CN106347348A - 用于能量回收的车辆控制方法 - Google Patents

用于能量回收的车辆控制方法 Download PDF

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CN106347348A
CN106347348A CN201510816018.3A CN201510816018A CN106347348A CN 106347348 A CN106347348 A CN 106347348A CN 201510816018 A CN201510816018 A CN 201510816018A CN 106347348 A CN106347348 A CN 106347348A
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regenerative torque
vehicle
generator
electromotor
control method
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CN106347348B (zh
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金尚准
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442Series-parallel switching type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K5/00Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
    • B60K5/02Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, substantially in or parallel to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K6/485Motor-assist type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units, or advanced driver assistance systems for ensuring comfort, stability and safety or drive control systems for propelling or retarding the vehicle
    • B60W30/18Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18109Braking
    • B60W30/18127Regenerative braking
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W2710/00Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/905Combustion engine
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    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/906Motor or generator
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
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    • Y10S903/93Conjoint control of different elements

Abstract

本发明提供了混合动力车辆控制方法,其中驱动电动机和发动机产生动力,并且连接到混合起动发电机产生电力。车辆控制方法包括确定混合动力车辆是否在再生控制模式中和选择用于连接到发动机的混合起动发电机的再生扭矩。所选择的再生扭矩施加到混合起动发电机,并且用由混合起动发电机选择的再生扭矩产生电力。在所述再生扭矩的选择中,用其产生最大再生能量的所述再生扭矩基于包括混合起动发电机转速的再生扭矩选择因素选择。

Description

用于能量回收的车辆控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆控制方法和系统,并且更具体地涉及用于能量回收的车辆控制方法和系统。
背景技术
电驱动车辆是指使用驱动电动机从电池接收动力并且使用供应的动力产生车辆驱动力的车辆。电驱动车辆包括使用驱动电动机产生用于车辆的任何驱动力的电动车辆,或适于驱动电动机产生用于车辆的部分驱动力的混合动力车辆。混合动力车辆包括由电驱动的驱动电动机和通过燃料消耗产生驱动力的发动机,并且发动机通过选择地连接到驱动轴将驱动力传输到驱动轴。当发动机和驱动轴分离时,发动机可以停止。
在该章节公开的上述信息只用于加强对本发明背景的理解,因此它可能包含不构成对于本领域的普通技术人员在本国所已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本发明提供了车辆控制方法和系统,其能够使用与驱动轴分开的发动机的惯性产生电,并且减少当发动机停止时产生的振动。
本发明的示例性实施例提供了混合动力车辆控制方法,其中驱动电动机和发动机产生动力,并且连接到混合起动发电机产生电力,该方法包括:确定混合动力车辆是否在再生控制模式中;选择用于连接到发动机的混合起动发电机的再生扭矩;将选择的再生扭矩施加到混合起动发电机;以及用通过混合起动发电机的再生扭矩产生电力。在再生扭矩选择中,用其产生最大再生能量的再生扭矩可以基于包括混合起动发电机转速的再生扭矩选择因素选择。
再生扭矩选择因素还可以包括车辆速度,并且再生扭矩可以基于混合起动发电机转速和车辆速度选择。另外,再生扭矩可以当车辆速度增加时增加。混合起动发电机转速可以与发动机的转速成比例。再生扭矩选择可以基于具有基于再生扭矩选择因素选择的再生扭矩的至少一个再生能量映射图执行。
车辆控制方法还可以包括:识别车辆的驱动模式,并且再生扭矩选择可以基于对应于多个驱动模式的多个再生能量映射图执行。另外,车辆控制方法可以包括将发动机或混合起动发电机的每分钟转数(RPM:revolutions per minute)与参考RPM比较,并且当发动机或混合起动发电机的RPM大于参考RPM时,再生扭矩选择和再生扭矩施加可以重复。
再生扭矩施加到混合起动发电机可以包括:将不同于第一再生扭矩的新选择的第二再生扭矩施加到用第一再生扭矩产生电力的混合起动发电机;以及将施加到混合起动发电机的扭矩从第一再生扭矩改变到第二再生扭矩。在将再生扭矩从第一再生扭矩改变到第二再生扭矩中,施加到混合起动发电机的扭矩可以线性改变。另外,确定车辆是否在再生控制模式中可以包括,确定发动机是否与驱动轴分开。
根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆控制方法提供通过使用发动机的惯性产生电力、选择使混合起动发电机能够产生最大能量的再生扭矩,以及将再生扭矩施加到混合起动发电机来最优化能量效率的优点。
附图说明
本发明的目的、特征和优点将根据以下结合附图的详细描述显而易见,其中:
图1是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆驱动系统构造的框图;
图2是示出在根据本发明的示例性实施例的图1的车辆驱动系统内产生混合起动发电机扭矩的过程的视图;
图3是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的图1的车辆驱动系统的控制方法的流程图;以及
图4是示出在根据本发明的另一个示例性实施例的车辆驱动系统内产生混合起动发电机扭矩的过程的视图。
附图标记说明
1:车辆
100:车辆驱动系统
110:HSG
120:控制器
130:驱动电动机
200:发动机
300:电池
400:逆变器
500:驱动轴
600:离合器
具体实施方式
应当理解,如本文使用的,术语"车辆""车辆的"或其他类似的术语通常包括机动车辆,诸如包括运动型多功能车辆(SUV)、公共汽车、货车、各种商用车辆的客运汽车,包括各种小船和轮船的船只,飞机等等,并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、燃烧插电式混合动力电动车辆、插电式混合动力车辆、氢动力车辆和其他替代燃料车辆(例如,采自除石油之外的资源的燃料)。如本文所提到的,混合动力车辆是具有两种或多种动力源的车辆,例如汽油驱动和电驱动的车辆。
虽然示例性实施例被描述为使用多个单元执行示例性过程,但是应当理解,示例性过程还可以通过一个或多个模块执行。另外,应当理解术语控制器/控制单元是指包括存储器和处理器的硬件装置。存储器被构造成用于存储模块,并且处理器具体地被构造成用于实行所述模块以执行一个或多个过程,这在下面进一步描述。
此外,本发明的控制逻辑可以体现为在含有由处理器、控制器/控制单元等所实行的可实行程序指令的计算机可读介质上的非暂态计算机可读介质。计算机可读介质的示例包括但不限于ROM、RAM、光盘(CD)-ROM、磁带、软磁盘、闪存盘、智能卡和任选的数据存储装置。计算机可读记录介质还可以分布在耦合计算机系统的网络中,以便计算机可读介质以分布式的方式存储并实行,例如,通过远程信息处理服务器或控制器局域网(CAN)。
本文所用术语只是为了说明目的而不旨在限制性本发明。除非上下文明确指出,否则如本文所用,单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式。应该进一步理解,当术语“包含”、“包括的”用于本说明书中时,其指定所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件存在,但并非排除一种或多种其它特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或其组群的存在或加入。如本文所使用,术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关联的列出术语的任何或全部组合。在本发明中,术语“上”暗示被定位在目标元件的上面或下面,并不暗示必须定位在以重力方向为基础的顶部上。
除非特别规定或从上下文中显而易见,否则术语“大约”理解为在本领域中的正常公差范围内,例如,在平均值的2个标准差以内。“大约”可理解为在规定值的10%、9%、8%、7%、6%、5%、4%、3%、2%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0.05%或0.01%以内。除非上下文中另外清楚表面,否则在此提供的所有数值均由术语“大约”修饰。
在以下的详细说明中,仅通过示例的方式示出并描述本发明的示例性实施例。本领域的技术人员可认识到,在不背离本发明的实质或范围的前提下,可以采用多种不同的方式修改所述的示例性实施例。附图和说明书应被认为在本质上是说明性的而不是限制性的。在整个说明书中,相同的附图标记指示相同的元件。因为为了更好地理解并便于描述,在附图中示出的每个元件中的大小和厚度随意地示出,所以本发明不限于此。
在下文中,将参照附图描述根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆驱动系统及其控制方法。
图1是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆驱动系统构造的框图。参考图1,配备有根据本示例性实施例的驱动系统100的车辆1可以包括作为动力源的发动机200和驱动电动机130。
由发动机200和/或驱动电动机130产生的驱动力可以通过变速器700传输到驱动轴500。驱动电动机130可以连接到变速器700以将由驱动电动机130产生的驱动力传输到驱动轴500。此外,多个离合器600可以插置在发动机200和驱动电动机130之间,并且离合器600可以选择地连接发动机200和驱动电动机130。因此,当离合器600接合时,由发动机200产生的驱动力可以通过变速器700传输到驱动轴500。
车辆驱动系统100还可以包括电池300、逆变器400,和混合起动器和发电机110。电池300可以通过逆变器400连接到驱动电动机130和混合起动发电机(HSG)110,并且可以被构造成用于为驱动电动机130和HSG110供应电力。逆变器400可以被构造成用于将来自电池300的直流电流(DC)电力转变成交流电流(AC)电力以选择地为驱动电动机130和HSG110供应电力。
HSG110可以电连接到逆变器400,并且可以经由带单元140机械连接到发动机200。HSG110可以被构造成用于使用电池300的电力启动发动机200,或当发动机慢下来或停止时,通过发动机200的惯性产生电力,并且将产生的电力存储在电池300中。根据本示例性实施例的车辆驱动系统100可以被构造成用于使用由与驱动轴500分离的发动机200的惯性产生的扭矩产生电力。因此,车辆驱动系统100可以包括被构造成用于操作HSG110的控制器120、逆变器400和驱动电动机130。
控制器120可以由通过预定程序操作的一个或多个微处理器执行,并且预定程序可以包括一系列用于执行后面将描述的根据本发明的示例性实施例的方法的每个步骤的命令。具体地,控制器120可以被构造成用于计算要施加到HSG110的再生扭矩T,并且可以基于再生扭矩T调节电流使得适当量的电流施加到HSG110。因此,连接到HSG110的发动机200停止,因为它通过发动机200的惯性随发动机200转动,所以在此期间HSG110产生电力,即再生能量Er。
在下文中,将详细描述控制器120计算再生扭矩T的过程。图2是示出在图1的车辆驱动系统内产生混合起动发电机扭矩的过程的视图。参考图2,控制器120可以包括被构造成用于计算再生扭矩T的选择单元121,并且选择单元121可以被构造成用于基于包括HSG转速S的再生扭矩选择因素选择在最大再生能量产生处的再生扭矩。
在下文中,将解释例示HSG转速S、再生扭矩T和用转速S和再生扭矩T产生的再生能量的再生能量映射图。
表1
参考表1,横轴指示HSG110的转速,并且纵轴指示再生扭矩T。因此,表1示出对应于HSG转速的每个值和再生扭矩T的每个值的再生能量ER,并且利用HSG转速的特定值产生的再生能量Er的最大量可以被称为最大再生能量Er_MAX。HSG转速可以与连接到HSG110的发动机200的转速成比例。例如,当在HSG110和发动机200之间的旋转比率是1:1时,HSG转速可以与发动机200的转速大约相同,并且当旋转比率是1:2时,HSG转速可以是发动机200的转速的大约一半。
同时,基于驾驶者选择的驱动模式可以提供多个再生能量映射图。换句话讲,在配备有根据本示例性实施例的驱动系统100的车辆1中,控制器120可以被构造成用于将驱动类型设置为多种类型,诸如燃料效率取向的驱动类型或加速取向的驱动类型,并且可以创建多个再生能量映射图以分别对应于多个驱动类型。另选地,控制器120可以被构造成用于提供多种驱动模式,诸如燃料效率取向的驱动模式或加速取向的驱动模式,并且可以创建多个再生能量映射图以分别对应于多个驱动模式。控制器120可以被构造成用于在选择再生扭矩T之前识别驱动模式或驱动类型,并且从对应于驱动模式或驱动类型的再生能量映射图中选择再生扭矩T。
在示例性实施例中,选择单元121可以被构造成用于在所有的再生扭矩选择因素中基于HSG转速S选择再生扭矩T。然而,除非明确指出,否则应理解再生扭矩T可以使用在所有再生扭矩选择因素中的除HSG转速外的其他因素,像例如车辆速度,或使用HSG转速S和其他因素选择。
图3是示出图1的车辆驱动系统的控制方法的流程图。参考图3,控制器120被构造成用于确定车辆1当前是否在再生控制模式中(S100)。换句话讲,控制器120可以被构造成用于通过确定发动机200是否与驱动轴500分离,即离合器600是否脱离来确定车辆1是否在再生控制模式中。
当车辆1当前在再生控制模式中时,控制器120被构造成用于识别由驾驶者或驱动类型选择的驱动模式(S200)。另外,控制器120可以被构造成用于从对应于驱动模式或驱动类型的再生能量映射图中选择再生扭矩T(S300)。换句话讲,选择单元121可以被构造成用于基于HSG转速从再生能量映射图中选择在最大再生能量Er产生处的再生扭矩T。
此外,控制器120可以被构造成用于将选择的再生扭矩T施加到HSG110(S400),并且连接到发动机200的HSG110可以被构造成用于基于施加的再生扭矩T产生电力(S500)。换句话讲,控制器120可以被构造成用于计算使再生扭矩T能够施加到HSG110的电流的合适的或适当的量,并且将计算的电流的量施加到HSG110。然后控制器120可以被构造成用于将发动机200的RPM(Rd)与参考RPM(Rr)比较(S600),并且当发动机200或HSG110的RPM(Rd)小于参考RPM(Rr)时,停止操作。当发动机200或HSG110的RPM(Rd)小于参考RPM(Rr)时,与施加到HSG110以施加再生扭矩T的电流的量相比,电力产生的量可以更小。因此,电流可以不再施加到HSG110。
当发动机200或HSG110的RPM(Rd)大于参考RPM(Rr)时,控制器120可以被构造成用于重复驱动模式识别步骤S200、再生扭矩选择步骤S300以及再生扭矩施加步骤S400。具体地,发动机200和HSG110的RPM可以通过驱动系统100的再生发电下降。因此,当重复步骤S300时,控制器120可以被构造成用于选择匹配或对应于当前HSG转速的再生扭矩T,并将选择的再生扭矩T施加到HSG110。
换句话讲,当用预定的第一再生扭矩T1产生电力的HSG的RPM(Rd)减小时,第二再生扭矩T2可以基于减小的RPM(Rd)选择并施加到HSG110。因此,当第二扭矩T2施加到用第一再生扭矩T1产生电力的HSG110时,控制器120可以被构造成用于将HSG110的再生扭矩T从第一再生扭矩T1改变到第二再生扭矩T2。因为HSG的再生扭矩T线性改变,可以避免连接HSG110和发动机200的带单元140的滑动或损坏。
根据本发明的示例性实施例,能量效率可以通过使用发动机200的惯性产生电力,选择使HSG能够产生最大能量的再生扭矩,并且将再生扭矩施加到HSG来最优化。
图4是示出在根据本发明的另一个示例性实施例的车辆驱动系统内产生混合起动发电机扭矩的过程的视图。除通过选择单元121的再生扭矩T的选择之外,本示例性实施例与根据上述示例性实施例的图1至图3的控制方法相同。因此,以下说明将集中在本示例性实施例的有区别的特性上。参考图4,根据本示例性实施例的控制器120的选择单元121可以被构造成用于基于HSG转速S和车辆1的速度V选择再生扭矩T。
换句话讲,在以上再生扭矩选择因素中,在最大再生能量Er产生处的再生扭矩T可以基于两个因素选择,即HSG转速S和车辆1的速度V。基于转速S的再生能量Er的最大量与上述图1至图3中的基本上相同。可以创建再生能量映射图,其中当车辆1的速度V增加时,再生扭矩T增加,因为当车辆1的速度增加时,乘客由于外部噪声,诸如风噪声变得对噪音更不敏感,并且需要更大量的再生扭矩T快速停止发动机200。
虽然已经结合的目前认为是示例性实施例描述了本发明,但是应理解本发明不限于所公开的示例性实施例,而相反,本发明旨在涵盖包括在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的各种修改和等效布置。

Claims (20)

1.一种混合动力车辆控制方法,所述车辆包括作为动力源的驱动电动机和发动机以及连接到所述发动机以通过所述发动机的惯性启动发动机或产生电力的混合起动发电机,所述方法包括以下步骤:
通过控制器确定所述车辆是否在再生控制模式中;
通过控制器选择用于连接到所述发动机的所述混合起动发电机的再生扭矩;
通过控制器将所选择的再生扭矩施加到所述混合起动发电机;以及
通过控制器利用由所述混合起动发电机选择的再生扭矩产生电力。
其中,在所述再生扭矩的选择中,产生最大再生能量的再生扭矩基于包括混合起动发电机转速的再生扭矩选择因素来选择。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆控制方法,其中所述再生扭矩选择因素还包括车辆速度,并且所述再生扭矩基于所述混合起动发电机转速和车辆速度来选择。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆控制方法,其中当所述车辆速度增加时所述再生扭矩增加。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车辆控制方法,其中所述混合起动发电机转速与所述发动机的转速成比例。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆控制方法,其中所述再生扭矩的选择基于具有基于所述再生扭矩选择因素选择的再生扭矩的至少一个再生能量映射图执行。
6.根据权利要求5所述的车辆控制方法,其中所述车辆控制方法还包括以下步骤:
通过控制器识别所述车辆的驱动模式,并且所述再生扭矩选择基于对应于多个驱动模式的多个再生能量映射图执行。
7.根据权利要求1所述的车辆控制方法,其中所述车辆控制方法还包括以下步骤:
通过控制器将所述发动机或混合起动发电机的每分钟转数(RPM)与参考RPM比较,并且当所述发动机或混合起动发电机的RPM大于所述参考RPM时,重复所述再生扭矩选择和所述再生扭矩施加。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆控制方法,其中将再生扭矩施加到所述混合起动发电机的步骤包括:
通过控制器将与第一再生扭矩不同的新选择的第二再生扭矩施加到利用所述第一再生扭矩产生电力的所述混合起动发电机;以及
通过控制器将施加到所述混合起动发电机的扭矩从所述第一再生扭矩改变到所述第二再生扭矩。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆控制方法,其中在将所述再生扭矩从所述第一再生扭矩改变到所述第二再生扭矩的步骤中,施加到所述混合起动发电机的扭矩线性地改变。
10.根据权利要求1所述的车辆控制方法,其中确定所述车辆是否在再生模式中的步骤包括:
通过控制器确定所述发动机是否与驱动轴分开。
11.一种混合动力车辆控制系统,所述车辆包括作为动力源的驱动电动机和发动机以及连接到所述发动机以通过所述发动机的惯性启动发动机或产生电力的混合起动发电机,所述系统包括:
确定所述车辆是否在再生控制模式中的单元;
选择用于连接到所述发动机的所述混合起动发电机的再生扭矩的单元;
将所选择的再生扭矩施加到所述混合起动发电机的单元;以及
通过所述混合起动发电机选择的再生扭矩产生电力的单元,
其中,在再生扭矩选择中,产生最大再生能量的再生扭矩基于包括混合起动发电机转速的再生扭矩选择因素来选择。
12.根据权利要求11所述的车辆控制系统,其中所述再生扭矩选择因素还包括车辆速度,并且再生扭矩基于所述混合起动发电机转速和车辆速度来选择。
13.根据权利要求12所述的车辆控制系统,其中当所述车辆速度增加时再生扭矩增加。
14.根据权利要求11所述的车辆控制系统,其中所述混合起动发电机转速与所述发动机的所述转速成比例。
15.根据权利要求11所述的车辆控制系统,其中所述再生扭矩选择基于具有基于所述再生扭矩选择因素选择的再生扭矩的至少一个再生能量映射图执行。
16.根据权利要求15所述的车辆控制系统,还包括:
识别所述车辆的所述驱动模式的单元,并且所述再生扭矩选择基于对应于多个驱动模式的多个再生能量映射图执行。
17.根据权利要求11所述的车辆控制系统,还包括:
将所述发动机或混合起动发电机的每分钟转数(RPM)与参考RPM比较的单元,并且当所述发动机或混合起动发电机的所述RPM大于所述参考RPM时,重复再生扭矩选择和再生扭矩施加。
18.根据权利要求17所述的车辆控制系统,还包括:
将与第一再生扭矩不同的新选择的第二再生扭矩施加到利用所述第一再生扭矩产生电力的所述混合起动发电机的单元;以及
将施加到所述混合起动发电机的扭矩从所述第一再生扭矩改变到所述第二再生扭矩的单元。
19.根据权利要求18所述的车辆控制系统,其中在将所述再生扭矩从所述第一再生扭矩改变到所述第二再生扭矩的单元中,施加到所述混合起动发电机的扭矩线性地改变。
20.根据权利要求11所述的车辆控制系统,其中确定所述车辆是否在再生模式中的单元被配置成:
确定所述发动机是否与驱动轴分开。
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