CN106281048A - A kind of preparation method of low fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of low fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin Download PDFInfo
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- CN106281048A CN106281048A CN201610562091.7A CN201610562091A CN106281048A CN 106281048 A CN106281048 A CN 106281048A CN 201610562091 A CN201610562091 A CN 201610562091A CN 106281048 A CN106281048 A CN 106281048A
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09H—PREPARATION OF GLUE OR GELATINE
- C09H1/00—Pretreatment of collagen-containing raw materials for the manufacture of glue
- C09H1/04—Pretreatment of collagen-containing raw materials for the manufacture of glue of hides, hoofs, or leather scrap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09H—PREPARATION OF GLUE OR GELATINE
- C09H3/00—Isolation of glue or gelatine from raw materials, e.g. by extracting, by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides the preparation method of a kind of low fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, add liquid detergent aqueous degreaser including taking Oncorhynchi fish skin；Add sodium hydroxide solution alkali to process；Add aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution decolouring；Add citric acid solution decalcification；Add phosphoric acid solution acid treatment fish skin；Add Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract, with hot water extraction, cool down, be centrifuged and collect supernatant, be gelatin solution；By gelatin solution lyophilization, obtain low fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin.The present invention is with Oncorhynchi fish skin as raw material, it is provided that the preparation method of a kind of Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, improves the utilization rate of by-product fish skin in the discarded Oncorhynchi course of processing, decreases environmental pollution；The inventive method is easy and simple to handle, reduces the operation easier of workman, and processing cost is low, production efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the making field of a kind of fish skin food, particularly to a kind of low fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin
Manufacture method.
Background technology
Gelatin be the hydrolyzate of collagen protein, i.e. collagen molecules rupture under heat effect degraded formed natural height
Molecule mixture, has higher safety.The main source of the always gelatin such as the skin of the mammals such as pigs and cattle and bone, but by
Outburst in Animal diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, foot and mouth disease, bird flus makes people that mammal gelatin to create query, and European Union is even
Forbid food uses cattle source gelatin product, and religions belief has hindered the application of pig source gelatin the most to a certain extent.
In world wide, gelatin market demand increases year by year, and supply falls short of demand.Therefore, searching new type resource exploitation gelatin product, replacement pig,
Cattle source gelatin is the inevitable development trend of gelatin industry.In fish skin, collagen content reaches about 30%, is the potential of high-quality
Gelatin resource.Fishskin gelatin has good biodegradability and biocompatibility, has the features such as low irritability simultaneously.Profit
Gelatin industry pressure can not only be alleviated, it is also possible to reduce environmental pollution and the wasting of resources, improve with fish skin exploitation gelatin product
The economic worth of aquatic products processing by-product.
Oncorhynchi belongs to salmon fishes, is famous cold aqueous anadromy migrant.China is that Oncorhynchi processes big country, by
This produces a large amount of discarded fish skin.Oncorhynchi is famous and precious cold water fingerling, and its fishskin gelatin has own characteristic, more compared with other Fish
Easily it is absorbed and used it is considered to be develop the good source of the functional products such as collagen peptide, there is wide market development valency
Value.The most domestic extraction report having no Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, the extraction to Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin abroad is studied and is also rarely had
Report.
Manufacturing of gelatin technique generally includes pretreatment of raw material, extracts and be dried three parts, wherein pretreatment and extraction step
Being the committed step that collagen protein is converted into gelatin, pretreating process is directly connected to the yield and quality of gelatin.At present, bright
Glue extract mostly use hot water extraction method, i.e. refer to raw material after the pre-treatments such as grease removal fat, remove impurity albumen, in uniform temperature condition
The most directly use hot water extraction.
There is following drawback in tradition fishskin gelatin extraction process:
One, use the organic solvents such as normal hexane, petroleum ether, ether and n-butyl alcohol to carry out grease removal, affect gelatin product safety
Property, reagent cost is high simultaneously, and pollutes environment；
Two, the alkali liquor of high concentration and soak with hydrochloric acid raw material, is difficult to remove in fish skin the materials such as melanin, affects gelatin product
, there is operation potential safety hazard in appearance character simultaneously；
Three, fish skin uses strong acid decalcification, destroys gelatin integrity, affects its functional character；
Four, the rancidity fishy smell of fishskin gelatin is heavier.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to develop the technique of a kind of safe and environment-friendly high-valued processing of Oncorhynchi fish skin, fully open
Send out and utilize the collagen peptide in fish skin, improve the utilization rate of by-product in the Oncorhynchi course of processing, it is to avoid the wasting of resources and ring
Environment pollution；Enrich Oncorhynchi food variety simultaneously.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides the preparation method of a kind of low fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, including
Following steps:
S1, pretreatment of raw material: take Oncorhynchi fish skin, clean, standby；
Oncorhynchi fish skin, need not shave squama, only need to remove the impurity such as minced meat, silt.
S2, addition liquid detergent aqueous solution, 18～25 DEG C of immersions 3～5h in the standby fish skin that step S1 obtains, rinse, receive
Collection fish skin, is defat fish skin；
Described standby fish skin is 1g:5～15ml with the mass volume ratio of described liquid detergent aqueous solution；
Described liquid detergent aqueous solution is that the conventional liquid detergent dilute of family prepares, efficiently, flushing fast, easy of deoiling the most residual
The liquid detergent stayed.
S3, the defat fish skin obtained in step S2 add sodium hydroxide solution, and 18～25 DEG C are soaked 3～8h, are washed to
PH value is 7～9, collects fish skin, obtains alkali and processes fish skin；
Described concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 0.01～0.1mol/L, described defat fish skin and described sodium hydroxide solution
Mass volume ratio is 1g:3～15ml；
S4, addition aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, 18～25 DEG C of immersions 1～4h in the alkali process fish skin that step S3 prepares, receive
Collection fish skin, obtains the fish skin that decolours；
Described aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution volumetric concentration is 0.5～2%, and it is water-soluble with described hydrogen peroxide that described alkali processes fish skin
The mass volume ratio of liquid is 1g:3～15ml；
S5, addition citric acid solution, 18～25 DEG C of immersions 1～3h in the decolouring fish skin that step S4 prepares, wash 3 with water
Secondary, collect fish skin, obtain decalcification fish skin；
The concentration of described citric acid solution is 0.1～0.8mol/L, described decolouring fish skin and the matter of described citric acid solution
Amount volume ratio is 1g:8～25ml；
S6, addition phosphoric acid solution, 18～25 DEG C of immersions 2～5h in the decalcification fish skin that step S5 prepares, be washed to pH value
It is 6～7, collects fish skin, obtain acid treatment fish skin；
The concentration of described phosphoric acid solution is 0.05～0.1mol/L, described decalcification fish skin and the mass body of described phosphoric acid solution
Long-pending ratio is 1g:4ml～10ml；
S7, to step S6 prepare acid treatment fish skin in add Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract, under 40～80 DEG C of environment, add water logging
Carry 8～18h, after being cooled to 18～25 DEG C, centrifugal collection supernatant, it is gelatin solution；
Described acid treatment fish skin is 1g:2～12ml with the mass volume ratio of addition water；Described fish skin carries with described Herba Rosmarini Officinalis
The mass ratio taking thing is 1g:0.0005～0.005g；
Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract of the present invention is the Herba Rosmarini Officinalis crude extract purchased from Yu Zhong bio tech ltd, Henan.
S8, the gelatin solution lyophilization 24～36h step S7 prepared, obtain low fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin.
Under optimal way, the mass volume ratio of standby fish skin described in step S2 and described liquid detergent aqueous solution be 1g:5～
8ml；
Defat fish skin described in step S3 is 1g:5～8ml with the mass volume ratio of described sodium hydroxide solution；
It is 1g:5～8ml that alkali described in step S4 processes the mass volume ratio of fish skin and described aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution；
Described in step S5, decolouring fish skin is 1g:8ml with the mass volume ratio of described citric acid solution；
Decalcification fish skin described in step S6 is 1g:4～8ml with the mass volume ratio of described phosphoric acid solution；
Acid treatment fish skin described in step S7 is 1g:5ml with the mass volume ratio of addition water；Described fish skin and described Herba Rosmarini Officinalis
The mass ratio of extract is 1g:0.002～0.003g.
Under optimal way, every 60～80 minutes of immersion process described in step S2, step S3, step S4, step S5, step S6
Change a soaking solution.
Under optimal way, condition centrifugal described in step S7 is: centrifugal force 4000～10000g, ambient temperature 18～25
DEG C, centrifugation time 10～30min.
Under optimal way, described in step S7, cryodesiccated mode is: vacuum lyophilization, step S7 is prepared before being dried
Gelatin solution be placed in-80 DEG C of pre-freezes 2～4h.
The present invention has a following innovation and advantage compared to conventional technique and like product:
1, the present invention is with Oncorhynchi fish skin as raw material, it is provided that the preparation method of a kind of Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, improves
In the discarded Oncorhynchi course of processing, the utilization rate of by-product fish skin, decreases environmental pollution.
2, the Oncorhynchi fish skin in the present invention is without carrying out shaving squama technique, easy and simple to handle, reduces the operation easier of workman,
Processing cost is low, production efficiency is high.
3, the present invention uses liquid detergent aqueous solution replace the organic solvent in traditional method to remove the fat in fish skin, use
Amount less, low cost, pollution-free；Liquid detergent solution concentration is low, consumption is few, through repeatedly rinsing, up to noresidue, makes the bright of preparation
Glue product is safer, and decreases the fishy smell of fishskin gelatin product to a certain extent.
4, the sodium hydroxide lye concentration that the present invention uses is less than prior art, and can reach preferably to remove the effect of foreign protein
Really.
5, the present invention uses hydrogenperoxide steam generator immersion treatment fish skin in short-term so that the extraction ratio of fishskin gelatin substantially increases
Adding, reached the effect of fish skin decolouring simultaneously, the gelatin color property making acquisition is more preferable；Hydrogen peroxide itself easily decomposes, and molten
The concentration of liquid is relatively low, after repeatedly rinsing, can reach noresidue.
6, the present invention uses citric acid that fish skin is carried out decalcification process, it is thus achieved that fishskin gelatin solution more clear,
The color property of gelatin significantly improves.
7, the present invention adds a small amount of Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract during extracting, it is possible to the fatty oxygen during suppression extraction
Change, effectively reduce the fishy smell of fishskin gelatin product.
8, the present invention uses different temperatures to extract gelatin, it is thus achieved that the fishskin gelatin that character is different, can be as required in production
Specific treatment conditions, Extracting temperature is selected to obtain the gelatin product of required character.
To sum up, the inventive method uses the techniques such as liquid detergent grease removal, hydrogen peroxide decolouring, citric acid decalcification to carry out fish skin
Pretreatment, uses different temperatures hot water to add a small amount of Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract simultaneously, extract obtain a series of emulsibilities, foaming characteristic,
The high-quality fishskin gelatin that gel strength is preferable and fishlike smell is relatively low, present invention improves the character of fishskin gelatin, and having expanded should
Use scope.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme is described further by following example, contributes to understanding this patent, but the present invention
Embodiment be not restricted by the embodiments, protection scope of the present invention requirement of having the right determines.
Embodiment 1
The method of preparation Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, comprises the following steps:
(1) take Oncorhynchi fish skin, squama need not be shaved, remove the impurity such as minced meat, silt, chopping, clean, standby；
(2) by clean fish skin volume fraction 1% liquid detergent aqueous solution soaking, soak time is 3h, and every 1h changes once
Solution, Oncorhynchi fish skin is 1g:5ml with the mass volume ratio of liquid detergent aqueous solution, soaks and rinses 3 times with tap water after terminating,
Collect fish skin；
(3) fish skin obtained in (2) step add 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide solution soak 4h, every 80min change the most molten
Liquid, fish skin is 1g:5ml with the mass volume ratio of sodium hydroxide solution, after alkali processes, is washed to neutrality, collects fish skin；
(4) it is that 1% hydrogenperoxide steam generator soaks that the fish skin obtained in (3) step adds volumetric concentration, and soak time is
2h, every 1h change solution, and fish skin is 1g:5ml with the mass volume ratio of hydrogenperoxide steam generator, and after immersion, tap water rinses 3 times, receives
Collection fish skin；
(5) fish skin obtained in (4) step adds 0.1mol/L citric acid solution immersion 2h, every 1h and changes the most molten
Liquid, fish skin is 1g:8ml with the mass volume ratio of citric acid solution；After immersion, tap water rinses 3 times, collects fish skin；
(6) in (5) step to fish skin in add 0.05mol/L phosphoric acid dip 3h, every 1.5h changes a solution, fish
Skin is 1g:4ml with the mass volume ratio of phosphoric acid solution, after acid treatment, is washed to neutrality, collects fish skin；
(7) carry out the fish skin deionized water in (6) step at 45 DEG C extracting 10h, Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract addition
For the 2 ‰ of fish skin quality, fish skin is 1g:5ml with the mass volume ratio of deionized water；After being cooled to room temperature, centrifugal (1000g,
10min, 18 DEG C), collect supernatant；
(8) 2h at the gelatin solution obtained in (7) being placed in-80 DEG C, then carries out vacuum lyophilization 24h gelatin i.e.
Product.
The concrete character of the fishskin gelatin that the present embodiment prepares is shown in Table 1～6.
It is not added with H it addition, make2O2Gelatin product as a comparison case, i.e. except without step (4) process in addition to, other processes
The most identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 2
The method of preparation Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, comprises the following steps:
(1) take Oncorhynchi fish skin, squama need not be shaved, remove the impurity such as minced meat, silt, chopping, clean, standby；
(2) by clean fish skin volume fraction 0.5% liquid detergent aqueous solution soaking, soak time is 4h, and every 1h changes one
Secondary solution, Oncorhynchi fish skin is 1g:8ml with the mass volume ratio of liquid detergent aqueous solution, soaks and rinses 3 with tap water after terminating
Secondary, collect fish skin；
(3) fish skin obtained in (2) step add 0.08mol/L sodium hydroxide solution soak 4h, every 80min change the most molten
Liquid, fish skin is 1g:8ml with the mass volume ratio of sodium hydroxide solution, after alkali processes, is washed to neutrality, collects fish skin；
(4) it is that 1% hydrogenperoxide steam generator soaks that the fish skin obtained in (3) step adds volumetric concentration, and soak time is
2h, every 1h change solution, and fish skin is 1g:8ml with the mass volume ratio of hydrogenperoxide steam generator, and after immersion, tap water rinses 3 times, receives
Collection fish skin；
(5) fish skin obtained in (4) step adds 0.2mol/L citric acid solution immersion 2h, every 1h and changes the most molten
Liquid, fish skin is 1g:8ml with the mass volume ratio of citric acid solution；After immersion, tap water rinses 3 times, collects fish skin；
(6) in (5) step to fish skin in add 0.08mol/L phosphoric acid dip 3h, every 1.5h changes a solution, fish
Skin is 1g:8ml with the mass volume ratio of phosphoric acid solution, after acid treatment, is washed to neutrality, collects fish skin；
(7) carrying out the fish skin deionized water in (6) step at 55 DEG C extracting 10h, Herba Rosmarini Officinalis adds extract dosage
Being 3 ‰, fish skin is 1g:5ml with the mass volume ratio of deionized water；After being cooled to room temperature, centrifugal (1000g, 20min, 18 DEG C),
Collect supernatant；
(8) 2h at the gelatin solution obtained in (7) being placed in-80 DEG C, then carries out vacuum lyophilization 24h gelatin i.e.
Product.
The concrete character of the fishskin gelatin that the present embodiment prepares is shown in Table 1～6.
It is not added with H it addition, make2O2Gelatin product as a comparison case, i.e. except without step (4) process in addition to, other processes
The most identical with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 3
The method of preparation Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, comprises the following steps:
(1) take Oncorhynchi fish skin, squama need not be shaved, remove the impurity such as minced meat, silt, chopping, clean, standby；
(2) by clean fish skin volume fraction 2% liquid detergent aqueous solution soaking, soak time is 4h, and every 1h changes once
Solution, Oncorhynchi fish skin is 1g:10ml with the mass volume ratio of liquid detergent aqueous solution, soaks and rinses 3 times with tap water after terminating,
Collect fish skin；
(3) fish skin obtained in (2) step add 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution soak 3h, every 1h change a solution,
Fish skin is 1g:10ml with the mass volume ratio of sodium hydroxide solution, after alkali processes, is washed to neutrality, collects fish skin；
(4) it is that 1% hydrogenperoxide steam generator soaks that the fish skin obtained in (3) step adds volumetric concentration, and soak time is
2h, every 1h change solution, and fish skin is 1g:10ml with the mass volume ratio of hydrogenperoxide steam generator, and after immersion, tap water rinses 3 times, receives
Collection fish skin；
(5) fish skin obtained in (4) step adds 0.3mol/L citric acid solution immersion 2h, every 1h and changes the most molten
Liquid, fish skin is 1g:10ml with the mass volume ratio of citric acid solution；After immersion, tap water rinses 3 times, collects fish skin；
(6) in (5) step to fish skin in add 0.1mol/L phosphoric acid dip 3h, every 1.5h changes a solution, fish
Skin is 1g:10ml with the mass volume ratio of phosphoric acid solution, after acid treatment, is washed to neutrality, collects fish skin；
(7) carry out the fish skin deionized water in (6) step at 65 DEG C extracting 10h, Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract addition
Being 4 ‰, fish skin is 1g:5ml with the mass volume ratio of deionized water；After being cooled to room temperature, centrifugal (1000g, 10min, 18 DEG C),
Collect supernatant；
(8) 2h at the gelatin solution obtained in (7) being placed in-80 DEG C, then carries out vacuum lyophilization 24h gelatin i.e.
Product.
The concrete character of the fishskin gelatin that the present embodiment prepares is shown in Table 1～6.
It is not added with H it addition, make2O2Gelatin product as a comparison case, i.e. except without step (4) process in addition to, other processes
The most identical with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 4
The method of preparation Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, comprises the following steps:
(1) take Oncorhynchi fish skin, squama need not be shaved, remove the impurity such as minced meat, silt, chopping, clean, standby；
(2) by clean fish skin volume fraction 1% liquid detergent aqueous solution soaking, soak time is 4h, and every 1h changes once
Solution, Oncorhynchi fish skin is 1g:7ml with the mass volume ratio of liquid detergent aqueous solution, soaks and rinses 3 times with tap water after terminating,
Collect fish skin；
(3) fish skin obtained in (2) step add 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide solution soak 3h, every 1h change a solution,
Fish skin is 1g:7ml with the mass volume ratio of sodium hydroxide solution, after alkali processes, is washed to neutrality, collects fish skin；
(4) it is that 2% hydrogenperoxide steam generator soaks that the fish skin obtained in (3) step adds volumetric concentration, and soak time is
2h, every 1h change solution, and fish skin is 1g:7ml with the mass volume ratio of hydrogenperoxide steam generator, and after immersion, tap water rinses 3 times, receives
Collection fish skin；
(5) fish skin obtained in (4) step adds 0.5mol/L citric acid solution immersion 2h, every 1h and changes the most molten
Liquid, fish skin is 1g:15ml with the mass volume ratio of citric acid solution；After immersion, tap water rinses 3 times, collects fish skin；
(6) in (5) step to fish skin in add 0.05mol/L phosphoric acid dip 3h, every 1.5h changes a solution, fish
Skin is 1g:7ml with the mass volume ratio of phosphoric acid solution, after acid treatment, is washed to neutrality, collects fish skin；
(7) carry out the fish skin deionized water in (6) step at 75 DEG C extracting 10h, Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract addition
Being 5 ‰, fish skin is 1g:5ml with the mass volume ratio of deionized water；After being cooled to room temperature, centrifugal (1000g, 10min, 18 DEG C),
Collect supernatant；
(8) 2h at the gelatin solution obtained in (7) being placed in-80 DEG C, then carries out vacuum lyophilization 24h gelatin i.e.
Product.
It is not added with H it addition, make2O2Gelatin product as a comparison case, i.e. except without step (4) process in addition to, other processes
The most identical with embodiment 4.
The concrete character of the fishskin gelatin that the present embodiment prepares is shown in Table 1～6.
The concrete character of the fishskin gelatin that various embodiments of the present invention prepare is as shown in table 1～6；Wherein, table 1 is each embodiment
Fishskin gelatin extraction ratio, table 2 is the fishskin gelatin for preparing of each embodiment and the color of business gelatin compares, and table 3 is each enforcement
Fishskin gelatin and the gel strength of business gelatin that example prepares compare, table 4 be the prepared fishskin gelatin of each embodiment and business bright
The foaming characteristic of glue compares, and table 5 is the fishskin gelatin for preparing of each embodiment and the emulsibility of business gelatin compares, and table 6 is each enforcement
Fishskin gelatin and the volatile matter content of business gelatin that example prepares compare.
Table 1
From table 1 data it will be evident that the present invention interpolation of hydrogen peroxide significantly improve the extraction ratio of gelatin.
The present invention uses colour photometer to measure the prepared fishskin gelatin freeze-dried powder of each embodiment and the color of business gelatin, knot
Fruit is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
In gelatin product, the how many impact on gelatin of calcium content is mainly reflected on transparency, can affect the bright of gelatin
Degree, just can be seen that from the L* value that colour photometer measures.As shown in table 2 data, gelatin L* (black-and-white) value that the present invention is extracted
Higher than business gelatin, and a* (red-green), b* (yellow-blue) and △ E value are significantly lower than business gelatin, illustrate that the present invention extracts bright
Glue color is preferable, and side light decalcification effect is preferable.
The present invention use each embodiment of instrumental test prepare fishskin gelatin and the gel strength of business gelatin, mensuration side
Method is as follows:
The collagen protein of lyophilizing is dissolved in 60 DEG C of deionized waters, and making ultimate density is 6.67% (w/v)
Magnetic agitation is until collagen all dissolves, in 10 DEG C of refrigerators 16～18h, and plastic.The size of glue: diameter 3cm is high
2.5cm. its gel characteristic of instrumental test, Texture instrument condition: load 5kN, P/5 pops one's head in, and before test, speed is 5.00mm/s,
Test speed is 1.00mm/s, and after test, speed is 5.00mm/s, and probe gos deep into distance for 10mm.Each sample in triplicate,
Average.
Result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
Can be seen that the gelatin gel strength embodiment 1 and business gelatin are closer to from table 3 data.Business in the present invention
Industry gelatin is cattle hide gelatin, and in general, the gel strength of fishskin gelatin is far below mammal gelatin, and a lot of fishskin gelatins grind
Studying carefully the result that middle discovery is similar, this is the major reason that current fishskin gelatin can not replace mammal gelatin completely.
The gel strength of the extracted gelatin of the present invention gelatin gel strength and business gelatin compared with business gelatin closely, completely may be used
Substitute mammal gelatin to be applied in freezing and refrigeration product, it is achieved reasonably popularization and application.
The present invention, by fishskin gelatin lyophilizing prepared for each embodiment, redissolution, is i.e. calculated required by different concentration (g/ml)
The lyophilizing sample wanted, is then dissolved in 60 DEG C of water, magnetic agitation to being completely dissolved, obtain protein concentration be respectively 1,2,3g/ml
Gelatin solution.
Table 4 is the fishskin gelatin for preparing of each embodiment and the test result of foaminess of business gelatin；Concrete method of testing
As follows: with the collagen solution of lyophilizing sample preparation variable concentrations, to be transferred in 10ml test tube with a scale, room temperature, homogenate
1min, 13400rpm；Sample stands 0-30min；
FE (%)=(VT/V0) × 100
FS (%)=(Vt/V0) × 100
VT: cumulative volume after homogenate；V0: cumulative volume before homogenate；Vt: the cumulative volume of left at room temperature 30min.
Table 4
As can be seen from Table 4: in the present invention, the foaming characteristic in embodiment 4 is best, with business gelatin closely.This
The gelatin that invention is extracted application in this respect can substitute for business gelatin, i.e. mammal gelatin.
The present invention uses scene photometer measuring method to measure fishskin gelatin and the emulsibility of business gelatin that each embodiment prepares, tool
Body examination method for testing is as follows:
(1) with the collagen solution at least 3ml of lyophilizing sample preparation variable concentrations；
(2) by the collagen solution homogenate of 1ml Oleum Glycines with 3ml variable concentrations: 20000rpm, 1min；
(3) sucking-off latex after 0min and 10min after homogenate respectively, and dilute 100 times with 0.1%SDS, vortex mixes
10s；
(4) with the light absorption value under spectrophotometric measurement 500nm, blank is done with 0.1%SDS；
EAI(m2/ g)=(2 × 2.303 × A × DF)/L ∮ C
Light absorption value under A:500nm；DF: extension rate；L: cuvette path (0.01m) ∮: oil phase in emulsion
Ratio (0.25) oil volumetric fraction；C: protein concentration (g/m in aqueous phase3)
ESI (min)=A0/(A0-A10)×△t
△ t=10min；A0And A10Light absorption value under 500nm when being respectively 0min and 10min.
Result is as shown in table 5.
Table 5
As can be seen from Table 5: the gelatin emulsibility extracted in the present invention is all fine, in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2
Gelatin is apparently higher than business gelatin, and the gelatin in embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 is close with business gelatin.
The present invention detects, by GC-MS, fishskin gelatin and the volatile material of matched group fishskin gelatin that each embodiment prepares
Content, result is as shown in table 6.Wherein, matched group fishskin gelatin is to be not added with the fishskin gelatin that Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract prepares, and specifically makes
Standby step is same as in Example 1.
Table 6
Note: ND represents and does not detects.
From table 6 data this it appears that: the present invention extract gelatin, volatile matter content substantially reduces, and fishy smell has
Improved.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, according to technical scheme and
Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of one kind low fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1, pretreatment of raw material: take Oncorhynchi fish skin, clean, standby；
S2, addition liquid detergent aqueous solution, 18～25 DEG C of immersions 3～5h in the standby fish skin that step S1 obtains, rinse, collect fish
Skin, is defat fish skin；
Described standby fish skin is 1g:5～15ml with the mass volume ratio of described liquid detergent aqueous solution；
S3, the defat fish skin obtained in step S2 add sodium hydroxide solution, and 18～25 DEG C are soaked 3～8h, are washed to pH value
It is 7～9, collects fish skin, obtain alkali and process fish skin；
Described concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 0.01～0.1mol/L, described defat fish skin and the quality of described sodium hydroxide solution
Volume ratio is 1g:3～15ml；
S4, addition aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, 18～25 DEG C of immersions 1～4h in the alkali process fish skin that step S3 prepares, collect fish
Skin, obtains the fish skin that decolours；
Described aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution volumetric concentration is 0.5～2%, and described alkali processes fish skin and described aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution
Mass volume ratio is 1g:3～15ml；
S5, addition citric acid solution, 18～25 DEG C of immersions 1～3h in the decolouring fish skin that step S4 prepares, wash with water 3 times, receive
Collection fish skin, obtains decalcification fish skin；
The concentration of described citric acid solution is 0.1～0.8mol/L, described decolouring fish skin and the mass body of described citric acid solution
Long-pending ratio is 1g:8～25ml；
S6, to step S5 prepare decalcification fish skin in add phosphoric acid solution, 18～25 DEG C soak 2～5h, be washed to pH value be 6～
7, collect fish skin, obtain acid treatment fish skin；
The concentration of described phosphoric acid solution is 0.05～0.1mol/L, described decalcification fish skin and the mass volume ratio of described phosphoric acid solution
For 1g:4ml～10ml；
S7, to step S6 prepare acid treatment fish skin in add Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract, under 40～80 DEG C of environment, add flooding 8
～18h, after being cooled to 18～25 DEG C, centrifugal collection supernatant, it is gelatin solution；
Described acid treatment fish skin is 1g:2～12ml with the mass volume ratio of addition water；Described fish skin and described Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract
Mass ratio be 1g:0.0005～0.005g；
S8, the gelatin solution lyophilization 24～36h step S7 prepared, obtain low fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin.
The preparation method of the lowest fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, it is characterised in that described in step S2
Standby fish skin is 1g:5～8ml with the mass volume ratio of described liquid detergent aqueous solution；
Defat fish skin described in step S3 is 1g:5～8ml with the mass volume ratio of described sodium hydroxide solution；
It is 1g:5～8ml that alkali described in step S4 processes the mass volume ratio of fish skin and described aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution；
Described in step S5, decolouring fish skin is 1g:8ml with the mass volume ratio of described citric acid solution；
Decalcification fish skin described in step S6 is 1g:4～8ml with the mass volume ratio of described phosphoric acid solution；
Acid treatment fish skin described in step S7 is 1g:5ml with the mass volume ratio of addition water；Described fish skin extracts with described Herba Rosmarini Officinalis
The mass ratio of thing is 1g:0.002～0.003g.
The preparation method of the lowest fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, it is characterised in that step S2, step
Immersion process described in rapid S3, step S4, step S5, step S6 changes a soaking solution in every 60～80 minutes.
The preparation method of the lowest fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, it is characterised in that described in step S7
Centrifugal condition is: centrifugal force 4000～10000g, ambient temperature 18～25 DEG C, centrifugation time 10～30min.
The preparation method of the lowest fishlike smell Oncorhynchi fishskin gelatin, it is characterised in that described in step S7
Cryodesiccated mode is: vacuum lyophilization, before being dried, the gelatin solution that step S7 prepares is placed in-80 DEG C of pre-freezes 2～4h.
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| CN107142293A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-09-08 | 大连工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the tilapia skin gelatin peptide with antioxidation activity |
| CN107581461A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-16 | 渤海大学 | A kind of preparation method of high whiteness Peru squid skin gelatin |
| CN108410367A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of preparation method of Japanese croaker fishskin gelatin |
| CN111264676A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-12 | 江西师范大学 | Fish gelatin and preparation method thereof, and fish jelly and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105755078A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-07-13 | 山东国际生物科技园发展有限公司 | Preparation method and application of medical grade fish skin collagens |
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| CN105755078A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-07-13 | 山东国际生物科技园发展有限公司 | Preparation method and application of medical grade fish skin collagens |
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| CN107142293A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-09-08 | 大连工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the tilapia skin gelatin peptide with antioxidation activity |
| CN107581461A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-16 | 渤海大学 | A kind of preparation method of high whiteness Peru squid skin gelatin |
| CN107581461B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-11-10 | 渤海大学 | Preparation method of high-whiteness Peru squid skin gelatin |
| CN108410367A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of preparation method of Japanese croaker fishskin gelatin |
| CN111264676A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-12 | 江西师范大学 | Fish gelatin and preparation method thereof, and fish jelly and preparation method thereof |
| CN111387474A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-10 | 江西师范大学 | High-quality fish gelatin and gilliding powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN111803434A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-23 | 烟台鲟臻生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of sturgeon caviar extract |
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