Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of multifunctional simulation analytical method and movable counterguard of car crass, and it is single to solve existing collision simulation technological use, can not be common to the technical matters of different crash standards.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of multifunctional simulation analytical method of car crass, its characteristics are, comprise: set up the movable counterguard model, vehicle frame with movable counterguard, tire, installing plate is defined as the rigid body that does not deform with relative displacement, on movable counterguard, the modelling of following honeycomb energy absorbent block is on described installing plate, and the relative dimensions of described movable counterguard is set to concrete model parameter, the vehicle parameter correspondence of actual vehicle is brought in the model parameter of described movable counterguard, thereby utilizes the described vehicle to be measured of described movable counterguard emulation to carry out the various crash tests analyses of vehicle.
Above-mentioned multifunctional simulation analytical method, its characteristics are, specifically comprise the steps:
Step 1, the vehicle frame of setting up movable counterguard, tire, installing plate model are defined as described vehicle frame, tire, installing plate and do not deform and the rigid body of relative displacement, and the relative dimensions of movable counterguard is set to concrete dimension model parameter;
Step 2, set up the upper and lower honeycomb energy absorbent block model of movable counterguard, the relative dimensions of energy absorbent block is set to the energy absorbent block model parameter;
The quality of step 3, movable counterguard and centroid position are set to quality model parameter and barycenter model parameter;
The contact relation of step 4, definition honeycomb energy absorbent block and the friction factor of each surface of contact;
Each model parameter of step 5, corresponding described movable counterguard is measured the actual vehicle parameter of vehicle to be measured, described actual vehicle parameter correspondence is brought into each model parameter of described movable counterguard, thereby utilizes the described vehicle to be measured of described movable counterguard emulation to carry out the various crash tests analyses of vehicle.
Above-mentioned multifunctional simulation analytical method, its characteristics are, after described step 4, also comprise: define described honeycomb energy absorbent block and be mounted on the installed surface for adopting no quality spot welding, check contact definition automatically, prevent the unit and interfere or occur negative mass.
Above-mentioned multifunctional simulation analytical method, its characteristics are that described dimension model parameter comprises: the length of the length and width of vehicle frame, wheel base, wheelbase, diameter of tyres and installing plate and wide.
Above-mentioned multifunctional simulation analytical method, its characteristics are that described energy absorbent block model parameter comprises: the rigidity of the length and width of energy absorbent block, last honeycomb energy absorbent block thickness, following honeycomb energy absorbent block thickness, unit size and honeycomb energy absorbent block.
Above-mentioned multifunctional simulation analytical method, its characteristics are, described crash tests analysis is an European ECE R95 standard automobile side rules impact simulation l-G simulation test, specifically comprise: from described dimension model parameter, the energy absorbent block model parameter, the model parameter of selecting this European standard to need in quality model parameter and the barycenter model parameter is input in the test module of this European standard, and further import the position of collision of movable counterguard, collision height and impact velocity, obtain every index that crash acceleration and people are hurt according to the output result of the test module of this European standard, thereby analyze the automobile side impact performance.
Above-mentioned multifunctional simulation analytical method, its characteristics are, described crash tests analysis is U.S. FMVSS 214 standard automobile side rules impact simulation l-G simulation tests, specifically comprise: from described dimension model parameter, the energy absorbent block model parameter, the model parameter of selecting this Unite States Standard (USS) to need in quality model parameter and the barycenter model parameter is input in the test module of this Unite States Standard (USS), and further import the position of collision of movable counterguard, collision height and impact velocity, the contact gap of definition and input movable counterguard and automobile impacting face, obtain every index that crash acceleration and people are hurt according to the output result of the test module of this Unite States Standard (USS), thereby analyze the automobile side impact performance.
Above-mentioned multifunctional simulation analytical method, its characteristics are, described crash tests analysis is the analog simulation test that motor traffic accidents reproduces, specifically comprise: investigate according to motor-vehicle accident, vehicle bumper bar height is defined as the collision height of honeycomb energy absorbent block, defines the rigidity of honeycomb energy absorbent block according to the colliding stiffness of vehicle; Define physical dimension, quality and the centroid position of movable counterguard according to the concrete measurement data of vehicle; Vehicle is investigated position of collision, collision angle, collision course and the impact velocity of definition movable counterguard according to the scene of the accident; Parameter defined above is input in the test module,, analyzes the reason that automobile collision accident takes place, analyze the injured reason of occupant according to the output result of test module.
In order better to realize purpose of the present invention, the movable counterguard that the present invention also provides a kind of multifunction emulation that is used for car crass to analyze, its characteristics are, comprise vehicle frame, be installed in described vehicle frame tire, be installed in the installing plate of described vehicle frame front end and be installed in upper and lower honeycomb energy absorbent block on the described installing plate; The vehicle frame of the modeler model of described movable counterguard, tire, installing plate are defined as and do not deform and the rigid body of relative displacement, with the modelling of the upper and lower honeycomb energy absorbent block of movable counterguard on described installing plate, and the relative dimensions of described movable counterguard is set to concrete model parameter, the vehicle parameter correspondence of actual vehicle is brought in the model parameter of described movable counterguard, thereby utilizes the described vehicle to be measured of described movable counterguard emulation to carry out the various crash tests analyses of vehicle.
Technique effect of the present invention is: the present invention can improve computational accuracy and analyze reliability in the middle of the impact simulation simulation analysis calculates, and improve and calculate convergence and shorten computing time, help definition contact, can prevent from the middle of the impact simulation simulation analysis calculates, to occur crashing or withdraw from phenomenon such as calculating.The multi-functional movable counterguard that vehicle collision simulation of the present invention is analyzed can use as the collision chassis of multiple automobile side rules impact simulation l-G simulation test, can use as the vehicle that the analog simulation that motor traffic accidents reproduces is tested again.The present invention has huge meaning to improving China's automobile independent research and development capacity.
Further specify specific embodiment of the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Multi-functional movable counterguard and modeling method that vehicle collision simulation of the present invention is analyzed are developed as platform with copyrighted softwares such as Ls-Dyna, Hypermesh.In the middle of modeling process, the rigidity of the centre of gravity place of movable counterguard, quality, collision angle, impact velocity, honeycomb energy absorbent block is all carried out the parametrization design, purposes input corresponding data according to movable counterguard can directly enter software program and calculate corresponding results.The present invention can improve computational accuracy and analyze reliability in the middle of the impact simulation simulation analysis calculates, and improve and calculate convergence and shorten computing time, help definition contact, can prevent from the middle of the impact simulation simulation analysis calculates, to occur crashing or withdraw from phenomenon such as calculating.Along with developing rapidly and national pay attention to day by day to the automobile independent research of China's automobile industry, the present invention has huge meaning to improving China's automobile independent research and development capacity.The multi-functional movable counterguard that vehicle collision simulation is analyzed can use as the collision chassis of multiple automobile side rules impact simulation l-G simulation test, can use as the vehicle that the analog simulation that motor traffic accidents reproduces is tested again.
Fig. 1 is modeling of the present invention and uses schematic flow sheet.As shown in the figure, the multifunctional simulation analytical method of car crass of the present invention specifically to set up the model process as follows:
Step 101, set up vehicle frame, tire, installing plate model, the design of employing parametrization, all be set to concrete parameter with vehicle frame length and width, wheel base, wheelbase, diameter of tyres, installing plate are long and wide, vehicle frame, tire, installing plate are defined as rigid body, promptly in collision process, do not deform and move with relative position.
Step 102, set up honeycomb energy absorbent block model up and down, adopt cellular material to set up, up and down honeycomb energy absorbent block model length and width, go up honeycomb energy absorbent block thickness, the rigidity of honeycomb energy absorbent block thickness, unit size and honeycomb energy absorbent block is set to correlation parameter down.
The quality and the centroid position of step 103, movable counterguard are set to correlation parameter.
The contact relation of step 104, definition honeycomb energy absorbent block is contact face-to-face, and the honeycomb energy absorbent block is installed on the installed surface, adopts no quality spot welding to connect.
Step 105, inspection contact definition automatically prevents the unit and interferes or occur negative mass.
The friction factor of step 106, definition material behavior and each surface of contact, the coefficient of sliding friction on wheel and ground, honeycomb energy absorbent block and car body friction factor are set to correlation parameter.
Step 107, utilize described movable counterguard emulation vehicle to be measured to carry out the various crash tests analyses of vehicle.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet that the present invention does multiple automobile side rules impact simulation l-G simulation test; As shown in the figure, described movable counterguard is done the side collision analog simulation test of European ECE R95 standard or U.S. FMVSS 214 standards or China, and concrete use is as follows:
Step 201, according to the specific requirement of the side collision standard of selected European ECE R95 standard or U.S. FMVSS 214 standards or China, the length and width of input movable counterguard, wheel base, wheelbase, diameter of tyres, installing plate is long and wide; According to the specific requirement of selected standard rules, input is length and width, thickness and the unit size of honeycomb energy absorbent block up and down.
Step 202, according to the specific requirement of selected standard, the position of collision of input movable counterguard, collision height and impact velocity.
The contact gap of step 203, definition movable counterguard and automobile impacting face.
Step 204, enter and carry out analog simulation test in the Ls-Dyna software, the result obtains crash acceleration according to output, and every index that the people is hurt is analyzed the automobile side impact performance.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet that the present invention does the analog simulation test of motor traffic accidents reproduction; As shown in the figure, movable counterguard uses as the vehicle of the analog simulation test that motor traffic accidents reproduces, and concrete use is as follows:
Step 301, according to motor-vehicle accident investigation, with the collision height H of vehicle bumper bar height definition honeycomb energy absorbent block, and define the rigidity k of honeycomb energy absorbent block according to the colliding stiffness of vehicle.
Step 302, according to motor-vehicle accident investigation, with the concrete measurement data of vehicle define movable counterguard physical dimension, mass M and centroid position (X, Y, Z).
Step 303, vehicle is investigated position of collision, collision angle, collision course and the impact velocity V of definition movable counterguard according to the scene of the accident.
Step 304, enter and carry out analog simulation test in the Ls-Dyna software,, analyze the reason that automobile collision accident takes place, analyze the injured reason of occupant according to the output result.
The following automobile collision accident together that takes place according to certain crossroad identifies whether concrete consideration collision vehicle drives over the speed limit, and the impact velocity of vehicle is identified, so that divide accident responsibility, and specialize Fig. 3 flow process as follows:
1) at first the traffic police carries out factual survey to the scene of the accident, calculate the impact velocity of vehicle according to the momentum conservation formula, but both sides produces dispute to impact velocity, and the method that adopts automobile collision accident to reproduce the analog simulation analysis is identified
2) according to the vehicle size of vehicle, vehicle is simplified to the collision chassis, setting the vehicle commander is 4.8 meters, and wide 1.8 meters, high 1.65 meters, weight is 1.6 tons.
3) according to the motor-vehicle accident investigation, vehicle bumper bar height is defined the collision height H of honeycomb energy absorbent block, and define the rigidity k of honeycomb energy absorbent block according to the colliding stiffness of vehicle.
4) according to motor-vehicle accident investigation, with the concrete measurement data of vehicle define movable counterguard physical dimension, quality and centroid position (X, Y, Z).
5) according to the scene of the accident vehicle is investigated, position of collision, collision angle, the collision course of definition movable counterguard, the speed V that calculates according to the momentum conservation formula is as the impact velocity of vehicle again.
6) set up by the model of vehicle impact.
7) enter and carry out analog simulation test in the Ls-Dyna software,, analyze the reason that automobile collision accident takes place, analyze the injured reason of occupant according to the output result.
Below, specialize Fig. 3 flow process as follows again according to the automobile collision accident together of certain crossroad generation:
Utilize this method to identify, whether concrete consideration collision vehicle drives over the speed limit, and whether both sides driver drives in violation of rules and regulations, and the impact velocity of vehicle is identified, so that divide accident responsibility, and specific as follows:
1) at first the traffic police reconnoitres the scene of the accident, measures brake slide mark distance, and collision angle calculates the impact velocity of both sides' vehicle according to the momentum conservation formula, and the foundation of dividing as accident responsibility.But both sides produce dispute to impact velocity, and the method that adopts automobile collision accident to reproduce the analog simulation analysis is identified.
2) according to the vehicle size of vehicle truck, because have only its anterior slight deformation, and any distortion does not take place in the vehicle body other parts, truck can be simplified to the collision chassis, and setting the truck quality is 16 tons (comprising cargo mass).
3) according to the motor-vehicle accident prospecting results, collision height H with truck bumper bar height definition honeycomb energy absorbent block is set to 0.6 meter, and collision width is set to 2.4 meters, and define the rigidity k of honeycomb energy absorbent block according to the colliding stiffness of truck forward safety bar, be set to 200KN/m (thousand Ns every meter).
4) according to motor-vehicle accident investigation, the concrete measurement data of vehicle truck is defined the centroid position of movable counterguard, and (X, Y Z), are set to (6,0,1.6).
5) according to the scene of the accident vehicle is reconnoitred, position of collision, collision angle, the collision course of definition movable counterguard, the speed V that calculates according to the momentum conservation formula is set to the impact velocity of 20m/s (72 kilometers per hour) as the vehicle truck again.
6) set up by the model of vehicle impact micro-bus, the input collision angle is 105 degree, and impact velocity is 15m/s (54 kilometers per hour).
7) the definition contact type is contact face-to-face automatically, prevents the unit and interferes or occur negative mass; The friction factor of definition material behavior and each surface of contact is set to 0.2; The coefficient of sliding friction with wheel and ground is set to 0.25; Honeycomb energy absorbent block and car body friction factor are set to 0.18.
8) enter and carry out analog simulation test in the Ls-Dyna software,, compare repeatedly, draw analysis result according to the output result and the actual traffic scene of the accident according to the output result.
9) repeat to do impact test several times again, speed setting is several limiting cases, analyzes in these several results in particular cases, contrasts repeatedly with the scene of the accident.
10) according to analysis result, think that truck drives over the speed limit, truck is taken the main responsibility.
Fig. 4 is multi-functional movable counterguard model structure synoptic diagram, Fig. 5 is honeycomb energy absorbent block and the following honeycomb energy absorbent block structural representation gone up of the present invention, Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of the present invention before automobile side rules impact simulation l-G simulation test calculates, Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of the present invention after automobile side rules impact simulation l-G simulation test calculates, and Fig. 8 is the present invention reproduces the analog simulation test at automobile collision accident a synoptic diagram.
As figure, vehicle frame 11 among the present invention, tire 12, installing plate 13 are defined as rigid body, in collision process, do not deform, tire 12 is fixed on the both sides of vehicle frame 11, installing plate 13 is fixed on the front end of vehicle frame 11, and vehicle frame 11, tire 12, installing plate 13 are coupled as one, and the relative displacement between the three does not take place in collision process, and the friction factor on tire 12 and ground is defined as the coefficient of rolling friction on tire 12 and ground.Last honeycomb energy absorbent block 14 and following honeycomb energy absorbent block 15 are made up of three little energy absorbent block splicings respectively, are fixed on installing plate 13 front ends.In the middle of Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 automobile side impact l-G simulation test process, last honeycomb energy absorbent block 14 contacts with the definition of test vehicle 41 sides face-to-face with following honeycomb energy absorbent block 15, and plastic yield takes place in last honeycomb energy absorbent block 14 and following honeycomb energy absorbent block 15, the absorption portion collision energy, and vehicle frame 11, tire 12, installing plate 13 do not deform.The present invention is in the automobile side impact simulation analysis of Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, because the grid cell size that goes up honeycomb energy absorbent block 14 and following honeycomb energy absorbent block 15 has improved the precision and the numerical reliability of simulation analysis less than 10mm; The grid cell size of non-deforming region is bigger, has saved unit number, can improve and calculate convergence and shorten computing time.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used for limiting practical range of the present invention; Every equivalence of being done according to invention changes and revises, and all the claim of being invented is contained.