CN106335236A - 一种光学透光片 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开的光学透光片包括透明的光学基片,光学基片的外表面设置有外膜层,光学基片的内表面设置有内膜层,内膜层为全反膜,全反膜上设置有与光学基片的内表面相通的缺口,外膜层包括过渡膜和部分反射膜,过渡膜设置在光学基片的外表面与部分反射膜之间,部分反射膜包括至少三层厚度为0.2~1.5 nm的介质膜组,介质膜组由二氧化钛层和二氧化硅层组成,二氧化硅层和二氧化钛层的厚度之比为1~3:1,或者,介质膜组由氯化锌层和一氧化硅层组成,一氧化硅层和氯化锌层的厚度之比为1~3:1;入射光在该透光片的外表面可形成极具立体感和多种色彩的高亮度图形效果,且外膜层抗剥离性好,能够大幅延长透光片的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种光学元件,具体是一种光学透光片。
背景技术
光学透光片通常由基材及设置在基材单侧或双侧表面的膜层组成,不同的膜层所达到的光学性能各不相同。例如,以玻璃为基材,在玻璃表面镀上一层折射率高于玻璃的全电介质反射薄膜,就可以增加产品的反射率。又例如,在玻璃表面镀若干层金属或金属化合物薄膜,可使产品产生丰富的色彩。CN203513500U在镀膜玻璃的光学成像方面有所改进,其公开了一种镀膜玻璃,具有三层结构,包括中间层以及镀在中间层内外表面的内膜层和外膜层,所述中间层为玻璃层,所述内膜层为透光膜或不透光膜,所述外膜层为透光膜,所述内膜层刻有与玻璃层内表面连通的图案和/或字符;本发明的镀膜玻璃以及应用该镀膜玻璃制成的灯罩,通过在玻璃层两面镀膜,镀膜面刻制图案或字符,当光源从刻制图案或字符的镀膜面照射下,从另一镀膜面往光源方向看去,就能在镀膜玻璃或灯罩上显示出图案或字符的多层重影,呈现出立体的显示效果。但是这种结构的镀膜玻璃,在入射光自该镀膜玻璃的内膜层传向外膜层时,虽然能够在玻璃外表面成像,具有一定的立体显示效果,但由于该镀膜玻璃的外膜层为透光膜,入射光经过外膜层时,大部分入射光直接经外膜层折射出去,仅很少部分入射光得到反射并再次折射,因此限制了立体显示效果的实现,导致该镀膜玻璃的立体效果较差,亮度低,此外,其内膜层和外膜层为分别通过蒸发或磁控溅射镀铬、钛铝、钛、锆、镍、钨、不锈钢、钼、银、石墨、铌、锌、锌铝、多种原子比的合金靶中的一种膜层结构或多种膜层组合结构,存在色彩单一的问题,且膜层硬度低、易脱落,故使用寿命较低。这种镀膜玻璃的以上不足限制了其在光学材料技术领域的广泛应用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:针对现有技术的不足,提供一种光学透光片,入射光在该光学透光片的外表面可形成极具立体感和多种色彩的高亮度图形效果,且外膜层具有较高的硬度,抗剥离性好,能够大幅延长光学透光片的使用寿命,从而使该光学透光片能够广泛应用于各种装饰性或功能性灯具、光学器件等相关领域。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:一种光学透光片,包括透明的光学基片,所述的光学基片的外表面设置有外膜层,所述的光学基片的内表面设置有内膜层,所述的内膜层为全反膜,所述的全反膜上设置有与所述的光学基片的内表面相通的缺口,所述的外膜层包括过渡膜和部分反射膜,所述的过渡膜设置在所述的光学基片的外表面与所述的部分反射膜之间,所述的部分反射膜包括至少三层厚度为0.2~1.5 nm的介质膜组,所述的介质膜组由从内向外依次设置的二氧化钛层和二氧化硅层组成,所述的二氧化硅层和所述的二氧化钛层的厚度之比为1~3:1,或者,所述的介质膜组由从内向外依次设置的氯化锌层和一氧化硅层组成,所述的一氧化硅层和所述的氯化锌层的厚度之比为1~3:1。
本发明公开的光学透光片,其光学基片的外表面设置有外膜层,该外膜层包括过渡膜和部分反射膜,部分反射膜包括至少三层厚度为0.2~1.5 nm的介质膜组,介质膜组由从内向外依次设置的二氧化钛层和二氧化硅层组成,二氧化硅层和二氧化钛层的厚度之比为1~3:1,或者,介质膜组由从内向外依次设置的氯化锌层和一氧化硅层组成,一氧化硅层和氯化锌层的厚度之比为1~3:1,该部分反射膜能够将从内膜层射向外膜层的入射光的大部分能量反射回去,从而有效提高光学透光片的反射率,使入射光在内膜层和外膜层间得到多次反射,最终在光学透光片的外表面形成极具立体感和多种色彩的高亮度图形效果,此外,该外膜层具有较高的硬度,抗剥离性好,能够大幅延长光学透光片的使用寿命,从而使该光学透光片能够广泛应用于各种装饰性或功能性灯具、光学器件等相关领域。
作为优选,所述的过渡膜为厚度0.1~1.0 nm的二氧化硅膜或者一氧化硅膜。进一步地,所述的过渡膜为厚度0.3~0.7 nm的二氧化硅膜或者一氧化硅膜。
作为优选,所述的外膜层的外表面设置有经固化处理的硅油保护层,以进一步保护部分反射膜,提高外膜层的表面硬度,延长光学透光片的使用寿命。
作为优选,所述的全反膜为厚度0.1~1.2 nm的金属膜。进一步地,所述的光学基片的内表面与所述的金属膜之间设置有硅油保护膜,以增大金属膜的附着力,提高金属膜的抗剥离性。
作为优选,所述的光学基片为玻璃片或塑料片。
作为优选,所述的缺口为文字形缺口或图案形缺口。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:本发明提供的光学透光片,其光学基片的外表面设置有外膜层,该外膜层包括过渡膜和部分反射膜,部分反射膜包括至少三层厚度为0.2~1.5 nm的介质膜组,介质膜组由从内向外依次设置的二氧化钛层和二氧化硅层组成,二氧化硅层和二氧化钛层的厚度之比为1~3:1,或者,介质膜组由从内向外依次设置的氯化锌层和一氧化硅层组成,一氧化硅层和氯化锌层的厚度之比为1~3:1,该部分反射膜能够将从内膜层射向外膜层的入射光的大部分能量反射回去,从而有效提高光学透光片的反射率,使入射光在内膜层和外膜层间得到多次反射,最终在光学透光片的外表面形成极具立体感和多种色彩的高亮度图形效果,此外,该外膜层具有较高的硬度,抗剥离性好,能够大幅延长光学透光片的使用寿命,从而使该光学透光片能够广泛应用于各种装饰性或功能性灯具、光学器件等相关领域。
附图说明
图1为实施例中光学透光片的结构示意图;
图2为图1中A处放大图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1的光学透光片,如图所示,包括透明的光学基片1,光学基片1的外表面设置有外膜层2,光学基片1的内表面设置有内膜层3,内膜层3为全反膜,全反膜上设置有与光学基片1的内表面相通的缺口31,全反膜为厚度0.8 nm的金属膜,外膜层2包括过渡膜21和部分反射膜22,过渡膜21设置在光学基片1的外表面与部分反射膜22之间,过渡膜21为厚度0.3 nm的二氧化硅膜,部分反射膜22包括三层厚度为1.3 nm的介质膜组23,介质膜组23由从内向外依次设置的二氧化钛层24和二氧化硅层25组成,二氧化硅层25和二氧化钛层24的厚度之比为1:1。
实施例2的光学透光片,如图所示,包括透明的光学基片1,光学基片1的外表面设置有外膜层2,光学基片1的内表面设置有内膜层3,内膜层3为全反膜,全反膜上设置有与光学基片1的内表面相通的缺口31,全反膜为厚度0.4 nm的金属膜,外膜层2的外表面设置有经固化处理的硅油保护层(图中未示出),外膜层2包括过渡膜21和部分反射膜22,过渡膜21设置在光学基片1的外表面与部分反射膜22之间,过渡膜21为厚度0.2 nm的二氧化硅膜,部分反射膜22包括三层厚度为0.35 nm的介质膜组23,介质膜组23由从内向外依次设置的二氧化钛层24和二氧化硅层25组成,二氧化硅层25和二氧化钛层24的厚度之比为3:1。
实施例3的光学透光片,如图所示,包括透明的光学基片1,光学基片1的外表面设置有外膜层2,光学基片1的内表面设置有内膜层3,内膜层3为全反膜,全反膜上设置有与光学基片1的内表面相通的缺口31,全反膜为厚度0.3 nm的金属膜,光学基片1的内表面与金属膜之间设置有硅油保护膜(图中未示出),外膜层2包括过渡膜21和部分反射膜22,过渡膜21设置在光学基片1的外表面与部分反射膜22之间,过渡膜21为厚度0.9 nm的二氧化硅膜,部分反射膜22包括三层厚度为0.45 nm的介质膜组23,介质膜组23由从内向外依次设置的二氧化钛层24和二氧化硅层25组成,二氧化硅层25和二氧化钛层24的厚度之比为1.5:1。
实施例4的光学透光片,如图所示,包括透明的光学基片1,光学基片1的外表面设置有外膜层2,光学基片1的内表面设置有内膜层3,内膜层3为全反膜,全反膜上设置有与光学基片1的内表面相通的缺口31,全反膜为厚度1.0 nm的金属膜,外膜层2的外表面设置有经固化处理的硅油保护层(图中未示出),光学基片1的内表面与金属膜之间设置有硅油保护膜(图中未示出),外膜层2包括过渡膜21和部分反射膜22,过渡膜21设置在光学基片1的外表面与部分反射膜22之间,过渡膜21为厚度0.5 nm的一氧化硅膜,部分反射膜22包括三层厚度为0.55 nm的介质膜组23,介质膜组23由从内向外依次设置的氯化锌层和一氧化硅层组成,一氧化硅层和氯化锌层的厚度之比为2:1。
以上具体实施例中,光学基片1可以采用玻璃片或塑料片;缺口31可以设计为文字形缺口31或图案形缺口31;金属膜可以选用银膜、铝膜、铬膜或钛膜等金属膜;介质膜组23的层数为至少三层,层数越多,立体图形的色彩越丰富。
对于上述实施例1~实施例4的光学透光片,分别检测入射光从内向外穿过透光片的透射率,实施例1~实施例4的光学透光片的透过率分别为42%、35%、40%、48%,并且,入射光分别在实施例1~实施例4的光学透光片的外表面形成极具立体感和多种色彩的高亮度图形效果。本发明的光学透光片的适宜的透过率应设计控制在35~50%。
此外,还检测了实施例1~实施例4的光学透光片的外膜层的表面硬度。经检测,实施例1~实施例4的外膜层的表面硬度≥2H,且实施例2~实施例4的外膜层的表面硬度高于实施例1的外膜层的表面硬度,这说明硅油保护层有利于提高外膜层的表面硬度,从而进一步提高外膜层的表面硬度,延长光学透光片的使用寿命。
Claims (8)
1.一种光学透光片,包括透明的光学基片,所述的光学基片的外表面设置有外膜层,所述的光学基片的内表面设置有内膜层,所述的内膜层为全反膜,所述的全反膜上设置有与所述的光学基片的内表面相通的缺口,其特征在于:所述的外膜层包括过渡膜和部分反射膜,所述的过渡膜设置在所述的光学基片的外表面与所述的部分反射膜之间,所述的部分反射膜包括至少三层厚度为0.2~1.5 nm的介质膜组,所述的介质膜组由从内向外依次设置的二氧化钛层和二氧化硅层组成,所述的二氧化硅层和所述的二氧化钛层的厚度之比为1~3:1,或者,所述的介质膜组由从内向外依次设置的氯化锌层和一氧化硅层组成,所述的一氧化硅层和所述的氯化锌层的厚度之比为1~3:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光学透光片,其特征在于:所述的过渡膜为厚度0.1~1.0nm的二氧化硅膜或者一氧化硅膜。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种光学透光片,其特征在于:所述的过渡膜为厚度0.3~0.7nm的二氧化硅膜或者一氧化硅膜。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种光学透光片,其特征在于:所述的外膜层的外表面设置有经固化处理的硅油保护层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种光学透光片,其特征在于:所述的全反膜为厚度0.1~1.2nm的金属膜。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种光学透光片,其特征在于:所述的光学基片的内表面与所述的金属膜之间设置有硅油保护膜。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种光学透光片,其特征在于:所述的光学基片为玻璃片或塑料片。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的一种光学透光片,其特征在于:所述的缺口为文字形缺口或图案形缺口。
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