CN106286663B - A kind of disk spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity - Google Patents
A kind of disk spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN106286663B CN106286663B CN201610902601.0A CN201610902601A CN106286663B CN 106286663 B CN106286663 B CN 106286663B CN 201610902601 A CN201610902601 A CN 201610902601A CN 106286663 B CN106286663 B CN 106286663B
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 206010052904 Musculoskeletal stiffness Diseases 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 208000002740 Muscle Rigidity Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013017 mechanical damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/02—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of disk spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity, it is characterized in that, backpressure device is additionally provided between the two end plates of the damper, the backpressure device includes the two groups of precompressed cable wires and two pieces of floating platens that quantity is at least three respectively, wherein, two pieces of described floating platens are respectively sleeved on one piece of guide rod between end plate and disk spring group；Two groups of described precompressed cable wires are symmetrically distributed in linear state the surrounding of the disk spring group rotating around the axis of guide rod, and, one of each group of precompressed cable wire is separately fixed on one piece of floating platen, and other end is each passed through another piece of floating platen and is anchored at by cable wire self-locking tensioning anchorage on the end plate adjacent with another piece of floating platen；Two groups of described precompressed cable wires of tensioning, disk spring group are clamped in all the time between two pieces of floating platens.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a shock absorbing device, and more particularly to a damper using a disc spring.
Background
A damper is a shock absorbing device that dissipates energy of motion by providing resistance to motion. The utilization of dampers to absorb energy and shock is a traditional technology widely applied to the industries of aerospace, aviation, war industry, guns, automobiles and the like. Since the seventies of the twentieth century, people have gradually applied the energy-absorbing and shock-absorbing technology using dampers to structural engineering such as buildings, bridges, railways and the like. The disc spring damper is widely applied to anti-seismic structures of various buildings due to the characteristics of high impact resistance, low cost and good shock absorption effect.
People pursue a comprehensive anti-seismic performance combining 'resistance' and 'consumption' for the design of anti-seismic structures of buildings, particularly high-rise buildings, namely the anti-seismic structures can provide extra additional rigidity for a building main body to resist the action of external loads under the action of weak wind vibration and small earthquake, the integrity of the main body structure is maintained, the internal damage of the main body structure is avoided, the anti-seismic structures begin to yield and deform under the action of strong wind vibration and large earthquake, the external energy is dissipated through the damping action of a damper in the anti-seismic structures, the main body structure is prevented from being seriously damaged or even collapsing in strong wind vibration and large earthquake, and the life and property safety of people is ensured. The requirement is that the anti-seismic structure can keep rigidity and does not deform under the action of external weak load, and can deform to consume energy under the action of external strong load. However, the existing spring damper cannot meet the requirement of shock resistance, and any spring damper can generate more or less elastic deformation under the action of external load. The performance of the above-mentioned seismic structure of buildings is difficult to achieve.
In addition, the action of the seismic waves is multidirectional and random, namely, the magnitude direction of the force acting on the buildingBoth the direction and the frequency are random, so that a damper for anti-vibration needs to satisfy the following two requirements: the characteristic frequency of the damper needs to be staggered with the resonance frequency domain of earthquake input excitation, and the characteristic frequency of the damper needs to be staggered with the characteristic frequency of a building or a building structure. According to the theoretical analysis of the author's easy loyalty of the analysis of the basic characteristic parameters of the disc spring', the natural frequency of the single disc spring(in the formula, KpFor stiffness, msM is the mass of the disc spring, m is the mass of the body to which the disc spring is attached, ξ is the equivalent mass conversion factor [ see journal of Petroleum machinery, Vol.23, No. 3, pages 10 to 22, 1995]It can be seen that when the mass of the belleville spring and the mass of the object to which the belleville spring is attached are designed, the square of the natural frequency of vibration of the belleville spring is directly proportional to the stiffness of the upper belleville spring.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN1932324A discloses an adjustable disc spring mechanical shock absorption damper, which comprises a shell, a load connecting rod and two groups of disc springs, wherein the load connecting rod and the two groups of disc springs are arranged in the shell, the middle part of the load connecting rod is provided with an adjusting gear fixedly connected with the load connecting rod, the load connecting rods on the two sides of the adjusting gear are respectively provided with a left-handed nut and a right-handed nut which are in threaded fit with the load connecting rod, and the two groups of disc springs are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut and are respectively clamped between the left-handed nut or the right-handed nut and a sealing plate at the. The adjustable mechanical damping damper for the disc springs only needs to dial an adjusting gear on a load connecting rod, so that the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut are close to or far away from each other to adjust the damping coefficient of the damper by adjusting the pretightening force of the two groups of disc springs, and the use requirements of different frequencies and different amplitudes are met. However, the invention still has the following disadvantages:
1. the load connecting rod is kept in balance under the combined action of the two groups of disc springs, although the pretightening force of the two groups of disc springs can be adjusted, no matter how the pretightening force is adjusted, the acting force of the two groups of disc springs on the load connecting rod is a group of force with equal magnitude and opposite direction, and the balance can be damaged only by applying any external force on the load connecting rod, so that the two groups of disc springs deform, and the damper cannot preset early stiffness;
2. the damping coefficient of the disc springs is changed by pre-pressing the two groups of disc springs, the change is very limited, so that the equivalent stiffness adjusting range of the damper is small, and the frequency requirement of building shock insulation cannot be met;
3. the damper is provided with two groups of disc springs which are matched with each other, so that the damper can provide damping when the damper is subjected to pressure or tensile load, certain waste is caused, the length of the damper is greatly increased, and the damper is not suitable for occasions with compact installation space.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN101457553A discloses a tuned mass damper with adjustable spring stiffness, which is a composite damper, the characteristic frequency of the damper is changed by changing the thickness of a mass block, the damping ratio of the damper is changed by changing the flow of a working medium of the viscous damper, and the stiffness of the damper is changed by changing the effective working length of a spring, wherein three means are adopted for changing the effective working length of the spring, firstly, a section of the spring positioned in a curing cylinder is cured by adopting a curing material, secondly, a constraint block is inserted into the center of a spiral spring and is in interference fit with the spring, so that a section of the spring contacted with the constraint block fails, thirdly, a spiral bulge is arranged on the surface of the constraint block, and the spiral bulge is clamped between spring wires, so that a section of the spring clamped with the spiral bulge between the spring wires fails. It can be seen that although the spring in the patent application can change the stiffness, the effective working length of the spring is obviously shortened, and the spring can only compress energy consumption and reduce vibration but cannot stretch the energy consumption and reduce vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a disc spring damper capable of adjusting early stiffness, which not only keeps the effective working length of a disc spring group, but also can compress and stretch energy dissipation and vibration reduction.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a disc spring damper capable of adjusting early stiffness comprises two end plates, a disc spring group is arranged between the two end plates, a guide rod is arranged on one end plate, and the guide rod penetrates out of the other end plate along a central hole of the disc spring group; the disc spring group is formed by overlapping a group of disc springs; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
a back pressure device is arranged between the two end plates and comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables with at least three, two floating press plates and a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage device with the sum of the two groups of prepressing steel cables, wherein,
the floating pressure plates are respectively sleeved on the guide rods between one end plate and the disc spring group;
the cable wire auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the second self-centering locking clamp, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and the outer peripheral surface of the boss is sleeved with a tensioning screw sleeve; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, wherein the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel cable penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw through the center hole of the anti-torsion compression spring and the plane bearing and the space between the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw, under the tension action of the prepressing steel cable, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the two groups of prepressing steel cables are respectively and symmetrically distributed around the disc spring group in a linear state around the axis of the guide rod, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is respectively fixed on one floating pressing plate, and the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables respectively penetrates through the other floating pressing plate and is anchored on an end plate adjacent to the other floating pressing plate by the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage;
the floating pressing plate is provided with through holes penetrating the prepressing steel cable at the positions penetrating the prepressing steel cable respectively, and the aperture of each through hole is larger than the diameter of the penetrating prepressing steel cable;
and tensioning the two groups of prepressing steel cables to ensure that the distance between the two floating pressure plates is equal to the length for compressing the disc spring group to the preset early stiffness.
In the above scheme, the pre-pressed steel cable may be a steel cable or a pre-stressed steel strand.
The belleville spring damper with adjustable early stiffness can be anchored by a conventional method at one end of the prepressing steel cable connected with the floating pressure plate, and can also be tied and fixed by a U-shaped component similar to a lifting ring screw or bent by a steel bar.
In order to prevent dust and other impurities from falling on the disc spring group to influence the normal operation of the damper, the improvement scheme of the invention is as follows: the outer side of the back pressure device is wrapped with a layer of rubber protective sleeve, and two ends of the protective sleeve are respectively bonded with the peripheral surfaces of the two floating pressing plates.
The damper can be widely applied to various one-dimensional shock insulation fields, such as isolation of internal vibration of mechanical equipment, shock insulation of equipment foundations, shock resistance reinforcement of building structures, shock insulation of building foundations and the like.
The damper has the following beneficial effects:
(1) only one group of disc springs are needed to enable the damper to generate elastic deformation and consume energy no matter the damper is subjected to positive or negative axial external force, so that not only one group of disc springs are saved, but also the length of the damper is greatly shortened.
(2) When the dynamic load is larger than the early rigidity resisting capacity of the damper, the bidirectional elastic deformation is symmetrical, so that the compression deformation and energy consumption effects of the external force load are not influenced by the positive and negative direction changes of the external force load.
(3) The early stiffness of the whole damper can be changed by changing the length of the prepressing steel cable, and when the early stiffness is larger than zero, the damper cannot be deformed by external force before overcoming the early stiffness, so that when the damper is used for building structure earthquake resistance, the earthquake fortification grade can be preset, and the earthquake insulation cost is obviously reduced.
(4) The early stiffness of the damper can be preset by presetting the length of the prepressing steel cable, and one disc spring in the disc spring group does not fail, namely the effective working length is unchanged, so that the original characteristic parameters of the disc spring group cannot be changed.
(5) Adopt cable wire auto-lock tensioning ground tackle to fix the other end of pre-compaction cable wire on the end plate, firstly can adjust the length of pre-compaction cable wire, secondly utilizes the joint action of preventing turning round compression spring and first self-centering locking clamp, can prevent effectively that the pre-compaction cable wire from changing the characteristic parameter of cable wire at the in-process wrench movement that carries out length adjustment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 to 7 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a damper according to the present invention, in which fig. 1 is a front view (cross-sectional view), fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 1, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of fig. 1, fig. 4 is a top view, fig. 5 is a bottom view, fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion i of fig. 1, and fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion ii of fig. 2.
Fig. 8 to 12 are schematic structural views of the steel rope self-locking tensioning anchor device in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 7, wherein fig. 8 is a front view (sectional view), in which a dotted line indicates a pre-pressing steel rope, fig. 9 is a bottom view, fig. 10 is a sectional view of C-C of fig. 8, fig. 11 is a sectional view of D-D of fig. 8, and fig. 12 is a sectional view of E-E of fig. 8.
Fig. 13 to 17 are schematic structural views of a second embodiment of a damper according to the present invention, wherein fig. 13 is a front view (cross-sectional view), fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view from F to F of fig. 13, fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view from G to G of fig. 13, fig. 16 is a top view, and fig. 17 is a bottom view; for easy observation, the protective sleeve is hidden in fig. 14-17.
Fig. 18 to 22 are schematic structural views of a third embodiment of a damper according to the present invention, wherein fig. 18 is a front view (cross-sectional view), fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view H-H of fig. 18, fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view I-I of fig. 18, fig. 21 is a top view, and fig. 22 is a bottom view; for easy observation, the protective sleeve is hidden in fig. 19-20.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the disc spring damper capable of adjusting early stiffness in this example is a damper capable of being used for building structure seismic strengthening, and comprises a disc-shaped upper end plate 2 and a disc-shaped lower end plate 3, a disc spring group 4 is arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate, wherein a guide rod 1 is arranged on the upper end plate 2, and the guide rod 4 penetrates out of the lower end plate 3 downwards along a central hole of the disc spring group 4; the disc spring group 4 is formed by overlapping sixteen disc springs, and the lower end plate 3 is movably matched with the guide rod 1.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the upper surface of the upper end plate 2 and the lower surface of the lower end plate 3 are respectively provided with two connecting ear plates 11 with hinge holes 12. And the distance between the hinge holes 12 on the connecting ear plate 11 arranged on the lower end plate 3 and the lower end plate 3 is larger than the length of the end part of the guide rod 1 penetrating through the lower surface of the lower end plate 3, and a movable space for the end part of the guide rod 1 to stretch is formed between the two hinge holes 12 and the lower surface of the lower end plate 3.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a back pressure device is arranged between the upper end plate 2 and the lower end plate 3, and comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables, two floating pressure plates and eight steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors 14; the two groups of pre-pressing steel cables are a first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 consisting of five pre-pressing steel cables and a second group of pre-pressing steel cables 7 consisting of three pre-pressing steel cables; the two floating pressing plates are a first floating pressing plate 6 sleeved on the guide rod 1 between the lower end plate 3 and the disc spring group 4 and a second floating pressing plate 5 sleeved on the guide rod between the upper end plate 2 and the disc spring group 4, and the two floating pressing plates are movably matched with the outer surface of the guide rod 1.
Referring to fig. 8-12, each steel cable self-locking tensioning anchor 14 is composed of a first self-centering locking clamp, a second self-centering locking clamp, an anti-torsion compression spring 14-1 and a planar bearing 14-2, wherein:
the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat 14-3, the edge of the connecting seat 14-3 is provided with a mounting hole 14-12, the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss 14-4, the inside of the boss 14-4 is provided with a first taper hole 14-5 along the axial lead, a first tapered clamping jaw 14-7 consisting of 3 claw pieces is arranged in the taper hole, the outer peripheral surface of the boss 14-4 is sleeved with a tensioning screw sleeve 14-6, and the first tapered clamping jaw are in threaded connection; the small end of the first tapered clamp 14-7 points to the connecting seat 14-3, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve 14-6 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve 14-8, and a section of second taper hole 14-13 and a section of threaded hole are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve 14-8 along the axis; the second taper clamping jaw 14-9 consisting of 3 jaw pieces is arranged in the second taper hole 14-13, the threaded hole is internally provided with a hollow bolt 14-10, the head of the hollow bolt 14-10 is opposite to the big end of the second taper clamping jaw 14-9, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve 14-8 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the plane bearing 14-2 is composed of a ball-retainer assembly 14-11 and annular raceways which are respectively arranged on the end faces of the tensioning screw sleeve 14-6 opposite to the taper sleeve 14-8, wherein the annular raceways are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly 14-11;
the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning screw sleeve 14-6, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw 14-9 and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw 14-7 are in the same direction; the plane bearing 14-2 is positioned between the tensioning screw sleeve 14-6 and the taper sleeve 14-8, and the anti-torsion compression spring 14-1 is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning screw sleeve 14-6. After the pre-pressing steel cable penetrates out from the space between the claws of the first conical clamping jaw 14-7 through the central hole of the anti-torsion compression spring 14-1 and the plane bearing 14-2 and the space between the claws of the second conical clamping jaw 14-9, under the tension of the pre-pressing steel cable, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring 14-1 acts on the first conical clamping jaw 14-7, and the other end acts on the taper sleeve 14-8.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the two sets of pre-pressing steel cables are respectively and symmetrically distributed around the disk spring set 4 in a linear state around the axis of the guide rod 1, each pre-pressing steel cable is parallel to the axis of the guide rod 1, and the distance from the first set of pre-pressing steel cables 8 to the axis of the guide rod is equal to the distance from the second set of pre-pressing steel cables 7 to the axis of the guide rod; the upper ends of the first group of prepressing steel cables 8 are respectively fixed on the second floating pressing plate 5 by lifting ring screws 13, and the lower ends of the first group of prepressing steel cables respectively penetrate through the first floating pressing plate 6 and are anchored on the lower end plate 3 by a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 14; the lower ends of the second group of prepressing steel cables 7 are respectively fixed on the first floating pressing plate 6 by lifting bolts 13, and the upper ends of the second group of prepressing steel cables pass through the second floating pressing plate 5 and are anchored on the upper end plate 2 by a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 14; a first through hole 10 for each first group of pre-pressed steel cables 8 to pass through is formed in the position, through which each first group of pre-pressed steel cables 8 passes, on the first floating pressing plate 6, the aperture of the first through hole 10 is larger than the diameter of the first group of pre-pressed steel cables 8, and a first anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the first group of pre-pressed steel cables 8 is formed in the position, through which each first group of pre-pressed steel cables 8 passes, on the lower end plate 3; a second through hole 9 for each second set of pre-pressed steel cables 7 to pass through is formed in the position, through which each second set of pre-pressed steel cables 7 passes, on the second floating pressing plate 5, the aperture of the second through hole 9 is larger than the diameter of the second set of pre-pressed steel cables 7, and a second anchoring hole 2-1 for anchoring each second set of pre-pressed steel cables 7 is formed in the position, through which each second set of pre-pressed steel cables 7 passes, on the upper end plate 2; the method for fixing one end of the prepressing steel cable on the corresponding component by the lifting ring screw comprises the following steps: the eye screw 13 is fixed to the corresponding component, and then one end of the pre-pressed steel cable is tied to the eye of the eye screw and is fixed by a steel cable clamp (not shown in the figure).
Referring to fig. 1, the connecting seat 14-3 of the cable self-locking tension anchor 14 is fixed to the lower surface of the lower end plate 3 or the upper surface of the upper end plate 2 by a screw.
The pre-stressed steel cable in the embodiment can be a steel wire rope or a pre-stressed steel strand, and can be selected according to actual requirements during specific implementation.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7 in combination with fig. 8 to 12, in order to achieve the purpose of presetting the early stiffness, the installation and tensioning method of the two sets of pre-pressed steel cables is as follows: (1) firstly, calculating the length of the disc spring set 4 meeting the early stiffness of the damper according to the early stiffness preset by the damper and the characteristic parameters of the disc spring set 4; (2) assembling the damper according to the figure 1, and enabling the other end of each prepressing steel cable to penetrate out of central holes of a first conical clamping jaw 14-7, a second conical clamping jaw 14-9 and a hollow bolt 14-10 of a corresponding steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 14; then, (3) the rope head of the exposed prepressing steel rope is tied on a traction tensioning machine, and the distance between two floating pressing plates is monitored while traction tensioning is carried out; when the distance between the two floating pressure plates is equal to the length for compressing the disc spring group 4 to meet the early rigidity, moving the second self-centering locking clamp forwards, adjusting and screwing the tensioning screw sleeve 14-6 simultaneously, so that the plane bearing 14-2 is tightly clamped between the tensioning screw sleeve 14-6 and the taper sleeve 14-8, the anti-twisting compression spring 14-1 is compressed, the generated tension pushes the first tapered clamping jaw 14-7 to move forwards to clamp the pre-pressing steel cable, and then screwing the hollow bolt 14-10 clamps the pre-pressing steel cable in the second tapered clamping jaw 14-9; and finally, removing the traction stretching machine, cutting off the redundant prepressing steel cable, and clamping the disc spring group 4 between the two floating pressing plates all the time.
Referring to fig. 1 and 8-12, in the construction process of installing the damper or in the daily maintenance process, if the tension of a certain pre-pressed steel cable is insufficient, the tensioning screw sleeve 14-6 in the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 14 can be screwed to adjust.
Referring to fig. 1, the two sets of pre-pressing steel cables respectively pull the two floating pressing plates to compress the disc spring set 4 to provide pre-pressing force for the disc spring set, and the pre-pressing force can be adjusted by changing the length of the pre-pressing steel cables, so that the purpose of presetting the stiffness of the disc spring set is achieved. When the damper is subjected to an axial external load, the disc spring assembly 4 will not continue to deform, whether the external load is a compressive or tensile force, as long as it is less than the pre-stress. When the external load is greater than the pre-pressure, if the external load is pressure, the lower end plate 3 pushes the first floating pressing plate 6 to continue to compress the disc spring set 4 to generate elastic deformation energy consumption, and if the external load is tension, the two groups of pre-pressing steel cables respectively pull the two floating pressing plates to move relatively to compress the disc spring set 4 to generate elastic deformation energy consumption. Because the finally generated deformation is the compression deformation of the same disc spring group 4 no matter the dynamic load of the damper is tension or compression, the bidirectional elastic deformation of the damper is necessarily symmetrical.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 13 to 17, the present example differs from example 1 in the following points:
1. the first group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 8 and the second group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 7 are composed of three steel wire ropes. The number of the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors 14 is six.
2. In order to prevent dust and other impurities from falling on the disc spring group 4 to influence the normal operation of the damper, a rubber protective sleeve 15 is wrapped outside the back pressure device, and two ends of the protective sleeve 15 are respectively bonded with the outer peripheral surfaces of the first floating pressure plate 6 and the second floating pressure plate 5. The length of the sheath 15 is larger than the distance between the upper surface of the upper end plate 2 and the lower surface of the lower end plate 3, so as not to influence the operation of the damper.
The method of carrying out the present embodiment other than the above is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 18 to 22, the disc spring damper with adjustable early stiffness in this example is a vibration isolation device (also called vibration isolation support) for vertical vibration isolation of a building, and the following differences are mainly found in this example compared with example 2:
1. as a vibration isolation support, for the convenience of installation, a connecting lug plate arranged on the upper end plate 2 is omitted in the embodiment, the edge of the upper end plate 2 extends upwards and axially and then radially outwards, and connecting bolt holes 16 are uniformly arranged at the edge; wherein the length of the upward axial extension needs to be greater than the height of the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 14.
2. The connecting lug plate arranged on the outer side of the lower end plate 3 is omitted, the lower end plate 3 extends downwards axially from the edge and then extends outwards radially to form a base of the damper, and connecting bolt holes 16 are uniformly arranged on the edge; wherein the length of the downward axial extension is larger than the length of the end part of the guide rod 1 penetrating out of the lower end plate 3 and the height of the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 14 so as to form a movable space 17 for the end part of the guide rod 1 to stretch.
3. The first group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 8 and the second group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 7 are composed of five steel wire ropes. The number of the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors 14 is ten.
Other embodiments than the above-described embodiment are the same as embodiment 2.
Claims (5)
1. A disc spring damper capable of adjusting early stiffness comprises two end plates, a disc spring group is arranged between the two end plates, a guide rod is arranged on one end plate, and the guide rod penetrates out of the other end plate along a central hole of the disc spring group; the disc spring group is formed by overlapping a group of disc springs; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
a back pressure device is also arranged between the two end plates and comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables, two floating press plates and steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors with the number being the sum of the two groups of prepressing steel cables, wherein the number of each group of prepressing steel cables is at least three; wherein,
the floating pressure plates are respectively sleeved on the guide rods between one end plate and the disc spring group;
the cable wire auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the second self-centering locking clamp, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and the outer peripheral surface of the boss is sleeved with a tensioning screw sleeve; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, wherein the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel cable penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw through the center hole of the anti-torsion compression spring and the plane bearing and the space between the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw, under the tension action of the prepressing steel cable, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the two groups of prepressing steel cables are respectively and symmetrically distributed around the disc spring group in a linear state around the axis of the guide rod, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is respectively fixed on one floating pressing plate, and the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables respectively penetrates through the other floating pressing plate and is anchored on an end plate adjacent to the other floating pressing plate by the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage;
the floating pressing plate is provided with through holes penetrating the prepressing steel cable at the positions penetrating the prepressing steel cable respectively, and the aperture of each through hole is larger than the diameter of the penetrating prepressing steel cable;
and tensioning the two groups of prepressing steel cables to ensure that the distance between the two floating pressure plates is equal to the length for compressing the disc spring group to the preset early stiffness.
2. An adjustable early stiffness disc spring damper according to claim 1 wherein the adjustable early stiffness disc spring damper is a damper for seismic reinforcement of a building structure.
3. An adjustable early stiffness disc spring damper as claimed in claim 1 wherein the adjustable early stiffness disc spring damper is a vertical seismic isolation device for seismic resistance of a building.
4. The disc spring damper of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said pre-stressed steel cable is a steel wire or a pre-stressed steel strand.
5. The disc spring damper with adjustable early stiffness of claim 4, wherein the outer side of the back pressure device is covered with a rubber protective sleeve, and both ends of the rubber protective sleeve are respectively bonded with the outer peripheral surfaces of the two floating pressure plates.
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| CN201610902601.0A CN106286663B (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | A kind of disk spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity |
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| CN201610902601.0A CN106286663B (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | A kind of disk spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity |
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| CN107938560B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2021-01-15 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Energy consumption device and anti-collision facility |
| PL424582A1 (en) | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-26 | General Electric Company | Cable assembly, friction damper of the cable assembly and method for assembling of the friction damper |
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| CN85109016A (en) * | 1984-12-12 | 1986-08-27 | 帕顿公司 | Complex spring |
| CN101457553A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-17 | 尹学军 | Spring stiffness adjustable tuning quality damper |
| CN103967985A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-08-06 | 三一重机有限公司 | Adjustable shock absorber and system and method for designing shock absorber |
| CN104254683A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2014-12-31 | 黃炳灿 | Pulse damper using composite spring |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007182914A (en) * | 2006-01-05 | 2007-07-19 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | Laminated rubber bearing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85109016A (en) * | 1984-12-12 | 1986-08-27 | 帕顿公司 | Complex spring |
| CN101457553A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-17 | 尹学军 | Spring stiffness adjustable tuning quality damper |
| CN104254683A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2014-12-31 | 黃炳灿 | Pulse damper using composite spring |
| CN103967985A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-08-06 | 三一重机有限公司 | Adjustable shock absorber and system and method for designing shock absorber |
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