CN106382322B - A kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness - Google Patents
A kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness Download PDFInfo
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- CN106382322B CN106382322B CN201610903553.7A CN201610903553A CN106382322B CN 106382322 B CN106382322 B CN 106382322B CN 201610903553 A CN201610903553 A CN 201610903553A CN 106382322 B CN106382322 B CN 106382322B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- wirerope
- precompressed
- steel plate
- spring
- pressure steel
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
- F16F7/116—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on metal springs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/08—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber
- F16F3/10—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of complex spring dampers of adjustable initial stiffness, it is characterized in that, backpressure device is additionally provided in guide sleeve, the backpressure device includes three or more precompressed wirerope, the wirerope deflecting element equal with precompressed wirerope quantity, the self-locking tensioning anchorage of the wirerope equal with precompressed wirerope quantity and one block of floating back-pressure steel plate, wherein the precompressed wirerope is distributed in the annular space with broken line state, and an axisymmetrical around the guide sleeve of each precompressed wirerope is fixed on floating back-pressure steel plate, other end was turned back after passing around an opposite wirerope deflecting element, then floating back-pressure steel plate is passed through by the fixed point on floating back-pressure steel plate from the precompressed wirerope, it is fixed in second end cover by the self-locking tensioning anchorage of wirerope；By tension needed for precompressed steel wire tensioning to setting initial stiffness, it is clamped in complex spring always between drive member and floating back-pressure steel plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of building vibration proof (or vibration) devices, and in particular to the damping unit containing complex spring.
Background technique
Complex spring full name is rubber-metal spiral complex spring, is one layer of rubber material of package around metal coil spring
Expect a kind of spring made of composite sulfuration.Complex spring has the non-thread characteristic of rubber spring, and has metal coil spring big
The characteristic of deformation and large carrying capacity, stability and bearing capacity are better than rubber spring.Since complex spring has similar rubber
The characteristic working curve of glue air spring, but simple compared with rubber air spring structure, gas-tight risk, therefore be also used for
Substitution rubber air spring is widely used in mine, the energy-eliminating shock-absorbing and building shock insulation of the large-scale vibratings equipment such as metallurgy, coal.
Single metal coil spring can only be independently operated on stretching or compress (i.e. so-called tension spring or pressure under one of state
Spring), and rubber spring often can only operate in compressive state, tensile capacity is weak, therefore compound bullet made of the two composite sulfuration
Spring is usually compressed spring, can only unidirectional vibration damping.If being intended to for complex spring to be used for two-way vibration damping occasion, need using at least two
Complex spring forms damper, cuts down direction vibration respectively using the elasticity of compression deformation of two complex springs.
Authorization Notice No. is that the utility application of 204081122 U of CN discloses a kind of wind resistance damping for building
Two elastomers (i.e. two helical springs) in guide sleeve are respectively and fixedly connected on center shaft by spring-damper, the damper
On centre limitation component, when damper is tension or in compression, one of elastomer tension, another elastomer is pressurized, thus real
Existing wind resistance damping.But the utility model patent is clearly present following disadvantages: 1, needing two helical springs, entire damper
Length it is longer, be not suitable for apart from lesser space install；2, it is difficult and even impossible to guarantee two springs in technique
Rigidity (including tensible rigidity and compression stiffness) is equal, therefore wind direction difference damping effect is difference；3, damper can not be changed
Initial stiffness, reach default wind resistance rank, reduce the purpose of damping cost；4, a helical spring is being stretched and is being compressed simultaneously
It works under two states, the metal material and production technology of existing spring are difficult to meet the requirements, can only be by reducing helical spring
Regime of elastic deformation come realize stretching and compression two kinds of working conditions, this will obviously result in waste of resources.To by compound bullet
Spring obviously also needs to utilize two complex spring composition wind resistance dampers as above-mentioned utility model patent for wind-resistant vibration, and
The damper so formed obviously also have above-mentioned patent it is the same the shortcomings that.
In addition, people for the design of the anti-seismic structure of anti-seismic structure especially high-rise pursue a kind of " anti-" and
The anti-seismic performance for the synthesis that " consumption " combines, i.e., anti-seismic structure can mention under the action of weak wind shake and small earthquake for building main body
The effect of external load is resisted for additional additional stiffness, the integrality of retainer body structure avoids in main structure body appearance
Portion's damage；Anti-seismic structure then starts yield deformation under the action of high wind vibration and violent earthquake, passes through the damper in anti-seismic structure
Damping action come the external energy that dissipates, so that main structure body is unlikely to be seriously damaged in high wind vibration and violent earthquake and is even fallen
It collapses.This just requires to be able to maintain rigidity under the action of external weak load applied to anti-seismic structure, does not deform；In external intense loading
Energy consumption can be then deformed under the action of lotus.However existing isolated component can not perfectly meet above-mentioned antidetonation demand.
The application for a patent for invention of Publication No. CN101457553A discloses one kind, and " spring stiffness adjustable tuning quality subtracts
Shake device ", which is a kind of composite buffer, and the thickness by changing mass block changes its characteristic frequency, viscous by changing
The flow of the working media of stagnant damper changes its damping ratio, and effective active length by changing spring changes its rigidity,
There are three types of the means of the middle effective active length for changing spring, first is that spring to be located to one section solidified in cylinder using curing materials
Solidification, second is that filling in constraint block in the center of helical spring, and the two is interference fitted, and makes contact with constraint block one section of spring
Helical raised is stuck between spring wire third is that helical raised is arranged on constraint block surface, makes to block between spring wire by failure
There is one section of spring failure of helical raised.The means of effective active length of above-mentioned three kinds of changes spring are simply not proposed to multiple
Close spring；In addition effective active length of the resistance damper of this form not only spring is obviously shortened, but also can only compress energy consumption
Vibration damping cannot stretch passive energy dissipation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness, the resistances
Buddhist nun's device not only maintains effective active length of complex spring, but also not only compressible passive energy dissipation, but also stretchable passive energy dissipation.
The technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is:
A kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness, the damper include guide sleeve, and one of the guide sleeve
Equipped with first end cover, other end is equipped with second end cover, and inside is coaxially provided with spring；One drive member is put in by first end cover center
In guide sleeve and act on the spring；It is characterized in that,
The spring is complex spring (full name is rubber-metal spiral complex spring), and the outer diameter of the complex spring is less than
The internal diameter of guide sleeve forms therebetween an annular space；
Be additionally provided with backpressure device in the guide sleeve, the backpressure device include three or more precompressed wirerope, with it is pre-
The equal wirerope deflecting element of compressed steel cord quantity, the self-locking tensioning anchorage of the wirerope equal with precompressed wirerope quantity and one
Block floating back-pressure steel plate, wherein
The floating back-pressure steel plate is located between complex spring and second end cover；
The wirerope deflecting element is in the fixed drive member of axisymmetrical of the guide sleeve；
The self-locking tensioning anchorage of the wirerope is by the first self-centering locking fixture, the second self-centering locking fixture, anti-torsion
Compressed spring and plane bearing composition, in which:
A the first self-centering locking fixture described in) has a connecting seat, and the middle part of the attachment base one end is equipped with axially extending
Cylindrical boss, the internal of the boss are equipped with the first taper clamping jaw being made of 3~5 claw pieces along axial line, and outer peripheral surface is arranged
There is tensioning swivel nut；Wherein, the microcephaly of first tapered clamp is directed toward attachment base, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning swivel nut is positive six sides
Shape；
B the second self-centering locking fixture described in) has a tapered sleeve, and the internal of the tapered sleeve is successively arranged along axis by 3~5
The the second taper clamping jaw and hollow bolt of claw piece composition, wherein the head of the hollow bolt and the second taper clamping jaw
Major part is opposite, and the outer peripheral surface of the tapered sleeve is regular hexagon；
C the plane bearing described in) by ball-retainer component and is respectively provided at the tensioning swivel nut end face opposite with tapered sleeve
On ring raceway constitute, wherein the ring raceway matches with the ball in ball-retainer component；
D) the second self-centering locking fixture is located at the outside on the tensioning swivel nut head, and the second taper clamping jaw microcephaly
It is consistent with the direction of the first taper clamping jaw microcephaly；The plane bearing is described between tensioning swivel nut and the tapered sleeve
Anti- compressed spring of turning round is located in the inner hole of tensioning swivel nut；When between calvus of the precompressed wirerope by the first taper clamping jaw through anti-torsion press
After being pierced by between the calvus of the centre bore and the second taper clamping jaw of contracting spring and plane bearing, acted in precompressed steel wire rope tension
Under, anti-one for turning round compressed spring acts on the first taper clamping jaw, and other end acts on tapered sleeve；
The precompressed wirerope is distributed in the annular space with broken line state, and the one of each precompressed wirerope
Head is fixed on floating back-pressure steel plate around the axisymmetrical of the guide sleeve, and other end passed around an opposite wirerope and becomes
It turns back after to element, then passes through floating back-pressure steel plate by the fixed point on floating back-pressure steel plate from the precompressed wirerope, by
The self-locking tensioning anchorage of wirerope is fixed in second end cover；
On the floating back-pressure steel plate, it is equipped with each precompressed steel wire penetrating position across precompressed wirerope
Through-hole, the aperture of the through-hole are greater than the diameter of the precompressed wirerope；
Dynamic cooperation is respectively adopted between the guide sleeve and drive member and floating back-pressure steel plate；
By tension needed for precompressed steel wire tensioning to setting initial stiffness, the complex spring is made to be clamped in drive always
Between dynamic component and floating back-pressure steel plate.
The working principle of above-mentioned complex spring damper is as follows: when dynamic loading acts on relatively along the axis of guide sleeve, institute
The drive member stated compresses downwards complex spring；When dynamic loading acts on opposite to each other along the axis of guide sleeve, precompressed wirerope passes through
Wirerope deflecting element reversely slings floating back-pressure steel plate compression complex spring.It can be seen that no matter opposite axial dynamic loading is also
To be acted on complex spring damper opposite to each other, can compression combined spring, bring it about flexible deformation and consume energy.
It is as above-mentioned working principle as it can be seen that logical on precompressed wirerope described in the course of work and the floating back-pressure steel plate
The hole wall in hole cannot generate friction, otherwise interfere with moving up and down for floating back-pressure steel plate, therefore the through-hole diameter compares institute
The diameter for stating precompressed wirerope is how many greatly, should be advisable with not interfering and influencing moving up and down for floating back-pressure steel plate.
In above scheme, the wirerope deflecting element is the hanging ring shape structure of common fixed pulley or similar deflecting function
Part, such as lifting bolt, U-shaped component.
The complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness of the present invention, wherein the precompressed wirerope is fixed on
One on floating back-pressure steel plate can be used and be welded and fixed, and similar lifting bolt system can also be used and connect fixation.
To prevent the complex spring both ends from sliding in the drive member and floating back-pressure steel plate, of the invention is another
A improvement project is: a positioning ring is respectively equipped on the drive member surface opposite with floating back-pressure steel plate, it is described compound
The both ends of spring are embedded in respectively in the positioning ring.
Complex spring damper of the present invention can be widely used for mechanical and building field, e.g., vibration inside mechanical equipment
Dynamic isolation, Equipment Foundations shock insulation, the seismic hardening of building structure, antidetonation of heavy construction etc..
The complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness of the invention has the effect that compared with the prior art
(1) apply external force along axis, no matter the external force is pressure or pulling force, and the complex spring can generate elasticity
Compressive deformation and consume energy；
(2) after dynamic loading, which is greater than damper, presets the resilience of initial stiffness, the two-way bullet of damper of the present invention
Property deformation it is symmetrical, therefore the effect of its compressive deformation energy consumption is not influenced because of the variation of the positive negative direction of external applied load, for building knot
The Design of Reinforcement such as structure wind load resistance are provided convenience condition；
(3) as long as the length for changing wirerope is the initial stiffness that entire damper can be changed, external force is overcoming this initial
When damper can not be made to be deformed before rigidity, therefore be used for building shock insulation, earthquake intensity can be preset, is significantly reduced
Shock insulation cost；
(4) it only can be realized with a complex spring and stretching and compressing two kinds of working conditions, significantly shorten damper
Length.
(5) length for presetting the precompressed wirerope can preset damper initial stiffness, and the complex spring has
It is constant to imitate active length, the original characterisitic parameter of complex spring will not be changed.
(6) one of precompressed wirerope is fixed in second end cover using wirerope self-locking tensioning anchorage, first is that can be right
The length of precompressed wirerope is adjusted, and guarantees the equalization of strain of all precompressed wirerope, second is that using anti-torsion compressed spring and
The synergy of first self-centering locking fixture, can effectively prevent precompressed wirerope twisted during carrying out length adjustment and
Change the characterisitic parameter of wire digging line.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1~6 are the structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of damper of the present invention, wherein Fig. 1 is main view
(the C-C rotation of Fig. 3 is cutd open), the A-A cross-sectional view (omitting precompressed wirerope) that Fig. 2 is Fig. 1, the B-B cross-sectional view that Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 (omit
Precompressed wirerope), Fig. 4 is bottom view, and Fig. 5 is the schematic enlarged-scale view of the part Fig. 1 I, and Fig. 6 is the schematic enlarged-scale view of the part Fig. 1 II.
Fig. 7~11 are the structural schematic diagram of the self-locking tensioning anchorage of wirerope in the illustrated embodiment of Fig. 1~6, wherein Fig. 7 is
Main view (section view), dotted line indicates that precompressed wirerope, Fig. 8 are bottom view in figure, and Fig. 9 is the D-D sectional view of Fig. 7, Figure 10 Fig. 7
E-E sectional view, Figure 11 be Fig. 7 F-F cross-sectional view.
Figure 12~16 are the structural schematic diagram of second specific embodiment of damper of the present invention, wherein Tu12Wei
Main view (section view), the G-G cross-sectional view (omitting precompressed wirerope) that Figure 13 is Figure 12, the H-H cross-sectional view that Figure 14 is Figure 12 (omit
Precompressed wirerope), Figure 15 is bottom view, and Figure 16 is the I-I cutaway view Amplified image of Figure 13.
Figure 17~21 are the structural schematic diagram of the third specific embodiment of damper of the present invention, wherein Figure 17
For main view (section view), the J-J cross-sectional view (omitting precompressed wirerope) that Figure 18 is Figure 17, the K-K cross-sectional view that Figure 19 is Figure 17 (is saved
Slightly precompressed wirerope), Figure 20 is bottom view, and Figure 21 is the schematic enlarged-scale view of the part Figure 17 III.
Specific embodiment
Example 1
Referring to Fig. 1~6, damper described in this example is that a kind of vertical earthquake isolating equipment for Antiseismic building is (also referred to as perpendicular
To shock isolating pedestal), it includes guide sleeve 1, first end cover 2, second end cover 3, complex spring 4 and backpressure device.
Referring to Fig. 1~3, the guide sleeve 1 is circular tube shaped, and both ends extend radially outwards to form ring flange 5.Described
One end cap 2 is connect with the ring flange 5 of 1 upper end of guide sleeve, and center is equipped with pilot hole；The middle part of the second end cover 3 is upward
Protuberance forms inverted washbowl shape, and the edge of surrounding is equipped with mounting hole 6, and the guide sleeve 1 passes through ring flange 5 set by lower end
It is fixed on the upper surface at the middle part of its protuberance.
Referring to Fig. 1~3, the drive member is made of dynamic pressure plate 7 and upper junction plate 8, wherein the side of upper junction plate 8
Edge be equipped with mounting hole 6, middle concave part at teacup shape drive rod 8-1；The drive rod 8-1 is by set in first end cover 2
Pilot hole is put in guide sleeve 1, and is fixed together by screw and dynamic pressure plate 7, wherein the dynamic pressure plate 7 and the guide sleeve 1
Dynamic cooperation.
Referring to Fig. 1~3, the complex spring 4 is by cylindrical helical compression spring 4-1 and is wrapped in cylindrical helical compression
Rubber spring 4-2 composite sulfuration outside spring 4-1 forms.The complex spring 4 is coaxially located in guide sleeve 1, drive member
In dynamic pressure plate 7 act on end face thereon.The outer diameter of the complex spring 4 is less than the internal diameter of guide sleeve 1, is formed therebetween
Annular space.
The gap 14 greater than amplitude is equipped with referring to Fig. 1, between upper junction plate 8 and first end cover 2；In order to avoid vibration processes
Described in drive member dynamic pressure plate 7 and first end cover 2 between generate shock, be equipped between the dynamic pressure plate 7 and first end cover 2
Anticollision gap 13.
Referring to Fig. 1~3, the backpressure device is located in guide sleeve 1, and concrete scheme is as follows:
Referring to Fig. 1~6, the backpressure device is only used as hanging for wirerope deflecting element by three precompressed wirerope 9, three
10, one blocks of floating back-pressure steel plates 11 of ring screw, three lifting bolts 10 of fixed 9 one, precompressed wirerope and three wirerope are certainly
Lock tensioning anchorage 16 forms.Wherein,
The floating back-pressure steel plate 11 is located between complex spring 4 and second end cover 3, and is moved and matched with the guide sleeve 1
It closes；
The lifting bolt 10 that described three are only used as wirerope deflecting element is fixed around the axisymmetrical of the guide sleeve 1
It is located at the lower surface of 4 surrounding of complex spring on the dynamic pressure plate 7 of the drive member.
Referring to Fig. 7~11, each self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of wirerope is by the first self-centering locking fixture, the second self-centering lock
Clamper, anti-torsion compressed spring 16-1 and plane bearing 16-2 composition, in which:
The first self-centering locking fixture has a connecting seat 16-3, and the edge of attachment base 16-3 is equipped with mounting hole
16-12, the middle part of lower end are equipped with axially extending cylindrical boss 16-4, and the internal of boss 16-4 is equipped with first along axial line
Taper hole 16-5, the taper hole is interior to be equipped with the first taper clamping jaw 16-7 being made of 3 claw pieces, and the outer peripheral surface of the boss 16-4 is arranged
There is tensioning swivel nut 16-6, is threadedly coupled therebetween；Wherein, the microcephaly of the first tapered clamp 16-7 is directed toward attachment base 16-3,
The outer peripheral surface of the tensioning swivel nut 16-6 is regular hexagon；
The second self-centering locking fixture has a tapered sleeve 16-8, internal being successively arranged along axis of tapered sleeve 16-8
One section of second taper hole 16-13 and one section of threaded hole；Wherein, the second taper being made of 3 claw pieces is equipped in the second taper hole 16-13
Clamping jaw 16-9, the threaded hole is interior to be equipped with hollow bolt 16-10, the head of hollow bolt 16-10 and the second taper clamping jaw 16-
9 major part is opposite, and the outer peripheral surface of the tapered sleeve 16-8 is regular hexagon；
The plane bearing 16-2 is by ball-retainer component 16-11 and is respectively provided at tensioning swivel nut 16-6 and tapered sleeve
Ring raceway on 16-8 opposite end face is constituted, wherein in the ring raceway and ball-retainer component 16-11
Ball matches；
The second self-centering locking fixture is located at the outside on the tensioning head swivel nut 16-6, and the second taper clamping jaw 16-9
Microcephaly is consistent with the direction of the first taper clamping jaw 16-7 microcephaly；The plane bearing 16-2 be located at the tensioning swivel nut 16-6 with
Between tapered sleeve 16-8, the anti-torsion compressed spring 16-1 is located in the inner hole of tensioning swivel nut 16-6.When precompressed wirerope 9 is by
Through the anti-centre bore and the second taper for turning round compressed spring 16-1 and plane bearing 16-2 between the calvus of one taper clamping jaw 16-7
After being pierced by between the calvus of clamping jaw 16-9, under 9 tension force effect of precompressed wirerope, an anti-work for turning round compressed spring 16-1
With on the first taper clamping jaw 16-7, other end is acted on tapered sleeve 16-8.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, the attachment base 16-3 of the self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of wirerope is fixed on second end cover by screw
The lower surface at the middle part of 3 protuberances, and distance of the lower surface at the middle part of the protuberance of the second end cover 3 apart from 3 bottom surface of second end cover
The height of tensioning anchorage 16 self-locking greater than the wirerope.
Referring to Fig. 1~6, the axisymmetrical on the floating back-pressure steel plate 11 around guide sleeve 1 is set there are three lifting bolt 10；
The outside of the second end cover 3 is correspondingly provided with by the relative position of set three lifting bolts 10 on floating back-pressure steel plate 11
Three self-locking tensioning anchorages 16 of wirerope；Three precompressed wirerope 9 are distributed in the annular space with broken line state, and
One of each precompressed wirerope 9 is to connect to be fixed on floating back-pressure steel plate 11 on set lifting bolt 10, and other end passes around
It turns back after crossing lifting bolt 10 of opposite one as wirerope deflecting element, then the precompressed wirerope 9 is floating from it
The position of the set self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of wirerope passes through floating in corresponding second end cover 3 beside fixed point on back-pressure steel plate 11
Back-pressure steel plate 11 is anchored in second end cover 3 by the self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of wirerope；On the floating back-pressure steel plate 11,
Each precompressed wirerope 9 passes through position and is equipped with the through-hole 12 across precompressed wirerope 9, and the aperture of the through-hole 12 is greater than described
The diameter of precompressed wirerope 9；In the second end cover 3, position is passed through in each precompressed wirerope 9 and is equipped with anchoring precompressed
The anchor hole 3-1 of wirerope 9.
Referring to Fig. 1~6, the dynamic pressure plate 7 surface opposite with floating back-pressure steel plate 11 is equipped with internal diameter and complex spring 4
The positioning ring 15 that matches of outer diameter, 4 both ends of complex spring, which are embedded in respectively on dynamic pressure plate 7 and floating back-pressure steel plate 11, determines
In the ring 15 of position.
Referring to Fig. 1~6 and Fig. 7~11 are combined, in order to realize the purpose that can preset initial stiffness, above-mentioned three pre- steel wires
The installation of rope 9 and tensioning method are as described below: (1) first according to the characteristic of damper preset initial stiffness and disk spring group 4
Parameter calculates the tension that precompressed wirerope 9 meets damper initial stiffness；(2) damper is assembled by Fig. 1, is made
The first taper clamping jaw 15-7 from the self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 of corresponding wirerope of each precompressed wirerope 9, the second tapered clamp
It is pierced by the centre bore of pawl 15-9 and hollow bolt 15-10；Then, (3) meet the rope end system of the precompressed wirerope 9 of exposing and are leading
Draw on stretching machine, and using the tension of tension detecting instrument monitoring precompressed wirerope 9 while drawing tensioning；When the pre- compressed steel
When tension needed for cord 9 is tensioned to default initial stiffness, the second self-centering locking fixture is moved forward, while adjusting and turning tensioning
Swivel nut 15-6, so that plane bearing 15-2 is clamped tightly between the tensioning swivel nut 15-6 and tapered sleeve 15-8, and anti-torsion is compressed
Spring 15-1 is compressed, and generated tension pushes the first taper clamping jaw 15-7 Forward to clamp precompressed wirerope 9, is twisted thereafter
Moving the hollow bolt 15-10 will press from both sides extremely positioned at precompressed wirerope 9 in the second taper clamping jaw 15-9；Finally, removing traction
Extra precompressed wirerope 9 is truncated in machine drawing, and disk spring group 4 can be clamped in always to dynamic pressure plate 7 and floating back-pressure steel plate 11
Between.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 7~11, in the work progress of installation damper or in routine maintenance procedure, if it find that certain
The tension of precompressed wirerope 9 is insufficient, and the tensioning swivel nut 15-6 that can be turned in the self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 of wirerope is adjusted.
Referring to Fig. 1~3, the damper as described in this example is vertical earthquake isolating equipment, then when being tensioned precompressed wirerope 9
So that the sum of tension of three precompressed wirerope 9 is equal to the undertaken dead load of the damper, can guarantee the damper in this way
Bidirectional elastic deformation it is symmetrical.
Under ideal conditions, by earthquake isolating equipment to when building transmitting, building should be unable to be sent out the vertical wave of earthquake
Raw displacement.Based on this, the working principle of the earthquake isolating equipment of Antiseismic building described in this example is as follows: vertical when earthquake referring to Fig. 1
When dynamic loading caused by wave overcomes the initial stiffness of damper, if the dynamic loading above pushes away second along the axis of guide sleeve 1
End cap 3, the reaction force of dynamic pressure plate 5 just compress downwards complex spring 4, and second end cover 3 is moved up with ground and building is motionless；Such as
The fruit dynamic loading pulls down second end cover 3 along the axis of guide sleeve 1, and precompressed wirerope 9 is then by as wirerope deflecting element
Lifting bolt 10 reversely slings floating back-pressure steel plate 11, and upward compression combined spring 4, second end cover 3 is moved down with ground, but is built
Object is still motionless.It can be seen that generating elasticity change when P wave makes ground that compressible complex spring when the vibrations are up and down occur
Shape and consume energy.
Example 2
Referring to Figure 12~16, damper described in this example is also a kind of vertical earthquake isolating equipment for Antiseismic building, and
It has been substantially carried out following several points on the basis of example 1 to improve: (1) precompressed wirerope 9 having been increased to four by three；(2) by conduct
The lifting bolt 10 of wirerope deflecting element replaces with U-shaped component 17；(3) by the wirerope of fixed 9 other end of precompressed wirerope
Self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 increases to four；(4) backpressure device is changed accordingly to:
The backpressure device be only used as by four precompressed wirerope 9, four wirerope deflecting element U-shaped component 17,
One piece of floating back-pressure steel plate 11, four fixed 9 one, precompressed wirerope lifting bolt 10 and four fixed precompressed wirerope 9 are another
The self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of one wirerope forms；Wherein,
Floating back-pressure steel plate 11 is located between complex spring 4 and second end cover 3, and moves cooperation with the guide sleeve 1；
Four are only used as the U-shaped component 17 of wirerope deflecting element around the fixed drive of the axisymmetrical of the guide sleeve 1
It is located at the lower surface of 4 surrounding of complex spring on the dynamic pressure plate 7 of dynamic component；Referring to Figure 16, the U-shaped component 17 is by round steel
Bending is constituted, and on the dynamic pressure plate 7 of the drive member, is equipped with and U-shaped component 17 two in the corresponding position of setting U-shaped component 17
The circular hole that side matches, the U-shaped component 17 are inserted in the circular hole, and the two is welded and fixed together；
Axisymmetrical on the floating back-pressure steel plate 11 around guide sleeve 1 is set there are four lifting bolt 10；The second end
The outside of lid 3 is correspondingly provided with four steel by the relative position of set four lifting bolts 10 on floating back-pressure steel plate 11
The self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of cord；Four precompressed wirerope 9 are distributed in the annular space with broken line state, and each precompressed
One of wirerope 9 is to connect to be fixed on floating back-pressure steel plate 11 on set lifting bolt 10, and other end passed around opposite one
It turns back after a U-shaped component 17 as wirerope deflecting element, then the precompressed wirerope 9 is from it on floating back-pressure steel plate 11
Fixed point beside in corresponding second end cover 3 position of the set self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of wirerope pass through floating back-pressure steel plate 11,
It is anchored in second end cover 3 by the self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of wirerope；On the floating back-pressure steel plate 11, in each pre- compressed steel
Cord 9 passes through position and is equipped with the through-hole 12 across precompressed wirerope 9, and the aperture of the through-hole 12 is greater than the precompressed wirerope 9
Diameter；In the second end cover 3, the anchor that position is equipped with anchoring precompressed wirerope 9 is passed through in each precompressed wirerope 9
Solid hole 3-1.
This example other implementation methods other than the above are same as Example 1.
The working principle of earthquake isolating equipment described in this example for Antiseismic building is same as Example 1, and the public can refer to example 1 voluntarily
Analysis.
Example 3
Referring to Figure 17~21, this example is a kind of damper reinforced for building structure aseismatic, which includes guiding
Set 1, the both ends of the guide sleeve 1 are respectively fixed with first end cover 2 and second end cover 3, and inside is equipped with complex spring 4, a driving structure
Part is put in the guide sleeve 1 by guide sleeve one 2 center of first end cover and is pressed on the complex spring 4；It is wherein described
Drive member be made of dynamic pressure plate 7 and the first drive rod 18 being connected with it, the end of first drive rod 18 is set
The connection ring 18-1 for having screw thread to be therewith docking together, the connection ring 18-1 are equipped with hinge hole 19, the dynamic pressure plate 7 with lead
To the dynamic cooperation of set 1.The outer diameter of the complex spring 4 is less than the internal diameter of guide sleeve 1, forms annular space therebetween.
Referring to Figure 17, the second drive rod 20 being connected with it, second drive rod are equipped on the outside of the second end cover 3
20 end is equipped with hinge hole 19.
Referring to Figure 17~21, be equipped with backpressure device in the guide sleeve 1, the backpressure device by six roots of sensation precompressed wirerope 9,
Six are only used as 21, one blocks of fixed pulley floating back-pressure steel plate 11, six fixed 9 one, precompressed wirerope of wirerope deflecting element
Lifting bolt 10 and the self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of the wirerope of six fixed 9 other ends of precompressed wirerope form.Wherein,
Floating back-pressure steel plate 11 is located between complex spring 4 and second end cover 3, and moves cooperation with the guide sleeve 1；
Six are only used as the fixed pulley 21 of wirerope deflecting element around the fixed driving of the axisymmetrical of the guide sleeve 1
It is located at the lower surface of 4 surrounding of complex spring on the dynamic pressure plate 7 of component；Wherein, the fixed pulley 21 is hinged on bracket,
The bracket is welded on the dynamic pressure plate 7 of drive member；
Axisymmetrical on the floating back-pressure steel plate 11 around guide sleeve 1 is set there are six lifting bolt 10；The second end
The outside of lid 3 is correspondingly provided with six steel by the relative position of set six lifting bolts 10 on floating back-pressure steel plate 11
The self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of cord；Six roots of sensation precompressed wirerope 9 is distributed in the annular space with broken line state, and each precompressed
One of wirerope 9 is to connect to be fixed on floating back-pressure steel plate 11 on set lifting bolt 10, and other end passed around opposite one
It turns back after a fixed pulley 21 as wirerope deflecting element, then the precompressed wirerope 9 is from it on floating back-pressure steel plate 11
Fixed point beside in corresponding second end cover 3 position of the set self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of wirerope pass through floating back-pressure steel plate 11,
It is anchored in second end cover 3 by the self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of wirerope；On the floating back-pressure steel plate 11, in each pre- compressed steel
Cord 9 passes through position and is equipped with the through-hole 12 across precompressed wirerope 9, and the aperture of the through-hole 12 is greater than the precompressed wirerope 9
Diameter；In the second end cover 3, the anchor that position is equipped with anchoring precompressed wirerope 9 is passed through in each precompressed wirerope 9
Solid hole 3-1.
The self-locking tensioning anchorage 16 of wirerope in above scheme is identical with example 1, and the public can refer to the implementation of example 1.
Referring to Figure 17, the working principle for the damper reinforced described in this example for building structure aseismatic is as follows: setting when being greater than
It is described when the dynamic loading of meter dead load is acted on the first drive rod 18 and the second drive rod 20 relatively along the axis of guide sleeve 1
The compression complex spring 4 downwards of dynamic pressure plate 7, hinge hole 19 relatively moves on the first drive rod 18 and the second drive rod 20；When big
When the dynamic loading for designing dead load acts on the first drive rod 18 and the second drive rod 20 opposite to each other along the axis of guide sleeve 1,
Precompressed wirerope 9 reversely slings the compression combined spring 4 of floating back-pressure steel plate 11, the first drive rod 18 and second by fixed pulley 21
Hinge hole 19 moves backward (at this point, complex spring 4 is still within pressured state) on drive rod 20.It can be seen that axial dynamic load
No matter opposite lotus is or acts on damper opposite to each other, can compression combined spring 4, bring it about flexible deformation and consume energy.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness, which includes guide sleeve, and one of the guide sleeve sets
There is first end cover, other end is equipped with second end cover, and inside is coaxially provided with spring；One drive member is put in by first end cover center and is led
Into set and act on the spring；It is characterized in that,
The spring is complex spring, and the outer diameter of the complex spring is less than the internal diameter of guide sleeve, forms an annular therebetween
Space；
It is additionally provided with backpressure device in the guide sleeve, which includes three or more precompressed wirerope and pre- compressed steel
The equal wirerope deflecting element of cord quantity, the self-locking tensioning anchorage of the wirerope equal with precompressed wirerope quantity and one piece are floating
Dynamic back-pressure steel plate, wherein
The floating back-pressure steel plate is located between complex spring and second end cover；
The wirerope deflecting element is fixed in the drive member around the axisymmetrical of the guide sleeve；
The self-locking tensioning anchorage of the wirerope is compressed by the first self-centering locking fixture, the second self-centering locking fixture, anti-torsion
Spring and plane bearing composition, in which:
A the first self-centering locking fixture described in) has a connecting seat, and the middle part of the attachment base one end is equipped with axially extending cylinder
Shape boss, the internal of the boss are equipped with the first taper clamping jaw being made of 3~5 claw pieces along axial line, and outer peripheral surface, which is arranged with, to be opened
Tight swivel nut；Wherein, the microcephaly of the first taper clamping jaw is directed toward attachment base, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning swivel nut is regular hexagon；
B the second self-centering locking fixture described in) has a tapered sleeve, and the internal of the tapered sleeve is successively arranged along axis by 3~5 claws
The the second taper clamping jaw and hollow bolt of piece composition, wherein the major part on the head of the hollow bolt and the second taper clamping jaw
Relatively, the outer peripheral surface of the tapered sleeve is regular hexagon；
C the plane bearing described in) by ball-retainer component and is respectively provided on the tensioning swivel nut end face opposite with tapered sleeve
Ring raceway is constituted, wherein the ring raceway matches with the ball in ball-retainer component；
D) the second self-centering locking fixture is located at the outside on the tensioning swivel nut head, and the second taper clamping jaw microcephaly and the
The direction of one taper clamping jaw microcephaly is consistent；The plane bearing is between tensioning swivel nut and the tapered sleeve, the anti-torsion
Compressed spring is located in the inner hole of tensioning swivel nut；When between calvus of the precompressed wirerope by the first taper clamping jaw through anti-torsion compress bullet
After being pierced by between the calvus of the centre bore and the second taper clamping jaw of spring and plane bearing, under the effect of precompressed steel wire rope tension,
Anti- one for turning round compressed spring acts on the first taper clamping jaw, and other end acts on tapered sleeve；
The precompressed wirerope is distributed in the annular space with broken line state, and one of each precompressed wirerope around
The axisymmetrical of the guide sleeve is fixed on floating back-pressure steel plate, and other end passed around an opposite wirerope deflecting member
It turns back after part, floating back-pressure steel plate is then passed through by the fixed point on floating back-pressure steel plate from the precompressed wirerope, by steel wire
Self-locking tensioning anchorage of restricting is fixed in second end cover；
On the floating back-pressure steel plate, it is equipped with each precompressed steel wire penetrating position across the logical of precompressed wirerope
Hole, the aperture of the through-hole are greater than the diameter of the precompressed wirerope；
Dynamic cooperation is respectively adopted between the guide sleeve and drive member and floating back-pressure steel plate；
By tension needed for precompressed steel wire tensioning to setting initial stiffness, the complex spring is made to be clamped in driving structure always
Between part and floating back-pressure steel plate.
2. a kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that this is adjustable
The complex spring damper for saving initial stiffness is the damper reinforced for building structure aseismatic.
3. a kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that this is adjustable
The complex spring damper of initial stiffness is saved as the vertical earthquake isolating equipment for Antiseismic building.
4. a kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness according to claim 1,2 or 3, which is characterized in that
The wirerope deflecting element is fixed pulley, lifting bolt or U-shaped component.
5. a kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the drive
Dynamic component is respectively equipped with a positioning ring on the surface opposite with floating back-pressure steel plate, and the both ends of the complex spring are embedded in institute respectively
In the positioning ring stated.
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| CN201610903553.7A CN106382322B (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | A kind of complex spring damper of adjustable initial stiffness |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11964631B2 (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2024-04-23 | Piolax, Inc. | Damper device |
| CN111408462B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-10-15 | 伍彬彬 | Elastic impact extrusion, crushing and sorting integrated energy-saving and environment-friendly device |
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| CN101029538A (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2007-09-05 | 北京工业大学 | Three-way shock-absorbing stand with variable rigidity and damping |
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| US7757441B1 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2010-07-20 | Unisorb, Inc. | Apparatus for isolating and leveling a machine foundation |
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| US7757441B1 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2010-07-20 | Unisorb, Inc. | Apparatus for isolating and leveling a machine foundation |
| CN200943268Y (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2007-09-05 | 广州大学 | Improved tri-dimensional shock insulation device |
| CN1932324A (en) * | 2006-10-09 | 2007-03-21 | 毛学军 | Adjustable disc-shape spring mechanical vibration reducing damper |
| CN101029538A (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2007-09-05 | 北京工业大学 | Three-way shock-absorbing stand with variable rigidity and damping |
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