CN107861360B - Single-exposure lens-free imaging system and method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing - Google Patents
Single-exposure lens-free imaging system and method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-exposure lens-free imaging system and method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing, wherein the system comprises: the quasi-monochromatic programmable control LED panel is used for generating multi-angle illumination and simultaneously illuminating a round hole which is arranged behind the panel; chrome plating a round hole mask which is used for shielding light and is provided with a light-transmitting round hole on a glass plate, and is used for matching with multi-angle light; the camera detector is used for collecting a sample diffraction pattern under single exposure, and is away from the sample by a preset distance so as to reduce aliasing of effective information under different illumination; and the controller is used for synchronously controlling the illumination pattern on the LED panel and the camera to collect so as to image the sample arranged between the circular hole mask and the camera detector and obtain a reconstructed image. The system can effectively improve the data acquisition speed of the lens-free imaging system, realizes lens-free imaging of single exposure, enables the lens-free imaging system to observe dynamic samples, and is simple and easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lens-free imaging, in particular to a single-exposure lens-free imaging system and method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing.
Background
The lens-free imaging is an imaging technology for recovering the complex amplitude of a sample by collecting diffraction patterns without an imaging lens, and has the advantages of large observation field range, simple system, compactness, low price and the like. There is a trend toward a greater number of pixels and smaller pixel units for camera sensors; at the same time, the ability of computer numerical computation is increasing, making lens-free imaging an option for microscopic imaging, and used in many applications. Compared with the traditional lens optical system, the lens-free imaging system directly collects the diffraction pattern of an object by using a photoelectric converter and reconstructs complex amplitude information. The image reconstruction uses a phase recovery algorithm, and phase imaging can be realized on the transparent sample. In addition, the lens-free imaging can solve the contradiction between the field of view and the resolution in the microscope imaging, and the field of view and the resolution are decoupled, so that the data acquisition with high space bandwidth product is realized.
Typically, lens-less imaging uses a laser source or LED lamp coupled to a single-mode fiber to provide coherent or partially coherent illumination. The illumination is transmitted through an aperture to the sample and the diffraction pattern is directly collected with a camera sensor. In the traditional lens-free imaging, methods such as small-hole mechanical scanning, multi-distance acquisition or multi-angle illumination scanning are required to be adopted to acquire a plurality of diffraction patterns to perform fusion of image information so as to obtain better image reconstruction quality and accurate phase information. Therefore, as an imaging technique requiring multiple measurements, the acquisition speed of the lens-free imaging is slow and cannot be used for observing a dynamic sample. This is one of the major drawbacks of lens-free imaging and is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, one objective of the present invention is to provide a single-exposure lens-free imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing, which effectively increases the data acquisition speed of the lens-free imaging system, and implements lens-free imaging of single exposure, so that it can observe dynamic samples, and is simple and easy to implement.
The invention also aims to provide a single-exposure lens-free imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a single-exposure lens-less imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing, including: the quasi-monochromatic programmable control LED panel is used for generating multi-angle illumination and simultaneously illuminating a round hole which is arranged behind the panel; chrome plating a circular hole mask which is used for shielding illumination and is provided with a light-transmitting circular hole on a glass plate, and is used for matching with the multi-angle illumination, wherein after light is transmitted for a certain distance through the circular hole, scanning with an overlapped area is generated on a sample surface; the camera detector is used for acquiring a sample diffraction pattern under single exposure, and the camera detector is away from the sample by a preset distance so as to reduce aliasing of effective information under different illuminations; and the controller is used for synchronously controlling the illumination pattern on the LED panel and the camera to collect so as to image the sample arranged between the circular hole mask and the camera detector and obtain a reconstructed image.
The single-exposure lens-free imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing is easy to build, does not need complicated calibration and calibration, and can realize single-acquisition rapid lens-free imaging, so that the data acquisition speed of the lens-free imaging system is effectively improved, single-exposure lens-free imaging is realized, dynamic samples can be observed, and the system is simple and easy to realize.
In addition, the single-exposure lens-free imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, in one embodiment of the invention, a partially coherent illumination and unit magnification imaging system is selected, with 32 x 32 uniformly arranged LED lamps on the LED panel, with a center wavelength of 518nm, a spectral bandwidth of 20nm, and a spacing of 4mm between adjacent LED lamps.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, 7 x 7 LED lamps are illuminated simultaneously to provide multiplexed illumination, and each angle illumination is a bundle of partially coherent parallel light; lighting one LED lamp at every 4 adjacent positions; obtain more than 1.2 x 1.2mm2The field of view of.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, under the multi-angle illumination, each scan pattern on the sample plane is a fresnel diffraction pattern with a circular hole propagating a predetermined distance, and under different angles of illumination, the diffractive fresnel diffraction patterns generate different spatial displacements.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the size of the circular holes on the circular hole mask is made based on the mutual overlay information and aliasing information on the sample.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the preset distance is determined according to the size of the circular hole, so as to scan a mutual coverage area satisfying a preset condition on the sample plane.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the camera detector is a monochrome CMOS camera with 2040 × 2448 pixels, 3.45um single pixel size, and 35 frames/sec fastest frame rate.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, in the diffraction pattern, effective information under different angles of illumination is obtained by splitting through simple spatial position difference, and the quality of the reconstructed image is improved through an optimization algorithm.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention provides a single-exposure lens-free imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing, which employs the above imaging system, wherein the method includes the following steps: collecting diffraction patterns without samples for calibration, and collecting patterns with samples as reconstructed original data; calibrating effective information areas corresponding to different illuminations by adding a preset threshold value to the diffraction pattern, and acquiring intensity values of the different illuminations for calibration; directly splitting the pattern with the sample according to the calibrated effective information areas corresponding to different illuminations to obtain a plurality of images with aliasing information; obtaining an estimated value of observation sample information according to the plurality of images with aliasing information, using the estimated value as an initial value of an optimization algorithm, reversely solving effective information according to the initial value of the optimization algorithm through the optimization algorithm, simultaneously calculating a weight matrix occupied by information under different illumination on the basis of reconstructing the images on one side, and continuously optimizing the weight matrix; and substituting the initial value by using the diffraction image of a single sample, and reconstructing by using an optimization algorithm to obtain the complex amplitude information of the sample and obtain a reconstructed image.
The single-exposure lens-free imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing is easy to build, does not need complicated calibration and calibration, and can realize single-acquisition rapid lens-free imaging, so that the data acquisition speed of a lens-free imaging system is effectively improved, single-exposure lens-free imaging is realized, dynamic samples can be observed, and the method is simple and easy to realize.
In addition, the single-exposure lens-free imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the sampled pattern includes a static sample pattern or a plurality of dynamic sample patterns.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-exposure lens-less imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-exposure lens-less imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a single-exposure shot-less imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes a single-exposure lens-less imaging system and method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and first, a single-exposure lens-less imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-exposure lens-less imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the single-exposure lens-free imaging system 10 based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing comprises: an LED panel 100, a circular aperture mask 200, a camera detector 300, and a controller 400.
Wherein the quasi-monochromatic and programmable-controlled LED panel 100 is used to generate multi-angle illumination and simultaneously illuminate a circular hole placed behind. The chrome plating on the glass plate is used to block the illumination and the round hole mask 200 with the light-transmissive round hole is used to cooperate with the multi-angle illumination, wherein the light is transmitted through the round hole for a certain distance, and then the scanning with the overlapping area is generated on the sample surface. The camera detector 300 is used to collect the diffraction pattern of the sample under a single exposure, and the camera detector 300 is a preset distance away from the sample to reduce aliasing of effective information under different illuminations. The controller 400 is configured to synchronously control the illumination pattern on the LED panel 100 and the camera acquisition, so as to image the sample disposed between the circular hole mask 200 and the camera detector 300, and acquire a reconstructed image. The system 10 of the embodiment of the invention can effectively improve the data acquisition speed of the lens-free imaging system, realize the lens-free imaging of single exposure, enable the system to observe dynamic samples, and is simple and easy to realize.
It is understood that the LED panel 100 is programmable to achieve simultaneous multi-angle illumination; a circular aperture mask 200 for generating a scan having an overlap region on a sample plane in cooperation with angular illumination; a camera detector 300 for acquiring a sample diffraction pattern under a single exposure; the controller 400 is used for synchronously controlling the illumination pattern on the LED panel 100 and the camera acquisition.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a system 10 of an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes 4 parts: quasi-monochromatic, programmable controlled LED panel 100, for producing multi-angle illumination, and simultaneously illuminating on a circular hole placed behind. The circular hole mask 200 is formed by plating chrome on a glass plate to block light, and only one circular hole capable of transmitting light is reserved to match the angle light. After light propagates through the circular aperture for a certain distance, a scan is produced with an overlap region on the sample plane. The camera detector 300 is used to collect the diffraction pattern of the sample under a single exposure, and the camera detector 300 is placed far enough away from the sample to reduce the aliasing of the effective information under different illumination. The controller 400 is used for synchronously controlling the illumination pattern on the LED panel 100 and the camera acquisition. In addition, a thin sample is placed between the circular hole and the camera as the object to be observed.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, a partially coherent illumination and unit magnification imaging system is selected, with 32 x 32 uniformly arranged LED lamps on the LED panel 100, with a center wavelength of 518nm, a spectral bandwidth of 20nm, and a spacing of 4mm between adjacent LED lamps.
It will be appreciated that for lens-less imaging, there are many design choices, and for simplicity, a partially coherent illumination (i.e., narrow band LED illumination) and unit magnification imaging system are chosen here. The LED panel 100 used had 32 x 32 LED lamps uniformly arranged with a center wavelength of 518nm and a spectral bandwidth of 20 nm. The spacing between adjacent LED lights is 4 mm.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, 7 x 7 LED lamps are illuminated simultaneously to provide multiplexed illumination, with each angle illumination being a bundle of partially coherent parallel light; lighting one LED lamp at every 4 adjacent positions; obtain more than 1.2 x 1.2mm2The field of view of.
For example, in the embodiment of the invention, 7 × 7 lamps are simultaneously lighted to provide multiplexing illumination, and each angle illumination can be regarded as a beam of partially coherent parallel light; lighting one LED lamp at every 4 adjacent positions (namely, the distance between the adjacent lighted LED lamps is 16 mm); at this time, more than 1.2 x 1.2mm can be obtained2The field of view of. When other parameters are fixed, the larger the number of simultaneously illuminated LED lamps, the larger the range of fields of view that can be obtained, but ultimately limited by the size of the detector.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, under multi-angle illumination, each scan pattern on the sample plane is a fresnel diffraction pattern with a circular hole propagating a predetermined distance, and under different angles of illumination, the diffractive fresnel diffraction patterns generate different spatial displacements.
It can be understood that under multi-angle illumination, each scanning pattern on the sample surface is a fresnel diffraction pattern with a certain distance of circular hole propagation; and under different angles of illumination, the diffraction patterns produce different spatial displacements. The multi-angle illumination has the effect that enough constraints are provided, so that the algorithm reconstruction is more robust; both are that the field of view of the imaging can be extended.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the size of the circular aperture on the circular aperture mask 200 is made based on the mutual overlay information and aliasing information on the sample.
For example, the size of the circular holes on the circular hole mask 200 needs to be selected properly, too small radius results in too strong diffraction, and the mutual coverage on the sample is very small; too large a radius may result in aliased information that is difficult to separate on the detector. For example, a circular hole with a radius of 300um is used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, a preset distance is determined according to the size of the circular hole to scan a mutual coverage area satisfying a preset condition on the sample plane.
It will be appreciated that, based on the determination of the radius of the circular hole, by selecting an appropriate distance between the circular hole and the sample, the scanning on the sample plane will have an appropriate mutual coverage area to provide sufficient constraints for subsequent image reconstruction.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the camera detector 300 is a monochrome CMOS camera with 2040 x 2448 pixels, 3.45um single pixel size, and 35 frames/sec fastest frame rate.
For example, the camera detector 300, using a monochrome CMOS camera, has a pixel count of 2040 × 2448, a single pixel size of 3.45um, and a fastest frame rate of 35 frames/second. The detector needs to be placed far enough away from the sample so that the effective areas of the acquired patterns under different angles of illumination are far enough apart on the imaging plane, and therefore there is less aliasing of information.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, in the diffraction pattern, effective information under different angles of illumination is obtained by splitting through simple spatial position difference, and the quality of the reconstructed image is improved through an optimization algorithm.
It will be appreciated that the effective information in the diffraction pattern under different angles of illumination can be resolved by simply differing spatial locations. The longer the detector is placed, the smaller the information aliasing is, the more accurate the splitting is, and the smaller the reconstruction error is; however, due to the limitation of the signal-to-noise ratio (the farther the camera is placed, the weaker the acquired signal), considering the requirement of the field of view range and the greater the loss of resolution with the larger distance under the partially coherent illumination, the camera detector 300 can not be placed at any distance, and is actually placed at about 15mm from the sample. Therefore, a certain amount of information aliasing occurs, and an optimization algorithm is required to improve the quality of the reconstructed image.
Further, the system 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simplicity, easiness in implementation, easiness in system construction, no need of complicated calibration and the like, and can realize quick lens-free imaging of single-exposure collection. For example, the system can eventually achieve 35 frames/second (camera acquisition frame rate), over 1.2 x 1.2mm2Field of view, 20um resolution. The limitations of these metrics can be further improved by using better performance camera detectors 300, such as smaller single pixel size, larger effective detection area, faster frame rate, and better light efficiency.
The following explains the principle of the single-exposure lens-free imaging system 10 based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to the embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps:
s1: the system is used for collecting a diffraction pattern without a sample for calibration, and collecting a sample pattern (a static sample pattern or a plurality of dynamic sample patterns) as reconstructed original data;
s2: the effective information areas corresponding to different illuminations are calibrated by adding a certain threshold value to a single diffraction pattern (the content is a plurality of diffraction circular surfaces which are arranged separately and have different positions) collected without a sample, and the intensity values of the different illuminations for calibration are obtained through calculation.
S3: according to the calibration position, a single (or multiple) pattern with a sample is directly split, and multiple images with aliasing information can be obtained; by using these data for reconstruction, an estimated value of the observed sample information can be obtained and used as an initial value of the optimization algorithm.
S4: the collected diffraction patterns of each sample can be regarded as intensity superposition of the diffraction patterns obtained under multi-angle illumination, and therefore an optimization algorithm is used for solving effective information reversely. The algorithm simultaneously calculates the weight matrix occupied by information under different illumination on the basis of reconstructing an image at one side, and continuously optimizes the matrix.
S5: and (3) substituting the initial value by using the diffraction image of a single sample, and reconstructing by using an optimization algorithm to finally obtain the complex amplitude information of the sample.
In summary, the system 10 of the present embodiment is simple and easy to implement, easy to set up, and does not require complicated calibration and calibration. Based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing single-exposure lens-free imaging, a programmable LED array is adopted to simultaneously light a plurality of LED lamps, and multiplexed illumination (rather than scanning) in a plurality of incident directions is provided; the structure irradiates on a round hole with the size of dozens of microns, and after the structure is spread for a certain distance, simultaneous multi-region overlapped scanning is formed on a sample surface; and then the probe acquires the data after the data is transmitted for a certain distance. Because the parameters of the optical path are accurately set in advance, the aliasing of the multi-angle information in single measurement is very small; moreover, a global optimization method is designed, aliasing information can be separated through iteration weights, and image reconstruction is finally achieved. The method can realize the rapid lens-free imaging of single-sheet acquisition on the basis of sacrificing a certain visual field and resolution. The experimental results of a resolution plate, a static staining sample, a pure phase sample, a dynamic sample and the like are given, so that the performance of the method, such as the field range, the resolution, the effect and the like, can be analyzed.
The single-exposure lens-free imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing is easy to build, does not need complicated calibration and calibration, and can realize single-acquisition rapid lens-free imaging, so that the data acquisition speed of the lens-free imaging system is effectively improved, single-exposure lens-free imaging is realized, dynamic samples can be observed, and the system is simple and easy to realize.
Next, a single-exposure lens-less imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a single-exposure lens-less imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the single-exposure lens-free imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing adopts the imaging system, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in step S301, the diffraction pattern without the sample is collected for calibration, and the pattern with the sample is collected as the reconstructed raw data.
In step S302, the effective information areas corresponding to different illuminations are calibrated by adding a preset threshold to the diffraction pattern, and the intensity values of the different illuminations for calibration are obtained.
In step S303, the pattern with the sample is directly split according to the calibrated effective information areas corresponding to different illuminations, so as to obtain a plurality of images with aliasing information.
In step S304, an estimated value for the observation sample information is obtained from a plurality of images with aliasing information as an initial value of the optimization algorithm.
In step S305, the effective information is solved back according to the initial value of the optimization algorithm, so as to simultaneously calculate the weight matrix occupied by the information under different illumination on the basis of reconstructing the image on one side, and continuously optimize the weight matrix.
In step S306, a single diffraction image with a sample is used, and is substituted into the initial value, and is reconstructed by using an optimization algorithm, so as to obtain complex amplitude information of the sample, and obtain a reconstructed image.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pattern of samples includes a static sample pattern or a plurality of dynamic sample patterns.
It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the single-exposure no-lens imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing is also applicable to the single-exposure no-lens imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing of the embodiment, and is not repeated here.
According to the single-exposure lens-free imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the method is easy to build, does not need complicated calibration and calibration, and can realize single-acquisition rapid lens-free imaging, so that the data acquisition speed of a lens-free imaging system is effectively improved, single-exposure lens-free imaging is realized, dynamic samples can be observed, and the method is simple and easy to realize.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A single exposure no-lens imaging system based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing is characterized by comprising:
the quasi-monochromatic programmable control LED panel is used for generating multi-angle illumination and simultaneously illuminating a round hole which is arranged behind the panel;
chrome plating a circular hole mask which is used for shielding illumination and is provided with a light-transmitting circular hole on a glass plate, and is used for matching with the multi-angle illumination, wherein after light is transmitted for a certain distance through the circular hole, scanning with an overlapped area is generated on a sample surface;
the camera detector is used for acquiring a sample diffraction pattern under single exposure, and the camera detector is away from the sample by a preset distance so as to reduce aliasing of effective information under different illuminations; and
and the controller is used for synchronously controlling the illumination pattern on the LED panel and the camera to collect so as to image the sample arranged between the circular hole mask and the camera detector and obtain a reconstructed image.
2. The multi-angle illumination multiplexing-based single-exposure lens-free imaging system according to claim 1, wherein the imaging system with partially coherent illumination and unit magnification is selected, and the LED panel comprises 32 × 32 uniformly arranged LED lamps with a center wavelength of 518nm and a spectral bandwidth of 20nm, and the interval between adjacent LED lamps is 4 mm.
3. The multi-angle illumination multiplexing-based single-exposure lens-free imaging system of claim 2, wherein 7 x 7 LED lamps are simultaneously lighted to provide multiplexing illumination, and each angle illumination is a beam of partially coherent parallel light; lighting one LED lamp at every 4 adjacent positions; obtain more than 1.2 x 1.2mm2The field of view of.
4. The multi-angle illumination multiplexing-based single-exposure lens-free imaging system according to claim 1, wherein under the multi-angle illumination, each scanning pattern on the sample surface is a Fresnel diffraction pattern with a circular hole propagating a predetermined distance, and under different angles of illumination, the diffractive Fresnel diffraction patterns generate different spatial displacements.
5. The multi-angle illumination multiplexing-based single-exposure lens-free imaging system of claim 1, wherein the size of the circular hole on the circular hole mask is made according to mutual coverage information and aliasing information on the sample.
6. The multi-angle illumination multiplexing-based single-exposure lens-free imaging system according to claim 1, wherein the preset distance is determined according to the size of the circular hole so as to scan a mutual coverage area meeting preset conditions on the sample plane.
7. The multi-angle illumination multiplexing-based single-exposure lens-free imaging system according to claim 1, wherein the camera detector is a monochrome CMOS camera, the number of pixels is 2040 x 2448, the size of a single pixel is 3.45um, and the fastest frame rate is 35 frames/second.
8. The multi-angle illumination multiplexing-based single-exposure lens-free imaging system according to claim 4, wherein in the diffraction pattern, effective information under illumination of different angles is obtained by splitting through simple spatial position difference, and the quality of the reconstructed image is improved through an optimization algorithm.
9. A single-exposure lens-free imaging method based on multi-angle illumination multiplexing, characterized in that the imaging system of any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
collecting diffraction patterns without samples for calibration, and collecting patterns with samples as reconstructed original data;
calibrating effective information areas corresponding to different illuminations by adding a preset threshold value to the diffraction pattern, and acquiring intensity values of the different illuminations for calibration;
directly splitting the pattern with the sample according to the calibrated effective information areas corresponding to different illuminations to obtain a plurality of images with aliasing information;
obtaining an estimated value of observation sample information according to the plurality of images with aliasing information, and using the estimated value as an initial value of an optimization algorithm;
solving the effective information inversely according to the initial value of the optimization algorithm, so as to simultaneously calculate the weight matrix occupied by the information under different illumination on the basis of reconstructing the image on one side, and continuously optimizing the weight matrix;
and substituting the initial value by using the diffraction image of a single sample, and reconstructing by using an optimization algorithm to obtain the complex amplitude information of the sample and obtain a reconstructed image.
10. The multi-angle illumination multiplexing-based single-exposure lens-less imaging method according to claim 9, wherein the sampled pattern comprises one static sample pattern or a plurality of dynamic sample patterns.
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