CN106358833A - Nutrient soil for cultivating mechanical-transplanting rice long-age strong seedlings as well as preparation method and application of nutrient soil - Google Patents
Nutrient soil for cultivating mechanical-transplanting rice long-age strong seedlings as well as preparation method and application of nutrient soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358833A CN106358833A CN201610806460.2A CN201610806460A CN106358833A CN 106358833 A CN106358833 A CN 106358833A CN 201610806460 A CN201610806460 A CN 201610806460A CN 106358833 A CN106358833 A CN 106358833A
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- transplanting
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of nutrient soil for cultivating mechanical-transplanting rice long-age strong seedlings. The preparation method is characterized in that the nutrient soil is prepared by mixing three types of ingredients, namely sieved blank soil, high-hydroscopicity resin seed-coat and a seedling rearing fertilizer for the mechanical-transplanting seedlings. By virtue of applying the nutrient soil to perform seedling rearing of the mechanical-transplanting seedlings, not only can the suitable planting seedling age of the mechanical-transplanting seedlings be greatly prolonged, but also disease damage during a seedling stage of the mechanical-transplanting seedlings can be prevented, the coiled root force of the seedlings can be increased, the seedling quality is improved, and the seedling rearing level of the mechanical-transplanting seedlings is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, it is specifically related to a kind of cultivation machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout nutrition
Native joins
Method processed.
Background technology
Mechanization of agriculture is the only way of China's agricultural modernization.Oryza sativa L. is the important cereal crops of China, rice machine
Rice transplanting technology has become the simple and labor saving cultivation technology that the current emphasis of China is promoted, and application area expands year by year.
At present, the mode of transplanting nursery mainly has two kinds, and one is Nutrition Soil seedling method, and two is substrate seedling method.Nutrition
Seedlings and soil has the advantages such as simple to operate, with low cost, safe, seedling quality is good, is transplanting nursery in many areas
Major way.
In areas such as wheat-rice rotation, double cropping of rices, the length of time rice seedlings grow problem of machine-transplanted rice is more prominent.Frequent generation is former due to weather
Cause, front stubble rises stubble late, or continuously wet weather cannot rice transplanting situations such as, cause the machine transplanting of rice rice shoot length of time rice seedlings grow partially long, lead to rice shoot plant height higher,
Base portion banded sclerotial blight evil weight, seedling quality deteriorates it is difficult to plant；Plant that rear seedling-slowing stage is long, tillering ability is weak, and effective fringe is few, the underproduction
Seriously.Therefore, cultivate conventional machine transplanting of rice strong sprout technology can grasp very well in much areas, but cultivate long length of time rice seedlings grow machine transplanting of rice strong sprout technology
Also there are many technical bottlenecks.
The method cultivating long length of time rice seedlings grow machine transplanting of rice strong sprout in many areas Nutrition Soil seedling method, mainly has following several: 1, controls fertile
Method.Reduce fertilizer amount when Nutrition Soil is fostered and apply fertilizer, or Nutrition Soil do not fostered and apply fertilizer, and controls the growth of transplanting Seedling by reducing fertilizer amount,
Though this mode can extend the length of time rice seedlings grow, the seedling quality bringing out is poor, and late growing stage is affected greatly.2nd, change control method.This
Method adopts paclobutrazol or uniconazole P in seedling spraying, extends the length of time rice seedlings grow by the method controlling height of seedling, or with paclobutrazol or alkene
Effect azoles seed soaking, the more secondaryization control method in seedling spraying, this kind of method is conventional relatively effective method on producing, but operation
Program is relatively complicated, and technical requirements are higher.3rd, seed pelleting method.Nutrition Soil is normally fostered and apply fertilizer, by using growing into containing control
The seed coat agent of part carries out seed pelleting, and then extends the length of time rice seedlings grow, and this is also a kind of effective method.4th, light seeding method.By reducing blanket
Seedling seeding and growing seedling amount or adopt pot seedling disk nursery, thus controlling seedling growth.This method can extend the length of time rice seedlings grow, and seedling quality
Good, but increased the disk number of nursery, also increase workload.5th, drought educates method.Traditional water-raised seedling is changed to dry rice seedling, passes through
Control moisture to control seedling growth, but technical requirements are higher.
The high water absorbing seed agent " drought educates coating agent for seed " (patent No.: zl96117076.x) that the present inventor develops, exists
Cultivate and apply in transplanting strong sprout, mainly by the method for seed pelleting, not only significantly improve the length of time rice seedlings grow bullet of machine transplanting of rice rice shoot
Property, extend the machine transplanting of rice length of time rice seedlings grow, cultivate the of the right age strong seedling of the machine transplanting of rice, improve the success rate of rice planting technology, and can effectively prevent and treat Oryza sativa L.
The diseases such as transplanting bakanae disease, damping-off, blue or green withered Seedling, improve seedling quality.But find in production practices, using high water absorption
, though preferable effect can be obtained, also there are technological difficulties in seed coat agent seed pelleting, because its water absorption is stronger, such as moisture control
System is bad, in Mechanization sowing, pelleted seed easy adhesion machinery, causes sowing difficult.Also part peasant household is had to think seed pelleting
Increase workload and operation easier.
Content of the invention
Strengthen seedling in order to cultivate the long length of time rice seedlings grow machine transplanting of rice, the present invention adopts high water absorbing seed agent and transplanting nursery fertilizer compatible, with
The blank fine earth that sieves is mixed and stirred, and then prepares a kind of cultivation machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil.By this Nutrition Soil
Cultivate transplanting Seedling, can effectively extend the machine transplanting of rice length of time rice seedlings grow, and also transplanting sprout term disease can be prevented and treated, increase machine transplanting of rice packing dynamics,
Improve seedling quality, reduce the grow seedling link of transplanting, improve transplanting nursery level.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Nutrition Soil cultivating machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout is it is characterised in that this Nutrition Soil is by the blank soil that sieves
Earth, high water absorbing seed agent, transplanting nursery three kinds of compositions of fertilizer mix.Following mass ratio is contained in the mixture being obtained
Active ingredient: high water absorbing seed agent 0.1-0.5%, transplanting nursery fertilizer 0.3-1.4%, balance of blank soil.
The 0.78% the more azoles that described high water absorbing seed agent is preferably produced by Luyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd. Yangzhou
Seed dressing, trade name dry-raised nurse.
Described transplanting nursery is fertile fertile selected from commercially available conventional transplanting nursery, preferably by Yangzhou Zhuan He city Eco-fertilizer industry
Before transplanting nursery fertilizer " nursery companion " (n-p-k content >=25%) of company limited's production, Wuxi City mill, outstanding big strong seedling agent has
Transplanting nursery fertilizer " strong seedling agent " (n-p-k content 19%) that limit company produces, Heilongjiang Province's Seedling must strengthen the limited limit of agricultural science and technology
One of transplanting nursery stout and strong seedling agent " Miao Bizhuan " (n-p-k content 15%) that company produces or two kinds.
Described blank soil refer to dry in the sun after with 20 eye mesh screens sieve one of dry land topsoil, rice field topsoil or
Two kinds.
A kind of compound method of Nutrition Soil of the present invention, weighs corresponding high water absorbing seed agent, machine by proportion speed
Rice transplanting nursery is fertile, blank soil, first with a small amount of blank soil and high water absorbing seed agent, transplanting nursery fertilizer premixing, then
Add together in remaining blank soil and mixed in blender, until mix homogeneously.
Nutrition Soil of the present invention is applied in cultivating machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout.
Application in cultivating machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout for the Nutrition Soil of the present invention.
The using method of the present invention:
According to standard transplanting tray (58cm × 28cm × 2.5cm), often disk loads the Nutrition Soil 2.5-3.0 that the present invention prepares
Kilogram ratio carry out transplanting nursery as subsoil, its nursery step as the step of conventional transplanting nursery, no obvious area
Not.
Beneficial effect:
In the use in past, carrying out seed pelleting is unique using method, before making the present invention for high water absorbing seed agent
High water absorbing seed agent addition soil is not carried out Nutrition Soil to foster and apply fertilizer, and the usage record applied in transplanting nursery.This
Inventor passes through to improve the using method of high water absorbing seed agent, directly when transplanting Nutrition Soil is fostered and apply fertilizer, by the height suction of specified quantitative
Water seed coat agent is added in nursery soil together with transplanting nursery fertilizer, and uniform mixing carries out transplanting nursery, receives and seed
The same effect of coating.This method is not only simple to operate, does not increase operation, and decreases coating link.In addition thereto, originally
Invention also has the advantage that
1st, increase seedling age elasticity.Transplanting is carried out using the cultivation machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil that the present invention prepares
Nursery, under conditions of the super length of time rice seedlings grow, can significantly control rice shoot plant height, greatly improve the seedling age elasticity of machine transplanting of rice rice shoot, typically
The 7-10 days length of time rice seedlings grow can be extended.
2nd, resistances against diseases are improved.Transplanting is carried out using the cultivation machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil that the present invention prepares
Nursery, not only extends the length of time rice seedlings grow, contains antibacterial due in high water absorbing seed agent, also can prevent and treat machine transplanting of rice seeding stage bakanae disease, vertical withered
The disease pest such as disease endanger, and improve the resistances against diseases of machine transplanting of rice rice shoot.
3rd, improve seedling quality.Transplanting is carried out using the cultivation machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil that the present invention prepares
Nursery, is remarkably improved transplanting seedling quality, due to containing High hydrophilous resin, plant growth regulating in high water absorbing seed agent
Agent, micro- fertilizer etc., the change of scalable transplanting seedling bed earth moisture, improves emergence rate and planting percent, increases anti-adversity ability, strong sprout
Strong root, increases packing dynamics, improves seedling quality.
4th, cost-saving synergistic.Carry out transplanting nursery through the cultivation machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil that the present invention prepares,
Not only reduce enrobing processes, also can reduce the operation preventing and treating disease pest harm, alleviate the labor intensity of transplanting；And seedling stage
It is not required to reuse control Seedling measure, extends the length of time rice seedlings grow, plant that rear seedling-slowing stage is short, enough ear periods are early, are conducive to increasing both production and income.
5th, the kind of period of duration length can be utilized, increase rice yield.
Specific embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, wherein, high water absorbing seed agent is Yangzhou Lv Yuan
The 0.78% of biochemical industry company limited production the more azoles seed dressing, trade name dry-raised nurse；Seedling is fattened in transplanting nursery
Companion be by Eco-fertilizer industry company limited of Yangzhou Zhuan He city produce transplanting nursery fertilizer " nursery companion " (n-p-k content >=
25%), strong seedling agent is by the strong seedling agent (n-p-k content 19% or 15%) of commercially available multiple manufacturer production；
Embodiment 1:
Based on preparing and cultivating 500 kilograms of machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil, accurately weigh high water absorbing seed agent 1.15
Kilogram, 2.5 kilograms of nursery companion, sieve 496.35 kilograms of rice field topsoil, above-mentioned substance is pressed production technology and produces, obtain final product machine
The long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil of slotting Oryza sativa L..
Test site is selected in the institute of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou bayhead town Lixiahe region in Jiangsu experimental plot and carries out, during test
Between be 2015, according to standard transplanting tray (58cm × 28cm × 2.5cm) often disk filling 3.0 kilograms of subsoil, 0.9 kilogram of blinding
Ratio carry out transplanting nursery, water-raised seedling, setting machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil, strong seedling agent Nutrition Soil comparison,
The comparison of nursery companion's Nutrition Soil, the comparison of high water absorbing seed agent coating, high water absorbing seed agent mix soil comparison totally five process, at each
Reason nursery 20 disk, rice varieties used are to raise round-grained rice 805, and often disk application rate is given money as a gift and planted 120 grams, and May 25 was sowed.
Strong seedling agent nutritive soil preparation: accurately weigh the strong seedling agent (n- of Wuxi City mill Qian Jie Wei Zhuanyangji company limited production
P-k content 19%) 3.29 kilograms, sieve 496.71 kilograms of rice field topsoil, first pre- with strong seedling agent with a small amount of rice field topsoil
Mixing, then adds together in the topsoil of remaining rice field and is mixed in blender, until mix homogeneously, obtains final product contrast strong
Seedling agent Nutrition Soil.
Nursery companion's nutritive soil preparation: accurately weigh the transplanting nursery of Eco-fertilizer industry company limited of Yangzhou Zhuan He city production
2.5 kilograms of fertile " nursery companion " (n-p-k content >=25%), sieve 497.5 kilograms of rice field topsoil, first with a small amount of rice field table
Layer soil and nursery companion's premixing, then add together in the topsoil of remaining rice field and are mixed in blender, until mixed
Close uniformly, obtain final product contrast nursery companion's Nutrition Soil.
High water absorbing seed agent coating compares: according to 20 kilograms of ratio of per kilogram high water absorbing seed agent coated rice seed, according to
High water absorbing seed agent coating operation instruction carries out seed pelleting.Do not fostered and apply fertilizer using sieving during transplanting nursery rice field topsoil.
Soil comparison is mixed in high water absorbing seed agent: accurately weighs 1.15 kilograms of high water absorbing seed agent, sieve rice field topsoil
498.85 kilograms, first with a small amount of rice field topsoil and high water absorbing seed agent premixing, then add remaining rice field table together
Mixed in blender in layer soil, until mix homogeneously.
Test result analysis:
The important indicator of Jiangsu Province's transplanting strong sprout is: plant height 12-17cm, and leaf age is less than 3 leaf 1 heart, hundred seedling stem weight 2g
More than, Miao Ji is thick, and in 2.0mm, indefinite radical is more than 11, no disease pest harm, the 15-20 days length of time rice seedlings grow.
Comparison Index of The Healthy Seedlings, from table 1, table 2 as can be seen that long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil processes the 18-25 days length of time rice seedlings grow, cultivates
The rice shoot plant height going out, Seedling base are thick, again etc. index all can meet Jiangsu Province's transplanting and strengthens seedling standard for total radical, hundred seedling stems.The length of time rice seedlings grow 18
My god, 25 days when, long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil processes the rice shoot cultivated, plant height significantly short in contrast strong seedling agent Nutrition Soil comparison, Seedling
Base is thick, total radical, packing dynamics etc. are all considerably better than other process.And contrast rice shoot when strong seedling agent Nutrition Soil compares 18 day length of time rice seedlings grow
Quality substantially conforms to strong seedling standard, but during 25 days length of time rice seedlings grow, plant height is substantially higher, and leaf color is partially yellow, is not suitable for the machine transplanting of rice, and seedling rot rate
Reach 28.5%, seedling quality substantially deteriorates, even if carrying out machine transplanting of rice operation by force, by impact impact crop.Contrast nursery
Companion's Nutrition Soil compares, and when 25 days length of time rice seedlings grow, plant height was higher, existing part seedling rot, and seedling quality has started to deteriorate.High water absorption kind
Soil comparison is mixed in the comparison of clothing agent coating, high water absorbing seed agent, and when 18 days, 25 day length of time rice seedlings grow, seedling quality can substantially conform to standard, but
Apparently higher than strong seedling index, compared with the process of long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil, seedling quality significantly reduces 25 day length of time rice seedlings grow plant height.Can
See, in terms of Index of The Healthy Seedlings, the length of time rice seedlings grow that long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil is processed processes than other and at least extends more than 7 days.
Again from table 3 it can be seen that transplanting Seedling is cultivated using the present invention strong sprout Nutrition Soil of the long length of time rice seedlings grow, not only can significantly carry
Higher survival rate, planting percent, and dislike Seedling rate, blue or green withered death rate is all greatly reduced.
From this test as can be seen that transplanting is cultivated using long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil, machine transplanting of rice rice shoot can be greatly prolonged
Suitable transplant seedlings age, and improve emergence rate, planting percent, prevented and treated sprout term disease, seedling quality significantly improves, and reduces the machine transplanting of rice
The risk of seedling.
Impact to transplanting seedling quality during 18 days 1 length of time rice seedlings grow of table
Impact to transplanting seedling quality during 25 days 2 length of time rice seedlings grow of table
During 18 days 3 length of time rice seedlings grow of table, transplanting is emerged and disease impact
Embodiment 2:
Based on preparing and cultivating 500 kilograms of machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil, accurately weigh high water absorbing seed agent 1.30
Kilogram, 3.35 kilograms of nursery companion, sieve 495.35 kilograms of rice field topsoil, above-mentioned substance is pressed production technology and produces, obtain final product
Cultivate machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil.
Contrast nutritive soil preparation: accurately weigh 3.35 kilograms of nursery companion, sieve 496.65 kilograms of rice field topsoil, first uses
A small amount of rice field topsoil and nursery companion's premixing, then add together in the topsoil of remaining rice field and carry out in blender
Mixing, until mix homogeneously, obtains final product contrast Nutrition Soil.
Test site is selected in Sichuan Shu Yu development in agricultural science and technology company limited Zitong proving ground and carries out, and test period is
2016, according to standard transplanting tray (58cm × 28cm × 2.5cm) often disk load 3.0 kilograms of Nutrition Soil ratio carry out the machine transplanting of rice
Seedling nursery, dry rice seedling, setting machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil and two process of contrast nutrition seedlings and soil, each process is educated
Seedling 20 disk, rice varieties used are ridge excellent 558, and often disk application rate is given money as a gift and planted 60 grams, and the sowing time is April 15.
Result of the test shows: contrast nutrition seedlings and soil processes when the 28-30 days length of time rice seedlings grow, and plant height is suitable, and seedling quality is relatively
Good.More than 32 days, plant height was substantially higher, leaf color take off light, seedling quality start deteriorate, be gradually not suitable for the machine transplanting of rice.And long length of time rice seedlings grow strengthens
Seedling nutrition seedlings and soil is processed, and during 40 days length of time rice seedlings grow, plant height is suitable, leaf color jade green, and packing dynamics is strong, no disease pest harm, seedling quality
Preferably, the suitable machine transplanting of rice requires.Compared with contrast nutrition seedlings and soil, the 8-10 days length of time rice seedlings grow can be extended.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cultivate machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout Nutrition Soil it is characterised in that this Nutrition Soil be by the blank soil that sieves,
High water absorbing seed agent, transplanting nursery three kinds of compositions of fertilizer mix, and contain following mass percent in the mixture being obtained
The active ingredient of example: high water absorbing seed agent 0.1-0.5%, transplanting nursery fertilizer 0.3-1.4%, balance of blank soil.
2. Nutrition Soil according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described high water absorbing seed agent is biological by Yangzhou Lv Yuan
The 0.78% of Chemical Co., Ltd.'s production the more azoles seed dressing, trade name dry-raised nurse.
3. it is characterised in that described transplanting nursery fertilizer is selected from commercially available conventional in Nutrition Soil according to claim 1
Transplanting nursery is fertile.
4. it is characterised in that described transplanting nursery is fertile is selected from Yangzhou Zhuan He city in Nutrition Soil according to claim 3
Transplanting nursery fertilizer " nursery companion " that Eco-fertilizer industry company limited produces, Wuxi City mill Qian Jie Wei Zhuanyangji company limited produce
Transplanting nursery fertilizer " strong seedling agent ", Heilongjiang Province's Seedling must strengthen the stout and strong seedling of transplanting nursery of agricultural science and technology limited limit company production
One of agent " Miao Bizhuan " or two kinds.
5. it is characterised in that described blank soil uses 20 mesh sieves after referring to dry in the sun in Nutrition Soil according to claim 1
Net sieves one of dry land topsoil, rice field topsoil or two kinds.
6. a kind of compound method of the Nutrition Soil any one of claim 1-5 is it is characterised in that weighed by proportion speed
Corresponding high water absorbing seed agent, transplanting nursery are fertile, blank soil, first use a small amount of blank soil and high water absorbing seed agent, machine
Rice transplanting nursery fertilizer premixing, then adds together in remaining blank soil and is mixed in blender, until mix homogeneously.
7. application in cultivating machine-transplanted rice long length of time rice seedlings grow strong sprout for the Nutrition Soil any one of claim 1-5.
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