CN106311151A - 基于mof材料的复合吸附剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

基于mof材料的复合吸附剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106311151A
CN106311151A CN201610740796.3A CN201610740796A CN106311151A CN 106311151 A CN106311151 A CN 106311151A CN 201610740796 A CN201610740796 A CN 201610740796A CN 106311151 A CN106311151 A CN 106311151A
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陆紫生
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Abstract

一种吸附制冷技术领域的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂及其制备方法，将MOF材料加热处理后和EG按比例混合得到混合物，将混合物浸渍在氯化盐溶液中，之后烘干处理得到MOF/EG/氯化盐复合吸附剂。本发明制备的MOF/EG/氯化盐复合吸附剂的比表面积是传统硅胶吸附剂的7倍、可达5000m2/g，微孔体积是硅胶的6倍、可达3.6cm3/g，在300℃以下具有较好的稳定性同时还具有较高的孔隙率，并在传热性能、压缩回弹性、生态环境协调性等方面具有显著的优越性。

Description

基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种吸附制冷领域的技术，具体是一种基于MOF(MetalOrganicFramework，金属有机骨架)材料的复合吸附剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
太阳能吸附空调被认为是一种很有前景的太阳能利用技术，其主要优点有：1)可由低品位热源驱动，无需压缩机或溶液泵，耗电量较少；2)无温室气体排放，并且使用环境友好型吸附剂和制冷剂；3)吸附式空调的结构和控制系统相对简单。
近些年，国内外大量科研人员在太阳能吸附空调方面进行了深入研究，其研究领域主要包括：高效吸附剂研究、先进吸附制冷循环研究以及应用研究等。
硅胶‐水是最常见的太阳能吸附空调工作对。水是一种优秀的制冷剂，其汽化潜热较大，但由于蒸发温度不能低于0℃，所以硅胶‐水工作对只用在吸附空调系统中。这种技术已在欧洲市场化，有ACS‐08和Sortech‐AG等硅胶‐水吸附空调产品出售。但该技术的主要缺点是硅胶对水的循环吸附量比较小：在空调工况下，其循环吸附量为8‐9％千克水/千克吸附剂，所以此类技术需要较多的吸附剂，使得系统的体积和成本都较大；另外，在采暖工况下，硅胶对水的理论循环吸附量只有1‐2％千克水/千克吸附剂，所以在实际应用中硅胶‐水难以实现吸附热泵采暖循环。
另外一种在太阳能吸附系统中常用到的吸附剂是分子筛，其中最常用的是FAU(Faujasite)框架型分子筛和LTA(LindeTypeA)框架型分子筛。分子筛比硅胶更亲水，因而其再生温度更高，达到了200℃。如欲将其应用到太阳能系统中，必须使用聚焦和跟踪式太阳能集热器，增加了太阳能吸附空调系统的成本。同时，由于驱动温度比较高，所以分子筛系统在晴天中工作时间较短。在实际应用中，需要通过降低分子筛强亲水性来降低驱动温度，研究人员利用离子交换、改变Si/Al比例以及去Al等技术手段进行改性，但迄今依然难以将驱动温度降低到理想的数值。
传统物理吸附剂，如硅胶、分子筛和活性炭等的吸附量都较小，而最近一种新型微孔材料即金属有机骨架因其在吸附性能的优越性引起广泛关注。1995年，Yaghi小组在Nature上报道了第一个被命名为MOF的具有二维结构的配位化合物。2003年，该小组在Science杂志上继续报道了具有立方三维结构的一系列MOF材料，成为化合物发展史上的一个里程碑。MOF材料是由无机金属中心与桥连的有机配体通过自组装相互连接，形成的一类具有周期性网络结构的晶态多孔材料。这类多孔材料具有优越的吸附性能，典型的MOF有MIL‐100、MIL‐101和HKUST‐1等。近年来科研人员研究其在气体储存、分离、催化和药物传输等领域中的应用，发现其具有巨大的发展潜力和诱人的前景。MOF的特性在太阳能吸附热利用领域中同样具有极大意义。另一方面，传统吸附剂的导热系数较低，一般只有0.20‐0.36W/(m·℃)。利用EG(Expanded Graphite，膨胀石墨)来提高吸附剂的导热系数，吸附剂/膨胀石墨复合吸附剂的导热系数可以提高15倍左右。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的上述不足，提出了一种基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂及其制备方法，能够综合MOF材料比表面积大、EG传热系数高的特性，与氯化盐复合形成具有较大吸附量、较高导热系数的复合吸附剂。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的，
本发明涉及一种基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，将MOF材料加热处理后和EG混合，再将混合物浸渍在氯化盐溶液中，经烘干处理得到MOF/EG/氯化盐复合吸附剂。
所述的MOF材料为CPO‐27‐Ni或HKUST‐1金属-有机框架。
所述的混合物中MOF材料与EG的重量比例为1:4。
所述的氯化盐为LiCl或CaCl2。
所述的氯化盐溶液的质量百分比浓度为40％。
所述的加热处理是在100℃下加热5小时。
所述的烘干处理为在100℃下烘干5小时。
所述的浸渍时间为12小时。
所述的EG通过将可膨胀石墨置于900℃下，加热4小时得到。
本发明涉及上述方法制备得到的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂，包括：MOF材料、EG和氯化盐，三者的重量比例为1:4:4。
所述的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂可在太阳能吸附空调中循环使用。
技术效果
与现有技术相比，本发明制备的MOF/EG/氯化盐复合吸附剂的比表面积是传统硅胶吸附剂的7倍、可达5000m2/g，微孔体积是硅胶的6倍、可达3.6cm3/g，在300℃以下具有较好的稳定性同时还具有较高的孔隙率，并在传热性能、压缩回弹性、生态环境协调性等方面具有显著的优越性；基于本发明的太阳能吸附空调的循环吸附量最大可达0.17克水/克吸附剂，是传统硅胶水太阳能吸附空调的1.7倍。
附图说明
图1为实施例1效果示意图；
图中：Qe为蒸发热、Qc1为冷凝热、Qc2为吸附热。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
本实施例通过将CPO‐27‐Ni在100℃下加热5小时，然后与EG按重量比例1:4混合得到混合物，将混合物浸渍在LiCl溶液中12小时，之后在100℃下烘干5小时，得到CPO‐27‐Ni/EG/LiCl复合吸附剂。
所述的EG通过将可膨胀石墨置于900℃下，加热4小时得到。
所述的LiCl溶液的质量百分比浓度为40％。
本实施例涉及上述方法制备得到基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂，包括：CPO‐27‐Ni、EG和LiCl，三者的重量比例为1:4:4。
如图1所示，为本实施例制备得到的复合吸附剂用于太阳能吸附空调的性能比较图，如图可见：本实施例置备的复合吸附剂在太阳能空调系统中的循环吸附量可达0.17克水/克吸附剂，是传统吸附剂循环吸附量的1.7倍左右。
实施例2
本实施例通过将HKUST‐1在100℃下加热5小时，然后与EG按重量比例1:4混合得到混合物，将混合物浸渍在CaCl2溶液中12小时，之后在100℃下烘干5小时，得到HKUST‐1/EG/CaCl2复合吸附剂。
所述的EG通过将可膨胀石墨置于900℃下，加热4小时得到。
所述的CaCl2溶液的质量百分比浓度为40％。
本实施例涉及上述方法制备得到基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂，包括：HKUST‐1、EG和CaCl2，三者的重量比例为1:4:4。
实施例3
本实施例通过将HKUST‐1在100℃下加热5小时，然后与EG按重量比例1:4混合得到混合物，将混合物浸渍在LiCl溶液中12小时，之后在100℃下烘干5小时，得到HKUST‐1/EG/LiCl复合吸附剂。
所述的EG通过将可膨胀石墨置于900℃下，加热4小时得到。
所述的LiCl溶液的质量百分比浓度为40％。
本实施例涉及上述方法制备得到基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂，包括：HKUST‐1、EG和LiCl，三者的重量比例为1:4:4。
实施例4
本实施例通过将CPO‐27‐Ni在100℃下加热5小时，然后与EG按重量比例1:4混合得到混合物，将混合物浸渍在CaCl2溶液中12小时，之后在100℃下烘干5小时，得到CPO‐27‐Ni/EG/CaCl2复合吸附剂。
所述的EG通过将可膨胀石墨置于900℃下，加热4小时得到。
所述的CaCl2溶液的质量百分比浓度为40％。
本实施例涉及上述方法制备得到基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂，包括：CPO‐27‐Ni、EG和CaCl2，三者的重量比例为1:4:4。

Claims (11)

1.一种基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，将MOF材料加热处理后和EG按比例混合得到混合物，将混合物浸渍在氯化盐溶液中，之后烘干处理得到MOF/EG/氯化盐复合吸附剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述的MOF材料为CPO‐27‐Ni或HKUST‐1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述的MOF材料在100℃下加热5小时后与EG混合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述的MOF材料与EG混合的重量比例为1∶4。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述的氯化盐为LiCl或CaCl2。
6.根据权利要求5所述的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述的氯化盐溶液的质量百分比浓度为40％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述的混合物在氯化盐溶液中的浸渍时间为12小时。
8.根据权利要求1所述的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述的烘干处理为在100℃下烘干5小时。
9.根据权利要求1所述的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述的EG通过将可膨胀石墨置于900℃下加热4小时得到。
10.一种采用上述任一权利要求所述的方法制备得到的基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂，其特征在于，包括：MOF材料、EG和氯化盐，三者的重量比例为1∶4∶4。
11.一种基于MOF材料的复合吸附剂的应用，其特征在于，用于太阳能吸附空调的循环。
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CN112755965A (zh) * 2021-02-25 2021-05-07 北京工业大学 一种由mof材料和氯化锂的复合除湿吸附剂纸片的制备方法
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CN108993414A (zh) * 2018-07-25 2018-12-14 南京工业大学 一种MOFs-泡沫金属复合吸附剂的制备方法
CN112755965A (zh) * 2021-02-25 2021-05-07 北京工业大学 一种由mof材料和氯化锂的复合除湿吸附剂纸片的制备方法
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