CN106567461A - Three-dimensional shock isolation support adjustable in vertical initial stiffness - Google Patents
Three-dimensional shock isolation support adjustable in vertical initial stiffness Download PDFInfo
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- CN106567461A CN106567461A CN201610903609.9A CN201610903609A CN106567461A CN 106567461 A CN106567461 A CN 106567461A CN 201610903609 A CN201610903609 A CN 201610903609A CN 106567461 A CN106567461 A CN 106567461A
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 229
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 229
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional shock isolation support adjustable in vertical initial stiffness. The three-dimensional shock isolation support comprises a vertical shock isolation support and a laminated rubber shock isolation support which are connected in series. The three-dimensional shock isolation support is characterized in that a back pressure device is further arranged in a guide sleeve of the vertical shock isolation support; the back pressure device comprises three or more prepressing steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements and a floating back pressure steel plate, and the number of the steel wire rope turning elements is equal to that of the prepressing steel wire ropes; the prepressing steel wire ropes are in broken line states; one ends of all the prepressing steel wire ropes are symmetrically fixed to the floating back pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, and the other ends of all the prepressing steel wire ropes are retraced after winding the corresponding steel wire rope turning elements in a penetrating mode, then penetrate through the floating back pressure steel plate from the positions beside fixing points of the prepressing steel wire ropes on the floating back pressure steel plate and are anchored to a base through corresponding steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage devices; and the prepressing steel wire ropes are tensioned to the tensile force required by the preset vertical initial stiffness, so that a rubber air spring is always clamped between a driving pressing plate and the floating back pressure steel plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building anti-vibration (or shock) device, in particular to a three-dimensional shock isolation device formed by connecting an interlayer steel plate rubber pad and a vertical shock isolation support in series.
Background
The shock isolation device is a shock isolation device arranged between a building and a foundation. The early seismic isolation devices were mainly two-dimensional seismic isolation bearings (laminated rubber seismic isolation bearings) constructed by alternately laminating rubber and thin steel plates, which could only isolate the horizontal component of seismic waves. With the improvement of the knowledge of the multidimensional characteristics of the earthquake, the three-dimensional shock isolation device is gradually paid more attention by researchers in the field. The most common three-dimensional shock isolation device is formed by connecting a laminated rubber shock isolation support and an existing vertical shock isolation support in series.
The invention patent application with publication number CN 102409777A discloses a three-dimensional shock-insulation and anti-overturning device, the main body mechanism of the device is formed by connecting a laminated rubber shock-insulation support 14 and a spring shock-insulation support 15 in series, the upper side and the lower side of the main body structure are respectively provided with an upper connecting plate 1 and a lower connecting plate 18, and the device is characterized in that: tensile steel wire ropes 16 which are uniformly distributed around the main body structure in a staggered mode are arranged between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 18, and the ultimate deformation of the tensile steel wire ropes 16 in the horizontal direction is larger than the horizontal shearing elastic deformation of the main body structure. Although the proposal of the patent application can improve the tensile strength of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device to resist the great tensile force generated by the swinging and even overturning of high-rise buildings in the earthquake, the proposal still has the following defects: 1. the spring shock insulation support can only compress energy dissipation and shock absorption, and cannot stretch the energy dissipation and shock absorption; 2. the spring shock insulation support can not preset initial rigidity, and is not convenient for presetting seismic intensity and reducing shock insulation cost.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN1932324A discloses an adjustable disc spring mechanical shock absorption damper, which comprises a shell, a load connecting rod and two groups of disc springs, wherein the load connecting rod and the two groups of disc springs are arranged in the shell, the middle part of the load connecting rod is provided with an adjusting gear fixedly connected with the load connecting rod, the load connecting rods on the two sides of the adjusting gear are respectively provided with a left-handed nut and a right-handed nut which are in threaded fit with the load connecting rod, and the two groups of disc springs are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut and are respectively clamped between the left-handed nut or the right-handed nut and a sealing plate at the. The damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted by only turning the adjusting gear on the load connecting rod to enable the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut to be close to or far away from each other, so that the pretightening force of the two groups of disk springs can be adjusted, and the use requirements of different frequencies and different amplitudes are met. However, the invention still has the following disadvantages: 1. the load connecting rod is kept in balance under the combined action of the two groups of disc springs, although the pretightening force of the two groups of disc springs can be adjusted, no matter how the pretightening force is adjusted, the acting forces of the two groups of disc springs on the load connecting rod are equal in one group, and opposite in direction, and the balance can be damaged only by applying any external force on the load connecting rod, so that the two groups of disc springs deform, and the damper cannot preset initial rigidity; 2. two groups of disc springs are matched to provide damping when the damper is under pressure or tension load, so that certain waste is caused, and the length of the damper is greatly increased.
Publication No. isCN101457553AThe invention patent application disclosesThe tuned mass damper with adjustable spring stiffness is a composite damper, the characteristic frequency of the tuned mass damper is changed by changing the thickness of a mass block, the damping ratio of the tuned mass damper is changed by changing the flow of a working medium of the viscous damper, and the stiffness of the tuned mass damper is changed by changing the effective working length of a spring, wherein three means are provided for changing the effective working length of the spring. It can be seen that although the spring in the patent application can change the stiffness, the effective working length of the spring is obviously shortened, and the spring can only compress energy consumption and reduce vibration but cannot stretch the energy consumption and reduce vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a three-dimensional shock insulation support capable of adjusting vertical initial rigidity, wherein the three-dimensional shock insulation device can compress energy consumption and vibration reduction and can stretch energy consumption and vibration reduction; but also maintains the effective working length of the spring in the vertical shock-insulation support.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a three-dimensional shock isolation support capable of adjusting vertical initial stiffness comprises a laminated rubber shock isolation support and a vertical shock isolation support which are sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; wherein,
the laminated rubber shock-insulation support comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a laminated rubber pad clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and at least three tensile steel wire ropes uniformly distributed around the laminated rubber pad; one end of the tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the upper connecting plate, the other end of the tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the connecting line of the upper fixing point and the lower fixing point is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad;
the vertical shock insulation support comprises a base, and a guide sleeve extending upwards is arranged on the upper surface of the base; a spring is coaxially arranged in the guide sleeve, and a driving pressing plate is arranged at the upper head of the spring; the middle part of the lower surface of the lower connecting plate of the laminated rubber shock-insulation support is sunken into the guide sleeve to form a bulge which is fixedly connected with the driving pressure plate;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the spring is a rubber air spring, the outer diameter of the rubber air spring is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide sleeve, and an annular space is formed between the rubber air spring and the guide sleeve;
a back pressure device is also arranged in the guide sleeve of the vertical shock insulation support; the back pressure device comprises more than three pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorages with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes and a floating back pressure steel plate, wherein,
the floating counter-pressure steel plate is arranged between the rubber air spring and the base;
the steel wire rope turning element is symmetrically fixed on the driving pressing plate around the axis of the guide sleeve;
wire rope auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the self-centering locking clamp of second, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates out of the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw and the center hole of the plane bearing and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw through the anti-torsion compression spring, under the tension action of the prepressing steel wire rope, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the prepressing steel wire ropes are distributed in the annular space in a broken line state, one end of each prepressing steel wire rope is symmetrically fixed on the floating counter-pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, the other end of each prepressing steel wire rope penetrates through an opposite steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates through the floating counter-pressure steel plate beside a fixed point of the prepressing steel wire rope on the floating counter-pressure steel plate, and the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device is anchored on the base; on the floating back pressure steel plate, a through hole for penetrating the pre-pressed steel wire rope is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressed steel wire rope, and the aperture of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressed steel wire rope;
the guide sleeve is in movable fit with the driving pressing plate and the floating counter-pressure steel plate respectively;
tensioning the pre-pressed steel wire rope to a tension required by setting vertical initial rigidity, so that the rubber air spring is always clamped between the driving pressing plate and the floating counter-pressure steel plate;
and tensioning the tensile steel wire rope to provide a pre-pressure equal to the designed static load for the laminated rubber pad.
The working principle of the vertical shock insulation of the three-dimensional shock insulation support is as follows: when the vertical dynamic load relatively acts along the axis of the guide sleeve, the pressure is transmitted to the driving pressure plate through the laminated rubber shock-insulation support, so that the rubber air spring is compressed by moving downwards; when the dynamic load acts along the axis of the guide sleeve in the opposite direction, the tensile force is transmitted to the driving pressure plate through the tensile steel wire rope, the driving pressure plate moves upwards, and the prepressing steel wire rope reversely hoists the floating counter-pressure steel plate compression rubber air spring through the steel wire rope turning element. Therefore, no matter the axial dynamic load is oppositely or reversely acted on the three-dimensional shock insulation support, the rubber air spring can be compressed, and the rubber air spring is elastically deformed to consume energy.
According to the working principle, the prepressing steel wire rope and the hole wall of the through hole in the floating back pressure steel plate cannot generate friction in the working process, otherwise, the up-and-down movement of the floating back pressure steel plate is interfered, so that the diameter of the through hole is larger than that of the prepressing steel wire rope, and the up-and-down movement of the floating back pressure steel plate is preferably not interfered and influenced.
In the above scheme, the wire rope direction changing element is a common fixed pulley or a hoisting ring-shaped member with a direction changing function similar to that of the common fixed pulley, such as a hoisting ring screw, a U-shaped member and the like.
According to the three-dimensional shock insulation support capable of adjusting the vertical initial stiffness, one end of the prepressing steel wire rope fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate can be fixed by welding, and can also be fastened and fixed by similar lifting ring screws.
In order to prevent the two ends of the rubber air spring from sliding on the driving pressing plate and the floating counter-pressure steel plate, the invention has another improvement scheme that: and positioning rings are arranged on the surfaces of the driving pressing plate opposite to the floating counter-pressure steel plate, and two ends of the rubber air spring are respectively embedded in the positioning rings.
Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional shock insulation support capable of adjusting the vertical initial stiffness has the following effects:
(1) in the vertical direction, the energy dissipation and the shock absorption can be compressed and stretched; the huge pulling force of the high-rise building on the building foundation due to swinging can be effectively reduced; only one rubber air spring is needed, the vertical length is small, and the stability is good.
(2) When the vertical dynamic load is larger than the preset resisting capacity of the vertical initial rigidity, the two-way elastic deformation of the vertical shock insulation support is symmetrical, so that the compression deformation energy consumption effect of the vertical shock insulation support is not influenced by the change of the positive direction and the negative direction of the vertical load;
(3) the vertical initial rigidity of the whole device can be changed by changing the length of the prepressing steel wire rope, the shock insulation support cannot be vertically deformed by external force before the vertical initial rigidity is overcome, the shaking of the building under the action of small earthquake and weak wind vibration is effectively inhibited, the wind and shock resistance grade of the building can be preset, and the wind and shock resistance cost is obviously reduced;
(4) in the process of presetting the initial rigidity, the effective working length of the rubber air spring is unchanged, and the original characteristic parameters of the rubber air spring cannot be changed.
(5) One end of a pre-pressed steel wire rope is fixed on the base by adopting the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage, firstly, the length of the pre-pressed steel wire rope can be adjusted, the tension balance of all the pre-pressed steel wire ropes is ensured, and secondly, the pre-pressed steel wire rope can be effectively prevented from twisting to change the characteristic parameters of the steel wire inhaul cable in the length adjusting process by utilizing the combined action of the anti-twisting compression spring and the first self-centering locking clamp.
(6) The tension and compression impact on the building foundation caused by the building shaking trend of the building can be effectively buffered, and the risk of overturning of the building is further reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 to 7 are schematic structural views of a specific embodiment of a three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing according to the present invention, where fig. 1 is a front view (D-D rotation section of fig. 3), fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a (with pre-stressed steel wire rope omitted) of fig. 1, fig. 3 is a sectional view B-B (with pre-stressed steel wire rope omitted) of fig. 1, fig. 4 is a sectional view C-C (with tensile steel wire rope omitted) of fig. 1, fig. 5 is a bottom view, fig. 6 is an enlarged structural view of a part i of fig. 1, and fig. 7 is an enlarged structural view of a part ii of fig..
Fig. 8 to 12 are schematic structural views of the self-locking tensioning anchor of the steel wire rope in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 7, wherein fig. 8 is a front view (sectional view), a broken line in the drawings indicates a pre-stressed steel wire rope, fig. 9 is a bottom view, fig. 10 is a sectional view of fig. 8 from E to E, fig. 11 is a sectional view of fig. 8 from F to F, and fig. 12 is a sectional view of fig. 8 from G to G.
Fig. 13 to 17 are schematic structural views of a third embodiment of the three-dimensional vibration isolating device according to the present invention, in which fig. 13 is a front view (cross-sectional view), fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view H-H (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 13, fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view I-I (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 13, fig. 16 is a bottom view, and fig. 17 is an enlarged cross-sectional view J-J of fig. 14.
Fig. 18 to 21 are schematic structural views of a third embodiment of the three-dimensional vibration damping device according to the present invention, in which fig. 18 is a front view (cross-sectional view), fig. 19 is a K-K cross-sectional view (without pre-stressing wire ropes) of fig. 18, fig. 20 is a L-L cross-sectional view (without pre-stressing wire ropes) of fig. 18, and fig. 21 is an enlarged view of a portion iii of fig. 18.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the three-dimensional isolation bearing in this example is composed of a laminated rubber isolation bearing and a vertical isolation bearing which are connected in series up and down.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the laminated rubber vibration-isolating support comprises an upper connecting plate 15, a lower connecting plate 8, a laminated rubber pad 17 clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and six tensile steel wire ropes 16; the upper connecting plate 15 and the lower connecting plate 8 are both disc-shaped, and the edge of the upper connecting plate 15 is provided with a mounting hole 6; the main body of the laminated rubber pad 17 is formed by alternately laminating a layer of rubber 17-1 and a layer of steel plate 17-2 and then performing mould pressing vulcanization, and a rubber protective layer 17-3 is naturally formed on the periphery of the laminated rubber pad in the mould pressing vulcanization process. The upper end face and the lower end face of the laminated rubber pad 17 main body are respectively provided with a connecting steel plate 17-4, and the two connecting steel plates 17-4 are respectively fixed with the upper connecting plate 15 and the lower connecting plate 8 through screws. The six tensile steel wire ropes 16 are symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the laminated rubber pad 17, one end of each tensile steel wire rope 16 is fixed on the upper connecting plate 15 through a lifting bolt 10, and the other end of each tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the lower connecting plate 8 through the lifting bolt 10. Each tensile steel wire rope 16 is tensioned, so that the sum of the tensions of the six tensile steel wire ropes 16 is equal to the designed vertical static load of the three-dimensional vibration isolation device in the embodiment, and after tensioning, each tensile steel wire rope 16 is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad 17.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the vertical shock insulation support comprises a guide sleeve 1, a base 3, a rubber air spring 4 and a back pressure device.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the guide sleeve 1 is in a circular tube shape, the upper end of the guide sleeve contracts inwards and radially to form an annular flange 2 for limiting and guiding, and the lower end of the guide sleeve extends outwards and radially to form a flange 5. The middle part of the base 3 is upwards bulged to form an inverted basin shape, the edges of the periphery of the base are provided with mounting holes 6, and the guide sleeve 1 is fixed on the upper surface of the bulged middle part of the base through a flange 5 arranged at the lower end of the guide sleeve.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a bag wall 4-1 of the rubber air spring 4 is formed by two curved bags connected in series, a waist ring 4-2 is hooped on the outer wall of the transition position of the two curved bags, two ends of the bag wall 4-1 are sealed by sealing end plates 4-3, the sealing end plates 4-3 are matched with connecting flanges 4-4 to clamp the edge of the end part of the bag wall 4-1 between the two curved bags, and compressed air is filled in the bag wall 4-1. The rubber air spring 4 is coaxially arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and the upper end of the rubber air spring 4 is provided with a driving pressure plate 7 which is in movable fit with the guide sleeve 1. The outer diameter of the rubber air spring 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide sleeve 1, and an annular space is formed between the two. The middle part of the lower surface of the lower connecting plate 8 is sunken into the guide sleeve 1 to form a tea cup-shaped protrusion 8-1, and the protrusion 8-1 is fixedly connected with the driving pressure plate 7 through screws.
Referring to fig. 1, a gap 14 larger than the amplitude is formed between the lower connecting plate 8 and the annular flange 2; in order to avoid the impact between the driving pressure plate 7 and the annular flange 2 during the vibration process, an anti-collision gap 13 is arranged between the driving pressure plate 7 and the annular flange 2.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the back pressure device is arranged in the annular space, and the specific scheme is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-7, the back pressure device comprises three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, three lifting ring screws 10 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, another three lifting ring screws 10 fixing one end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 and three steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 19. Wherein,
the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the rubber air spring 4 and the base 3 and is in movable fit with the guide sleeve 1;
the three lifting bolts 10 as steel wire rope direction changing elements are symmetrically fixed on the driving pressing plate 7 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1.
Referring to fig. 8-12, each steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 19 is composed of a first self-centering locking clamp, a second self-centering locking clamp, an anti-torsion compression spring 19-1 and a planar bearing 19-2, wherein:
the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat 19-3, the edge of the connecting seat 19-3 is provided with a mounting hole 19-12, the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss 19-4, the inside of the boss 19-4 is provided with a first taper hole 19-5 along the axial lead, a first tapered clamping jaw 19-7 consisting of 3 claw pieces is arranged in the taper hole, the peripheral surface of the boss 19-4 is sleeved with a tensioning screw sleeve 19-6, and the first tapered clamping jaw are in threaded connection; the small end of the first tapered clamp 19-7 points to the connecting seat 19-3, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve 19-6 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve 19-8, and a section of second taper hole 19-13 and a section of threaded hole are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve 19-8 along the axis; the second taper clamping jaw 19-9 consisting of 3 jaw pieces is arranged in the second taper hole 19-13, the threaded hole is internally provided with a hollow bolt 19-10, the head of the hollow bolt 19-10 is opposite to the big end of the second taper clamping jaw 19-9, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve 19-8 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the plane bearing 19-2 is composed of a ball-retainer assembly 19-11 and annular raceways which are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve 19-6 opposite to the taper sleeve 19-8, wherein the annular raceways are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly 19-11;
the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning screw sleeve 19-6, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw 19-9 and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw 19-7 are in the same direction; the plane bearing 19-2 is positioned between the tensioning screw sleeve 19-6 and the taper sleeve 19-8, and the anti-torsion compression spring 19-1 is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning screw sleeve 19-6. After the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw 19-7, the center hole of the plane bearing 19-2 and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw 19-9 through the anti-twisting compression spring 19-1, one end of the anti-twisting compression spring 19-1 acts on the first conical clamping jaw 19-7, and the other end acts on the conical sleeve 19-8 under the action of the tension of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 7, the connecting seat 19-3 of each steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 19 is fixed on the lower surface of the raised middle part of the base 3 by screws, and the distance between the lower surface of the raised middle part of the base 3 and the bottom surface of the base 3 is greater than the height of the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 19.
Referring to fig. 1-7, three lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; three steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 19 are correspondingly arranged at the outer side of the base 3 beside the opposite positions of the three lifting ring screws 10 arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11; three pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the annular space in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting ring screw 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through a lifting ring screw 10 serving as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position beside a fixed point on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 corresponding to a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device 19 arranged on a base 3, and the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device 19 is; on the floating back pressure steel plate 11, a through hole 12 penetrating through the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and the aperture of the through hole 12 is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9; on the base 3, an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is arranged at the position where each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 passes through.
And positioning rings 18 with the inner diameter matched with the outer diameter of the sealing end plates 4-3 of the rubber air springs 4 are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the driving pressing plate 7 and the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, and the sealing end plates 4-3 at the two ends of the rubber air springs 4 are respectively embedded in the positioning rings 18 on the driving pressing plate 7 and the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7 in combination with fig. 8 to 12, in order to achieve the purpose of presetting the vertical initial stiffness, the installation and tensioning methods of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 are as follows: (1) firstly, calculating the tension of a pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 meeting the preset vertical initial stiffness according to the vertical initial stiffness required to be preset and the characteristic parameters of the rubber air spring 4; (2) assembling the vertical seismic isolation support according to the figure 1, and enabling the other end of each prepressing steel wire rope 9 to penetrate out of central holes of a first conical clamping jaw 19-7, a second conical clamping jaw 19-9 and a hollow bolt 19-10 of a corresponding steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 19; then, (3) tying the rope head of the exposed prepressing steel wire rope 9 on a traction tensioning machine, and monitoring the tension of the prepressing steel wire rope 9 by adopting a tension detector while traction tensioning; when the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tensioned to the tension required by the preset vertical initial stiffness, the second self-centering locking clamp is moved forwards, meanwhile, the tightening screw sleeve 19-6 is adjusted and screwed, so that the plane bearing 19-2 is tightly clamped between the tightening screw sleeve 19-6 and the taper sleeve 19-8, the anti-twisting compression spring 19-1 is compressed, the generated tension pushes the first tapered clamping jaw 19-7 to move forwards to clamp the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and then the hollow bolt 19-10 is screwed to clamp the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 in the second tapered clamping jaw 19-9; removing the traction tensioning machine, cutting off the redundant prepressing steel wire rope 9, and clamping the rubber air spring 4 between the driving pressing plate 7 and the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 all the time; (4) and finally, installing the laminated rubber shock-insulation support above the lower connecting plate 8 according to the figures 1 and 4 to obtain the three-dimensional shock-insulation support.
Referring to fig. 1 and 8-12, in the construction process or daily maintenance process of installing the seismic isolation support, if the tension of a certain pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is insufficient, a tensioning threaded sleeve 19-6 in a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 19 can be screwed for adjustment.
When the vertical initial stiffness is preset, the sum of the tensions of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 is more than or equal to the vertical static load borne by the three-dimensional shock insulation support.
Under ideal conditions, the building should not displace when vertical waves of an earthquake are transmitted to the building through the seismic isolation support. Based on this, the working principle of the vertical shock insulation of the three-dimensional shock insulation support of the embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, when the dynamic load generated by the vertical wave of the earthquake overcomes the vertical initial stiffness, if the dynamic load pushes up the base 3 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1, the reaction force of the driving pressure plate 7 compresses the rubber air spring 4 downwards, and the base 3 moves upwards along with the ground without the building moving; if the base 3 is pulled down along the axis of the guide sleeve 1 by the dynamic load, the prepressing steel wire rope 9 reversely lifts the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 through the lifting bolt 10 serving as a steel wire rope turning element, the rubber air spring 4 is compressed upwards, the base 3 moves downwards along with the ground, but the building still does not move. Therefore, when the ground vibrates up and down due to the longitudinal seismic wave, the rubber air spring can be compressed to generate elastic deformation so as to consume energy. Similarly, when the building shakes under the action of wind vibration or horizontal seismic waves, the rubber air spring can be compressed to generate elastic deformation and consume energy no matter whether the dynamic load generated by the building on the three-dimensional shock insulation support is pulling force or pressure.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 13 to 17, the present example is mainly improved based on example 1 in the following points: (1) increasing the number of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 from three to four; (2) replacing the lifting eye screw 10 as a steel wire rope direction changing element with a U-shaped member 20; (3) increasing the number of the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 19 for fixing the other end of the prepressing steel wire rope 9 to four; (4) the counter-pressure device is correspondingly changed to:
the back pressure device consists of four pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, four U-shaped components 20 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, four lifting ring screws 10 for fixing one end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 and four steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors for fixing the other end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9; wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the rubber air spring 4 and the base 3 and is in movable fit with the guide sleeve 1;
four U-shaped components 20 which are used as steel wire rope turning elements are symmetrically fixed on the lower surface of the driving pressure plate 7 around the periphery of the rubber air spring 4 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; referring to fig. 17, the U-shaped member 20 is formed by bending round steel, and round holes matched with two side edges of the U-shaped member 20 are formed in the corresponding positions of the driving platen 7 where the U-shaped member 20 is arranged, the U-shaped member 20 is inserted into the round holes, and the two are welded and fixed together;
four lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; four steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 19 are correspondingly arranged on the outer side of the base 3 beside the opposite positions of the four lifting ring screws 10 arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11; four pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the annular space in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting bolt 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through an opposite U-shaped member 20 serving as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, and then the pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 pass through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the positions, corresponding to steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorages 19 arranged on the base 3, beside the fixed points on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, and are anchored on the base 3 by the steel; on the floating back pressure steel plate 11, a through hole 12 penetrating through the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and the aperture of the through hole 12 is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9; on the base 3, an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is arranged at the position where each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 passes through.
The other embodiments other than the above-described embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.
The working principle of the seismic isolation support for the building seismic resistance is the same as that of the example 1, and the public can analyze the seismic isolation support by referring to the example 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 18 to 21, the present example is mainly improved based on example 1 in the following points: (1) replacing a lifting eye screw 10 serving as a steel wire rope turning element with a fixed pulley 21; (2) the counter-pressure device is correspondingly changed to:
the back pressure device consists of six pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, six fixed pulleys 21 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, six lifting ring screws 10 for fixing one ends of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 and six steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors for fixing the other ends of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9; wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the rubber air spring 4 and the base 3 and is in movable fit with the guide sleeve 1;
six fixed pulleys 21 serving as steel wire rope turning elements are symmetrically fixed on the lower surface, positioned on the periphery of the rubber air spring 4, of the driving pressing plate 7 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; wherein, the fixed pulley 21 is hinged on a bracket which is welded on the driving pressure plate 7;
six lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; six steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchors 19 are correspondingly arranged on the outer side of the base 3 beside the opposite positions of the six lifting ring screws 10 arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11; six pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the annular space in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting ring screw 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through a fixed pulley 21 which is used as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position which is near the fixed point on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 and corresponds to a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 19 arranged on a base 3, and the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 19; on the floating back pressure steel plate 11, a through hole 12 penetrating through the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and the aperture of the through hole 12 is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9; on the base 3, an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is arranged at the position where each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 passes through.
The other embodiments other than the above-described embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.
The working principle of the seismic isolation support for the building seismic resistance is the same as that of the example 1, and the public can analyze the seismic isolation support by referring to the example 1.
Claims (3)
1. A three-dimensional shock isolation support capable of adjusting vertical initial stiffness comprises a laminated rubber shock isolation support and a vertical shock isolation support which are sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; wherein,
the laminated rubber shock-insulation support comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a laminated rubber pad clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and at least three tensile steel wire ropes uniformly distributed around the laminated rubber pad; one end of the tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the upper connecting plate, the other end of the tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the connecting line of the upper fixing point and the lower fixing point is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad;
the vertical shock insulation support comprises a base, and a guide sleeve extending upwards is arranged on the upper surface of the base; a spring is coaxially arranged in the guide sleeve, and a driving pressing plate is arranged at the upper head of the spring; the middle part of the lower surface of the lower connecting plate of the laminated rubber shock-insulation support is sunken into the guide sleeve to form a bulge which is fixedly connected with the driving pressure plate;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the spring is a rubber air spring, the outer diameter of the rubber air spring is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide sleeve, and an annular space is formed between the rubber air spring and the guide sleeve;
a back pressure device is also arranged in the guide sleeve of the vertical shock insulation support; the back pressure device comprises more than three pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorages with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes and a floating back pressure steel plate, wherein,
the floating counter-pressure steel plate is arranged between the rubber air spring and the base;
the steel wire rope turning element is symmetrically fixed on the driving pressing plate around the axis of the guide sleeve;
wire rope auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the self-centering locking clamp of second, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates out of the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw and the center hole of the plane bearing and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw through the anti-torsion compression spring, under the tension action of the prepressing steel wire rope, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the prepressing steel wire ropes are distributed in the annular space in a broken line state, one end of each prepressing steel wire rope is symmetrically fixed on the floating counter-pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, the other end of each prepressing steel wire rope penetrates through an opposite steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates through the floating counter-pressure steel plate beside a fixed point of the prepressing steel wire rope on the floating counter-pressure steel plate, and the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device is anchored on the base; on the floating back pressure steel plate, a through hole for penetrating the pre-pressed steel wire rope is arranged at the penetrating position of each pre-pressed steel wire rope, and the aperture of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the pre-pressed steel wire rope;
the guide sleeve is in movable fit with the driving pressing plate and the floating counter-pressure steel plate respectively;
tensioning the pre-pressed steel wire rope to a tension required by setting vertical initial rigidity, so that the rubber air spring is always clamped between the driving pressing plate and the floating counter-pressure steel plate;
and tensioning the tensile steel wire rope to provide a pre-pressure equal to the designed static load for the laminated rubber pad.
2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing with the adjustable vertical initial stiffness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel wire rope direction changing element is a fixed pulley, a lifting bolt or a U-shaped member.
3. The three-dimensional vibration-isolating support capable of adjusting the vertical initial stiffness as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein positioning rings are arranged on the surfaces of the driving pressing plate opposite to the floating counter-pressure steel plate, and two ends of the rubber air spring are respectively embedded in the positioning rings.
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| CN201610903609.9A CN106567461A (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | Three-dimensional shock isolation support adjustable in vertical initial stiffness |
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| CN109138174A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-04 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of suspension type energy consumption shock isolating pedestal |
| CN110117993A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-13 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of assembled architecture support with function of seismic resistance |
| CN111608455A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2020-09-01 | 同济大学 | A three-dimensional isolation system |
| CN114434286A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-06 | 广东博科数控机械有限公司 | Vertical pneumatic shock attenuation polisher |
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