CN106371201B - Based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system and method for calculating ghost imaging - Google Patents
Based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system and method for calculating ghost imaging Download PDFInfo
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- CN106371201B CN106371201B CN201610960008.1A CN201610960008A CN106371201B CN 106371201 B CN106371201 B CN 106371201B CN 201610960008 A CN201610960008 A CN 201610960008A CN 106371201 B CN106371201 B CN 106371201B
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/36—Microscopes arranged for photographic purposes or projection purposes or digital imaging or video purposes including associated control and data processing arrangements
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Abstract
The present invention propose it is a kind of based on calculate ghost imaging Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system and method, system include：Spatial filter；Spatial light modulator；Image-forming module；High speed photosensitive array；Processing module calculates the image of each single pixel detector corresponding position, and as the low-resolution image illuminated as the slant plane wave of light source using the single pixel detector；Computing module, for carrying out Fourier transformation to low-resolution image, obtain frequency spectrum corresponding to target full resolution pricture the incident angle and object lens numerical aperture move and low-pass filtering, the relevant part of the spectrum overlapping of low-resolution image is spliced, the frequency spectrum of target high-resolution image is obtained, and target high-resolution image is obtained using Phase Retrieve Algorithm.The present invention can improve the Image Acquisition efficiency of entire imaging system, and realize the measurement of the more wide spectrum than usual array-type sensor, and realize that the compression of image is rebuild, and improve the rate of single imaging.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to optical engineering technical field, more particularly to a kind of based on the Fourier's overlapping associations for calculating ghost imaging
Imaging system and method.
Background technology
The space-bandwidth product that the handling capacity of conventional imaging systems (such as microscope) is usually limited by its optical imagery
Limitation.Space-bandwidth product refers to that the quantity for the degree of freedom that optical system can be extracted from optical signalling (is often referred to distinguishable
Pixel quantity).Therefore, conventional imaging systems can not usually directly obtain the image of wide visual field, high spatial resolution.And exist at present
Life science and biologic medical field are clearly observed individual cells and are observed as far as possible under the same visual field more thin
Born of the same parents have become active demand, therefore, improve the space-bandwidth product of imaging system to realize wide visual field, high spatial resolution images
Acquisition become wherein key technology bottleneck.
The usual thinking for improving the space-bandwidth product of imaging system includes mechanical scanning method and nothing based on synthetic aperture
Lens method.But the mechanical scanning method based on synthetic aperture needs the control accuracy of accurate mechanical structure guarantee system,
To reach expected space-bandwidth product, and optical alignment and motion tracking make imaging process become complicated and slow；It is all
If there is also certain limitations for digital in-line holographic and the micro- no lens imaging method of contact imaging, for example, number is coaxial complete
Breath can not be imaged continuous sample well, and contact imaging is micro- to require the close enough sensor of sample.
Invention content
The present invention is directed at least solve one of above-mentioned technical problem.
For this purpose, being imaged system based on the Fourier's overlapping associations for calculating ghost imaging an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of
System, which can improve the Image Acquisition efficiency of entire imaging system, and realize the more wide spectrum than usual array-type sensor
Measurement, and realize image compression rebuild, improve single imaging rate.
It is a kind of based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging it is another object of the present invention to propose.
To achieve the goals above, the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention discloses a kind of based on Fu for calculating ghost imaging
In leaf overlapping associations imaging system, including：Spatial filter, the spatial filter are used to generate the collimation of uniform spatial distribution
Gaussian beam；Spatial light modulator, the spatial light modulator are used to carry out spatial modulation to the Collimated Gaussian Beam, with
Structure light to space encoding is shone；Image-forming module, the image-forming module are used to shine the structure light of the space encoding and be incident upon
On imaging surface, and with imaging sample contact；The transmission plane in imaging sample is arranged in high speed photosensitive array, the high speed photosensitive array
Or reflecting surface, the field strength of light field after sample is imaged for receiving different directions；Processing module, the processing module are used for basis
The image that the principle that ghost is imaged calculates each single pixel detector corresponding position of high speed photosensitive array is calculated, and as with this
Single pixel detector is the low-resolution image that the slant plane wave of light source illuminates；Computing module, the computing module for pair
The low-resolution image of different directions slant plane wave illumination carries out Fourier transformation, obtains corresponding to target full resolution pricture
Frequency spectrum the incident angle and object lens numerical aperture move and low-pass filtering, by the spectrum overlapping of the low-resolution image
Relevant part is spliced, and obtains the frequency spectrum of target high-resolution image, and obtain target high score using Phase Retrieve Algorithm
Resolution image.
Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention based on calculating ghost imaging has following excellent
Point：
1, realize that the image of different inclination angle illumination acquires simultaneously, avoid in FPM systems acquire every time can only there are one
Or the limitation that a few light emitting diode is lighted, improve the Image Acquisition efficiency of entire imaging system；
2, single pixel detector has broader spectral coverage, can realize the survey of the more wide spectrum than usual array-type sensor
Amount；
3, using the thinking for calculating ghost imaging, specific coding can be carried out to structure light, if sinusoidal coding or Hadamard encode,
The compression that image may be implemented is rebuild, and the rate of single imaging is improved.
In addition, it is according to the above embodiment of the present invention based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging, also
There can be following additional technical characteristic：
In some instances, the spatial filter includes：Object lens, pin hole, collimation lens and optical adjusting frame, translation
Platform, wherein the pin hole is located at the focal point of the object lens, for filtering out the uneven stray light of high order, generates spatial distribution
Uniform Gaussian beam passes through the collimation lens later, obtains the Collimated Gaussian Beam, the optical adjusting frame is for solid
The fixed object lens and collimation lens and adjusting device angle, so that outgoing beam is straight, the translation stage is for fixing the needle
Hole, while the spacing between pin hole and object lens is adjusted, to ensure to obtain the height of space uniform distribution in suitable three-dimensional coordinate
This light beam.
In some instances, the spatial light modulator is used for the Collimated Gaussian Beam into the tune of line amplitude or phase
System, the structure light to obtain space encoding are shone.
In some instances, the image-forming module is lens or lens group.
In some instances, the field strength of light field corresponds to different directions slant plane wave after the different directions imaging sample
It is irradiated on imaging sample, in the image of imaging sample front end shooting.
To achieve the goals above, the embodiment of second aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of based in Fu for calculating ghost imaging
Leaf overlapping associations imaging method, includes the following steps：Spatial filter is built, and space point is generated by the spatial filter
The uniform Collimated Gaussian Beam of cloth；Spatial modulation is carried out to the Collimated Gaussian Beam, the structure light to obtain space encoding is shone；
By the structure light of the space encoding according to being incident upon on imaging surface, and with imaging sample contact；It receives different directions and is imaged sample
The field strength of light field afterwards；Each single pixel detector corresponding position of high speed photosensitive array is calculated according to the principle for calculating ghost imaging
Image, and as using the single pixel detector as light source slant plane wave illuminate low-resolution image；To different directions
The low-resolution image of slant plane wave illumination carries out Fourier transformation, obtains the frequency spectrum corresponding to target full resolution pricture at this
The numerical aperture of incident angle and object lens move and low-pass filtering, by the relevant portion of the spectrum overlapping of the low-resolution image
Divide and spliced, obtains the frequency spectrum of target high-resolution image, and target high-resolution image is obtained using Phase Retrieve Algorithm.
Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention based on calculating ghost imaging has following excellent
Point：
1, realize that the image of different inclination angle illumination acquires simultaneously, avoid in FPM systems acquire every time can only there are one
Or the limitation that a few light emitting diode is lighted, improve the Image Acquisition efficiency of entire imaging system；
2, single pixel detector has broader spectral coverage, can realize the survey of the more wide spectrum than usual array-type sensor
Amount；
3, using the thinking for calculating ghost imaging, specific coding can be carried out to structure light, if sinusoidal coding or Hadamard encode,
The compression that image may be implemented is rebuild, and the rate of single imaging is improved.
In addition, it is according to the above embodiment of the present invention based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging, also
There can be following additional technical characteristic：
In some instances, the spatial filter includes：Object lens, pin hole, collimation lens and optical adjusting frame, translation
Platform, wherein the pin hole is located at the focal point of the object lens, for filtering out the uneven stray light of high order, generates spatial distribution
Uniform Gaussian beam passes through the collimation lens later, obtains the Collimated Gaussian Beam, the optical adjusting frame is for solid
The fixed object lens and collimation lens and adjusting device angle, so that outgoing beam is straight, the translation stage is for fixing the needle
Hole, while the spacing between pin hole and object lens is adjusted, to ensure to obtain the height of space uniform distribution in suitable three-dimensional coordinate
This light beam.
In some instances, described that spatial modulation is carried out to the Collimated Gaussian Beam, further comprise：To the collimation
Gaussian beam into line amplitude or phase modulation, with obtain the space encoding structure light shine.
In some instances, the structure light of the space encoding is shone by lens or lens group and is incident upon imaging surface
On.
In some instances, the field strength of light field corresponds to different directions slant plane wave after the different directions imaging sample
It is irradiated on imaging sample, in the image of imaging sample front end shooting.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination following accompanying drawings to embodiment
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the structural frames according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging
Figure；
Fig. 2 is in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging
Experimental principle figure；
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of spatial filter according to an embodiment of the invention；And
Fig. 4 is the flow according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term "center", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is
It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than instruction or dark
Show that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore should not be understood as pair
The limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply opposite
Importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
Can also be electrical connection to be mechanical connection；It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, Ke Yishi
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
It is described below in conjunction with attached drawing according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging for calculating ghost imaging
System and method.
Fig. 1 is the knot according to an embodiment of the invention based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging
Structure block diagram.Fig. 2 is in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging
Experimental principle figure.As shown in Figure 1, and Fig. 2, the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system 100 that should be imaged based on calculating ghost is combined to wrap
It includes：Spatial filter 110, spatial light modulator 120, image-forming module 130, high speed photosensitive array 140, processing module, 150 and meter
Calculate module 160.
Wherein, spatial filter 110 is used to generate clean, uniform spatial distribution Collimated Gaussian Beam.
In one embodiment of the invention, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 3, spatial filter 110 for example including：Object lens, pin hole, standard
Straight lens and optical adjusting frame, translation stage, wherein pin hole is located at the focal point of object lens, uneven spuious for filtering out high order
Light generates the Gaussian beam of uniform spatial distribution, passes through collimation lens later, obtains Collimated Gaussian Beam, and optical adjusting frame is used
In fixed object lens and collimation lens and adjusting device angle, so that outgoing beam is straight, translation stage is adjusted simultaneously for fixing pin hole
Spacing between whole pin hole and object lens, to ensure to obtain the Gaussian beam of space uniform distribution in suitable three-dimensional coordinate.
Spatial light modulator 120 carries out spatial modulation for collimation Gaussian beam, to obtain the structure light of space encoding
According to.Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, spatial light modulator 120 for collimation Gaussian beam into line amplitude or
The modulation of phase, the structure light to obtain space encoding are shone.In other words, spatial light modulator 120 is used for collimation Gauss light
Beam into amplitude or phase modulation, to obtain required light illumination mode.
Image-forming module 130 is used for the structure light of space encoding according to being incident upon imaging surface, and with imaging sample contact.?
In one embodiment of the present of invention, image-forming module 130 is, for example, lens or lens group.In other words, image-forming module 130 is used for
Incident light illumination mode is acted in sample plane, can be lens or lens group, can also direct irradiation exist
On sample, this imaging system vacancy.
Transmission plane or reflecting surface in imaging sample is arranged in high speed photosensitive array 140, for receiving different directions imaging
The field strength of light field after sample.In one embodiment of the invention, the field strength of light field corresponds to not after different directions imaging sample
Equidirectional slant plane wave is irradiated on imaging sample, in the image of imaging sample front end shooting.In other words, the photosensitive battle array of high speed
Row 140 are used to after transmiting or reflect by sample receive the intensity of different angle, reversible according to single pixel imaging optical path
Principle is irradiated to corresponding to different directions slant plane wave on sample, in the image of sample front end shooting.More specifically,
I.e. for the constraint for carrying out modeling and utilizing natural scene sparsity related to light illumination mode of the intensity of each photosensitive element
Compressed sensing imaging is carried out, is radiated on sample corresponding to the slant plane wave generated in the photosensitive element angle, before sample
The seen image in end.
Each single pixel that processing module 150 is used to calculate high speed photosensitive array according to the principle for calculating ghost imaging detects
The image of device corresponding position, and as the low-resolution image illuminated as the slant plane wave of light source using the single pixel detector.
It is shone specifically, spatial light modulator 120 modulates multigroup different structure light, high speed photosensitive array 140 receives corresponding light field
Intensity, then for each single pixel detector of array, processing module 150 calculates corresponding position according to the principle for calculating ghost imaging
The image set, as the low-resolution image illuminated as the slant plane wave of light source using this single pixel detector.In other words,
Processing module 150 is used to obtain each different angles from the correlation of the intensity on each photosensitive element by multiple different light illumination modes
The imaging results of degree are updated as varied illumination inclination angle, low resolution Image Iterative in the overlay region of Fourier spectrum
Domain, to the high-definition picture of the reconstructed sample in a manner of calculating.
Computing module 160 is used to carry out Fourier transformation to the low-resolution image that different directions slant plane wave illuminates,
Obtain frequency spectrum corresponding to target full resolution pricture the incident angle and object lens numerical aperture move and low-pass filtering, will
The relevant part of spectrum overlapping of low-resolution image is spliced, and obtains the frequency spectrum of target high-resolution image, and utilize phase
Bit recovery algorithm obtains target high-resolution image.In other words, Fourier's overlapping associations imaging process, different directions are tilted
Plane wave illumination, low resolution Image Iterative update obtains high after frequency domain is widened in the overlapping region of Fourier spectrum
The frequency spectrum of image in different resolution, finally with the high-definition picture of the algorithm reconstructed sample of phase recovery in a manner of calculating.
In some instances, the system of the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the imaging system of wide scale, from micron order to meter level,
Wherein the imaging system of different scale is realized by adjusting spatial light modulator to the image-forming module between sample.
Further, the imaging system of the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the imaging system of wide spectrum, from Terahertz spectral coverage, red
Outer spectral coverage, visible spectrum, ultraviolet spectral coverage to X-ray spectral coverage, the wherein imaging system of different spectral coverage are suitable for not by replacing
Same high speed photosensitive element is realized.
That is, the system of the embodiment of the present invention includes improving dependent imaging by carrying out code optimization to light illumination mode
The method of imaging rate and image quality in the process.More specifically, the sinusoidal mould of the different space frequency using four-step phase-shifting
Formula illuminates, and leaf frequency spectrum in the low-resolution image of different spaces angle is obtained directly from different photosensitive elements, then carry out
Iteration is updated in the overlapping region of Fourier spectrum, to obtain the frequency spectrum of the high-definition picture after frequency domain is widened.
To sum up, the realization based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging of the above embodiment of the present invention is former
Reason can be summarized as：The system of the present invention generates the spy of displacement according to different directions slant plane wave by Fourier transformation in frequency domain
Property and single pixel imaging there is the reversible characteristic of light path to propose, it is characterised in that build the uniform collimated light beam of light distribution
System, and collimated light beam is incident to the modulation that spatial light modulator carries out incident field amplitude or phase, after obtaining modulation
Light beam by imaging optical system either direct irradiation on imaging sample it is by transmission or to be reflected into high speed photosensitive
Array (single pixel detector array) is carried out while being acquired.The same sample irradiates simultaneously by the light beam of repeatedly known modulating mode
Acquire the corresponding light intensity of each photosensitive element (single pixel detector), using modulating mode it is related to the light intensity of photosensitive element or
The method of person's compressed sensing obtains the imaging results of the angle corresponding to each photosensitive element.There is light according to single pixel imaging
The reversible characteristic in road, each single pixel corresponds to the imaging results of the same sample to be generated not by point source of this single pixel
Equidirectional slant plane wave illuminates the result shot in incident sample front end.Therefore, the low resolution obtained for each single pixel
The image of rate is equivalent to frequency spectrum of the target high-resolution image under corresponding incident angle within the scope of some in frequency spectrum.All lists
Frequency spectrum at spectrogram representation different angle i.e. frequency domain difference the translation position of the image of pixel, it is final overlapped, mutually
Association constitutes the frequency spectrum of entire scope bigger.Using all single pixel imaging results of synchronous acquisition, Fourier transformation is carried out, into
And the position in target high-resolution image spectrum is determined according to the corresponding incident angle of each photosensitive element, by overlapping associations
Frequency spectrum spliced by frequency domain, obtain the frequency spectrum of target high-resolution image, and target high score is obtained by inverse Fourier transform
Distinguish sample image.Due to the illumination equivalent to increase different angle, frequency spectrum is widened, therefore be capable of providing wide visual field and high-altitude
Between resolution ratio characteristic.Meanwhile the characteristic of photosensitive array synchronous acquisition avoids conventional Fourier overlapping associations imaging system point
Source array time-sharing lights the limitation for hindering imaging rate to improve, and realizes the characteristic of high time resolution, can be to dynamic scene
Carry out real time imagery.
Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention based on calculating ghost imaging has following excellent
Point：
1, realize that the image of different inclination angle illumination acquires simultaneously, avoid in FPM systems acquire every time can only there are one
Or the limitation that a few light emitting diode is lighted, improve the Image Acquisition efficiency of entire imaging system；
2, single pixel detector has broader spectral coverage, can realize the survey of the more wide spectrum than usual array-type sensor
Amount；
3, using the thinking for calculating ghost imaging, specific coding can be carried out to structure light, if sinusoidal coding or Hadamard encode,
The compression that image may be implemented is rebuild, and the rate of single imaging is improved.
Further embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging side for calculating ghost imaging
Method.
Fig. 4 is the stream according to an embodiment of the invention based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging
Cheng Tu.As shown in figure 4, this approach includes the following steps：
Step S1：Spatial filter is built, and clean, uniform spatial distribution collimation Gauss is generated by spatial filter
Light beam.
In one embodiment of the invention, the spatial filter of structure for example including：Object lens, pin hole, collimation lens and
Optical adjusting frame, translation stage, wherein pin hole is located at the focal point of object lens, for filtering out the uneven stray light of high order, generates empty
Between the Gaussian beam that is evenly distributed, pass through collimation lens later, obtain Collimated Gaussian Beam, optical adjusting frame is for fixing object lens
With collimation lens and adjusting device angle, so that outgoing beam is straight, translation stage adjusts pin hole and object for fixing pin hole
Spacing between mirror, to ensure to obtain the Gaussian beam of space uniform distribution in suitable three-dimensional coordinate.
Step S2：Collimation Gaussian beam carries out spatial modulation, and the structure light to obtain space encoding is shone.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, collimation Gaussian beam carries out spatial modulation, further comprises：
Collimation Gaussian beam into line amplitude or phase modulation, with obtain space encoding structure light shine.In other words, collimation Gauss
Light beam into amplitude or phase modulation, to obtain required light illumination mode.
Step S3：By the structure light of space encoding according to being incident upon on imaging surface, and with imaging sample contact.
In one embodiment of invention, such as the structure light of space encoding is shone by lens or lens group and is incident upon
On imaging surface.In other words, act on incident light illumination mode in sample plane, can be lens or lens
Group, can also direct irradiation on sample, this time imaging system vacancy.
Step S4：Receive the field strength that different directions are imaged light field after sample.Specifically, light field after different directions imaging sample
Field strength be irradiated on imaging sample corresponding to different directions slant plane wave, in the image of imaging sample front end shooting.Change speech
It, such as transmitted by sample by high speed photosensitive array or reflect the intensity for receiving different angle later, according to single pixel
The reversible principle of imaging optical path is irradiated to corresponding to different directions slant plane wave on sample, in the figure of sample front end shooting
Picture.More specifically, i.e., modeling and utilization nature field are carried out for the intensity of each photosensitive element is related to light illumination mode
The constraint of scape sparsity carries out compressed sensing imaging, and sample is radiated at corresponding to the slant plane wave generated in the photosensitive element angle
In sheet, the image seen from sample front end.
Step S5：Each single pixel detector that high speed photosensitive array is calculated according to the principle for calculating ghost imaging corresponds to position
The image set, and as the low-resolution image illuminated as the slant plane wave of light source using the single pixel detector.Specifically,
Spatial light modulator is modulated multigroup different structure light and is shone, and high speed photosensitive array receives corresponding distribution of light intensity, then for array
Each single pixel detector, the image of corresponding position is calculated according to the principle for calculating ghost imaging, as with the single pixel
Detector is the low-resolution image that the slant plane wave of light source illuminates.In other words, by multiple different light illumination modes with
On each photosensitive element the correlation of intensity obtain the imaging results of each different angle as varied illumination inclination angle, low point
The Image Iterative update of resolution is in the overlapping region of Fourier spectrum, to the high resolution graphics of the reconstructed sample in a manner of calculating
Picture.
Step S6：Fourier transformation is carried out to the low-resolution image of different directions slant plane wave illumination, is corresponded to
In target full resolution pricture frequency spectrum the incident angle and object lens numerical aperture move and low-pass filtering, by low resolution
The relevant part of spectrum overlapping of image is spliced, and obtains the frequency spectrum of target high-resolution image, and calculate using phase recovery
Method obtains target high-resolution image.In other words, the step, that is, Fourier's overlapping associations imaging process tilts different directions flat
Surface wave illumination, low resolution Image Iterative is updated in the overlapping region of Fourier spectrum, obtains high score after frequency domain is widened
The frequency spectrum of resolution image, finally with the high-definition picture of the algorithm reconstructed sample of phase recovery in a manner of calculating.
In some instances, the imaging method of the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the imaging system of wide scale, from micron order to
Meter level, the wherein imaging system of different scale are realized by adjusting spatial light modulator to the image-forming module between sample.
Further, the imaging method of the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the imaging system of wide spectrum, from Terahertz spectral coverage, red
Outer spectral coverage, visible spectrum, ultraviolet spectral coverage to X-ray spectral coverage, the wherein imaging system of different spectral coverage are suitable for not by replacing
Same high speed photosensitive element is realized.
That is, the method for the embodiment of the present invention is to during light illumination mode progress code optimization raising dependent imaging
Imaging rate and image quality method.More specifically, illuminated using the sinusoidal model of the different space frequency of four-step phase-shifting,
Leaf frequency spectrum in the low-resolution image of different spaces angle is obtained directly from different photosensitive elements, then is iterated update
In the overlapping region of Fourier spectrum, to obtain the frequency spectrum of the high-definition picture after frequency domain is widened.
To sum up, the main original based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging of the above embodiment of the present invention
Reason can be summarized as：This method be based on different directions slant plane wave by Fourier transformation frequency domain generate displacement characteristic with
And single pixel imaging is with the reversible characteristic proposition of light path, it is characterised in that builds the uniform collimated light beam system of light distribution
System, and collimated light beam is incident to the modulation that spatial light modulator carries out incident field amplitude or phase, it obtains modulated
By imaging optical system, either direct irradiation passes through transmission at it on imaging sample or is reflected into high speed photosensitive battle array light beam
Row (single pixel detector array) are carried out while being acquired.The same sample is irradiated and is adopted by the light beam of repeatedly known modulating mode
Collect the corresponding light intensity of each photosensitive element (single pixel detector), using modulating mode it is related to the light intensity of photosensitive element or
The method of compressed sensing obtains the imaging results of the angle corresponding to each photosensitive element.There is light path according to single pixel imaging
Reversible characteristic, each single pixel correspond to the difference generated as point source using this single pixel to the imaging results of the same sample
Direction slant plane wave illuminates the result shot in incident sample front end.Therefore, the low resolution obtained for each single pixel
Image be equivalent to frequency spectrum of the target high-resolution image under corresponding incident angle within the scope of some in frequency spectrum.All list pictures
Frequency spectrum at spectrogram representation different angle i.e. frequency domain difference the translation position of the image of element, it is final overlapped, mutually close
Connection constitutes the frequency spectrum of entire scope bigger.Using all single pixel imaging results of synchronous acquisition, Fourier transformation is carried out, in turn
The position in target high-resolution image spectrum is determined according to the corresponding incident angle of each photosensitive element, by overlapping associations
Frequency spectrum is spliced by frequency domain, obtains the frequency spectrum of target high-resolution image, and obtain target high-resolution by inverse Fourier transform
Sample image.Due to the illumination equivalent to increase different angle, frequency spectrum is widened, therefore be capable of providing wide visual field and high spatial
The characteristic of resolution ratio.Meanwhile the characteristic of photosensitive array synchronous acquisition avoids conventional Fourier overlapping associations imaging system point source
Array time-sharing light hinder imaging rate improve limitation, realize the characteristic of high time resolution, can to dynamic scene into
Row real time imagery.
Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention based on calculating ghost imaging has following excellent
Point：
1, realize that the image of different inclination angle illumination acquires simultaneously, avoid in FPM systems acquire every time can only there are one
Or the limitation that a few light emitting diode is lighted, improve the Image Acquisition efficiency of entire imaging system；
2, single pixel detector has broader spectral coverage, can realize the survey of the more wide spectrum than usual array-type sensor
Amount；
3, using the thinking for calculating ghost imaging, specific coding can be carried out to structure light, if sinusoidal coding or Hadamard encode,
The compression that image may be implemented is rebuild, and the rate of single imaging is improved.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
Centainly refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
One or more embodiments or example in can be combined in any suitable manner.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Not
In the case of being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments, this
The range of invention is by claim and its equivalent limits.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that including：
Spatial filter, the spatial filter are used to generate the Collimated Gaussian Beam of uniform spatial distribution；
Spatial light modulator, the spatial light modulator is used to carry out spatial modulation to the Collimated Gaussian Beam, to obtain sky
Between the structure light that encodes shine；
Image-forming module, the image-forming module are used for the structure light of the space encoding according to being incident upon imaging surface, and with imaging
Sample contact；
Transmission plane or reflecting surface in imaging sample is arranged in high speed photosensitive array, the high speed photosensitive array, for receiving not
The field strength of light field after equidirectional imaging sample；
Processing module, the processing module are used to calculate the single picture of each of high speed photosensitive array according to the principle for calculating ghost imaging
The image of plain detector corresponding position, and as the low resolution illuminated as the slant plane wave of light source using the single pixel detector
Image；
Computing module, the computing module are used to carry out Fourier to the low-resolution image that different directions slant plane wave illuminates
Transformation obtains the frequency spectrum corresponding to target full resolution pricture in the incident angle and object lens illuminated corresponding to the slant plane wave
Numerical aperture move and low-pass filtering, the relevant part of the spectrum overlapping of the low-resolution image is spliced, is obtained
Target high-resolution image is obtained to the frequency spectrum of target high-resolution image, and using Phase Retrieve Algorithm.
2. according to claim 1 based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that institute
Stating spatial filter includes：Object lens, pin hole, collimation lens and optical adjusting frame, translation stage, wherein
The pin hole is located at the focal point of the object lens, for filtering out the uneven stray light of high order, generates uniform spatial distribution
Gaussian beam, pass through the collimation lens later, obtain the Collimated Gaussian Beam, the optical adjusting frame is for fixing institute
Object lens and collimation lens and adjusting device angle are stated, so that outgoing beam is straight, the translation stage is for fixing the pin hole, together
When adjustment pin hole and object lens between spacing, to ensure to obtain the Gauss light of space uniform distribution in suitable three-dimensional coordinate
Beam.
3. according to claim 1 based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that institute
Spatial light modulator is stated for the modulation to the Collimated Gaussian Beam into line amplitude or phase, to obtain the structure of space encoding
Illumination.
4. according to claim 1 based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that institute
It is lens or lens group to state image-forming module.
5. according to claim 1 based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging system for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that institute
State different directions imaging sample after light field field strength correspond to different directions slant plane wave be irradiated to be imaged sample on, be imaged
The image of sample front end shooting.
6. a kind of based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Spatial filter is built, and generates the Collimated Gaussian Beam of uniform spatial distribution by the spatial filter；
Spatial modulation is carried out to the Collimated Gaussian Beam, the structure light to obtain space encoding is shone；
By the structure light of the space encoding according to being incident upon on imaging surface, and with imaging sample contact；
Receive the field strength that different directions are imaged light field after sample；
The image of each single pixel detector corresponding position of high speed photosensitive array is calculated according to the principle for calculating ghost imaging, and
As the low-resolution image illuminated as the slant plane wave of light source using the single pixel detector；
Fourier transformation is carried out to the low-resolution image of different directions slant plane wave illumination, obtains corresponding to target high-resolution
The frequency spectrum of image the incident angle illuminated corresponding to the slant plane wave and the numerical aperture of object lens move and low pass filtered
The relevant part of the spectrum overlapping of the low-resolution image is spliced, obtains the frequency spectrum of target high-resolution image by wave,
And obtain target high-resolution image using Phase Retrieve Algorithm.
7. according to claim 6 based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that institute
Stating spatial filter includes：Object lens, pin hole, collimation lens and optical adjusting frame, translation stage, wherein
The pin hole is located at the focal point of the object lens, for filtering out the uneven stray light of high order, generates uniform spatial distribution
Gaussian beam, pass through the collimation lens later, obtain the Collimated Gaussian Beam, the optical adjusting frame is for fixing institute
Object lens and collimation lens and adjusting device angle are stated, so that outgoing beam is straight, the translation stage is for fixing the pin hole, together
When adjustment pin hole and object lens between spacing, to ensure to obtain the Gauss light of space uniform distribution in suitable three-dimensional coordinate
Beam.
8. according to claim 6 based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that institute
It states and spatial modulation is carried out to the Collimated Gaussian Beam, further comprise：
To the Collimated Gaussian Beam into the modulation of line amplitude or phase, the structure light to obtain the space encoding is shone.
9. according to claim 6 based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that logical
It crosses lens or lens group the structure light photograph of the space encoding is incident upon on imaging surface.
10. according to claim 6 based on the Fourier's overlapping associations imaging method for calculating ghost imaging, which is characterized in that
The field strength of light field, which corresponds to different directions slant plane wave and is irradiated to, after different directions imaging sample is imaged on sample, at
The image of decent this front end shooting.
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