CN106274260A - Antiquated calligraphy and painting draws that the heart is lossless tears off method - Google Patents
Antiquated calligraphy and painting draws that the heart is lossless tears off method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106274260A CN106274260A CN201610696084.6A CN201610696084A CN106274260A CN 106274260 A CN106274260 A CN 106274260A CN 201610696084 A CN201610696084 A CN 201610696084A CN 106274260 A CN106274260 A CN 106274260A
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- calligraphy
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- heart
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- amylase
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44D—PAINTING OR ARTISTIC DRAWING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PRESERVING PAINTINGS; SURFACE TREATMENT TO OBTAIN SPECIAL ARTISTIC SURFACE EFFECTS OR FINISHES
- B44D7/00—Preserving paintings, e.g. by varnishing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of antiquated calligraphy and painting and draw that the heart is lossless tears off method, the alpha amylase aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.025%～0.2% is first processed antiquated calligraphy and painting for tearing off by the method, mission paper departs from naturally with drawing the heart, the picture heart is processed with the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.5%～2% again after tearing off life paper, make to remain in picture alpha amylase in the heart to lose activity, solve newly mounting of existing after alpha amylase tears off antiquated calligraphy and painting viscous not up or paste viscosity make mounting not after calligraphy and painting place a period of time after have hollowing, the disease problem such as warp.The inventive method is simple to operate, quick, safety, will not impact the performances such as the intensity of antiquated calligraphy and painting, color, durability, and not affect the mounting again of calligraphy and painting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Techniques of Relics Protection field, be specifically related to a kind of antiquated calligraphy and painting and draw that the heart is lossless tears off method.
Background technology
The Chinese tradition mounting of calligraphy and painting is one and spreads nearly bimillennial technique, has long history.Ancient times, calligraphy and painting was able to
Preserve, spread and collect, be unable to do without mounting.Successive dynasties painting and calligraphy handed down from ancient times and unearthed painting and calligraphy, or due to former mount the best, occur ghost take off
Fall；Or owing to collection keeping is not good at, make moist mouldy, poor rotten fracture, damaged by rats of damaging by worms；Or by tear fracture, sanction during spreading
Cut；Or it is rotten rotten folded viscous owing to being embedded in underground for a long time ... for reproducing the artistic elegance of original works, to need to remount.
Remount and just original old mounting material is cut, Jing Guoxi, take off, mend, congruence, again inlay and mount with new
Material, refitting forms.Calligraphy and painting is taken off during remounting and mounted is a most important ring.Take off mount skill produce in the Tang Dynasty, this skill
Generation have very important significance, indicate the decoration of China painting and calligraphy and the maturation repairing skill.
Take off mount i.e. with water by after moistening for life paper when the appropriate humidity after drip washing is complete, utilize finger to rub mill gently with the hands, make picture
The heart separates with life paper.But owing to along with the increase of historical relic retention time, in painting and calligraphy, the reversibility of the original adhesive used is deteriorated,
Often it is difficult to moistening；In addition the most cotton many skins of quality of China's paper are few, fibre compact, and the wettest taking off often causes the broken of local
Damage, take off the process difficulty of mounting the biggest.And the craft of painting and calligraphy historical relic take off mount operating procedure be difficult to grasp, for repair substantial amounts of painting and calligraphy
Historical relic process is slow.
α-amylase (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-alpha-D-glucose-glucoside hydrolytic enzyme) is generally distributed in animal, plant and microorganism,
Being a kind of endo-type amylase, it is arbitrarily to cut α-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae glucoside bond from the inside of starch molecule when acting on starch, makes
Starch molecule is degraded rapidly, produces maltose, oligosaccharide and glucose etc., loses the color reaction of viscosity and iodine.It can be by
Prepared by fermentable, it is also possible to extract from animals and plants, is one of enzyme preparation of being most widely used.
Owing to enzyme has unicity, when α-amylase acts on calligraphy and painting, only decompose starch adhesive used in former mounting,
And on paper fibre not impact, and because of it, there is high efficiency, only need the shortest time, can starch-splitting to make it lose viscous
Knot ability.Therefore, when α-amylase being acted on calligraphy and painting, greatly reduce the cohesive force drawn when taking off exhibition between the heart and life paper,
The color of pigment in the intensity drawing the heart itself and picture be there is no impact, reduces papery painting and calligraphy and tear off difficulty and the risk of operation,
Thus improve papery painting and calligraphy historical relic restoration and protection level.But after tearing off antiquated calligraphy and painting by α-amylase, owing to there being α-shallow lake
Powder enzyme remains, cause newly mount viscous not up or paste viscosity make mounting not after calligraphy and painting have hollowing.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to overcome the problem using α-amylase to exist after tearing off antiquated calligraphy and painting,
There is provided one to use α-amylase to make rapidly enzyme denaturation lose activity after tearing off antiquated calligraphy and painting, and do not interfere with the dress again of calligraphy and painting
The antiquated calligraphy and painting mounted is drawn the heart and is torn off method.
Solve above-mentioned technical problem to be the technical scheme is that at antiquated calligraphy and painting back side elder generation for tearing off even spread one
Layer mass fraction is the α-amylase aqueous solution of 0.025%～0.2%, after placing 10～20 minutes, by the life paper at the calligraphy and painting back side
Tear off, then drawing the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution that the heart back side one layer of mass fraction of even spread is 0.5%～2%, place 20～
After 40 minutes, clean the picture heart with distilled water.
The heart drawn by above-mentioned antiquated calligraphy and painting, and lossless to tear off method further preferred: at the antiquated calligraphy and painting back side for tearing off the most uniformly
It is coated with the α-amylase aqueous solution that one layer of mass fraction is 0.1%, after placing 10 minutes, the life paper at the calligraphy and painting back side is torn off down
Come, then drawing the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution that the heart back side one layer of mass fraction of even spread is 1%, after placing 30 minutes, using distilled water
Clean the picture heart.
The present invention, after using α-amylase to tear off antiquated calligraphy and painting, processes with toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide and remains in picture α-amylase in the heart,
Solve that α-amylase residual exists newly mount viscous not up or paste viscosity make mounting not after calligraphy and painting place
Have hollowing after a period of time, the disease problem such as warp.The inventive method is simple to operate, quick, safety, by α-amylase is directly
Rapid decomposable former mount in used starch adhesive so that it is lose cementitiousness, overcome and existing tear off method operation easier
Greatly, cycle length and the problem of the fragile picture heart, performances such as drawing the intensity of the heart, color, durability will not be impacted, reduce
Papery painting and calligraphy tear off difficulty and the risk of operation, improve papery painting and calligraphy historical relic restoration and protection level, and do not affect the weight of calligraphy and painting
New mounting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Loading-displacement curve figure when Fig. 1 is that after toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide processes residual α-amylase, the sample of paper is peeled off.
Fig. 2 is the raw rice paper of directly paper loading-displacement curve figure when opening stripping.
Fig. 3 is the microphotograph under raw rice paper Zhang Chao depth-of-field microscope 100 times.
Fig. 4 is the microphotograph under the raw rice paper Zhang Chao depth-of-field microscope 100 times having brushed starch adhesive.
Fig. 5 is that the raw rice paper having brushed starch adhesive is opened after α-amylase processes and cleans with distilled water aobvious in the super depth of field
Microphotograph under micro mirror 100 times.
Fig. 6 is the microphotograph under the raw rice paper Zhang Chao depth-of-field microscope 100 times after α-amylase processes.
Fig. 7 is that infrared spectrogram opened by α-amylase process rice paper in previous existence.
Fig. 8 is that after α-amylase processes, infrared spectrogram opened by raw rice paper.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in more detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to
These embodiments.
Embodiment 1
By antiquated calligraphy and painting left-hand thread for tearing off on mounting platform, uniformly spray distilled water with watering can at its back side, treat calligraphy and painting
Flattened with banister brush after moistening, be then the α-amylase of 0.1% at calligraphy and painting back side elder generation one layer of mass fraction of even spread
Aqueous solution, after placing 10 minutes, tears off by the life paper at the calligraphy and painting back side, then is drawing the heart back side one layer of mass fraction of even spread
Being the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution of 1%, after placing 30 minutes, distilled water cleans the picture heart 3 times.
Embodiment 2
By antiquated calligraphy and painting left-hand thread for tearing off on mounting platform, uniformly spray distilled water with watering can at its back side, treat calligraphy and painting
Flattened with banister brush after moistening, be then the alphalise starch of 0.025% at calligraphy and painting back side elder generation one layer of mass fraction of even spread
Enzyme aqueous solution, after placing 20 minutes, tears off by the life paper at the calligraphy and painting back side, then divides drawing the heart back side one layer of quality of even spread
Number is the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution of 0.5%, and after placing 40 minutes, distilled water cleans the picture heart 3 times.
Embodiment 3
By antiquated calligraphy and painting left-hand thread for tearing off on mounting platform, uniformly spray distilled water with watering can at its back side, treat calligraphy and painting
Flattened with banister brush after moistening, be then the α-amylase of 0.2% at calligraphy and painting back side elder generation one layer of mass fraction of even spread
Aqueous solution, after placing 10 minutes, tears off by the life paper at the calligraphy and painting back side, then is drawing the heart back side one layer of mass fraction of even spread
Being the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution of 2%, after placing 20 minutes, distilled water cleans the picture heart 3 times.
In order to determine the process conditions of the present invention, inventor has carried out substantial amounts of laboratory research test, specifically tests feelings
Condition is as follows:
1, α-amylase consumption is determined
(1) bond half by the paper of two rice paper together and only, second half not swabbing stick with paste when later stage dynamometry omnipotent
Material Testing Machine fixture is clamped, under the conditions of temperature 80 DEG C, relative humidity 65% aging 9 days, is cut into the bar of 30mm width so that
Form by clinging and do not cling two parts on each, obtain analog sample.
(2) analog sample is water-soluble by the α-amylase that mass fraction is 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% respectively
After liquid processes different time, clamp, with universal testing machine, the two ends that sample does not cling, stretch, record analog sample
Loading and observe tear off after simulate sample surfaces visual effect.The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 variable concentrations α-amylase tears off effect
| α-amylase concentration | Tear off the time (min) | Tear off 5mm Average peel force (N) | Tear off surface visual effect |
| 0.025% | 0 | 1.3754 | Tear |
| 0.05% | 0 | 1.3385 | Tear |
| 0.1% | 0 | 1.3815 | Tear |
| 0.2% | 0 | 1.2831 | Tear |
| 0.025% | 2 | 1.2907 | Tear |
| 0.05% | 2 | 1.0708 | Tear |
| 0.1% | 2 | 0.6241 | Tear off, rough surface |
| 0.2% | 2 | 0.5988 | Tear off, rough surface |
| 0.025% | 5 | 0.9771 | Tear |
| 0.05% | 5 | 0.6317 | Tear off, rough surface |
| 0.1% | 5 | 0.3360 | Tearing off, surface is rougher |
| 0.2% | 5 | - | Tearing off, surface is rougher |
| 0.025% | 10 | - | Tearing off, surface is more smooth |
| 0.05% | 10 | - | Tear off, surfacing |
| 0.1% | 10 | - | Tear off, surfacing |
| 0.2% | 10 | - | Tear off, surfacing |
| 0.025% | 20 | - | Tear off, surfacing |
| 0.05% | 20 | - | Tear off, surfacing |
| 0.1% | 20 | - | Tear off, surfacing |
| 0.2% | 20 | - | Tear off, surfacing |
From table 1 test data it can be seen that when α-amylase concentration be 0.025%～0.2%, the process time is less than 5 points
Zhong Shi, analog sample is difficult to tear off, and easily tears；When α-amylase concentration be 0.025%～0.2%, the process time be
When 10～20 minutes, all smooth can tear off analog sample, and it is smooth to tear off rear paper surface, fiber is without fracture.According to historical relic
In reparation, minimum intervention principle and comprehensive many factors consider, the concentration of optimum selection α-amylase of the present invention is 0.1%, place
The reason time is 10 minutes.
2, the process of α-amylase is remained after tearing off
After antiquated calligraphy and painting tears off, remount, to reproduce works original appearance.But it was found that, when using alphalise starch
After enzyme tears off antiquated calligraphy and painting, owing to there being α-amylase to remain, cause newly mount viscous not up or paste viscosity makes not
Calligraphy and painting after mounting has hollowing.This be owing to tearing off calligraphy and painting by α-amylase after, it can not thoroughly be cleaned up by water, draw in the heart
A small amount of α-amylase is had to remain.When remounting, the paste newly mounted is decomposed by the α-amylase of residual so that it is viscosity reduces
Even lose.So, it should thoroughly remove residual starch enzyme or make it lose activity and no longer starch-splitting.
The analog sample that the α-amylase aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.2% is torn off respectively with mass fraction be 0%,
0.5%, the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution of 1%, 2% processes 30 minutes, again papers with starch paste after then cleaning three times with distilled water
Half, is cut into bar (having paper and the part not papered on each) wide for 3cm, as experiment after naturally drying
Sample, simultaneously not do the analog sample of any process as control sample.Universal testing machine carries out peeling force survey
Examination, obtains loading/displacement curve, and result is shown in Fig. 1 and 2.Instrument loading precision is 0.1mN, and peeling rate is 5mm/min, works as lotus
When heavily fluctuating less.Calculate the average load peeling off 5mm length.
Test result indicate that: after the laboratory sample paper processed with toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide, bonding force is uniform, adhesive strength with without any
The control sample difference processed is the least, the experiment wherein processed with the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.5%, 1%, 2%
Sample is peeled off the average load of 5mm and is respectively 0.8087N, 1.247N, 1.3385N, the laboratory sample that unused toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide processes due to
Power is the least cannot be measured；And control sample directly tears off that to record average load when peeling off 5mm be 1.138N, and with mass fraction
Be 1% the laboratory sample that processed of toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution average load difference when peeling off 5mm the least.Illustrate that toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide can be very well
The α-amylase making to remain on sample lose activity, will not the mounting again of calligraphy and painting antiquated to the later stage impact.
In order to prove beneficial effects of the present invention, inventor has carried out substantial amounts of laboratory research test, specifically tests feelings
Condition is as follows:
1, the α-amylase impact on paper physical property
The rice paper (experimental group) processed the α-amylase aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.2% respectively and distilled water process
Tensile strength, folding strength, tearability, pliability, whiteness and the pH value of paper (matched group) are tested, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 physical property
As shown in Table 2, vertical, horizontal tensile strength between experimental group and matched group, folding strength, tearability, pliability, white
Differ minimum between degree, acidity value, all in the range of error allows；This illustrates the α-amylase physical properties to paper
The most do not affect.After hydrothermal aging 15 days, vertical, horizontal tensile strength, folding strength, tearability, pliability, whiteness, acid
Angle value has reduced, but still differs the least between properties matched group and experimental group, and this shows that α-amylase is to paper
Durability do not affect.
Fig. 3～6 visible, has brushed and has had jelly to connect between the paper fibre of starch adhesive, almost filled out paper fine
Dimension space, when with α-amylase process and after distilled water cleans, paper fibre is high-visible, and the jelly between fiber disappears
Lose；Raw a surname's paper fibre that direct α-amylase processed is intact, without fracture；Illustrate that α-amylase can starch-splitting effectively
Adhesive, will not impact paper fibre.
From Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, before and after processing by α-amylase, raw rice paper is opened infrared spectrogram and is gone out peak position and the equal nothing of intensity
Change, illustrates that the α-amylase chemical constitution on paper is without impact.
2, the α-amylase impact on calligraphy and painting pigment
At the Chinese painting color (experimental group) respectively the α-amylase aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.2% processed and distilled water
The aberration of Chinese painting color (matched group) and the glossiness of reason are tested, and the results are shown in Table 3 and table 4.
Table 3 aberration
Table 4 glossiness
By table 3, table 4 it can be seen that distilled water process before and after matched group and α-amylase aqueous solution process before and after reality
Testing the colored Chinese painting color value of chromatism of group and be respectively less than 1, the value of chromatism of prepared Chinese ink is again smaller than 1；In addition gloss between experimental group and matched group
Angle value difference is minimum.After hydrothermal aging, value of chromatism change is little, and respectively less than 3, for prepared Chinese ink also below 1.5.Research shows,
In Chinese colour system, the aberration tolerance of achromatic color system sample and color series sample chromaticity coordinate value is respectively as follows: achromatic color system Δ
E<1.5；Color series Δ E < 3.0.This explanation α-amylase aqueous solution process before and after Chinese painting color and prepared Chinese ink value of chromatism human eye without
Method substantially distinguishes.Test result indicate that, α-amylase aqueous solution does not change the molecular structure of Chinese painting color, to Chinese painting color
Durability does not affect, and can be used for tearing off of antiquated calligraphy and painting.
Claims (2)
1. an antiquated calligraphy and painting draws that the heart is lossless tears off method, it is characterised in that: the most uniformly it is coated with at the antiquated calligraphy and painting back side for tearing off
One layer of mass fraction of cloth is the α-amylase aqueous solution of 0.025%～0.2%, after placing 10～20 minutes, by the calligraphy and painting back side
Life paper tears off, and is then drawing the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution that the heart back side one layer of mass fraction of even spread is 0.5%～2%, is placing
After 20～40 minutes, clean the picture heart with distilled water.
Antiquated calligraphy and painting the most according to claim 1 draws that the heart is lossless tears off method, it is characterised in that: at antiquated word for tearing off
Draw the α-amylase aqueous solution that back side elder generation one layer of mass fraction of even spread is 0.1%, after placing 10 minutes, by the calligraphy and painting back side
Life paper tears off, and is then drawing the toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide aqueous solution that the heart back side one layer of mass fraction of even spread is 1%, is placing 30 minutes
After, clean the picture heart with distilled water.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111794014A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-20 | 西安工业大学 | Method for repairing fracture disease of ancient painting and calligraphy |
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| CN104114767A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2014-10-22 | 凯米罗总公司 | Method for making of paper, tissue, board or the like |
| CN104520499A (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2015-04-15 | 巴克曼实验室国际公司 | Methods of preserving starch in pulp and controlling calcium precipitation and/or scaling |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1113516A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-20 | 北京市联合大学 | Bioenzyme used for dismounting pictures and the method therefor |
| JP2004226277A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-12 | Bios Ikagaku Kenkyusho:Kk | Optical measuring method and optical measuring apparatus of organism substance and chemical substance |
| CN1454793A (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2003-11-12 | 章建国 | Ancient calligraphy and painting rapid dismounting method |
| CN1683171A (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2005-10-19 | 吴昊 | Biological cleaning and repairing method for paper cultural relics |
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| CN111794014A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-20 | 西安工业大学 | Method for repairing fracture disease of ancient painting and calligraphy |
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Application publication date: 20170104 |