehicle about approval
Uniform provisions》In, newly increase the trolley side collision experiment of children's seat.The test method is to pass through vehicle on trolley
Door inwardly pinch shock children's seat and the dummy that is taken simulate and are hit Vehicular door in practical side impact events and inwardly become
Shape hits children's seat and the collision process of children.The major requirement of the test method is car door speed and children's seat speed difference
Function of time curve need to meet two sections of linear relationships, it is therefore desirable to while double motion controls are carried out to car door and seat rack,
And current trolley equipment can only control a wherein side, the motion control of another party is needed by other technologies means reality
It is existing.
The present invention devises a kind of device and waveform controlling method of the experiment of children's seat trolley side collision, realizes
Double motion controls needed for virgin seat trolley side collision experiment.This method, which is applied to accelerating type trolley, can realize ECE R129
Required children's seat side collision test request, and cost is relatively low, is easy to implement.
Invention content
One object of the present invention designs and develops a kind of children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig, being capable of trolley on the door
Double motion controls are carried out with seat trolley, realize the accurate simulation of children's seat side collision.
Another object of the present invention designs and develops a kind of children's seat trolley side collision test method, on the door trolley
Accelerator is controlled using sinusoidal wave function, while passing through the design of variable cross-section energy-absorbing material so that realizes car door speed and seat
The function of time curve of chair speed difference can meet children's seat side collision test condition, simple to operate.
Technical solution provided by the invention is:
A kind of children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig, including:
Door trolley;And
First track, the door trolley is arranged on first track, and can be axially moved along first track;
Second track is fixed on the door trolley, second track and first parallel track;
Seat trolley is arranged on second track, and can be axially moved along second track, the seat
Trolley is used for fixing child seat;
Car door is simulated, one end is fixedly connected with the door trolley, the other end and the children's seat gap setting;
Energy-absorbing material is fixed at the seat trolley and simulates on the door trolley between car door.
Preferably, further include trolley piston actuator, be arranged in door trolley side, for pushing the door platform
Vehicle is axially moved along first track.
Preferably, the energy-absorbing material is cuboid, and is axially arranged along second track, and the energy-absorbing material leans on
It is provided with rectangular preiection in the middle part of nearly seat trolley side.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of children's seat trolley side collision test methods, including:
Step 1:Child dummy is placed on children's seat, trolley is accelerated on the door, makes seat trolley and energy-absorbing
Material, wherein
The acceleration of the door trolley meets:
The speed of the door trolley meets:
The displacement of the door trolley meets:
In formula, the door trolley initial motion moment is-T, and the seat trolley is with the energy-absorbing material initial contact moment
Collide 0 moment, Ad(t) it is the acceleration of door trolley, Vd(t) it is the speed of door trolley, Dd(t) it is the displacement of door trolley, when t is
It carves, A is amplitude;
Step 2:After seat trolley is contacted with energy-absorbing material, door trolley starts constant motion, until door trolley and seat station
Vehicle it is opposing stationary when, collision process terminates;
Step 3:In collision process, obtain child dummy head, chest three-dimensional acceleration and head displacement.
Preferably, in the step 2:
The door trolley constant velocity time is:
0≤t≤0.070s;
The speed of the door trolley meets:
Vd(t)=6.813 0≤t≤0.070;
Wherein, AT=10.701.
Preferably, the relative velocity Δ Vt (t) of the door trolley and seat trolley meets:
Preferably,
The face area S of the rectangular preiection of the energy-absorbing material side1Meet:
The face area S of the energy-absorbing material other side2Meet:
Wherein,X (t) is the decrement of energy-absorbing material,For the decrement pair of energy-absorbing material
The first derivative of time,For energy-absorbing material decrement to the second dervative of time, Ds(t) it is the displacement of seat trolley,For the speed of seat trolley,For the acceleration of seat trolley, k is that energy-absorbing material unit area air spring is equivalent
Stiffness coefficient, c are energy-absorbing material unit area Equivalent damping coefficient, and σ is the quiet crushing strength of energy-absorbing material, and m is seat trolley
Quality.
Preferably, the length of the energy-absorbing material side protrusion meets:L1=x (0.017);The energy-absorbing material it is total
Length meets:Wherein, η is the maximum compression ratio of energy-absorbing material,
Preferably, the A=214, T=0.050.
Preferably, the distance of the raised end face of the seat trolley and energy-absorbing material is 170mm.
Advantageous effect of the present invention:
(1) children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig of the present invention, can on the door trolley and seat trolley into
The double motion controls of row, realize the accurate simulation of children's seat side collision.
(2) children's seat trolley side collision test method of the present invention, the accelerator of trolley is using just on the door
String wave function controls, and realizes the speed difference of car door and children's seat collision zero moment.Using the shape control of variable cross-section energy-absorbing material
Car door speed and the function of time curve of children's seat speed difference are tested with meeting children's seat side collision in collision process processed
It is required that and by acquisition child dummy head, the injury index of chest and head propulsion amount to judge children's seat side
Face collision safety performance, it is simple to operate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is ECE R129 test speeds waveform requirements of the present invention and present invention control velocity wave form curve signal
Figure.
Fig. 3 is the kinetic model schematic diagram of seat trolley of the present invention and energy-absorbing material.
Fig. 4 is the acceleration input curve of trolley equipment of the present invention (i.e. trolley piston actuator).
Fig. 5 is the appearance and size of energy-absorbing material of the present invention (honeycomb aluminum).
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig, including:Door trolley 110;
And the first track (not shown), the door trolley 110 are arranged on first track, and can be along first rail
Road is axially moved;Second track (not shown) is fixed on the door trolley 110, second track and institute
State the first parallel track;Seat trolley 120 is arranged on second track, and can axially be transported along second track
Dynamic, the seat trolley 120 is used for fixing child seat 130;Car door 140 is simulated, one end is fixed with the door trolley 110 to be connected
It connects, the other end and 130 gap setting of the children's seat, the simulation car door 140 has to be adjusted axially along second track
Function, that is, adjust simulation car door 140 and seat trolley 120 distance;Energy-absorbing material 150, section-variable, fixed setting
On door trolley between the seat trolley 120 and simulation car door 140.It is required in 0 moment door-plate of collision according to ECE R129
Side and seat rack center line distance adjust the installation site of simulation car door 140 from 350mm, ensure D in Fig. 12-D1=350mm.
Further include trolley piston actuator 160 in the present embodiment, is arranged in 110 side of door trolley, for pushing
The door trolley 110 is axially moved along first track.
In the present embodiment, the energy-absorbing material 150 is cuboid, and is axially arranged along second track, the energy-absorbing
Material 150 is provided with rectangular preiection close to 120 1 middle side part of seat trolley.Staged variable cross-section is used to accumulate in order to realize
Mode realize different percentage speed variations.In the present embodiment, the energy-absorbing material is honeycomb aluminum.
Children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig of the present invention, being capable of trolley and the progress pair of seat trolley on the door
The accurate simulation of children's seat side collision is realized in motion control.
The present invention also provides a kind of children's seat trolley side collision test methods, including:
Step 1:Child dummy is placed on children's seat, trolley piston actuator pushes door trolley to accelerate, at this time
Seat trolley is in free movement state on the second sliding rail, ignores sliding rail friction, relatively face is static for seat trolley, door trolley
On energy-absorbing material and seat trolley impingement area between space D1It constantly reduces, works as D1When=0, door trolley is sent out with seat trolley
Raw collision, is defined as 0 moment of collision at this time, i.e. t=0, trace back to forward at the time of piston actuator starts to push door trolley for-
T (T > 0), wherein
The acceleration of the door trolley meets:
The speed of the door trolley meets:
The displacement of the door trolley meets:
Wherein, Ad(t) it is the acceleration of door trolley, Vd(t) it is the speed of door trolley, Dd(t) it is the displacement of door trolley, t is
Moment, A are amplitude;
Step 2:Trolley piston actuator continues to press on a trolley, and keeps constant speed, energy-absorbing material crumple energy-absorbing, seat station
Vehicle stress simultaneously constantly accelerates, and door trolley is constantly reduced with seat trolley relative velocity, until the two relative velocity is 0, collision process
Terminate.
Step 3:In collision process, by acquisition mounted on child dummy head and the number of chest acceleration transducer
According to, calculate obtain child dummy head, chest three-dimensional acceleration and head displacement, and (i.e. according to corresponding testing standard
Standard limited value) to judge protecting effect of the children's seat to child passenger.
The movement of door trolley is controlled by trolley equipment;The relative motion relation of two trolleys is burst by specific energy-absorbing material
Retraction row control.It is first depending on ECE R129 children's seat side collision test waveform requirements and chooses control targe.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, since colliding for 0 moment, until in 0.070s collision overall processes, the rate request of car door is maintained at 6.375m/s to 7.250m/
Between s;Car door and seat relative velocity curve are maintained within bound constraints shown in solid, and car door and seat reach phase
To it is static at the time of in 60ms between 70ms.
Control targe is set as the intermediate value of upper lower limit value by the present invention, i.e. car door speed (m/s) object function is:
Vtd(t)=6.813, (0≤t≤0.070) --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- -- (1)
The object function of car door-seat (i.e. seat trolley) relative velocity (m/s) is:
The Waveform Input of trolley piston actuator is determined below according to the control targe of the present invention:
The movement of door trolley is controlled by trolley equipment, by door trolley acceleration wave shape function, determines trolley piston start
The Acceleration pulse of device inputs.
Door table system boost phase (-- T≤t≤0), start to accelerate the moment to be-T, using semisinusoidal Acceleration pulse:Utilize boundary condition Vd(- T)=0, integral can obtain velocity function:It is 0 to define 0 moment door table system position, therefore has side
Boundary condition Dd(0)=0, quadratic integral can obtain displacement function:
Control targe relational expression (1) according to the present invention, Prescribed Properties:Vd(0)=Vtd(0)=6.813m/s, solves:
AT=10.701m/s.
In the present embodiment, in conjunction with trolley equipment performance, A=214.0m/s is chosen2, T=0.050s.
Door trolley constant rate period (0≤t≤0.070), door table system velocity function are Vd(t)=Vtd(t)=6.813,
(0≤t≤0.070), derivation can obtain the input of door trolley Acceleration pulse and be:Ad(t)=0, (0≤t≤0.070), utilizes boundary
Condition Dd(0)=0 integral can obtain displacement function Dd(t)=6.813t, (0≤t≤0.070).
To sum up, trolley equipment Acceleration input waveform (as shown in Figure 4) can be obtained and speed, displacement function are:
In Fig. 1, the distance between seat trolley and energy-absorbing material D1It is the acceleration distance reserved to door trolley, door trolley fortune
Known to dynamic equation;Seat trolley is free state in (- T≤t≤0) segment, ignores sliding rail friction, seat trolley relatively face
It is static.Therefore,
Control targe relational expression (2) according to the present invention, the mesh of car door-seat (i.e. seat trolley) relative velocity (m/s)
Scalar functions are:
Seat trolley accelerates in (0≤t≤0.065) segment stress, by relative velocity object function (2) it is found that (0≤t
≤ 0.017) period relative velocity change rate is -58.333m/s2, (0.017≤t≤0.065) relative velocity change rate be-
120.619m/s2.Honeycomb aluminum is chosen as energy-absorbing material, conveniently, being realized not by the way of staged variable cross-section product
Same percentage speed variation.It is S to enable leading portion honeycomb aluminum (i.e. the protrusion of side) active area1, -58.333m/s is provided2Velocity variations
Active force needed for rate;Back segment honeycomb aluminum active area is s2, -120.619m/s is provided2Active force needed for percentage speed variation;Then may be used
Honeycomb aluminum sectional area is considered as the function of time:
It is determined to meet the honeycomb aluminum appearance and size of collision waveform below by kinetic model operation.
When honeycomb aluminum quasistatic compression, an approximate constant force can be exported, force value size is only related with honeycomb aluminum sectional area, but
Be during high velocity impact crumple, since air will produce the effect of similar air spring in moment is compressed in its honeycomb,
Therefore there are spring rates and damping.Kinetic model is established according to this as shown in figure 3, door trolley is input terminal, and position function is
Dd(t), first derivative is door table system velocity functionIts second order is led as door trolley acceleration letter good horseSeat trolley is the output end of model, quality m, position function Ds(t), first derivative is seat
Table system velocity functionIts second order is led as its acceleration functionHoneycomb aluminum is equivalent just
Degree coefficient is K, and system damping coefficient is C, and the constant force F that honeycomb aluminum provides, the above parameter is related to honeycomb aluminum sectional area, enables K
=kS (t), C=cS (t), F=σ S (t), wherein k are honeycomb aluminum unit area air spring equivalent stiffness coefficients, and c is
Honeycomb aluminum unit area Equivalent damping coefficient, σ are the quiet crushing strength of honeycomb aluminum.
According to geometrical relationship and mechanics principle, the following differential equation can be established:
It is function of time x (t) to enable honeycomb aluminum decrement, then x (t)=Dd-Ds, Boundary condition is added simultaneously, therefore the differential equation (8) can be converted into:
By the form of Solutions of Ordinary Differential Equations it is found that its solution can not possibly be polynomial form, i.e.,Speed change cannot be equal to
Change amount object function (2), can only approach as possible, while ensure that it meets limit value constraint requirements.
Numerical solution model is established using computer technology, with s1And s2To input, withWithFor output, using goal seek, can must makeS1;Equally
Method can must makeS2。
Pass throughIt asks
Solve s1And s2。
It can get the relative velocity curve for meeting the requirements (Fig. 2).The value of the x at reading 0.017s time points, i.e. x (0.017),
Indicate that (0≤t≤0.017) period honeycomb aluminum decrement and sectional area are s1Honeycomb aluminum axial length L1.Read limitDrop
Time down to 0 and the finish time of being defined as tend, i.e.,Read the value of the x of finish time, i.e. x (tend), table
Show the total compression amount L of entire collision process honeycomb aluminum.
Honeycomb aluminum has maximum compression ratio η, will no longer stablize more than its crushing strength of maximum compression ratio σ, therefore honeycomb aluminum
Total length answers long enough, meetsTo sum up, honeycomb aluminum sectional area s1Partial axial length is L1=x
(0.017), honeycomb aluminum sectional area is S2Partial axial length isHoneycomb aluminum appearance and size is such as
Shown in Fig. 5.
In the present embodiment, m=160kg, σ=8.8 × 105Pa, k=1.32 × 106N·m-3, c=1.06 × 104N·s·
m-3, η=80% can obtain S using above method1=9.36 × 10-3m2, S2=1.81 × 10-2m2, L1=104mm, L >=
308mm retains certain allowance and considers honeycomb aluminum processing and forming technology, chooses L=350mm, then L2=246mm.
Children's seat trolley side collision test method of the present invention, the accelerator of trolley is using sine wave on the door
Function controls, and realizes the speed difference of car door and children's seat collision zero moment.It is touched using the shape control of variable cross-section energy-absorbing material
The function of time curve of car door speed and children's seat speed difference to be to meet children's seat side collision test request during hitting,
And by acquisition child dummy head, the injury index of chest and head propulsion amount to judge children's seat side collision
Security performance, it is simple to operate.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig, which is characterized in that including:
Door trolley;And
First track, the door trolley is arranged on first track, and can be axially moved along first track;
Second track is fixed on the door trolley, second track and first parallel track;
Seat trolley is arranged on second track, and can be axially moved along second track, the seat trolley
For fixing child seat;
Car door is simulated, one end is fixedly connected with the door trolley, the other end and the children's seat gap setting;
Energy-absorbing material is fixed at the seat trolley and simulates on the door trolley between car door.
2. children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include trolley piston
Actuator is arranged in door trolley side, for pushing the door trolley to be axially moved along first track.
3. children's seat trolley side collision experimental rig as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the energy-absorbing material
Material is cuboid, and is axially arranged along second track, and the energy-absorbing material is arranged in the middle part of seat trolley side
There is rectangular preiection.
4. a kind of children's seat trolley side collision test method, which is characterized in that including:
Step 1:Child dummy is placed on children's seat, trolley is accelerated on the door, makes seat trolley and energy-absorbing material
Contact, wherein
The acceleration of the door trolley meets:
The speed of the door trolley meets:
The displacement of the door trolley meets:
In formula, the door trolley initial motion moment is-T, and the seat trolley is collision 0 with the energy-absorbing material initial contact moment
Moment, Ad(t) it is the acceleration of door trolley, Vd(t) it is the speed of door trolley, Dd(t) it is the displacement of door trolley, t is the moment, and A is
Amplitude;
Step 2:After seat trolley is contacted with energy-absorbing material, door trolley starts constant motion, until door trolley and seat trolley
When opposing stationary, collision process terminates;
Step 3:In collision process, obtain child dummy head, chest three-dimensional acceleration and head displacement.
5. children's seat trolley side collision test method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that in the step 2:
The door trolley constant motion time is:
0≤t≤0.070s;
The speed of the door trolley meets:
Vd(t)=6.8130≤t≤0.070;
Wherein, AT=10.701.
6. children's seat trolley side collision test method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the door trolley and seat
The relative velocity Δ Vt (t) of chair trolley meets:
7. children's seat trolley side collision test method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that
The face area S of the rectangular preiection of the energy-absorbing material side1Meet:
The face area S of the energy-absorbing material other side2Meet:
Wherein,X (t) is the decrement of energy-absorbing material,For energy-absorbing material decrement to the time
First derivative,For energy-absorbing material decrement to the second dervative of time, Ds(t) it is the displacement of seat trolley,
For the speed of seat trolley,For the acceleration of seat trolley, k is energy-absorbing material unit area air spring equivalent stiffness
Coefficient, c are energy-absorbing material unit area Equivalent damping coefficient, and σ is the quiet crushing strength of energy-absorbing material, and m is the quality of seat trolley.
8. children's seat trolley side collision test method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the energy-absorbing material one
The length of side protrusion meets:L1=x (0.017);The total length of the energy-absorbing material meets:Its
In, η is the maximum compression ratio of energy-absorbing material,
9. the children's seat trolley side collision test method as described in any one of claim 5-8, which is characterized in that institute
State A=214, T=0.050.
10. children's seat trolley side collision test method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the seat trolley
Distance with the raised end face of energy-absorbing material is 170mm.
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Cited By (2)
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CN110285979A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-27 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | A kind of Collision of Flank Pole sled test method and its parameter extracting method |
CN110361200A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-22 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | A kind of trolley of simulated automotive Collision of Flank Pole is realized and parameter acquiring method |
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CN110361200B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2021-11-05 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | Trolley implementation and parameter acquisition method for simulating automobile side column collision |
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