CN106276293A - A kind of ceramic tile device for pilling and ceramic tile stack palletizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A tile stacking device and a tile stacking and stacking device belong to the technical field of tile production equipment. It is characterized in that it includes a tile conveying mechanism, a tile lifting mechanism and a tile clamping mechanism installed on the brick stacking frame, the tile lifting mechanism is slidably installed on the stacking brick frame, and the sliding direction is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the tile conveying mechanism, There is a stacking guide mechanism between the tile lifting mechanism and the stacking brick frame. The tile lifting mechanism and the tile clamping mechanism are installed on the tile conveying mechanism. The tile lifting mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tile lifting mechanism. The tile clamping mechanism is set Above the tile lifting mechanism. The tile stacking device can adjust the spacing of the tile conveying mechanism to ensure that the tile conveying mechanism can adapt to the transportation of tiles of different sizes. The tile stacking device of the tile stacking and stacking device can stack tiles and can adapt to different sizes The stacking and palletizing of ceramic tiles.

Description

A tile stacking device and a tile stacking and palletizing device

technical field

A tile stacking device and a tile stacking and stacking device belong to the technical field of tile production equipment.

Background technique

During the palletizing process of ceramic tiles, in order to improve the efficiency of tile palletizing, the manipulator usually grabs multiple packed tiles at a time, which can not only improve the grasping efficiency of the manipulator, but also ensure that the manipulator will not cause damage to the tile production line. hinder. In order for the manipulator to grab multiple packaged tiles at one time, it is usually necessary to use a brick stacking device. The brick stacking device stacks the tiles on the tile production line. When the stack reaches the set number, it is delivered to the manipulator. And rely on the manipulator to palletize the stacked tiles. The brick supporting device mainly includes a tile lifting mechanism, a tile clamping mechanism and a conveying mechanism that promote the lifting of tiles. The tile lifting mechanism drives the tiles to rise and fall, and cooperates with the tile clamping mechanism to stack the tiles. When the number of tiles is large, the tile clamping mechanism places the tiles on the tile lifting mechanism, and the tile lifting mechanism drives the tiles down, and places them on the conveyor belt of the next station, and transports them to the manipulator, so that the manipulator can grab multiple tiles at a time . However, the existing tile stacking device has the following problems in use: due to the size of the tiles, the existing tile clamping device cannot meet the tiles of different sizes, so it cannot meet the production requirements of different tiles, and manufacturers need to be equipped with different tiles. Only the best model of brick stacking device can meet the production needs, which greatly increases the cost of ceramic tile production and price increase, and when changing the tile model, it is necessary to replace the equipment and debug, which greatly affects the production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a tile stacking device and a tile stacking and stacking device capable of adjusting the distance between tile conveying mechanisms so as to adapt to tiles of different sizes.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the tile stacking device, which is characterized in that: it includes a tile conveying mechanism, a tile lifting mechanism and a tile clamping mechanism installed on the tile stacking frame, and the tile lifting mechanism is slidably installed On the brick stacking frame, and the sliding direction is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the tile conveying mechanism, there is a stacking brick guiding mechanism between the tile lifting mechanism and the stacking brick frame, and the tile lifting mechanism and the tile clamping mechanism are installed on the tile conveying mechanism Above, the tile lifting mechanism is arranged symmetrically on both sides of the tile lifting mechanism, and the tile clamping mechanism is arranged above the tile lifting mechanism.

Preferably, the brick stacking guide mechanism includes adjustable support legs and spacing adjustment guide rails, there are multiple adjustment support legs, symmetrically arranged on both sides below the tile conveying mechanism, the spacing adjustment guide rails are horizontally arranged under the adjustment support legs, and the spacing The axis of the adjustment guide rail is perpendicular to the direction of the tile conveying mechanism, and the bottom of the adjustment support leg is provided with a track wheel matched with the spacing adjustment guide rail.

Preferably, there are two tile lifting mechanisms.

Preferably, the tile lifting mechanism includes a lifting motor and a brick-holding finger, the lifting motor is arranged on one side of the tile conveying mechanism, the lifting motor is connected with the brick-holding finger through a gear transmission mechanism, and drives the brick-holding finger to lift.

Preferably, the gear transmission mechanism includes a lifting rack and a gear matched with the lifting rack, the gear is installed on the output shaft of the lifting motor, the lifting rack is slidably installed on the tile conveying mechanism, and the lifting rack is vertically arranged , The brick-supporting finger is installed on the lifting rack.

Preferably, the tile clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder and a brick stacking splint. There are two clamping cylinders, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tile conveying mechanism. The brick stacking splint is installed on the piston rod of the clamping cylinder, and the two sides The clamping cylinder pushes the brick stacking splint to move horizontally, so as to clamp or loosen the tiles.

Preferably, a brick stacking swing arm is provided between the brick stacking splint and the tile conveying mechanism, one end of the brick stacking swing arm is rotatably mounted on the tile conveying mechanism, and the other end is rotatably connected to the brick stacking splint.

Preferably, a tile stacking detection unit for detecting tiles is detachably installed on the tile conveying mechanism, and the tile stacking detection unit is arranged above the tile clamping mechanism.

A tile stacking and palletizing device, characterized in that it includes a manipulator, a tile turning device and the above-mentioned tile stacking device, the manipulator includes a frame, a walking mechanism, a w-axis rotating mechanism and a grabbing mechanism, and the walking mechanism is installed on the frame , and can move along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively, the w-axis rotation mechanism is installed on the walking mechanism, the grabbing mechanism is installed on the w-axis rotation mechanism, the tile stacking device is set on one side of the manipulator, and the tiles are turned over The device is arranged between the tile stacking device and the manipulator, and turns over the tiles stacked by the tile stacking device, so as to facilitate the grabbing of the manipulator.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:

1. The tile conveying mechanism of this tile stacking device is slidably installed on the brick stacking frame, so that the distance between the tile conveying mechanism can be adjusted to ensure that the tile conveying mechanism can adapt to the transportation of tiles of different sizes. When producing tiles of different sizes, The distance between the tile conveying mechanism can be directly adjusted, and the adjustment is convenient, which can not only reduce the cost of the tile manufacturer, but also improve the debugging efficiency of the equipment, and is convenient to use.

2. The movement of the tile conveying mechanism is guided by the cooperation of the track wheel and the spacing adjustment track, so as to ensure that the tile conveying mechanism can always be kept parallel during adjustment, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the tile conveying mechanism.

3. The tile lifting mechanism realizes the lifting of the tiles through the motor to drive the fingers to ensure that the tiles can be lifted and lowered stably and avoid vibration during the lifting process. The lifting speed is moderate.

4. The gear transmission mechanism includes gears and lifting racks. The brick supporting gear is installed on the lifting racks. The lifting motor drives the lifting racks to lift synchronously through the gears, so as to realize the lifting of tiles. The lifting racks and gears can carry larger loads. The weight can also adjust the speed of the lifting rack.

5. The brick support cylinder pushes the brick support splint to clamp both sides of the tiles, so as to realize the brick support. The brick support cylinder is sensitive and can quickly clamp and loosen the tiles.

6. The brick support splint is installed on the tile conveying mechanism through the brick stacking swing arm, and the brick support splint swings under the action of the brick support cylinder to clamp the tiles.

7. The brick stacking detection unit can detect the number of tiles on the tile clamping mechanism. Since the brick stacking detection unit is detachably installed, it is convenient to adjust the number of tiles on the tile clamping mechanism.

8. The tile stacking device of this tile stacking and palletizing device can stack the tiles, and after stacking to a specified number, it is sent to the tile turning device. The tile turning device can drive the tiles to turn over, so as to facilitate the grabbing mechanism from different angles. Grab the tiles, so that the tiles can be stacked vertically and horizontally. The stacking method is flexible, which better meets the needs of the production site or loading.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a tile stacking device.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the manipulator.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of the running mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the y-axis traveling mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the y-axis traveling mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic front view of the synchronous shaft.

Fig. 7 is a schematic front view of the x-axis traveling mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a schematic front view of the z-axis traveling mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a z-axis power mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 9 .

Fig. 11 is a schematic front view of the w-axis rotation mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the B-B direction of FIG. 11 .

Fig. 13 is a schematic front view of the grabbing mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a schematic top view of the grabbing mechanism.

Fig. 15 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the grab driving mechanism.

Fig. 16 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a tile turning device.

In the figure: 1. Rack 2, y-axis traveling mechanism 3, x-axis traveling mechanism 4, z-axis traveling mechanism 5, tile library 6, w-axis rotating mechanism 7, grabbing mechanism 8, pallet library 9, adjustable rubber coating Wheel 10, guide wheel 11, active rubber-coated wheel 12, wrap angle adjustment pulley 13, wrap angle adjustment timing belt pulley 14, y-axis timing belt tensioner 15, y-axis tensioner swing arm 16, y-axis timing belt 17. Synchronous shaft 18, y-axis motor 19, x-axis motor 20, walking installation frame 21, x-axis synchronous belt 22, x-axis beam 23, z-axis column 24, guide shaft 25, z-axis synchronous belt tensioner 26, Guide sleeve 27, balance cylinder 28, z-axis timing belt 29, z-axis motor 30, z-axis sprocket 31, w-axis motor 32, photoelectric switch mounting plate 33, buffer detection photoelectric switch 34, rotation detection photoelectric switch 35, rotation installation Frame 36, limit baffle 37, buffer sleeve 38, limit sleeve 39, w-axis column 40, bearing sleeve 41, w-axis chain 42, pallet clamping guide plate 43, finger mounting plate 44, splint limit photoelectric switch 45. Grabbing mechanism main body 46, finger guide bearing 47, pallet grabbing finger 48, tile splint 49, splint mounting plate 50, splint opening and closing cylinder 51, pallet grabbing cylinder 52, splint opening and closing gear 53, splint opening and closing Coupling rack 54, tile sensor 55, pallet grabbing gear 56, pallet grabbing rack 57, overturning frame 58, overturning platform 59, baffle 60, baffle mounting frame 61, overturning platform limiting plate 62 , connecting rod 63, overturning motor 64, crank 65, spacing adjustment guide rail 66, adjustment support leg 67, conveying motor 68, stacking brick splint 69, brick supporting finger 70, clamping cylinder 71, lifting motor 72, fixed support leg.

detailed description

Fig. 1～16 is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1～16 the present invention is described further.

A tile stacking device, comprising a tile conveying mechanism installed on a brick stacking frame, a tile lifting mechanism and a tile clamping mechanism, the tile lifting mechanism is slidably installed on the stacking brick frame, and the sliding direction is the same as that of the tile conveying mechanism. The direction is vertical. There is a brick stacking guide mechanism between the tile lifting mechanism and the stacking brick frame. The tile lifting mechanism and the tile clamping mechanism are installed on the tile conveying mechanism. The tightening mechanism is arranged above the tile lifting mechanism. The tile conveying mechanism of the tile stacking device is slidably installed on the brick stacking frame, so that the distance between the tile conveying mechanism can be adjusted to ensure that the tile conveying mechanism can adapt to the conveying of tiles of different sizes. When producing tiles of different sizes, it can directly The distance between the tile conveying mechanism is adjusted, and the adjustment is convenient, which can not only reduce the cost of the tile manufacturer, but also improve the debugging efficiency of the equipment, and is convenient to use.

Specifically: as shown in Figure 1: the tile conveying mechanism includes conveying mechanism mounting racks on both sides, and the conveying chain installed on the conveying mechanism mounting racks on both sides, and the conveying mechanism mounting frame is equipped with a sprocket that matches the conveying chain , each conveying mechanism mounting bracket is equipped with a conveying motor 72, the output shaft of the conveying motor 72 is connected with the sprocket, and drives the sprocket to rotate, and then drives the conveying chain to rotate, thereby realizing the conveying of tiles.

The lower rear end of each conveying mechanism mounting frame is provided with a fixed support leg 72, and the fixed supporting leg 72 is installed on the rear side of the conveying mechanism mounting frame, and the axis of the fixed supporting leg 72 is vertically arranged. The stacking guide mechanism includes adjustable support legs 66 and spacing adjustment guide rails 65, the spacing adjustment guide rails 65 are horizontally arranged, and the axis of the spacing adjustment guide rails 65 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the tile conveying mechanism. Movable support leg 66 is arranged on the front end below of conveying mechanism installation frame, and movable support leg 66 is vertically arranged, and the lower end of movable support leg 66 is provided with orbital wheel, and orbital wheel cooperates with spacing adjustment guide rail 65, thereby conveying mechanism mounting frame is carried out. guide.

There are two ceramic tile lifting mechanisms, and the two ceramic tile lifting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the two conveying mechanism mounting frames. The ceramic tile lifting mechanism includes a lifting motor 71 and a brick supporting finger 69. A gear transmission mechanism is provided between the motor 71 and the brick holder finger 69 . The gear transmission mechanism includes a lifting rack and a gear, and a speed reducer is also arranged on the conveying mechanism mounting frame. The output shaft of the lifting motor 71 is connected with the input shaft of the speed reducer. On the outside of the fixed support leg 72, the brick supporting finger 69 is installed on the upper end of the elevating rack, and rises and falls synchronously with the elevating rack.

The ceramic tile clamping mechanism comprises clamping cylinder 70 and stacking brick splint 68, puts on every conveying mechanism mounting frame and is evenly provided with two clamping cylinder mounting plates at intervals, and clamping cylinder mounting plate is vertically arranged. Clamping cylinder 70 is installed in the middle part of two clamping cylinder mounting plates, and stacking brick splint 68 is installed on the piston rod of clamping cylinder 70. The bottom of each brick stacking splint 68 is provided with two stacking brick swing arms, the upper end of the stacking brick swing arm is rotationally connected with the brick stacking splint 68, the lower end of the brick stacking swing arm is rotationally connected with the mounting frame of the conveying mechanism, and the clamping cylinder 70 pushes Stacking brick splint 68 swings, thereby realizes the clamping and unclamping of ceramic tile.

There is a vertical long hole on the mounting plate of each cylinder. The brick stacking detection unit is detachably installed on the cylinder mounting plate. The brick stacking detection unit is a photoelectric switch for brick stacking detection. In the long hole of the board, it is convenient to adjust the position of the photoelectric switch for brick stacking detection, and then adjust the number of bricks stacked each time.

The working process of the tile stacking device is as follows: first, the tile conveying mechanism transports the tiles to the top of the tile conveying mechanism, and the tile conveying mechanism pushes the tiles up, and when they rise to between the tile clamping mechanisms, the tile clamping mechanism acts to clamp the tiles , and then the tile lifting mechanism descends, and continues to push the transported tiles up. After rising, the tile clamping mechanism releases and clamps both sides of the lower and lower tiles, thereby realizing the stacking of tiles. When the tiles are detected by the brick stacking detection photoelectric switch, all the tiles are driven by the tile lifting mechanism and dropped onto the conveyor belt to be transported to the next station.

As shown in Figure 2: a stacking and stacking device for tiles, including a manipulator and the above-mentioned tile turning device, the tile turning device is arranged on one side of the manipulator, and the manipulator includes a frame 1, a walking mechanism, a w-axis rotating mechanism 6 and a gripper The fetching mechanism 7, the traveling mechanism is installed on the frame 1, and can move along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively, the w-axis rotating mechanism 6 is installed on the traveling mechanism, and the grabbing mechanism 7 is installed on the w-axis rotating mechanism 6 , The tile stacking device is arranged on one side of the manipulator, and the tile turning device is arranged between the tile stacking device and the manipulator, and turns over the tiles stacked by the tile stacking device, so as to facilitate the grabbing of the manipulator. The grabbing mechanism 7 includes a grabbing mechanism main body 45 and a pallet grabbing mechanism and a tile grabbing mechanism installed on the grabbing mechanism main body 45. The grabbing mechanism 7 is installed on the w-axis rotating mechanism 6, and the grabbing mechanism 7 is added. The degree of freedom makes the grasping mechanism 7 more flexible, so that the manipulator can also change the posture of the tiles while moving the tiles, so that the tiles can be stacked according to needs, which is convenient to use; the tile grasping mechanism and the pallet grasping The picking mechanism can grab pallets and tiles separately, which is easy to use, and when stacking tiles, it does not need to manually place the pallets, the pallets are placed with high accuracy, and the pallet grabbing mechanism and the tile grabbing mechanism can be independent work, and will not affect each other, improve the types of items grabbed by the grabbing mechanism 7, improve the degree of automation of the manipulator, and are easy to use.

The bottom of frame 1 is fixed on the ground, thereby the work of this manipulator is more stable, can not shake during work.

The upper part of the frame 1 is a rectangular frame, and the lower part is a supporting foot arranged vertically. The traveling mechanism is installed on the upper frame of the frame 1, and drives the grasping mechanism 7 to travel linearly along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively.

The walking of the traveling mechanism along the vertical direction is defined as walking along the z-axis, the walking of the traveling mechanism along the width direction of the frame 1 is defined as the walking along the x-axis direction, and the walking of the traveling mechanism along the length direction of the frame 1 is defined as the walking along the y-axis direction. For walking, define the rotation around the z-axis as the motion in the direction of the w-axis.

The bottom of the frame 1 is provided with a pallet warehouse 8 and a tile warehouse 5 for placing pallets, the pallet warehouse 8 is used for placing pallets, and the tile warehouse 5 places tiles, that is, the manipulator transfers the tiles into the tile warehouse 5 and performs Palletizing. The pallet is a wooden board placed at the bottom when stacking tiles. On the one hand, the pallet can protect the tiles at the bottom, and on the other hand, it is convenient to transfer the stacked tiles. Pallet warehouse 8 is arranged on the middle part of frame 1, and there are two tile warehouses 5, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of pallet warehouse 8, and the distance between pallet warehouse 8 and two tile warehouses 5 is equal, so that the pallet warehouse can be guaranteed The pallets in 8 are moved to the equal distance of each tile storehouse 5, which is convenient for placing pallets.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the traveling mechanism includes a y-axis traveling mechanism 2 , an x-axis traveling mechanism 3 and a z-axis traveling mechanism 4 . The y-axis traveling mechanism 2 is installed on the frame 1 , the x-axis traveling mechanism 3 is installed on the y-axis traveling mechanism 2 , and the z-axis traveling mechanism 4 is installed on the x-axis traveling mechanism 3 . The w-axis rotating mechanism 6 is fixedly connected with the z-axis traveling mechanism 4, and the grasping mechanism 7 is installed on the w-axis rotating mechanism 6, so that the grasping mechanism 7 is flexible, and the attitude of the transfer tiles can be changed during the transfer process, thereby meeting various requirements. form of palletizing.

The y-axis traveling mechanism 2 includes a suspension mechanism, and there are two suspension mechanisms, which are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the x-axis traveling mechanism 3, and the x-axis traveling mechanism 3 is installed on the frame 1 by the suspension mechanisms at the left and right ends. The suspension mechanisms at both ends drive the x-axis traveling mechanism 3 to move synchronously, which avoids the problem that the speed of the y-axis traveling mechanism 2 is unstable during the walking process due to the length of the frame 1 being too long. The y-axis power mechanism is connected with the two suspension mechanisms and drives the suspension mechanisms to move along the y-axis.

As shown in FIG. 4 : the suspension mechanism includes a y-axis beam and a y-axis guide mechanism arranged on the y-axis beam. Frame guide rails are installed above the square steel on both sides of the frame 1, and the y-axis guide mechanism is connected with the frame guide rails on both sides of the frame 1, and guides the movement of the suspension mechanism so that the suspension mechanism moves along a straight line. The x-axis traveling mechanism 3 is fixedly connected with the y-axis beam.

The y-axis guide mechanism includes a horizontal guide mechanism and a vertical guide mechanism. The horizontal guide mechanism guides the movement of the y-axis beam in the horizontal direction, and the vertical guide mechanism guides the movement of the y-axis beam in the vertical direction.

Both ends of the y-axis beam are symmetrically provided with active rubberized wheels 11, and the y-axis power mechanism drives the active rubberized wheels 11 to rotate. Both active rubberized wheels 11 are coaxially equipped with synchronous pulleys. The active rubberized wheels 11 rotate synchronously with the synchronous pulleys. Rely on the gravity of the y-axis crossbeam to press on the top of the frame 1.

The active rubberized wheel 11 is integrally arranged with the synchronous pulley. The side of the synchronous pulley away from the driving rubber-covered wheel 11 is fixed with a circular catch by bolts, and the diameter of the circular catch is greater than the diameter of the synchronous pulley. The outer edge of the circular block near the side of the synchronous pulley is a blocking portion, and the side of the driving rubber wheel 11 near the synchronous pulley is also provided with a blocking portion symmetrical to the circular blocking, both of which are outside the middle. Convex arc, and the distance between the two blocking parts gradually increases from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the synchronous pulley, so as to avoid the y-axis synchronous belt 16 and the synchronous belt due to the non-parallel axis of the synchronous pulley at both ends. Wheel separation makes the y-axis synchronous belt 16 work smoothly, reduces the influence of assembly errors on the y-axis synchronous belt 16, and does not affect the accuracy and stability of the work.

A y-axis synchronous belt tensioning mechanism is provided above the y-axis synchronous belt 16, which can adjust the tension of the y-axis synchronous belt 16, so that the y-axis synchronous belt 16 can keep in good condition with the synchronous pulley The meshing, thus ensuring the walking accuracy of the y-axis.

The y-axis timing belt tensioning mechanism includes a y-axis timing belt tensioning wheel 14 and a y-axis tensioning wheel swing arm 15 . The y-axis tensioning wheel swing arm 15 is arranged above the y-axis synchronous belt 16, and the middle part of the y-axis tensioning wheel swing arm 15 is hinged on the y-axis beam, so that the y-axis tensioning wheel swing arm 15 forms a lever mechanism, and the y-axis One end of the tensioning wheel swing arm 15 is rotated to install the y-axis synchronous belt tensioner 14, and the other end is detachably fixed on the y-axis beam through bolts, and the y-axis synchronous belt tensioner 14 is pressed against the y-axis synchronous belt 16, A plurality of spring pads are set on the bolts. After the y-axis timing belt 16 is installed, the y-axis timing belt 16 is tensioned by the bolts. Adjustment does not require frequent tensioning of the y-axis synchronous belt 16, and can avoid the impact load caused by the slack of the y-axis synchronous belt 16, thereby reducing the service life of the y-axis synchronous belt 16, thereby improving the y-axis synchronous belt 16 service life and work stability. The y-axis timing belt tensioner 14 is a pulley, and the y-axis tensioner swing arm 15 drives the y-axis timing belt tensioner 14 to swing synchronously, and compresses the y-axis timing belt 16 . After the y-axis timing belt tensioning wheel 14 presses the y-axis timing belt 16, the y-axis tensioning wheel swing arm 15 is fixed by the bolt in the middle of the y-axis tensioning wheel swing arm 15 .

The left side of the y-axis synchronous belt tensioner 14 is sequentially provided with a wrap angle adjustment pulley 12 and a wrap angle adjustment synchronous pulley 13 from left to right, and the wrap angle adjustment pulley 12 and the wrap angle adjustment synchronous pulley 13 are all rotated and installed on the y-axis beam. The axes of wrap angle adjustment pulley 12 and wrap angle adjustment synchronous pulley 13 are parallel to the axis of y-axis synchronous belt tensioner 14 . Wrap angle adjustment synchronous pulley 13 is arranged above the y-axis timing belt 16, and wrap angle adjustment pulley 12 is arranged between the y-axis timing belts 16 on the upper and lower sides, so that the upper side of the y-axis timing belt 16 becomes a wave shape , thereby increasing the wrap angle between the synchronous belt and the synchronous pulleys at both ends, increasing the bearing capacity of the synchronous belt wheel and the y-axis synchronous belt 16 meshing, and also ensuring the stability of the transmission.

The vertical guide mechanism includes an adjustable rubberized wheel 9 arranged below the y-axis crossbeam. There are two adjustable rubberized wheels 9, which are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the y-axis crossbeam. The adjustable rubberized wheel 9 is installed under the active rubberized wheel 11 through the rotating shaft, and a bolt that promotes the adjustable rubberized wheel 9 to go up and down is provided under the rotating shaft of the adjustable rubberized wheel 9, and the bolt is installed on the y-axis beam through threads, and Promote the adjustable rubber-coated wheel 9 to lift, thereby realizing the adjustment of the vertical direction of the adjustable rubber-coated wheel 9. The adjustable rubberized wheels 9 and the active rubberized wheels 11 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the frame guide rails, and clamp the frame guide rails so as to guide the y-axis beam in the vertical direction.

As shown in Figure 5: there are two horizontal guide mechanisms, which are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the y-axis beam. The horizontal guide mechanism includes guide wheels 10 arranged on both sides of the y-axis crossbeam. The axis of the guide wheels 10 is perpendicular to the axis of the adjustable rubberized wheel 9 and is rotatably mounted on the y-axis crossbeam. The two guide wheels 10 at the same end of the y-axis beam are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the rack guide rail, and clamp the rack guide rail so as to guide the y-axis beam in the horizontal direction. The vertical guiding mechanism cooperates with the horizontal guiding mechanism to ensure that the y-axis beam can move along a straight line, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the movement of the grasping mechanism 7 .

As shown in FIG. 6 : the y-axis power mechanism includes a synchronous shaft 17 and a y-axis motor 18 . The synchronous shaft 17 is arranged between the two suspension mechanisms, and the length of the synchronous shaft 17 is equal to the width of the frame 1 along the x-axis. Synchronous shaft 17 is connected with y-axis motor 18, and y-axis motor 18 is arranged on the left end of synchronous shaft 17, and the output shaft of y-axis motor 18 is connected with the installation part of synchronous shaft 17, and drives synchronous shaft 17 to rotate by gear transmission. The transmission parts at both ends of the synchronous shaft 17 are also fixedly connected to the synchronous pulleys at the corresponding positions on the two y-axis beams through tension sleeves. The synchronous shaft 17 can ensure that the rotational speeds of the active rubberized wheels 11 at both ends are equal, thereby ensuring the x-axis The two ends of the traveling mechanism 3 advance synchronously, and no inclination can take place.

The synchronous shaft 17 comprises the steel pipe in the middle part and the shaft head at two ends, and one end of the shaft head stretches into the steel pipe and is welded with the steel pipe, and the other end coaxially installs the active rubberized wheel 11. An encoder is installed at one end of the synchronous shaft 17, and the encoder rotates synchronously with the synchronous shaft 17, and feeds the speed signal to the frequency converter, which is convenient for controlling the walking speed of the y-axis traveling mechanism 2, and can also detect the angle at which the synchronous shaft 17 turns , so as to detect the distance traveled along the y-axis direction.

The front and rear ends of the frame 1 are provided with limit blocks for limiting the y-axis beam, so as to prevent the y-axis beam from falling during the movement.

, as shown in FIG. 7 : the x-axis traveling mechanism 3 includes an x-axis synchronous belt 21 and an x-axis power unit. The x-axis power unit is installed on the x-axis beam 22, the length of the x-axis beam 22 is equal to the length of the synchronous shaft 17, and the two ends of the x-axis beam 22 are respectively fixedly connected with the middle part of the y-axis beam, and move synchronously with the y-axis beam. The x-axis power unit is an x-axis motor 19, and the x-axis motor 19 is fixed on the left end of the x-axis beam 22. The output shaft of the x-axis motor 19 is equipped with a timing belt pulley, and the other end of the x-axis beam 22 is also equipped with a timing belt. wheel. The x-axis beam 22 is slidably installed with a walking mounting frame 20, and an x-axis guide mechanism is arranged between the walking mounting frame 20 and the x-axis beam 22. The x-axis guiding mechanism can make the walking mounting frame 20 move along a straight line, thus ensuring the grasping Stability of mechanism 7 movement. Both ends of the x-axis synchronous belt 21 bypass the synchronous pulleys at the two ends of the x-axis beam 22 and are fixedly connected with the walking installation frame 20, and drive the walking installation frame 20 to move synchronously with the x-axis synchronous belt 21. The z-axis traveling mechanism 4 is installed on the traveling mounting frame 20 and moves synchronously with the traveling mounting frame 20 .

An x-axis adjusting bolt for adjusting the tension of the x-axis synchronous belt 21 is also provided on the walking mounting frame 20 . One end of the x-axis adjusting bolt is connected with one end of the x-axis synchronous belt 21, and the x-axis adjusting bolt is fixed on the walking installation frame 20 through a nut.

The output shaft of the x-axis motor 19 faces down and is installed on the top of the x-axis crossbeam 22. An axis adjustment mechanism for adjusting the axis of the synchronous pulley is also provided above the x-axis crossbeam 22. The axis adjustment mechanism is arranged on both sides of the x-axis crossbeam. side bolt, the lower end of the bolt pushes the synchronous pulley mounting seat to move up and down, thereby adjusting the angle between the axis of the synchronous pulley and the vertical plane, so that a push x-axis synchronous belt can be generated between the synchronous pulley and the x-axis synchronous belt 21 The thrust of the upward movement of 21 is used to counteract the gravity of the x-axis synchronous belt 21, thereby preventing the x-axis synchronous belt 21 from detaching from the synchronous pulley under the action of gravity.

The walking mounting frame 20 is made of steel plates connected by bolts. The side of the walking mounting frame 20 close to the x-axis beam 22 is a cuboid box with two ends open. The walking mounting frame 20 is sleeved on the outside of the x-axis beam 22. The z-axis Traveling mechanism 4 is installed on one side of walking mounting frame 20 . The upper part of the steel plate on the upper side of the walking installation frame 20 and the lower part of the lower side of the steel plate are all provided with reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs are tapered from one side near the z-axis traveling mechanism 4 to the other side, thereby ensuring walking installation. The strength of the frame 20 can avoid the damage caused to the walking mounting frame 20 by the load on one side.

There are two x-axis guide mechanisms, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the x-axis beam 22, and the upper x-axis guide mechanism is arranged on the side away from the z-axis traveling mechanism 4, and the lower x-axis guide mechanism is arranged on the side near the z axis. One side of the axis traveling mechanism 4, so that the unilateral load received by the traveling mounting frame 20 can be offset, ensuring the stability and precision of the traveling mounting frame 20.

The x-axis guide mechanism includes a slider on the traveling mounting frame 20 and a slide rail arranged on the x-axis beam 22 . The slide block cooperates with the slide rail to guide the movement of the walking installation frame 20 . The slide rail can be trapezoidal or "T"-shaped slide rail, and the slide block is provided with a dovetail groove or "T"-shaped slide groove matched with the slide rail.

An encoder is coaxially installed on the synchronous pulley at one end away from the x-axis motor 19, and the encoder can feed back the speed signal of the x-axis motor 19 to the frequency converter, thereby controlling the speed of the x-axis motor 19 through the frequency converter, and then controlling The traveling speed of the x-axis traveling mechanism 3 can also detect the angle at which the x-axis motor 19 turns, thereby detecting the traveling distance along the x-axis direction.

The two ends of the x-axis beam 22 are provided with limiting blocks for limiting the walking installation frame 20 .

As shown in FIG. 8 , the z-axis traveling mechanism includes a z-axis column 23 and a lifting mechanism that drives the z-axis column 23 to rise and fall. The z-axis column 23 is slidably installed on the walking mounting frame 20, and a z-axis guiding mechanism is provided between the z-axis column 23 and the walking mounting frame 20. The z-axis guiding mechanism can guide the lifting of the z-axis column 23, thereby ensuring z The stability of shaft column 23 lifting. The w-axis rotation mechanism 6 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the z-axis column 23 . The walking installation frame 20 is also provided with a gravity balance mechanism, which is used to balance the gravity of the z-axis column 23 and the mechanism installed on the z-axis column 23, thereby ensuring the stability of the z-axis column 23 lifting.

The gravity balance mechanism includes a balance cylinder 27 and a z-axis chain 28. The lower end of the balance cylinder 27 is installed on the walking mounting frame 20, and the axis of the balance cylinder 27 is arranged parallel to the axis of the z-axis column 23. The lower end of the z-axis chain 28 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the z-axis column 23, and the upper part is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the balance cylinder 27, thereby balancing the gravity of the z-axis column 23 and reducing the force borne by the lifting mechanism. The running of the mechanism is more stable, thereby ensuring the precision of the work. The balance cylinder 27 is connected with a pressure regulating valve, so that the air pressure in the balance cylinder 27 is kept balanced, the weight of the z-axis column 23 is balanced, and the z-axis column 23 can be prevented from falling when the power is cut off, so it is safe to use.

The top of the balance cylinder 27 is equipped with a gravity balance tensioning mechanism. The gravity balance tensioning mechanism includes a z-axis synchronous belt tensioner 25, and the z-axis synchronous belt tensioner 25 is rotated and installed on the piston rod of the balance cylinder 27, and rises and falls synchronously with the piston rod of the balance cylinder 27, and the z-axis chain 28 The upper end is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the balance cylinder 27 after bypassing the z-axis synchronous belt tensioner 25 . The bottom of the z-axis synchronous belt tensioner 25 is provided with a bolt for adjusting the height of the z-axis synchronous belt tensioner 25, and the bolt pushes the z-axis synchronous belt tensioner 25 upward through the axial direction of the z-axis synchronous belt tensioner 25, and Tension the z-axis chain 28.

A balance guiding mechanism for guiding is provided between the balance cylinder 27 and the z-axis column 23 . The balance guiding mechanism comprises a guide shaft 24 and a guide sleeve 26. The lower end of the guide shaft 24 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the piston rod of the balance cylinder 27, and moves up and down synchronously with the piston rod of the balance cylinder 27, and the axis of the guide shaft 24 and the balance cylinder 27 parallel. The guide sleeve 26 is fixedly connected with the z-axis column 23 , and the guide sleeve 26 is slidably arranged on the outside of the guide shaft 24 . The guide sleeve 26 guides the movement of the guide shaft 24, thereby ensuring the vertical lift of the piston rod of the balance cylinder 27, avoiding damage to the balance cylinder 27 due to the inclination of the z-axis column 23 during lifting.

There are two balance guiding mechanisms, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the balance cylinder 27, thereby better protecting the balance cylinder 27.

The lifting mechanism includes a z-axis chain and a z-axis power unit. The upper end of the z-axis chain is fixed on the top of the z-axis column 23 , and the lower end of the z-axis chain is fixed on the bottom end of the z-axis column 23 . The z-axis power unit is connected with the z-axis chain through the z-axis sprocket 30, and drives the z-axis column 23 to rise and fall.

There are three z-axis guide mechanisms, and the z-axis guide mechanisms are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the z-axis column 23. The side of the z-axis column 23 where the z-axis chain is installed is provided with a guide mechanism, and the side opposite to the side where the z-axis chain is installed Two z-axis guide mechanisms are installed on one side, which can well distribute the load brought by the z-axis column 23, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the z-axis column 23.

The z-axis guiding mechanism includes a slide rail arranged on the z-axis column 23 and a slider on the walking installation frame 20 , the slide block and the slide rail cooperate to guide the movement of the z-axis column 23 .

Both upper and lower ends of the z-axis column 23 are provided with limiting blocks, so as to limit the lifting of the z-axis column 23 .

As shown in FIGS. 9-10 , the z-axis power unit is a z-axis motor 29 , and the z-axis motor 29 drives the z-axis column 23 to rise and fall through the z-axis sprocket 30 . The z-axis motor 29 is fixed on the walking mounting frame 20, the z-axis sprocket 30 is connected with the output shaft of the z-axis motor 29, and the z-axis sprocket 30 cooperates with the z-axis chain to realize the lifting of the z-axis column 23. The z-axis chain has three rows. The side of the walking installation frame 20 close to the z-axis column 23 is a cuboid box body with upper and lower ends opened by steel plates fixedly connected by bolts, and the z-axis column 23 is arranged in one side of the walking installation frame 20 . The z-axis sprocket 30 is installed in the traveling installation frame 20 . The upper side of the walking mounting frame 20 is provided with a through hole, and the upper side of the walking mounting frame 20 is also equipped with a flange coaxial with the through hole through bolts, and the output shaft of the z-axis motor 29 passes through the flange plate and the through hole. Finally, it is connected with the z-axis sprocket 30, and is fixed on the flange by bolts, which not only facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the z-axis motor 29, but also avoids mutual interference between various mechanisms.

There are three z-axis sprockets 30 arranged vertically, and the output shaft of the z-axis motor 29 is coaxially connected with the z-axis sprocket 30 in the middle, and drives the z-axis sprocket 30 in the middle to rotate. The z-axis sprockets 30 on the upper and lower sides are respectively arranged on the side of the z-axis chain away from the z-axis column 23, and the z-axis sprocket 30 in the middle is arranged between the z-axis chain and the z-axis column 23. The distance between the axis of the z-axis sprocket 30 on the side and the z-axis column 23 is equal, and is smaller than the distance between the axis of the z-axis sprocket 30 in the middle and the z-axis column 23, increasing the distance between the z-axis sprocket 30 and the z-axis The wrapping angle between the chains improves the engagement strength between the z-axis sprocket 30 and the z-axis chain, thereby ensuring that the z-axis sprocket 30 can drive the z-axis column 23 up and down through the z-axis chain. An encoder is installed coaxially on the z-axis sprocket 30 in the middle, and the encoder can detect the speed and angle of rotation of the z-axis motor 29, thereby detecting the speed and distance of the z-axis column 23 rising and falling.

As shown in Figure 11: the w-axis rotating mechanism 6 includes a w-axis column 39, a rotating unit mounted on the w-axis column 39 and a w-axis power unit, the w-axis power unit is fixedly connected with the w-axis column 39, and the w-axis power unit It is connected with the rotation unit and drives the rotation unit to rotate, and the rotation unit is coaxially arranged with the w-axis column 39; it also includes a detection unit for measuring and limiting the rotation angle of the rotation unit. The w-axis rotation mechanism 6 can output power in the form of rotation around the w-axis column 39, which increases the movement form of the grasping mechanism 7 around the z-axis, increases the flexibility of the grasping mechanism 7, and can be used for transferring or moving tiles. When stacking, it can drive the grabbed tiles to rotate, thereby changing the posture of the tiles, and can be stacked according to needs, with a wide range of applications; the detection unit can detect the angle at which the rotating unit turns, thus ensuring the accuracy of the grabbing mechanism 7 .

The w-axis power unit is a w-axis motor 31 , and the w-axis motor 31 is installed on a rotating mount 35 . The rotating mounting frame 35 is arranged on the lower part of the w-axis column 39 and is fixedly connected with the w-axis column 39 . The rotating unit is arranged below the rotating mounting frame 35 .

The upper end of the w-axis column 39 is provided with a buffer mechanism for buffering in the vertical direction. Since the grasping mechanism 7 is installed below the w-axis rotating mechanism 6, during the working process, when the grasping mechanism touches the tiles grasped, the buffer mechanism can allow the w-axis column 39 to carry out a small displacement in the vertical direction. On the one hand, it can avoid damage to the w-axis rotating mechanism 6 when the grabbing mechanism 7 is in contact with the tiles to be grabbed; take the stability.

The buffer mechanism includes a buffer sleeve 37 and an axial limit mechanism. The buffer sleeve 37 is slidably sleeved on the upper end of the w-axis column 39, and the axial limit mechanism is fixed with the buffer sleeve 37, thereby controlling the axial movement of the w-axis column 39. limit. The buffer sleeve 37 of the w-axis rotating mechanism 6 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the z-axis column 23 .

A circumferential limit mechanism is provided between the buffer sleeve 37 and the rotating mounting bracket 35, and the circumferential limit mechanism can prevent the relative rotation of the w-axis column 39 and the buffer sleeve 37, thereby improving the working accuracy of the w-axis rotation mechanism 6. Avoid errors in the direction of rotation during work.

Circumferential spacing mechanism comprises circumferential spacing bar and spacing bearing, and the cross section of circumferential spacing bar is rectangular, and the lower end of circumferential spacing bar is installed on the rotating mount 35, and circumferential spacing bar is vertical set up. Limit bearings are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circumferential limit rod, and the limit bearings are fixed on the outside of the buffer sleeve 37 by bolts. The circumferential limit rod moves up and down synchronously with the w-axis column 39, and the limit bearings limit the circumferential limit rod, thereby avoiding the relative rotation between the w-axis column 39 and the buffer sleeve 37.

One side of the w-axis column 39 is provided with a buffer detection photoelectric switch 33 for detecting the position of the buffer sleeve 37, the buffer detection photoelectric switch 33 is installed on the photoelectric switch mounting plate 32, and the lower end of the photoelectric switch mounting plate 32 is installed on the rotating mounting frame 35 , and the photoelectric switch mounting plate 32 is vertically arranged. There are two buffer detection photoelectric switches 33, and the two buffer detection photoelectric switches 33 are vertically spaced apart. When the w-axis column 39 and the buffer sleeve 37 move axially relative to each other, when the buffer detection photoelectric switch 33 above detects the buffer sleeve 37, it means that the grasping mechanism 7 touches the object to be grasped, and is installed on the w-axis to rotate The catch mechanism 7 below the mechanism 6 stops the motion in the vertical direction. The buffer detection photoelectric switch 33 below provides limit protection for the movement of the w-axis column 39, so as to prevent the movement distance of the w-axis column 39 from being relatively large, thereby causing damage to the equipment.

The detection unit includes a rotation detection photoelectric switch 34, which is used to detect the angle of rotation of the grasping mechanism 7 connected with the rotation unit, and limit the rotation of the grasping mechanism 7. There are two rotation detection photoelectric switches 34, two rotation detection photoelectric switches 34 are installed on the rotation mount 35, and one rotation detection photoelectric switch 34 is used to detect the angle that the grabbing mechanism 7 turns over, so as to control the rotation of the grabbing mechanism 7. The angle is precisely controlled, and another detection switch is used to limit the rotation of the grab mechanism 7, so as to prevent the rotation angle of the grab mechanism 7 from exceeding the set rotation angle range.

As shown in FIG. 12 , the axial limit mechanism includes a limit sleeve 38 and a limit baffle 36 . The limit baffle 36 is an annular plate, and the limit baffle 36 is sleeved outside the w-axis column 39 above the buffer sleeve 37 , and the limit baffle 36 is fixedly connected to the buffer sleeve 37 . The inner diameter of the lower part of the buffer sleeve 37 is smaller than that of the upper part, thereby forming a limiting platform. The outer diameter of the lower part of the limit sleeve 38 is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper part, and the limit sleeve 38 is sleeved on the w-axis column 39 in the buffer sleeve 37, and the limit sleeve 38 is fixedly connected with the w-axis column 39 and is connected with the w-axis column 39 Synchronous lifting. The outer diameter of the w-axis column 39 is less than the inner diameter of the buffer sleeve 37, the bottom of the limit sleeve 38 extends into the bottom of the buffer sleeve 37, the length of the limit sleeve 38 is less than the length of the buffer sleeve 37, and the limit platform and the limit baffle plate 36 correspond to each other. Cooperate, the limit sleeve 38 is axially clamped, so that the w-axis column 39 is axially limited.

The w-axis column 39 above the limit baffle plate 36 is provided with a fixed nut, and the fixed nut cooperates with the limit platform of the buffer sleeve 37, and the gravity of the w-axis column 39 and the rotating mount 35 installed on the w-axis column 39 Offset, so that the w-axis column 39 is installed on the buffer sleeve 37 . The w-axis rotating mechanism 6 is connected with the traveling mechanism of the manipulator through a buffer sleeve 37 .

The rotating mounting bracket 35 is provided with a mounting hole for mounting on the w-axis column 39 , and the inner diameter of the mounting hole is larger than the outer diameter of the w-axis column 39 . The w-axis column 39 below the rotating mounting frame 35 is covered with a bearing sleeve 40. The diameter of the upper part of the bearing sleeve 40 is smaller than the diameter of the lower part. 40 on the outer boss. The lower end of the w-axis column 39 is fixed with a thrust bearing through a fixing nut, the lower part of the bearing sleeve 40 is supported on the thrust bearing, and the w-axis column 39 on the top of the rotating mount 35 is provided with a nut, and the rotating mount 35 is pressed against the thrust. On the bearing, complete the fixed installation of the rotating mount 35. The outer diameter of the upper part of the bearing sleeve 40 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower part of the mounting hole, and a rolling bearing is arranged between the bearing sleeve 40 and the mounting hole, so that the bearing sleeve 40 and the rotating mounting frame 35 can rotate relative to each other.

The rotating unit is an output sprocket, which is arranged coaxially with the w-axis column 39 , the inner diameter of the output sprocket is larger than the outer diameter of the w-axis column 39 , and the upper part of the output sprocket is fixedly connected with the bearing sleeve 40 . A driving sprocket is also installed on the rotating mounting bracket 35, and the driving sprocket is connected with the output sprocket through the w-axis chain 41, and drives the output sprocket to rotate. The bottom of the output sprocket is connected with the grasping mechanism 7 and drives the grasping mechanism 7 to rotate.

The output shaft of the w-axis motor 31 is arranged horizontally, and the output shaft of the w-axis motor 31 drives the driving sprocket to rotate through the meshed bevel gears. An encoder is installed above the drive sprocket, the encoder rotates synchronously with the drive sprocket, the encoder detects the speed signal of the drive sprocket, and feeds the speed signal back to the frequency converter, which can realize the adjustment of the output speed of the w-axis motor 31 , so as to complete the adjustment of the rotation speed of the output sprocket, and the encoder can also detect the angle at which the driving sprocket turns.

As shown in Figures 13-14: the grabbing mechanism 7 includes a pallet grabbing mechanism and a tile grabbing mechanism. Both the pallet grabbing mechanism and the ceramic tile grabbing mechanism are installed on the grabbing mechanism main body 45, and the grabbing mechanism main body 45 is a cuboid shell. The output sprocket of the w-axis rotating mechanism 6 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the grasping mechanism main body 45, and drives the grasping mechanism 7 to rotate synchronously.

The pallet grabbing mechanism includes a pallet grabbing finger 47 and a finger power unit that pushes the pallet grabbing finger 47 to stretch and clamp. The pallet grabbing finger 47 is V-shaped, and one end of the pallet grabbing finger 47 is connected to the finger power unit, and the other end is provided with a baffle for blocking the pallet to be grabbed, so as to prevent the pallet from being picked up during the grabbing process. slipping and causing danger. There are four pallet grabbing fingers 47, which are respectively arranged on the four corners of the grabbing mechanism main body 45. The pallet grabbing fingers 47 are installed on the finger mounting plate 43, and the finger mounting plate 43 is fixedly connected with the finger power unit.

The gripping mechanism main body 45 is provided with a pallet clamping guide plate 42, the pallet clamping guide plate 42 corresponds to the pallet grabbing fingers 47 one by one, and the pallet clamping guide plate 42 is fixed on the side of the grabbing mechanism main body 45 superior. The free end of the pallet clamping guide plate 42 is gradually concave arc from bottom to top. The pallet grabbing finger 47 is hinged on the finger mounting plate 43, and a torsion spring is arranged between the pallet grabbing finger 47 and the finger mounting plate 43, so that the pallet grabbing finger 47 is separated from the pallet clamping guide plate 42 is in the open state. A finger guide bearing 46 is mounted on the pallet grasping finger 47 for rotation, and the finger guide bearing 46 is arranged between the hinge point and the pallet clamping guide plate 42 . The finger power unit pushes the pallet grabbing fingers 47 to move to the left and right sides respectively, so that the pallet grabbing fingers 47 are separated from the pallet clamping guide plate 42, and the pallet grabbing fingers 47 are in contact with the torsion spring and the pallet grabbing fingers 47 It is in an open state under the action of gravity; the finger power unit drives the pallet grabbing finger 47 to move from both sides to the middle, so that the finger guide bearing 46 enters the free end of the pallet clamping guide plate 42, and the pallet clamps the guide plate 42 The pallet grabbing fingers 47 are guided to complete the grabbing and clamping of the pallet.

The tile grabbing mechanism includes a tile splint 48 and a splint power unit that pushes the tile splint 48 to move axially. The upper end of tile clamping plate 48 is installed on the clamping plate mounting plate 49, and the other end is a free end. The splint power unit is connected with the splint mounting plate 49, and pushes the splint mounting plate 49 to move horizontally, thereby realizing the clamping and loosening of the tiles. The side of the ceramic tile splint 48 in contact with the ceramic tile is provided with rubber, on the one hand, it is used to increase the friction with the ceramic tile, and on the other hand, it can produce a buffering effect to avoid collision with the ceramic tile, thereby damaging the ceramic tile. The lower end of the tile clamping plate 48 is inclined to the middle, so that the tiles can be clamped better.

When grabbing tiles along the thickness direction, the tile splint 48 can be installed on one end of the splint mounting plate 49 close to the middle part of the grabbing mechanism main body 45. One end on the outside of the main body 45 of the grabbing mechanism. The two tile splints 48 that are used to cooperate with each other to clamp the tiles are a pair, and there are two pairs of tile splints 48, and the splint mounting plates 49 correspond to the tile splints 48 one by one.

Above the main body 45 of the grabbing mechanism, a ceramic tile grabbing limiting unit is arranged. The ceramic tile grasping limit unit is a splint limit photoelectric switch 44, each pair of splint limit photoelectric switches 44 has two, and the two splint limit photoelectric switches 44 are used to detect the initial position and the end position of the splint power unit respectively. This completes the limit. There are two pairs of splint limit photoelectric switches 44, which limit the splint power unit driving the ceramic tile splint 48 movement respectively.

The grasping mechanism 7 can not only grasp the pallets, but also grasp the ceramic tiles. It has a high degree of automation, and the pallets are placed with high precision, and the tiles will not be tilted during stacking, so it is easy to use.

As shown in FIG. 15 : a pallet transmission mechanism is provided between the finger power unit and the finger mounting plate 43 . Finger power unit is pallet grabbing cylinder 51, and pallet grabbing cylinder 51 has one, and is installed in the middle part of grabbing mechanism main body 45, and the piston rod of pallet grabbing cylinder 51 links to each other with pallet transmission mechanism, and finger mounting plate 43 links to each other with pallet transmission mechanism.

The pallet transmission mechanism includes a pallet grabbing gear 55 and a pallet grabbing rack 56 . The pallet grabbing gear 55 is rotatably installed in the grabbing mechanism main body 45, and the axis of the pallet grabbing gear 55 is vertically arranged. There are two pallet grabbing racks 56, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pallet grabbing gear 55, and one end of the two pallet grabbing racks 56 protrudes from the grabbing mechanism main body 45 and is fixed with the finger mounting plate 43 connect. The pallet grabbing cylinder 51 is fixedly connected with a pallet grabbing rack 56, and pushes the pallet grabbing rack 56 to move axially, and the pallet grabbing rack 56 drives another pallet grabbing gear 55. The pallet grabbing racks 56 move in opposite directions, so that the pallet grabbing fingers 47 on both sides are opened and closed synchronously.

The outer side of the pallet grabbing rack 56 is provided with a bearing that presses the pallet grabbing finger 56 on the pallet grabbing gear 55 , and the bearing is installed on the grabbing mechanism main body 45 by bolts.

There are two splint power units, and the two splint power units are respectively arranged on both sides of the pallet grabbing cylinder 51, and drive the opening and closing of two pairs of tile splints 48 respectively. Each splint power unit includes two splint opening and closing cylinders 50, and the piston rods of the two splint opening and closing cylinders 50 are fixedly connected and move synchronously. The splint limit photoelectric switch 44 limits the tile splint 48 by detecting the position of the piston rod of the splint opening and closing cylinder 50 .

A splint transmission mechanism is provided between the splint power unit and the splint mounting plate 49 . The splint transmission mechanism includes a splint opening and closing gear 52 and a splint opening and closing rack 53 . The splint opening and closing gear 52 is rotatably mounted on the grasping mechanism main body 45, and the axis of the splint opening and closing gear 52 is vertically arranged. There are two clamping plate opening and closing racks 53, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping plate opening and closing gear 52, and the two clamping plate opening and closing racks 53 are fixedly connected with the clamping plate mounting plate 49 of the same pair of ceramic tile clamping plates 48 installed respectively. The piston rods of the two splint opening and closing cylinders 50 are connected with a splint opening and closing rack 53, and drive the splint opening and closing rack 53 to move, and the splint opening and closing rack 53 drives the other splint opening and closing gear 52 to open and close the splint The rack 53 moves in the opposite direction. Both sides of the splint opening and closing rack 53 are respectively provided with bearings that push the splint opening and closing rack 53 to press the splint opening and closing gear 52 .

A tile sensor 54 is arranged below the pallet grabbing gear 55, and the tile sensor 54 is used to detect whether the tile splint 48 grabs a tile and detects whether the pallet grabbing finger 47 grabs a pallet.

The working process of the manipulator is as follows: first, the traveling mechanism drives the grasping mechanism 7 to grab the pallet, and place the pallet at a designated position. Then the walking mechanism drives the grasping mechanism 7 to pick up the tiles, and places the tiles on the pallet in turn, thereby stacking the tiles. Compared with the traditional manipulator, the manipulator has an increased degree of freedom, so that the grasping mechanism of the manipulator can rotate around the z-axis, so that the manipulator can stack in various ways, and the way of stacking can be set according to user needs.

Since the y-axis traveling mechanism 2, the x-axis traveling mechanism 3, the z-axis traveling mechanism 4, and the w-axis rotating mechanism 6 are all equipped with encoders, when the grasping mechanism 7 is close to the ceramic tile, the walking or rotating speed of the grasping mechanism 7 is relatively slow , in the process of transferring the tiles, the speed of the grabbing mechanism 7 is relatively fast, which greatly improves the work efficiency, and will not collide with the tiles so as to damage the tiles. In addition, when the grabbing mechanism 7 cooperates with the production line, when the production of ceramic tiles is fast, the movement of the grabbing mechanism 7 is also fast, and when the production of tiles is slow, the movement of the grabbing mechanism 7 is also slow, which not only cooperates The production line avoids the phenomenon that the grasping mechanism 7 runs too fast and causes energy waste.

As shown in Figure 16: the ceramic tile overturning device comprises overturning frame 57 and overturning platform 58, and overturning platform 58 is installed in rotation on the top of overturning frame 57, and overturning frame 57 is provided with power mechanism, and power mechanism links to each other with overturning platform 58, and Promote the turning table 58 to swing around the horizontal swing axis. The turning table of the tile turning device can drive the tiles to turn over, so that the tiles on the production line can be turned over and maintained in a vertical state before the manipulator grabs them, so that the manipulator can easily grab the tiles according to the required stacking method. Convenience.

The both sides of the front portion of the overturning platform 58 are rotatably installed on the overturning frame 57, and the top of the overturning platform 58 is provided with a plurality of sliding rollers at intervals, and the axes of the plurality of sliding rollers are all parallel to the swing axis of the overturning platform 58.

The rear side of the overturning platform 58 is bent upwards to form a bent portion, on which a baffle installation rod for installing the baffle 59 is arranged, and the baffle installation rod is horizontal and spaced apart from the top of the overturning platform 58 . The baffle plate 59 is detachably installed on the baffle plate mounting rod through bolts and nuts, and the baffle plate 59 is spaced apart from the overturning table 58. between.

The lower part of the front side of the baffle plate 59 is arc-shaped gradually downward from front to back, so as to avoid hindering the ceramic tiles entering the turning table 58 .

Power mechanism comprises overturning motor 63 and overturning transmission mechanism, overturning motor 63 is arranged on the overturning frame 57 below overturning table 58, is provided with speed reducer between overturning motor 63 and overturning transmission mechanism, the output shaft of overturning motor 63 and speed reducer The input shaft of the reducer links to each other, the output shaft of the reducer links to each other with the output end of the overturning transmission mechanism, and the output end of the overturning transmission mechanism links to each other with the overturning platform 58, thereby driving the overturning platform 58 to swing.

The overturning transmission mechanism includes a connecting rod 62 and a crank 64, one end of the crank 64 is rotatably connected with the output shaft of the reducer, the other end of the crank 64 is rotatably connected with one end of the connecting rod 62, and the other end of the connecting rod 62 is connected with the bottom of the turning table 58. Rotationally connected, and the connection point is located at the rear side of the swing axis of the turning platform 58, thereby pushing the turning platform 58 to swing. When the connecting rod 62 and the crank 64 are located on the same side of the output shaft of the reducer, and the axes of the connecting rod 62 and the crank 64 are parallel, the overturn table 58 is in a horizontal state; side, and the axes of the connecting rod 62 and the crank 64 are parallel, and the overturning table 58 is in a vertical state at this moment, so when the overturning motor 63 works, it will drive the overturning table 58 to swing, thereby driving the tiles to swing.

Turning frame 57 is provided with turning platform limiting plate 61, and turning platform limiting plate 61 has two pieces, symmetrically arranged on turning frame 57 both sides. The rear side of the overturning limit plate 57 is provided with a rubber pad, so that when the overturning platform 58 is overturned to a vertical state, the overturning platform 58 is limited, so that when the manipulator grabs the tiles on the overturning platform 58, the overturning platform 58 is guaranteed at rest.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to other forms. Any skilled person who is familiar with this profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify the equivalent of equivalent changes. Example. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a ceramic tile device for pilling, it is characterised in that: include ceramic tile conveying mechanism, the ceramic tile lifting being arranged in folded brick frame Mechanism and ceramic tile clamp system, ceramic tile elevating mechanism is slidably mounted in folded brick frame, and glide direction and ceramic tile conveyer The conveying direction of structure is vertical, is provided with folded brick guiding mechanism between ceramic tile elevating mechanism and folded brick frame, ceramic tile elevating mechanism and Ceramic tile clamp system is installed on ceramic tile conveying mechanism, and ceramic tile elevating mechanism is symmetricly set on ceramic tile elevating mechanism both sides, porcelain Brick clamp system is arranged on the top of ceramic tile elevating mechanism.

Ceramic tile device for pilling the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described folded brick guiding mechanism includes regulation Support leg (66) and spacing regulation guide rail (65), regulation supporting leg (66) has multiple, is symmetricly set under ceramic tile conveying mechanism Both sides, side, spacing regulation guide rail (65) is horizontally set on regulation supporting leg (66) lower section, and the axis of spacing regulation guide rail (65) Vertical with the direction of ceramic tile conveying mechanism conveying, the bottom of regulation supporting leg (66) is provided with matches with spacing regulation guide rail (65) Rail wheel.

Ceramic tile device for pilling the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described ceramic tile elevating mechanism has two.

Ceramic tile device for pilling the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described ceramic tile elevating mechanism includes lifting electricity Machine (71) and torr brick finger (69), lifting motor (71) is arranged on ceramic tile conveying mechanism side, and lifting motor (71) passes through tooth Wheel drive mechanism is connected with torr brick finger (69), and drives torr brick finger (69) lifting.

Ceramic tile device for pilling the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described gear drive includes lifting tooth Bar and the gear matched with lifter rack, gear is arranged on the output shaft of lifting motor (71), and lifter rack slides and pacifies Being contained on ceramic tile conveying mechanism, lifter rack is vertically arranged, and torr brick finger (69) is arranged on lifter rack.

Ceramic tile device for pilling the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described ceramic tile clamp system includes clamping gas Cylinder (70) and folded brick clamp plate (68), clamping cylinder (70) has two, is symmetricly set on ceramic tile conveying mechanism both sides, folded brick clamp plate (68) being arranged on the piston rod of clamping cylinder (70), the clamping cylinder (70) of both sides promotes folded brick clamp plate (68) to move horizontally, Thus ceramic tile is clamped or unclamps.

Ceramic tile device for pilling the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described folded brick clamp plate (68) carries with ceramic tile Being provided with folded brick swing arm between mechanism, folded brick swing arm one end is rotatably installed on ceramic tile conveying mechanism, the other end and folded brick clamp plate (68) it is rotationally connected.

Ceramic tile device for pilling the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: dismountable on described ceramic tile conveying mechanism Being provided with the folded brick detector unit for detecting ceramic tile, folded brick detector unit is arranged on the top of ceramic tile clamp system.

9. a ceramic tile stacks palletizing apparatus, it is characterised in that: include mechanical hand, ceramic tile overturning device and claim 1 ~ 8 Ceramic tile device for pilling described in any one, mechanical hand includes frame (1), walking mechanism, w axle rotating mechanism (6) and gripper Structure (7), walking mechanism is arranged in frame (1), and can move along x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively, and w axle rotating mechanism (6) installs In walking mechanism, grasping mechanism (7) is arranged on w axle rotating mechanism (6), and ceramic tile device for pilling is arranged on the one of mechanical hand Side, ceramic tile overturning device is arranged between ceramic tile device for pilling and mechanical hand, and the ceramic tile stacking ceramic tile device for pilling enters Row upset, thus facilitate mechanical hand to capture.