CN106281335A - Comprise the heavy metal passivation compositions of zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer - Google Patents
Comprise the heavy metal passivation compositions of zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106281335A CN106281335A CN201510246002.3A CN201510246002A CN106281335A CN 106281335 A CN106281335 A CN 106281335A CN 201510246002 A CN201510246002 A CN 201510246002A CN 106281335 A CN106281335 A CN 106281335A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heavy metal comprising zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer passivation compositions.The effective ingredient of this heavy metal passivation compositions is made up of zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer.In described heavy metal passivation compositions, the mass parts of zeolite is 20-30 part, specially 25 parts；The mass parts of charcoal is 20-30 part, specially 25 parts；The mass parts of described Si-K fertilizer is 5-15 part, specially 10 parts.The invention provides the heavy metal passivation compositions that a kind of effective ingredient is zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer.Test shows, slag can significantly reduce the Cd content in plant.It is applicable to various crops, is particularly suited for reducing the content of heavy metal Cd in Oryza sativa L., there is important using value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, relate to a kind of heavy metal comprising zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer passivation compositions.
Background technology
In recent years, China's heavy metal pollution is the most serious, present industry to shift to underground transfer, upstream toward downstream to transfer of rural, earth's surface to agricultural transfer, city, the situation of transfer from water and soil pollution to food chain, is going into sudden, linksystem, zonal outburst stage by the pollution progressively accumulated.Ecological environment, food safety and health are constituted a serious threat by heavy metal pollution of soil.
On April 18th, 2014, Environmental Protection Department and Ministry of Land and Resources have issued national Soil Pollution Investigation publication, the covering of points for investigation position all arable land, part forest land, meadow, unused land and construction land.Result shows, whole nation soil environment situation totally allows of no optimist, and wherein arable land heavy metal pollution is especially serious, soil point position exceeding standard rate reaches 19.4%, far above forest land (10.0%) and the exceeding standard rate of meadow (10.4%).Exceeding standard in terms of situation from pollutant, cadmium, hydrargyrum, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium, zinc, 8 kinds of inorganic pollution object point position exceeding standard rate of nickel are respectively 7.0%, 1.6%, 2.7%, 2.1%, 1.5%, 1.1%, 0.9%, 4.8%, the most serious with cadmium pollution.
Cadmium pollution not only has a strong impact on plant growth, and by the health even life of the food chain harm mankind.Toxic heavy metal pollution course in agricultural land soil system has the feature of disguise, chronicity and irreversibility, it has also become " the stealthy killer " of health.Research shows, cadmium is not the element of a kind of needed by human.The quantity that population takes in Cd by food has exceeded the 90% of total exposed amount, wherein rice, Semen Tritici aestivi, vegetable and Mollusca food reach 40%～85% to the contribution that day takes in total cadmium, cadmium is considered as the heavy metal maximum to health toxicity, Cd was set to human carcinogen as far back as 1993 by international cancer research office (IARC) the most, can cause mankind's renal carcinoma, bladder cancer, and breast carcinoma and carcinoma of prostate.
Based on this situation, China's heavy metal pollution of soil problem is increasingly paid much attention to by people, and becomes one by the global problem of extensive concern.The decontamination technology of heavy metal-polluted soil receives much concern.The improvement of heavy metal pollution of soil mainly has method, microorganism and the phytoremediation technology low costs such as biology, physics and chemistry, environmental friendliness, but owing to its target organism Biomass is little, repair time is long, is not suitable for agricultural land soil；Physical method easily operates, but relatively costly, is only suitable in little scope；Chemical in situ deactivation method low cost, easily operating, though the heavy metal in soil can not thoroughly be removed, but be applicable to large-scale farmland, selecting suitable passivator is then the key of chemical method.
Passivation heavy metal-polluted soil typically refers to be difficult to by this Crop by changing over from the Crop being easily planted in soil containing the bigger heavy metal of the toxicity such as lead, cadmium, chromium, hydrargyrum in soil, to reduce the heavy metal in soil toxicity to crop, thus ensure person poultry safety.
Due to China's intensive vegetable filed area expanding day, the technical need solving soil in protected field heavy metal pollution is the most urgent, development facility field of vegetables heavy metal pollution Control Technology and environmentally friendly product, for realizing the intensive vegetable filed high yield of China, stable yields and the sustainable use of field of vegetables, ensure crop production safety, there is important practice significance and wide application prospect, it is an important technical demand of outskirts of a town resources conservation and environmental harmony type agricultural development, is the important support technology pushed forward the building of a new socialist countryside.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of heavy metal comprising zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer passivation compositions.
The heavy metal passivation compositions that the present invention provides, its effective ingredient is made up of zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer.
Above-mentioned heavy metal passivation compositions also can be only made up of described zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer.
In above-mentioned heavy metal passivation compositions, the mesh number of zeolite is 100-200 mesh, specially 100 mesh；
The zeolite of described zeolite concretely following main chemical compositions: silicon dioxide 65～69%, aluminium sesquioxide 12～13%, calcium oxide 1.8～3.3%, potassium chloride 1.1～3.1%, sodium oxide 0.3～2.6%, iron sesquioxide 0.6～1.7%, magnesium oxide 0.1～1.0%, titanium dioxide 0.07～0.13%.This zeolite is purchased from Chengde great zeolite factory.
The mesh number of described Si-K fertilizer is 80-200 mesh, specially 100 mesh.
The Si-K fertilizer of Si-K fertilizer concretely following main chemical compositions: potassium oxide 4.5%, silicon dioxide 28.9%, calcium oxide 32.0%, effective zinc 0.0002%, effective ferrum 0.00064%, effective manganese 0.00125%.
The mesh number of described charcoal is 20-100 mesh, specially 100 mesh；
Described charcoal be by crops straw-carbonized after, pulverize and obtain；
In described carburising step, temperature is 300～500 DEG C；Time is 0.2-0.4 hour；
In described pulverising step, the mesh number 20-100 mesh of sieve aperture, specially 100 mesh；
At least one in corn and soybean, Sorghum vulgare Pers. and Semen Tritici aestivi of described crops.
In described heavy metal passivation compositions, the mass parts of zeolite is 20-30 part, specially 25 parts；
The mass parts of charcoal is 20-30 part, specially 25 parts；
The mass parts of described Si-K fertilizer is 5-15 part, specially 10 parts.
The heavy metal passivation compositions that described heavy metal passivation compositions is concretely made up of zeolite, charcoal and the Si-K fertilizer of following mass ratio: 25:25:10,20:30:10,30:20:10,25:30:5,25:20:15,30:25:5 or 20:25:15.
What the present invention provided prepares the method that described heavy metal is passivated compositions, comprises the steps: to mix aforementioned each component according to proportioning, obtains described heavy metal passivation compositions.
The method reduced in plant in content of beary metal that the present invention provides, comprises the steps: to add the heavy metal passivation compositions that the aforementioned present invention provides in described cultivation of plants substrate.
In said method, described heavy metal passivation compositions is 12.5g-20g:1kg with the mass ratio of described cultivation of plants substrate；The quality of described cultivation of plants substrate in terms of the quality of dry ground, specially 15g:1kg.
Described plant is crops；
Described crops are specially Oryza sativa L..
Described heavy metal concretely cadmium.
Described cultivation matrix concretely soil matrix.
Described being incorporated as disposably adds.
Content of beary metal during content of beary metal specially reduces the plant of described plant in described reduction plant, concretely reduces the content of beary metal in rice plant, can be more specifically the content of beary metal in the rice plant reducing tillering stage and/or jointing stage.
The invention provides the heavy metal deactivator that a kind of effective ingredient is zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer.Test shows, slag can significantly reduce the Cd content in plant.It is applicable to various crops, is particularly suited for reducing the content of heavy metal Cd in rice plant, there is important using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 difference heavy metal resistance control material processes the impact on Oryza sativa L. Cd in tillering stage；
Fig. 2 difference heavy metal resistance control material processes the impact on jointing stage Oryza sativa L. Cd；
In above-mentioned Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, different letters all represent significant difference (P < 0.05).
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but the present invention is not limited to following example.Described method is conventional method if no special instructions.Described raw material the most all can obtain from open commercial sources.
Embodiment 1, the different heavy metal passivating material impact on rice plant Cd
This test uses method for potted, test to carry out outside Inst. of Plant Nutrition &. Resource, Beijing City Academy of Agricultural &. Fo greenhouse.
Being Guiyang, the Hunan rice soil by cadmium pollution for examination soil, basis physicochemical property is full nitrogen 3.63g/kg, organic 79.4g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 226mg/kg, available phosphorus 38.7mg/kg, available potassium 126mg/kg, pH6.13.
5 process, the most different Cd resistance control materials, combination formula and comparison: zeolite, biological carbon, Si-K fertilizer, combination formula (zeolite+biological carbon+Si-K fertilizer) and CK are divided in test；It is repeated 4 times.
Zeolite is the zeolite powder of mistake 100 mesh sieve that Chengde great zeolite factory produces.Main chemical compositions is: silicon dioxide 65～69%, aluminium sesquioxide 12～13%, calcium oxide 1.8～3.3%, potassium chloride 1.1～3.1%, sodium oxide 0.3～2.6%, iron sesquioxide 0.6～1.7%, magnesium oxide 0.1～1.0%, titanium dioxide 0.07～0.13%.Cross 100 mesh sieves standby.
Charcoal is the solid product obtained after 0.4 hour through 500 DEG C of carbonizations by corn straw, crosses 100 mesh sieves standby after pulverizing.
Si-K fertilizer crosses 100 mesh sieves.Main chemical compositions is potassium oxide 4.5%, silicon dioxide 28.9%, calcium oxide 32.0%, effective zinc 0.0002%, effective ferrum 0.00064%, effective manganese 0.00125%.
Each process dose is consistent, is chicken manure 200g, carbamide 0.4g, diamidogen 0.8g, potassium chloride 0.8g.Different disposal resistance control material addition is respectively as follows: zeolite 25g, biological carbon 25g, Si-K fertilizer 10g, combination formula 60g (zeolite 25g, biological carbon 25g, Si-K fertilizer 10g), CK without.
Meanwhile, the Cd passivation effect research adjusting formula proportion has also been carried out in this test, and concrete setting is shown in Table 1.
The setting of table 1, different ratio formula and the Cd passivation effect on Oryza sativa L.
Examination is Oryza sativa L. (kind: Japan is fine) for crop, sows on April 9th, 2014.In dress soil on May 6th, 2014, every basin 5.7kg weight in wet base, dry weight 4kg, Potted-plant container is external diameter 25cm, the plastic tub of high 30cm.
Rice transplanting on May 8, every basin 4 pier, the strain of every pier 5.Each process field management and period of duration topdress holding unanimously.
Respectively fetching water respectively at tillering stage on June 17th, 2014 and jointing stage July 17 rice 1 stem and leaf pier, plant takes back laboratory dries, and pulverizes, and measures Cd content after grinding, and the assay method of Cd is atomic absorption spectrophotometer (flame method).
Data arrange in excel, and the Cd content balance of different disposal uses one factor analysis of variance, and multiple comparisons method is LSD (P < 0.05).
Result of the test:
As shown in Figure 1, during in rice plant of tillering stage, zeolite is to plant, Cd does not has passivation effect, and biological carbon, Si-K fertilizer and formula process and all significantly reduce Cd content (P < 0.05), wherein best the processing for Si-K fertilizer of effect, compare comparison and reduce 48.7%Cd content, and the resistance control efficiency that formula processes is 41.0%.Enter jointing stage, zeolite, Si-K fertilizer and formula process and all show passivation effect (P < 0.05) significantly, and lost efficacy showing good biological carbon before.The passivation effect that wherein formula processes is optimal (60%), and the Si-K fertilizer of singly executing behaved oneself best before having exceeded processes.Simultaneously it is also seen that formula processes deeply the improving with planting season of the passivation effect to Oryza sativa L. Cd, overall being better than is used alone various passivating material.
Table 1 adjusts the formula passivation effect to Oryza sativa L. Cd for other carried out simultaneously, visible no matter in tillering stage or jointing stage, the formula of different ratio all significantly reduces the Cd content in plant, but (tillering stage, Cd content was 0.106mg/kg to the heavy metal passivation composite formula that what effect was best remain Fig. 1, the present invention shown in 2 provide, jointing stage is 0.108mg/kg), namely the heavy metal passivation compositions being made up of zeolite, charcoal and the Si-K fertilizer of mass ratio 25:25:10.
Claims (10)
1. a heavy metal species passivation compositions, its effective ingredient is made up of zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer.
Heavy metal the most according to claim 1 passivation compositions, it is characterised in that: described heavy metal passivation group
Compound is made up of described zeolite, charcoal and Si-K fertilizer.
Heavy metal the most according to claim 1 and 2 passivation compositions, it is characterised in that: the mesh of described zeolite
Number is 80-200 mesh, specially 100 mesh；
The mesh number of described Si-K fertilizer is 80-200 mesh, specially 100 mesh；
The mesh number of described charcoal is 20-100 mesh, specially 100 mesh；
Described charcoal be by crops straw-carbonized after, pulverize and obtain；
In described carburising step, temperature is 300～500 DEG C；Time is 0.2 hour-0.4 hour；
In described pulverising step, the mesh number 20-100 mesh of sieve aperture, specially 100 mesh；
Described crops are chosen in particular from least one in corn and soybean, Sorghum vulgare Pers. and Semen Tritici aestivi.
Heavy metal the most according to claim 3 passivation compositions, it is characterised in that: described heavy metal passivation group
In compound, the mass parts of zeolite is 20-30 part, specially 25 parts；
The mass parts of charcoal is 20-30 part, specially 25 parts；
The mass parts of described Si-K fertilizer is 5-15 part, specially 10 parts.
5. in claim 1-4, arbitrary described heavy metal is passivated compositions as the application in heavy metal deactivator.
6. prepare a method for arbitrary described heavy metal passivation compositions in claim 1-4, comprise the steps:
Described each component arbitrary in claim 1-4 is mixed according to proportioning, obtains described heavy metal passivation compositions.
7. reduce the method in content of beary metal in plant, comprise the steps: at described cultivation of plants base
Matter adds arbitrary described heavy metal passivation compositions in claim 1-4.
Method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described heavy metal passivation compositions is planted with described
The mass ratio of the cultivation matrix of thing is 12.5g-20g:1kg；The quality of described cultivation of plants substrate is with the quality of dry ground
Meter, specially 15g:1kg.
9. according to the method described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that: described plant is crops；
Described crops are specially Oryza sativa L..
10. according to described method arbitrary in claim 7-9, it is characterised in that: described heavy metal is cadmium；Or,
Described cultivation matrix is soil matrix；Or,
Described being incorporated as disposably adds.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107573197A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-01-12 | 峨眉山市瑞丰生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of soil improvement and heavy metal repair special fertilizer |
| CN115785962A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-03-14 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Passivator for severe cadmium polluted rice field soil and application method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102807872A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2012-12-05 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biochar mixing type protected horticultural vegetable field soil heavy metal passivant and preparation method thereof |
| CN103320138A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-25 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Soil cadmium passivator, preparation method thereof, and application of soil cadmium passivator in reducing tobacco cadmium |
| CN104609946A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-13 | 杭州师范大学 | Composite controlled retarder for soil heavy metal pollution of vegetable field and application thereof |
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2015
- 2015-05-14 CN CN201510246002.3A patent/CN106281335A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102807872A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2012-12-05 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biochar mixing type protected horticultural vegetable field soil heavy metal passivant and preparation method thereof |
| CN103320138A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-25 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Soil cadmium passivator, preparation method thereof, and application of soil cadmium passivator in reducing tobacco cadmium |
| CN104609946A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-13 | 杭州师范大学 | Composite controlled retarder for soil heavy metal pollution of vegetable field and application thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107573197A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-01-12 | 峨眉山市瑞丰生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of soil improvement and heavy metal repair special fertilizer |
| CN115785962A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-03-14 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Passivator for severe cadmium polluted rice field soil and application method |
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Application publication date: 20170104 |