CN106499244B - Three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity - Google Patents
Three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN106499244B CN106499244B CN201610906383.8A CN201610906383A CN106499244B CN 106499244 B CN106499244 B CN 106499244B CN 201610906383 A CN201610906383 A CN 201610906383A CN 106499244 B CN106499244 B CN 106499244B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity, which comprises a laminated rubber shock isolation support and a vertical shock isolation support which are sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; the device is characterized in that a back pressure device is also arranged between two end plates of the vertical shock insulation support, the back pressure device comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables and two floating pressure plates, wherein the two floating pressure plates are respectively sleeved on a guide rod between one end plate and the cylindrical spiral compression spring; the two groups of prepressing steel cables are respectively distributed around the axis of the guide rod in a linear state on the periphery of the cylindrical spiral compression spring, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is respectively fixed on one floating pressing plate, and the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables respectively penetrates through the other floating pressing plate and is anchored on an end plate adjacent to the floating pressing plate by a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage; and tensioning the two groups of prepressing steel cables to enable the cylindrical spiral compression spring to be always clamped between the two floating pressing plates.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building anti-vibration (or shock) device, in particular to a three-dimensional shock isolation device formed by connecting an interlayer steel plate rubber pad and a vertical shock isolation support in series.
Background
The shock isolation device is a shock isolation device arranged between a building and a foundation. The early seismic isolation devices were mainly two-dimensional seismic isolation bearings (laminated rubber seismic isolation bearings) constructed by alternately laminating rubber and thin steel plates, which could only isolate the horizontal component of seismic waves. With the improvement of the knowledge of the multidimensional characteristics of the earthquake, the three-dimensional shock isolation device is gradually paid more attention by researchers in the field. The most common three-dimensional shock isolation device is formed by connecting a laminated rubber shock isolation support and an existing vertical shock isolation support in series.
The invention patent application with publication number CN 102409777A discloses a three-dimensional shock-insulation and anti-overturning device, the main body mechanism of the device is formed by connecting a laminated rubber shock-insulation support 14 and a spring shock-insulation support 15 in series, the upper side and the lower side of the main body structure are respectively provided with an upper connecting plate 1 and a lower connecting plate 18, and the device is characterized in that: tensile steel wire ropes 16 which are uniformly distributed around the main body structure in a staggered mode are arranged between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 18, and the ultimate deformation of the tensile steel wire ropes 16 in the horizontal direction is larger than the horizontal shearing elastic deformation of the main body structure. Although the proposal of the patent application can improve the tensile strength of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device to resist the great tensile force generated by the swinging and even overturning of high-rise buildings in the earthquake, the proposal still has the following defects: 1. the spring shock insulation support can only compress energy dissipation and shock absorption, and cannot stretch the energy dissipation and shock absorption; 2. the spring shock insulation support can not preset early stiffness, and is not convenient for presetting seismic intensity and reducing shock insulation cost.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN1932324A discloses an adjustable disc spring mechanical shock absorption damper, which comprises a shell, a load connecting rod and two groups of disc springs, wherein the load connecting rod and the two groups of disc springs are arranged in the shell, the middle part of the load connecting rod is provided with an adjusting gear fixedly connected with the load connecting rod, the load connecting rods on the two sides of the adjusting gear are respectively provided with a left-handed nut and a right-handed nut which are in threaded fit with the load connecting rod, and the two groups of disc springs are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut and are respectively clamped between the left-handed nut or the right-handed nut and a sealing plate at the. The damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted by only turning the adjusting gear on the load connecting rod to enable the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut to be close to or far away from each other, so that the pretightening force of the two groups of disk springs can be adjusted, and the use requirements of different frequencies and different amplitudes are met. However, the invention still has the following disadvantages: 1. the load connecting rod is kept in balance under the combined action of the two groups of disc springs, although the pretightening force of the two groups of disc springs can be adjusted, no matter how the pretightening force is adjusted, the acting force of the two groups of disc springs on the load connecting rod is a group of force with equal magnitude and opposite direction, and the balance can be damaged only by applying any external force on the load connecting rod, so that the two groups of disc springs deform, and the damper cannot preset early stiffness; 2. two groups of disc springs are matched to provide damping when the damper is under pressure or tension load, so that certain waste is caused, and the length of the damper is greatly increased.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN101457553A discloses a tuned mass damper with adjustable spring stiffness, which is a composite damper, the characteristic frequency of the damper is changed by changing the thickness of a mass block, the damping ratio of the damper is changed by changing the flow of a working medium of the viscous damper, and the stiffness of the damper is changed by changing the effective working length of a spring, wherein three means are adopted for changing the effective working length of the spring, firstly, a section of the spring positioned in a curing cylinder is cured by adopting a curing material, secondly, a constraint block is inserted into the center of a spiral spring and is in interference fit with the spring, so that a section of the spring contacted with the constraint block fails, thirdly, a spiral bulge is arranged on the surface of the constraint block, and the spiral bulge is clamped between spring wires, so that a section of the spring clamped with the spiral bulge between the spring wires fails. It can be seen that although the spring in the patent application can change the stiffness, the effective working length of the spring is obviously shortened, and the spring can only compress energy consumption and reduce vibration but cannot stretch the energy consumption and reduce vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity, which can not only compress energy consumption and shock absorption, but also stretch energy consumption and shock absorption, and also keep the effective working length of a cylindrical spiral compression spring in a vertical shock isolation support.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity comprises a laminated rubber shock isolation support and a vertical shock isolation support which are sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the laminated rubber shock-insulation support comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a laminated rubber pad clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and at least three tensile steel cables uniformly distributed around the laminated rubber pad; one end of the tensile steel cable is fixed on the upper connecting plate, the other end of the tensile steel cable is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the connecting line of the upper fixing point and the lower fixing point is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad;
the vertical shock insulation support comprises two upper end plates and two lower end plates, a cylindrical spiral compression spring is arranged between the two end plates, a guide rod is fixedly arranged on one end plate, and the guide rod penetrates out of the other end plate along a central hole of the cylindrical spiral compression spring; the lower connecting plate of the laminated rubber shock-insulation support is fixedly connected with the upper end plate of the vertical shock-insulation support; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
a back pressure device is arranged between the two end plates and comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables with at least three, two floating press plates and a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage device with the sum of the two groups of prepressing steel cables, wherein,
the two floating pressure plates are respectively sleeved on the guide rod between one end plate and the cylindrical spiral compression spring;
the cable wire auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the second self-centering locking clamp, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw pieces is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel cable penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw through the center hole of the anti-torsion compression spring and the plane bearing and the space between the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw, under the tension action of the prepressing steel cable, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the two groups of prepressing steel cables are respectively and symmetrically distributed around the cylindrical spiral compression spring in a linear state around the axis of the guide rod, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is respectively fixed on one floating pressing plate, and the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables respectively penetrates through the other floating pressing plate and is anchored on an end plate adjacent to the floating pressing plate by the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage;
the floating pressing plate is provided with through holes penetrating the prepressing steel cable at the positions penetrating the prepressing steel cable respectively, and the aperture of each through hole is larger than the diameter of the penetrating prepressing steel cable;
tensioning the two groups of prepressing steel cables to enable the distance between the two floating pressure plates to be equal to the length of compressing the cylindrical spiral compression spring to preset vertical early stiffness;
and tensioning the tensile steel cable to provide pre-pressure equal to the designed static load for the laminated rubber pad.
In the above scheme, the tensile steel cable and the pre-pressing steel cable can be steel cables or prestressed steel strands.
The working principle of the vertical shock insulation of the three-dimensional shock insulation device is as follows: when the vertical dynamic load relatively acts along the axis of the guide rod, the pressure is transmitted to the upper end plate through the laminated rubber shock insulation support, so that the upper end plate and the lower end plate move oppositely to compress the cylindrical spiral compression spring; when the dynamic load acts along the axis of the guide rod in a reverse manner, the pulling force is transmitted to the upper end plate through the tensile steel cable, the upper end plate and the lower end plate move in a reverse manner, and the two floating press plates are respectively pulled by the two groups of prepressing steel cables to move relatively to compress the cylindrical spiral compression spring. Therefore, no matter the axial dynamic load is oppositely or reversely acted on the three-dimensional shock isolation device, the cylindrical spiral compression spring can be compressed, and the cylindrical spiral compression spring is elastically deformed to consume energy.
According to the working principle, the prepressing steel rope and the hole wall of the through hole in the floating pressure plate cannot generate friction in the working process, otherwise, the up-and-down movement of the floating pressure plate is interfered, so that the diameter of the through hole is larger than that of the prepressing steel rope, and the up-and-down movement of the floating pressure plate is preferably not interfered and influenced.
According to the three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity, one end of the prepressing steel cable fixed on the floating pressure plate can be anchored by a conventional method, and can also be tied and fixed by a U-shaped component similar to a lifting ring screw or bent by a steel bar.
Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity has the following effects:
(1) in the vertical direction, the energy dissipation and the shock absorption can be compressed and stretched; the huge pulling force of the high-rise building on the building foundation due to swinging can be effectively reduced; and only one spring is needed, the vertical length is small, and the stability is good.
(2) When the vertical dynamic load is larger than the preset vertical early rigidity resisting capacity, the two-way elastic deformation of the vertical shock insulation support is symmetrical, so that the compression deformation energy consumption effect of the vertical shock insulation support is not influenced by the change of the positive direction and the negative direction of the vertical load;
(3) the vertical early stiffness of the whole device can be changed by changing the lengths of the two groups of prepressing steel cables, the shock insulation device cannot generate vertical deformation before external force overcomes the vertical early stiffness, the shaking of the building under the action of small earthquake and weak wind vibration is effectively inhibited, the wind and shock resistance grade of the building can be preset, and the wind and shock resistance cost is obviously reduced;
(4) in the process of presetting the early stiffness, the effective working length of the cylindrical spiral compression spring is unchanged, and the original characteristic parameters of the cylindrical spiral compression spring cannot be changed.
(5) Adopt cable wire auto-lock tensioning ground tackle anchor will pre-compaction another end of cable wire, firstly can adjust the length of pre-compaction cable wire, secondly utilizes the joint action of preventing turning round compression spring and first self-centering locking clamp, can prevent effectively that the pre-compaction cable wire from changing the characteristic parameter of cable wire at the in-process wrench movement that carries out length adjustment.
(6) The tension and compression impact on the building foundation caused by the building shaking trend of the building can be effectively buffered, and the risk of overturning of the building is further reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 to 6 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a three-dimensional vibration isolation device according to the present invention, wherein fig. 1 is a front view (cross-sectional view), fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 1, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of fig. 1, fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view C-C, fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion i of fig. 1, and fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion ii of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 to 11 are schematic structural views of the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchor device in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 6, wherein fig. 7 is a front view (sectional view) in which a broken line indicates a pre-stressed steel cable, fig. 8 is a bottom view, fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 7, fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 7, and fig. 11 is a sectional view taken along line F-F of fig. 7.
Fig. 12 to 14 are schematic structural views of a three-dimensional seismic isolation apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which fig. 12 is a front view (cross-sectional view), fig. 13 is a G-G cross-sectional view of fig. 12, and fig. 14 is an H-H cross-sectional view of fig. 12.
Fig. 15 to 17 are schematic structural views of a third embodiment of the three-dimensional vibration isolating device according to the present invention, in which fig. 15 is a front view (sectional view), fig. 16 is a sectional view taken along line I-I of fig. 15, and fig. 17 is a sectional view taken along line J-J of fig. 15.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this example is composed of a laminated rubber seismic isolation support and a vertical seismic isolation support which are connected in series up and down.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the laminated rubber-vibration-isolating support comprises an upper connecting plate 14, a lower connecting plate 15, a laminated rubber pad 17 clamped between the upper and lower connecting plates, and six tensile steel cables 16; the upper connecting plate 14 and the lower connecting plate 15 are both disc-shaped, and the edge of the upper connecting plate 14 is provided with a mounting hole 13; the main body of the laminated rubber pad 17 is formed by alternately laminating a layer of rubber 17-1 and a layer of steel plate 17-2 and then performing mould pressing vulcanization, and a rubber protective layer 17-3 is naturally formed on the periphery of the laminated rubber pad in the mould pressing vulcanization process. The upper end face and the lower end face of the laminated rubber pad 17 main body are respectively provided with a connecting steel plate 17-4 which is connected with the laminated rubber pad in a vulcanization mode, and the two connecting steel plates 17-4 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate 14 and the lower connecting plate 15 through screws. The six tensile steel cables 16 are symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the laminated rubber pad 17, one end of each tensile steel cable 16 is fixed on the upper connecting plate 14 through the lifting bolt 12, and the other end of each tensile steel cable is fixed on the lower connecting plate 15 through the lifting bolt 12. Each tensile steel cable 16 is tensioned, so that the sum of the tensions of the six tensile steel cables 16 is equal to the designed vertical static load of the three-dimensional vibration isolation device in this embodiment, and after tensioning, each tensile steel cable 16 is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad 17.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the vertical shock insulation support comprises an upper end plate 2 and a lower end plate 3, and a cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 is arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate; the middle part of the lower end plate 3 is upwards bulged and is in an inverted washbasin shape, the edge of the lower end plate is provided with a mounting hole 13, the middle part of the upper surface of the lower end plate is fixedly provided with a tubular guide rod 1, the lower end of the guide rod 1 is welded with the middle part of the lower end plate 3, and the upper end of the guide rod vertically extends upwards; the middle part of the upper end plate 2 is downwards sunken to be in a washbasin shape; the guide rod 1 penetrates through the middle part of the downward depression of the upper end plate 2 along the central hole of the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4. The upper end plate 2 is movably matched with the guide rod 1; the lower connecting plate 15 of the laminated rubber vibration isolation support is fixedly connected with the edge of the upper end plate 2 through screws, and a movable space 11 for the upper end of the guide rod 1 to stretch is formed between the lower surface of the lower connecting plate 15 and the upper surface of the downward sunken middle part of the upper end plate 2.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a back pressure device is arranged between the upper end plate 2 and the lower end plate 3, and comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables, two floating pressure plates and eight steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors 18; the two groups of pre-pressing steel cables are a first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 consisting of five pre-pressing steel cables and a second group of pre-pressing steel cables 7 consisting of three pre-pressing steel cables; the two floating pressing plates are respectively in movable fit with the outer wall of the guide rod 1.
Referring to fig. 7-11, each steel cable self-locking tensioning anchor 18 is composed of a first self-centering locking clamp, a second self-centering locking clamp, an anti-torsion compression spring 18-1 and a planar bearing 18-2, wherein:
the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat 18-3, the edge of the connecting seat 18-3 is provided with a mounting hole 18-12, the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss 18-4, the inside of the boss 18-4 is provided with a first taper hole 18-5 along the axial lead, the taper hole is internally provided with a first tapered clamping jaw 18-7 consisting of 3 claw pieces, the peripheral surface of the boss 18-4 is sleeved with a tensioning screw sleeve 18-6, and the first tapered clamping jaw are in threaded connection; the small end of the first tapered clamp 18-7 points to the connecting seat 18-3, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve 18-8, and a section of second taper hole 18-13 and a section of threaded hole are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve 18-8 along the axis; the second taper clamping jaw 18-9 consisting of 3 jaw pieces is arranged in the second taper hole 18-13, the threaded hole is internally provided with a hollow bolt 18-10, the head of the hollow bolt 18-10 is opposite to the big end of the second taper clamping jaw 18-9, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve 18-8 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the plane bearing 18-2 is composed of a ball-retainer assembly 18-11 and annular raceways which are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6 opposite to the taper sleeve 18-8, wherein the annular raceways are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly 18-11;
the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw 18-9 and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw 18-7 are in the same direction; the plane bearing 18-2 is positioned between the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6 and the taper sleeve 18-8, and the anti-torsion compression spring 18-1 is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6. After the pre-pressing steel cable penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw 18-7 through the center hole of the anti-torsion compression spring 18-1 and the plane bearing 18-2 and the space between the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw 18-9, under the tension of the pre-pressing steel cable, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring 18-1 acts on the first conical clamping jaw 18-7, and the other end acts on the taper sleeve 18-8.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the two sets of pre-pressing steel cables are respectively and symmetrically distributed around the cylindrical helical compression spring 4 in a linear state around the axis of the guide rod 1, each pre-pressing steel cable is parallel to the axis of the guide rod 1, and the distance from the first set of pre-pressing steel cables 8 to the axis of the guide rod is equal to the distance from the second set of pre-pressing steel cables 7 to the axis of the guide rod; the upper ends of the first group of prepressing steel cables 8 are respectively fixed on the second floating pressing plate 5 by lifting ring screws 12, and the lower ends of the first group of prepressing steel cables respectively pass through the first floating pressing plate 6 and are anchored on the lower end plate 3 by a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 18; the lower ends of the second group of prepressing steel cables 7 are respectively fixed on the first floating pressing plate 6 by lifting bolts 12, and the upper ends of the second group of prepressing steel cables pass through the second floating pressing plate 5 and are anchored on the upper end plate 2 by a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 18; a first through hole 10 for each first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 to pass through is formed in the position, through which each first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 passes, of the first floating pressing plate 6, and the diameter of the first through hole 10 is larger than that of the first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8; on the lower end plate 3, a first anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the first group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 8 is arranged at the position where each first group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 8 passes through. A second through hole 9 for each second set of pre-pressed steel cables 7 to pass through is formed in the position, through which each second set of pre-pressed steel cables 7 passes, on the second floating pressing plate 5, and the aperture of each second through hole 9 is larger than the diameter of each second set of pre-pressed steel cables 7; and a second anchoring hole 2-1 for anchoring the second group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 7 is formed in the position, through which each second group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 7 passes, of the upper end plate 2. The method for fixing the prepressing steel cable on the corresponding component by the lifting ring screw comprises the following steps: the eye screw 12 is fixed to the corresponding component, and then one end of the pre-pressed steel cable is tied to the eye of the eye screw and fixed by a steel cable clamp (not shown).
Referring to fig. 1, the connecting seat 18-3 of the cable self-locking tension anchor 18 is fixed to the lower surface of the lower end plate 3 or the upper surface of the upper end plate 2 by a screw.
The tensile steel cable and the pre-pressing steel cable in the embodiment can be steel cables or prestressed steel strands, and can be selected according to actual requirements during specific implementation.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in order to achieve the purpose of presetting the early vertical stiffness, the three-dimensional vibration isolation device mounting method comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, calculating the length of the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 meeting the vertical early stiffness according to the preset vertical early stiffness and the characteristic parameters of the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4; (2) assembling the vertical shock-insulation support according to the figure 1, and enabling the other end of each prepressing steel cable to penetrate out of central holes of a first conical clamping jaw 18-7, a second conical clamping jaw 18-9 and a hollow bolt 18-10 of a corresponding steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 18; then, (3) the rope head of the exposed prepressing steel rope is tied on a traction tensioning machine, and the distance between two floating pressing plates is monitored while traction tensioning is carried out; when the distance between the two floating pressure plates is equal to the length of compressing the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 to meet the early vertical rigidity, moving the second self-centering locking clamp forwards, adjusting and screwing the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6 simultaneously, so that the plane bearing 18-2 is tightly clamped between the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6 and the taper sleeve 18-8, the anti-twist compression spring 18-1 is compressed, the generated tension pushes the first tapered clamping jaw 18-7 to move forwards to clamp the steel cable in a pre-pressing manner, and then screwing the hollow bolt 18-10 clamps the pre-pressed steel cable in the second tapered clamping jaw 18-9; and finally, removing the traction stretching machine, cutting off the redundant prepressing steel cable, and clamping the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 between the two floating pressing plates all the time. (4) And then installing a laminated rubber shock insulation support to obtain the three-dimensional shock insulation device.
When the vertical early stiffness is preset, the sum of the tensions of the two groups of prepressing steel cables is more than or equal to the vertical static load born by the three-dimensional shock isolation device.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7-11, in the construction process or daily maintenance process of installing the three-dimensional seismic isolation device, if the tension of a certain pre-pressed steel cable is insufficient, the tensioning threaded sleeve 18-6 in the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage 18 can be screwed for adjustment.
Under ideal conditions, the building should not displace when the vertical waves of the earthquake are transmitted to the building through the shock isolation device. Based on this, the working principle of the three-dimensional vibration isolation device of the embodiment for vertical vibration isolation is as follows: referring to fig. 1, when the dynamic load generated by the vertical wave of the earthquake overcomes the vertical early stiffness, if the dynamic load pushes up the lower end plate 3 along the axis of the guide bar 1, the reaction force of the upper end plate 2 compresses the cylindrical helical compression spring 4 downward, and the lower end plate 3 moves upward along with the ground without the building moving; if the dynamic load pulls down the lower end plate 3 along the axis of the guide rod 1, the two groups of prepressing steel ropes respectively pull the two floating pressure plates to move relatively to compress the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4, and the lower end plate 3 moves downwards along with the ground away from the upper end plate 2, and at the moment, the building still does not move. Therefore, when the ground vibrates up and down due to the longitudinal seismic wave, the cylindrical spiral compression spring can be compressed to generate elastic deformation so as to consume energy. Similarly, when the building shakes under the action of wind vibration or horizontal seismic waves, the cylindrical spiral compression spring can be compressed to generate elastic deformation and consume energy no matter whether the dynamic load on the three-dimensional shock isolation device is tensile force or pressure.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 as follows:
referring to fig. 12 to 14, the first set of pre-pressed steel cables 8 and the second set of pre-pressed steel cables 7 are composed of three pre-pressed steel cables. The number of the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors 18 is six, and the six steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors are respectively used for fixing the other end of each prepressing steel cable.
Referring to fig. 12 to 14, in order to prevent dust and other impurities from falling onto the cylindrical helical compression spring 4 and affecting the normal operation of the damper, a rubber protective sleeve 19 is wrapped outside the back pressure device, and two ends of the protective sleeve 19 are respectively bonded with the outer peripheral surfaces of the first floating pressure plate 6 and the second floating pressure plate 5. The length of the sheath 19 is greater than the distance between the upper surface of the upper end plate 2 and the lower surface of the lower end plate 3, so as not to affect the operation of the damper.
The method of carrying out the present embodiment other than the above is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 15 to 17, the difference between this example and example 2 is that the upper end of the guide rod 1 is welded to the middle of the upper end plate 2, and the lower end extends downwards along the central hole of the cylindrical helical compression spring 4 to the middle of the lower end plate 3 which protrudes upwards; the lower end plate 3 is movably matched with the outer surface of the guide rod 1. A movable space 11 for the extension and contraction of the lower end of the guide bar 1 is formed between the lower surfaces of the lower end plate 3 edges of the lower surface of the raised middle portion of the lower end plate 3. The first group of prepressing steel cables 8 and the second group of prepressing steel cables 7 are both composed of five prepressing steel cables; the number of the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors 18 is ten, and the ten steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors are respectively used for fixing the other end of each prepressing steel cable.
Other embodiments than the above-described embodiment are the same as embodiment 2.
Claims (2)
1. A three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity comprises a laminated rubber shock isolation support and a vertical shock isolation support which are sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the laminated rubber shock-insulation support comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a laminated rubber pad clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and at least three tensile steel cables uniformly distributed around the laminated rubber pad; one end of the tensile steel cable is fixed on the upper connecting plate, the other end of the tensile steel cable is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the connecting line of the upper fixing point and the lower fixing point is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad;
the vertical shock insulation support comprises an upper end plate and a lower end plate, a cylindrical spiral compression spring is arranged between the two end plates, a guide rod is fixedly arranged on one end plate, and the guide rod penetrates out of the other end plate along a central hole of the cylindrical spiral compression spring; the lower connecting plate of the laminated rubber shock-insulation support is fixedly connected with the upper end plate of the vertical shock-insulation support; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
a back pressure device is arranged between the two end plates and comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables with at least three, two floating press plates and a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage device with the sum of the two groups of prepressing steel cables, wherein,
the two floating pressure plates are respectively sleeved on the guide rod between one end plate and the cylindrical spiral compression spring;
the cable wire auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the second self-centering locking clamp, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw pieces is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamping jaw points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel cable penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw through the center hole of the anti-torsion compression spring and the plane bearing and the space between the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw, under the tension action of the prepressing steel cable, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the two groups of prepressing steel cables are respectively and symmetrically distributed around the cylindrical spiral compression spring in a linear state around the axis of the guide rod, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is respectively fixed on one floating pressing plate, and the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables respectively penetrates through the other floating pressing plate and is anchored on an end plate adjacent to the floating pressing plate by the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage;
the floating pressing plate is provided with through holes penetrating the prepressing steel cable at the positions penetrating the prepressing steel cable respectively, and the aperture of each through hole is larger than the diameter of the penetrating prepressing steel cable;
tensioning the two groups of prepressing steel cables to enable the distance between the two floating pressure plates to be equal to the length of compressing the cylindrical spiral compression spring to preset vertical early stiffness;
and tensioning the tensile steel cable to provide pre-pressure equal to the designed static load for the laminated rubber pad.
2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device with the adjustable vertical early stiffness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tensile steel cable and the pre-pressing steel cable are steel cables or prestressed steel strands.
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| CN201610906383.8A CN106499244B (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | Three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity |
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| CN201610906383.8A CN106499244B (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | Three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical early rigidity |
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| CN106499244B true CN106499244B (en) | 2020-11-13 |
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| CN109138200B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-06-02 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Shock insulation structure for building |
| CN109731777B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2023-06-16 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | Sand and stone screening device |
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| CN87100223A (en) * | 1987-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | 华东建筑设计院 | Prestressed damping spring vibration-reducing apparatus |
| JP3287090B2 (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 2002-05-27 | 日本原子力研究所 | Seismic isolation device |
| CN201136517Y (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2008-10-22 | 中国北车集团四方车辆研究所 | Bidirectional buffer for pulling-pressing conversion of elastic body |
| CN102409777A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-04-11 | 福州大学 | Structural three-dimensional shock isolation and anti-overturning device |
| CN103343593A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-10-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Prestressed-tendon anchor with high accuracy and free adjustment and control functions |
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| CN87100223A (en) * | 1987-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | 华东建筑设计院 | Prestressed damping spring vibration-reducing apparatus |
| JP3287090B2 (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 2002-05-27 | 日本原子力研究所 | Seismic isolation device |
| CN201136517Y (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2008-10-22 | 中国北车集团四方车辆研究所 | Bidirectional buffer for pulling-pressing conversion of elastic body |
| CN102409777A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-04-11 | 福州大学 | Structural three-dimensional shock isolation and anti-overturning device |
| CN103343593A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-10-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Prestressed-tendon anchor with high accuracy and free adjustment and control functions |
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