CN106368482A - Disc spring shock absorber with adjustable initial rigidity - Google Patents
Disc spring shock absorber with adjustable initial rigidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN106368482A CN106368482A CN201610905963.5A CN201610905963A CN106368482A CN 106368482 A CN106368482 A CN 106368482A CN 201610905963 A CN201610905963 A CN 201610905963A CN 106368482 A CN106368482 A CN 106368482A
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 29
- 206010052904 Musculoskeletal stiffness Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a disc spring shock absorber with adjustable initial rigidity. The disc spring shock absorber is characterized in that a back pressure device is arranged in a guide sleeve; the back pressure device comprises three or more prestressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements equal to the prestressed steel wire ropes in number, steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors equal to the prestressed steel wire ropes in number and a floating back pressure steel plate; the prestressed steel wire ropes are distributed in a central hole of a disc spring set in a broken line mode; one end of each prestressed steel wire rope is symmetrically fixed to the floating back pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, and the other end of the prestressed steel wire rope turns back after being wound across the opposite steel wire rope turning element, then penetrates through the floating back pressure steel plate from the position beside a fixing point, on the floating back pressure steel plate, of the prestressed steel wire rope, and is anchored to a second end cover through the corresponding steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor; and each prestressed steel wire rope is tensioned to the tension required for preset initial rigidity, and the disc spring set is made to be clamped between a driving component and the floating back pressure steel plate all along.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building anti-vibration device, in particular to a damping device comprising a disc spring.
Background
A damper is a device that dissipates energy from motion in a manner that provides resistance to motion. From the twenty-century and the seventies, the damper is gradually transferred to structural engineering such as buildings, bridges, railways and the like from industries such as aerospace, aviation, war industry, firearms, automobiles and the like. The disk spring is widely applied to shock insulation and absorption devices in various heavy-load occasions due to the characteristics of large bearing capacity, strong buffering and absorption capacity and wide range of nonlinearity. The disc spring is usually combined into a disc spring group by a plurality of discs, and the use effects of different combination modes are different; however, the disc spring assembly formed by any mode can only be compressed and deformed. Therefore, existing dampers for resisting wind and earthquakes use at least two sets of disc springs, or are compounded with other types of dampers (e.g., viscoelastic dampers). However, this approach using multiple sets of belleville springs or combinations with other types of dampers creates many negative problems, such as: 1. the damping characteristics of stretching and compression of the damper are asymmetric, so that the shock insulation and absorption effects are influenced; 2. the volume is large, and the installation cannot be carried out in a narrow space; 3. the structure is complex, the production is difficult, and the cost is high; and so on.
The action of seismic waves is multidirectional and random, namely, the magnitude direction and the frequency of force acting on a building are random, so that the damper for resisting earthquake needs to meet the following two requirements: the characteristic frequency of the damper needs to be staggered with the resonance frequency domain of earthquake input excitation, and the characteristic frequency of the damper needs to be staggered with the characteristic frequency of a building or a building structure. According to the theoretical analysis of the author's easy loyalty of the ' basic characteristic parameter analysis of the disc spring ', the natural frequency of the single disc spring(in the formula, KpFor stiffness, msOf the mass of the belleville springs, m being the object connected to the belleville springsMass, ξ is the equivalent mass conversion coefficient [ see journal of Petroleum machinery, 23 vol. 3, pages 10 to 22, 1995]It can be seen that when the mass of the belleville spring and the mass of the object connected with the belleville spring are determined by design, the square of the natural frequency of the belleville spring is proportional to the stiffness of the belleville spring.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN1932324A discloses an adjustable disc spring mechanical shock absorption damper, which comprises a shell, a load connecting rod and two groups of disc springs, wherein the load connecting rod and the two groups of disc springs are arranged in the shell, the middle part of the load connecting rod is provided with an adjusting gear fixedly connected with the load connecting rod, the load connecting rods on the two sides of the adjusting gear are respectively provided with a left-handed nut and a right-handed nut which are in threaded fit with the load connecting rod, and the two groups of disc springs are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut and are respectively clamped between the left-handed nut or the right-handed nut and a sealing plate at the. The damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted by only turning the adjusting gear on the load connecting rod to enable the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut to be close to or far away from each other, so that the pretightening force of the two groups of disk springs can be adjusted, and the use requirements of different frequencies and different amplitudes are met. However, the invention still has the following disadvantages:
1. the load connecting rod is kept in balance under the combined action of the two groups of disc springs, although the pretightening force of the two groups of disc springs can be adjusted, no matter how the pretightening force is adjusted, the acting forces of the two groups of disc springs on the load connecting rod are equal in one group, and opposite in direction, and the balance can be damaged only by applying any external force on the load connecting rod, so that the two groups of disc springs deform, and the damper cannot preset initial rigidity;
2. the damper is provided with two groups of disc springs which are matched with each other, so that the damper can provide damping when the damper is subjected to pressure or tensile load, certain waste is caused, the length of the damper is greatly increased, and the damper is not suitable for occasions with compact installation space.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN101457553A discloses a tuned mass damper with adjustable spring stiffness, which is a composite damper, the characteristic frequency of the damper is changed by changing the thickness of a mass block, the damping ratio of the damper is changed by changing the flow of a working medium of the viscous damper, and the stiffness of the damper is changed by changing the effective working length of a spring, wherein three means are adopted for changing the effective working length of the spring, firstly, a section of the spring positioned in a curing cylinder is cured by adopting a curing material, secondly, a constraint block is inserted into the center of a spiral spring and is in interference fit with the spring, so that a section of the spring contacted with the constraint block fails, thirdly, a spiral bulge is arranged on the surface of the constraint block, and the spiral bulge is clamped between spring wires, so that a section of the spring clamped with the spiral bulge between the spring wires fails. It can be seen that although the spring in the patent application can change the stiffness, the effective working length of the spring is obviously shortened, and the spring can only compress energy consumption and reduce vibration but cannot stretch the energy consumption and reduce vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity, which not only keeps the effective working length of a disc spring group, but also can compress and stretch energy dissipation and vibration reduction.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity comprises a guide sleeve, wherein one end of the guide sleeve is provided with a first end cover, the other end of the guide sleeve is provided with a second end cover, and a disc spring group is coaxially arranged inside the guide sleeve; a driving component extends into the guide sleeve from the center of the first end cover and acts on the disc spring group, wherein the disc spring group is formed by vertically overlapping a group of disc springs; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the guide sleeve is also internally provided with a back pressure device which comprises more than three pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes and a floating back pressure steel plate, wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate is arranged between the disc spring set and the second end cover;
the steel wire rope direction changing element is symmetrically fixed on the driving component around the axis of the guide sleeve;
wire rope auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the self-centering locking clamp of second, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates out of the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw and the center hole of the plane bearing and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw through the anti-torsion compression spring, under the tension action of the prepressing steel wire rope, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the prepressing steel wire ropes are distributed in the central holes of the disc spring groups in a broken line state, one end of each prepressing steel wire rope is symmetrically fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, the other end of each prepressing steel wire rope rounds an opposite steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates through the floating back pressure steel plate beside the fixed point of the prepressing steel wire rope on the floating back pressure steel plate, and the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device is anchored on the second end cover; on the floating back pressure steel plate, a through hole for penetrating the pre-pressed steel wire rope is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressed steel wire rope, and the aperture of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressed steel wire rope;
and tensioning the pre-pressed steel wire rope to the tension required by setting the initial rigidity, so that the disc spring group is always clamped between the driving member and the floating back pressure steel plate.
The working principle of the damper is as follows: when the dynamic load is relatively acted along the axis of the guide sleeve, the driving member compresses the disc spring group downwards; when the dynamic load acts along the axis of the guide sleeve in a reverse direction, the prepressing steel wire rope reversely lifts the floating counter-pressure steel plate through the steel wire rope direction changing element to compress the disc-shaped spring group. Therefore, the axial dynamic load can compress the disc spring group to cause the disc spring group to generate elastic deformation and consume energy no matter the disc spring group is oppositely or reversely acted on the damper.
According to the working principle, the prepressing steel wire rope and the hole wall of the through hole in the floating back pressure steel plate cannot generate friction in the working process, otherwise, the up-and-down movement of the floating back pressure steel plate is interfered, so that the diameter of the through hole is larger than that of the prepressing steel wire rope, and the up-and-down movement of the floating back pressure steel plate is preferably not interfered and influenced.
In the above scheme, the wire rope direction changing element is a common fixed pulley or a hoisting ring-shaped member with a direction changing function similar to that of the common fixed pulley, such as a hoisting ring screw, a U-shaped member and the like.
According to the disc spring damper with adjustable initial stiffness, one end of the prepressing steel wire rope fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate can be fixed by welding, and can also be fixed by tying similar lifting ring screws.
The damper can be widely applied to various one-dimensional fields, such as isolation of internal vibration of mechanical equipment, isolation of equipment foundation, seismic reinforcement of building structures, seismic resistance of large buildings and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity has the following effects:
(1) external force is applied along the axis, and no matter the external force is pressure or tension, the disc spring group can generate elastic compression deformation to consume energy;
(2) when the dynamic load is larger than the resisting capacity of the preset initial rigidity of the damper, the damper is symmetrical in two-way elastic deformation, so that the compression deformation energy consumption effect of the damper is not influenced by the change of the positive direction and the negative direction of the external load, and a convenient condition is provided for the reinforcement design of the building structure such as wind load resistance;
(3) the initial rigidity of the whole damper can be changed by only changing the length of the steel wire rope, and the damper cannot be deformed by external force before the initial rigidity is overcome, so that when the damper is used for vertical shock insulation of a building, the seismic intensity can be preset, and the shock insulation cost is obviously reduced;
(4) the two working states of stretching and compressing can be realized only by one group of disc springs, and the length of the damper is obviously shortened.
(5) In the process of presetting the initial stiffness, the effective working length of the disc spring set is unchanged, and the original characteristic parameters of the disc spring set cannot be changed.
(6) The characteristic frequency domain range of the damper can be selected by reasonably selecting the preset early stiffness by using the characteristics of the belleville spring, so that the inherent frequency domain range of the building structure and the frequency domain range of the vertical seismic waves are avoided, and resonance is prevented.
(7) One end of the prepressing steel wire rope is fixed on the second end cover by adopting the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage, so that firstly, the length of the prepressing steel wire rope can be adjusted, the tension balance of all the prepressing steel wire ropes is ensured, and secondly, the combined action of the torsion-proof compression spring and the first self-centering locking clamp is utilized, so that the prepressing steel wire rope can be effectively prevented from twisting in the length adjusting process to change the characteristic parameters of the steel wire rope.
Drawings
Fig. 1 to 6 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a disc spring damper according to the present invention, in which fig. 1 is a front view (fig. 3C-C rotation section), fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1 (pre-stressed wire rope is omitted), fig. 3 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 1 (pre-stressed wire rope is omitted), fig. 4 is a bottom view, fig. 5 is an enlarged structural view of a part i of fig. 1, and fig. 6 is an enlarged structural view of a part ii of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 to 11 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of the self-locking tension anchor of the steel wire rope in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 6, wherein fig. 7 is a front view (sectional view), in which a dotted line indicates a pre-stressed steel wire rope, fig. 8 is a bottom view, fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 7, fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 7, and fig. 11 is a sectional view taken along line F-F of fig. 7.
Fig. 12 to 16 are schematic structural views of a disc spring damper according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which fig. 12 is a front view (cross section), fig. 13 is a G-G cross section (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 12, fig. 14 is an H-H cross section (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 12, fig. 15 is a bottom view, and fig. 16 is an enlarged cross section I-I of fig. 13.
Fig. 17 to 21 are schematic structural views of a disc spring damper according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which fig. 17 is a front view (L-L rotation section in fig. 19), fig. 18 is a J-J section (with the preload wire rope omitted) in fig. 17, fig. 19 is a K-K section (with the preload wire rope omitted) in fig. 17, fig. 20 is an enlarged structural view of a part iii in fig. 17, and fig. 21 is an enlarged structural view of a part iv in fig. 17.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the damper in this embodiment is a vertical seismic isolation device (also called a vertical seismic isolation support) for building seismic resistance, and includes a guide sleeve 1, a first end cover 2, a second end cover 3, a disc spring group 4, and a back pressure device.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the guide sleeve 1 is in a circular tube shape, the upper end of the guide sleeve is contracted inwards and radially to form a first end cover 2 with a guide hole in the center, and the lower end of the guide sleeve extends outwards and radially to form a flange 5. The middle part of the second end cover 3 is upwards bulged to form an inverted basin shape, the peripheral edge is provided with a mounting hole 6, and the guide sleeve 1 is fixed on the upper surface of the bulged middle part through a flange 5 arranged at the lower end.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the driving member is composed of a movable platen 7 and an upper connecting plate 8, wherein the upper connecting plate 8 is disc-shaped, the edge of the upper connecting plate is provided with a mounting hole 6, the center of the lower end surface extends downwards to form a boss for guiding, the boss extends into the guide sleeve 1 from a guide hole arranged on the first end cover 2, and the boss is fixed with the movable platen 7 by a screw.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the disc spring set 4 is arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and a movable platen 7 in the driving member acts on the upper end surface of the disc spring set, wherein the disc spring set 4 is formed by vertically overlapping 16 disc springs pairwise in a relative manner. Referring to fig. 1, a gap 14 larger than the amplitude is provided between the upper connecting plate 8 and the first end cap 2; in order to avoid that during vibration a collision occurs between the movable platen 7 of the driving member and the first end cap 2, a collision avoidance gap 13 is provided between the movable platen 7 and the first end cap 2.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the back pressure device is arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and the specific scheme is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-6, the back pressure device comprises three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, three lifting ring screws 10 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, another three lifting ring screws 10 fixing one end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 and three steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 15. Wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the disc spring set 4 and the second end cover 3;
the three lifting bolts 10 as the steel wire rope direction changing elements are symmetrically fixed on the movable platen 7 of the driving component around the axis of the guide sleeve 1.
Referring to fig. 7-11, each steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 15 is composed of a first self-centering locking clamp, a second self-centering locking clamp, an anti-torsion compression spring 15-1 and a planar bearing 15-2, wherein:
the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat 15-3, the edge of the connecting seat 15-3 is provided with a mounting hole 15-12, the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss 15-4, the inside of the boss 15-4 is provided with a first taper hole 15-5 along the axial lead, a first tapered clamping jaw 15-7 consisting of 3 claw pieces is arranged in the taper hole, the peripheral surface of the boss 15-4 is sleeved with a tensioning screw sleeve 15-6, and the first tapered clamping jaw are in threaded connection; the small end of the first tapered clamp 15-7 points to the connecting seat 15-3, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve 15-6 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve 15-8, and a section of second taper hole 15-13 and a section of threaded hole are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve 15-8 along the axis; the second taper clamp 15-9 consisting of 3 claw pieces is arranged in the second taper hole 15-13, a hollow bolt 15-10 is arranged in the threaded hole, the head of the hollow bolt 15-10 is opposite to the big end of the second taper clamp 15-9, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve 15-8 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the plane bearing 15-2 is composed of a ball-retainer assembly 15-11 and annular raceways which are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve 15-6 opposite to the taper sleeve 15-8, wherein the annular raceways are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly 15-11;
the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning screw sleeve 15-6, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw 15-9 and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw 15-7 are in the same direction; the plane bearing 15-2 is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve 15-6 and the taper sleeve 15-8, and the anti-torsion compression spring 15-1 is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve 15-6. After the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw 15-7, the center hole of the plane bearing 15-2 and the space between the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw 15-9 through the anti-twisting compression spring 15-1, one end of the anti-twisting compression spring 15-1 acts on the first conical clamping jaw 15-7, and the other end acts on the taper sleeve 15-8 under the action of the tension of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 6, the connecting seat 15-3 of the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 15 is fixed on the lower surface of the raised middle part of the second end cover 3 by a screw, and the distance from the lower surface of the raised middle part of the second end cover 3 to the bottom surface of the second end cover 3 is greater than the height of the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 15.
Referring to fig. 1-6, three lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; three steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 15 are correspondingly arranged on the outer side of the second end cover 3 beside the opposite positions of the three lifting ring screws 10 arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11; three pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the central hole of the disc spring group 4 in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting ring screw 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through a lifting ring screw 10 which is used as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position which is near the fixed point of the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 and corresponds to a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device 15 arranged on the second end cover 3, and the steel wire rope self; on the floating back pressure steel plate 11, a through hole 12 penetrating through the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and the aperture of the through hole 12 is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9; and an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is formed in the position, through which each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 passes, of the second end cover 3.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6 in combination with fig. 7 to 11, in order to achieve the purpose of presetting the initial stiffness, the installation and tensioning methods of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 are as follows: (1) firstly, calculating the tension of the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 meeting the initial stiffness of the damper according to the initial stiffness preset by the damper and the characteristic parameters of the disc spring group 4; (2) assembling the damper according to the figure 1, and enabling each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 to penetrate out of central holes of a first conical clamping jaw 15-7, a second conical clamping jaw 15-9 and a hollow bolt 15-10 of a corresponding steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15; then, (3) tying the rope head of the exposed prepressing steel wire rope 9 on a traction tensioning machine, and monitoring the tension of the prepressing steel wire rope 9 by adopting a tension detector while traction tensioning; when the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tensioned to the tension required by the preset initial rigidity, moving a second self-centering locking clamp forwards, adjusting and screwing a tensioning screw sleeve 15-6 simultaneously, so that a plane bearing 15-2 is tightly clamped between the tensioning screw sleeve 15-6 and a taper sleeve 15-8, an anti-twisting compression spring 15-1 is compressed, the generated tension pushes a first tapered clamping jaw 15-7 to move forwards to clamp the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and then screwing a hollow bolt 15-10 to clamp the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 in the second tapered clamping jaw 15-9; and finally, removing the traction tensioning machine, cutting off the redundant prepressing steel wire rope 9, and clamping the disc spring group 4 between the movable pressing plate 7 and the floating back pressure steel plate 11 all the time.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7-11, in the construction process or daily maintenance process of installing the damper, if the tension of a certain pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is found to be insufficient, a tensioning threaded sleeve 15-6 in a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device 15 can be screwed for adjustment.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, since the damper is a vertical shock isolation device in this embodiment, when the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is tensioned, the sum of the tensions of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 is greater than or equal to the static load borne by the damper, so that the two-way elastic deformation symmetry of the damper can be ensured.
Under ideal conditions, the building should not displace when the vertical waves of the earthquake are transmitted to the building through the shock isolation device. Based on the above, the working principle of the earthquake-proof shock isolation device for buildings in the embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, when the dynamic load generated by the vertical wave of the earthquake overcomes the initial stiffness of the damper, if the dynamic load pushes up the second end cap 3 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1, the reaction force of the dynamic pressure plate 7 compresses the disc spring group 4 downward, and the second end cap 3 moves upward with the ground without the building moving; if the second end cover 3 is pulled down along the axis of the guide sleeve 1 by the dynamic load, the prepressing steel wire rope 9 reversely lifts the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 through the lifting bolt 10 serving as a steel wire rope direction changing element to compress the disc spring group 4 upwards, and the second end cover 3 moves downwards along with the ground, but the building still does not move. Therefore, when the ground vibrates up and down due to the longitudinal seismic wave, the disc spring set can be compressed to generate elastic deformation so as to consume energy.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 12 to 16, the damper in this embodiment is also a vertical seismic isolation device for earthquake resistance of a building, and is mainly improved on the basis of example 1 in the following points: (1) increasing the number of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 from three to six; (2) replacing the lifting eye screw 10 as a wire rope direction changing element with a U-shaped member 16; (3) increasing the number of the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 15 for fixing the other end of the prepressing steel wire rope 9 to six; (4) the counter-pressure device is correspondingly changed to:
the back pressure device consists of six pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, six U-shaped members 16 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, six lifting ring screws 10 for fixing one ends of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 and six steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 15 for fixing the other ends of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9; wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the disc spring set 4 and the second end cover 3;
six U-shaped members 16 serving as steel wire rope direction changing elements symmetrically fix the lower surfaces, positioned in the central holes of the disc spring sets 4, of the movable pressing plates 7 of the driving members around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; referring to fig. 16, the U-shaped member 16 is formed by bending round steel, and circular holes matched with two side edges of the U-shaped member 16 are arranged at corresponding positions of the movable platen 7 of the driving member where the U-shaped member 16 is arranged, the U-shaped member 16 is inserted into the circular holes, and the two are welded and fixed together;
six lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; six steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 15 are correspondingly arranged on the outer side of the second end cover 3 beside the opposite positions of the six lifting ring screws 10 arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11; six pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the central hole of the disc spring group 4 in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting ring screw 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through an opposite U-shaped member 16 serving as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position beside a fixed point on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 corresponding to a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 arranged on the second end cover 3, and the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 is; on the floating back pressure steel plate 11, a through hole 12 penetrating through the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and the aperture of the through hole 12 is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9; and an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is formed in the position, through which each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 passes, of the second end cover 3.
The other embodiments other than the above-described embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.
The working principle of the seismic isolation device for the earthquake resistance of the building in the embodiment is the same as that in the embodiment 1, and the public can analyze the seismic isolation device by referring to the embodiment 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 17 to 19, this example is a damper for earthquake-resistant reinforcement of a building structure, the damper includes a guide sleeve 1, a first end cap 2 and a second end cap 3 are respectively fixed at two ends of the guide sleeve 1, a disc spring set 4 is arranged inside the guide sleeve, a driving member extends into the guide sleeve 1 from the center of the first end cap 2 at one end of the guide sleeve and presses on the disc spring set 4; wherein the driving member is composed of a movable platen 7 and a first driving rod 17 connected with the movable platen, and the tail end of the first driving rod 17 is provided with a hinge hole 18.
Referring to fig. 17, a second driving rod 19 is integrally connected to the outside of the second end cap 3, and the end of the second driving rod 19 is also provided with a hinge hole 18.
Referring to fig. 17-21, a back pressure device is arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and the back pressure device is composed of three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, three fixed pulleys 20 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, three lifting bolts 10 for fixing one end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, and three steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 15 for fixing the other end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9. Wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the disc spring set 4 and the second end cover 3;
three fixed pulleys 20 as steel wire rope direction changing elements symmetrically fix the lower surface of the movable platen 7 of the driving member in the central hole of the disc spring group 4 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; wherein the fixed pulley 20 is hinged on a bracket which is welded on the movable platen 7 of the driving member;
three lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; three steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 15 are correspondingly arranged on the outer side of the second end cover 3 beside the opposite positions of the three lifting ring screws 10 arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11; three pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the central hole of the disc spring group 4 in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting ring screw 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through a fixed pulley 20 which is used as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position which is near the fixed point of the pre-pressing steel wire rope on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 and corresponds to a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device 15 arranged on the second end cover 3; on the floating back pressure steel plate 11, a through hole 12 penetrating through the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and the aperture of the through hole 12 is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9; and an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is formed in the position, through which each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 passes, of the second end cover 3.
The steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 in the scheme is completely the same as that in the embodiment 1, and the public can refer to the embodiment 1.
Referring to fig. 17, the damper for seismic reinforcement of a building structure according to the present embodiment operates as follows: when a dynamic load larger than the designed static load is relatively acted on the first driving rod 17 and the second driving rod 19 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1, the dynamic pressure plate 7 compresses the disc spring group 4 downwards, and the hinge holes 18 on the first driving rod 17 and the second driving rod 19 relatively move; when a dynamic load larger than a designed static load acts on the first driving rod 17 and the second driving rod 19 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1 in a reverse direction, the prepressing steel wire rope 9 reversely lifts the floating back-pressure steel plate 11 through the fixed pulley 20 to compress the belleville spring group 4, and the hinge holes 18 on the first driving rod 17 and the second driving rod 19 reversely move (at this time, the belleville spring group 4 is still in a pressed state). It can be seen that the axial dynamic load acting on the damper, either oppositely or oppositely, can compress the disc spring assembly 4 to cause it to elastically deform and consume energy.
Claims (4)
1. A disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity comprises a guide sleeve, wherein one end of the guide sleeve is provided with a first end cover, the other end of the guide sleeve is provided with a second end cover, and a disc spring group is coaxially arranged inside the guide sleeve; a driving component extends into the guide sleeve from the center of the first end cover and acts on the disc spring group, wherein the disc spring group is formed by vertically overlapping a group of disc springs; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the guide sleeve is also internally provided with a back pressure device which comprises more than three pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes and a floating back pressure steel plate, wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate is arranged between the disc spring set and the second end cover;
the steel wire rope direction changing element is symmetrically fixed on the driving component around the axis of the guide sleeve;
wire rope auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the self-centering locking clamp of second, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates out of the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw and the center hole of the plane bearing and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw through the anti-torsion compression spring, under the tension action of the prepressing steel wire rope, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the prepressing steel wire ropes are distributed in the central holes of the disc spring groups in a broken line state, one end of each prepressing steel wire rope is symmetrically fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, the other end of each prepressing steel wire rope rounds an opposite steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates through the floating back pressure steel plate beside the fixed point of the prepressing steel wire rope on the floating back pressure steel plate, and the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device is anchored on the second end cover; on the floating back pressure steel plate, a through hole for penetrating the pre-pressed steel wire rope is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressed steel wire rope, and the aperture of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressed steel wire rope;
and tensioning the pre-pressed steel wire rope to the tension required by setting the initial rigidity, so that the disc spring group is always clamped between the driving member and the floating back pressure steel plate.
2. The adjustable initial stiffness disc spring damper according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable initial stiffness disc spring damper is used for seismic reinforcement of building structures.
3. The disc spring damper with adjustable initial stiffness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the disc spring damper with adjustable initial stiffness is a vertical seismic isolation device for building seismic resistance.
4. A disc spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the wire rope redirection element is a fixed pulley, eye screw or U-shaped member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610905963.5A CN106368482A (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | Disc spring shock absorber with adjustable initial rigidity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610905963.5A CN106368482A (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | Disc spring shock absorber with adjustable initial rigidity |
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| CN106368482A true CN106368482A (en) | 2017-02-01 |
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| CN201610905963.5A Pending CN106368482A (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | Disc spring shock absorber with adjustable initial rigidity |
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| CN114670182A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Closed loop rope of low return gap of high rigidity drives automatically controlled integrative device of flexible arm drive |
| CN117885022A (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-04-16 | 扬中市天成密封科技有限公司 | Dust-free type machine tool for piston ring machining |
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| CN103867625A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-06-18 | 徐州工程学院 | Rope type self-reset shape memory alloy seismic isolation and seismic reduction support |
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| CN200943268Y (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2007-09-05 | 广州大学 | Improved tri-dimensional shock insulation device |
| CN201136517Y (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2008-10-22 | 中国北车集团四方车辆研究所 | Bidirectional buffer for pulling-pressing conversion of elastic body |
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