CN106268660A - 一种用于吸附二氧化碳的改性吸附剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于二氧化碳吸附剂技术领域，公开了一种用于吸附二氧化碳的改性吸附剂，其按照如下工艺制备而得：步骤1）粉碎和浸泡，步骤2）偶联，步骤3）粉碎和研磨，步骤4）加热、搅拌和烘干。本发明吸附剂吸附效果好，成本低廉，环保无污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于二氧化碳吸附剂技术领域，涉及一种用于吸附二氧化碳的改性吸附剂。
背景技术
随着世界人口和能源消耗的快速增长，大量排放的二氧化碳破坏了区域生态环境系统中的碳平衡，从而引发全球变暖，减少二氧化碳的排放量是应对温室效应的关键所在。无论是将二氧化碳作为原料循环利用还是埋藏，其富集过程都很有必要，但该过程耗资巨大，因此，通过各种方法高效、经济地降低大气中二氧化碳的浓度已成为当前的研究热点之一。而且在某些特殊领域，需要降低气体中二氧化碳的含量，例如沼气制备纯化领域。迄今二氧化碳的捕获、分离的方法主要有溶剂吸收法、吸附法、膜分离法和低温蒸馏法等，其中，吸附法具有工艺操作简单、流程短、投资少、操作灵活等优点，因而显示出广阔的应用前景。
目前，固体吸附剂是一种很好的选择，制备方法简单、成本低，吸附过程中二氧化碳以固体形式存在，便于储存、运输和使用。现有的吸附剂大多存在成本较高，吸附效果差等缺陷。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术吸附剂的缺陷，本发明提供了一种用于吸附二氧化碳的改性吸附剂，该吸附剂吸附效果好，成本低廉，环保无污染。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种用于吸附二氧化碳的改性吸附剂，其按照如下工艺制备而得：
步骤1）粉碎和浸泡，步骤2）偶联，步骤3）粉碎和研磨，步骤4）加热、搅拌和烘干。
具体地，
所述步骤1）粉碎和浸泡，包括如下步骤：将水稻秸秆投入到粉碎机中粉碎处理得到秸秆粉，然后将秸秆粉与麦麸按照2:1的质量比混合均匀，加入到浓度为1M的氢氧化钠水溶液中，浸泡10小时，过滤后风干，研磨成粒径为10-30目的粉末，即为物料A；所述氢氧化钠水溶液的质量为麦麸质量的5倍。
所述步骤2）偶联，包括如下步骤：将纳米氧化铝和玻璃纤维依次添加到反应容器中，搅拌均匀，然后添加钛酸脂偶联剂和丙烯酸，200转/min搅拌10min，再静置30min，即得物料B；其中，纳米氧化铝、玻璃纤维、钛酸脂偶联剂以及丙烯酸的质量比为5:3:2:1。
所述步骤3）粉碎和研磨，包括如下步骤：将海泡石和沸石依次按照2:1的质量比投入到粉碎机中粉碎处理，然后研磨成10-30目的矿物质粉末；将矿物质粉末、氢氧化钙以及纯化水按照1:3:1的质量比混合搅拌均匀，得到物料C。
所述步骤4）加热、搅拌和烘干，包括如下步骤：将物料A和物料B混合搅拌均匀，然后置于密闭反应釜中，以20℃/min的升温速率升至120℃，保温30min，取出，投入到搅拌器中，200转/min搅拌5min，再往搅拌器中添加物料C，继续以300转/min搅拌2min，取出混合料，置于烘箱中，60℃烘干2小时，即得；其中，物料A、物料B以及物料C的质量比为10-15:8-12:15-26
本发明取得的有益效果主要包括以下几个方面：
本发明吸附剂以农业废弃物和天然矿物质为主要原料，这种原料来源广泛且成本低，并且制备出多孔材料，吸附效果好，实现了农业废弃物回收利用；
本发明通过对玻璃纤维进行改性，使得表面粗糙坚硬、比表面积大，具备较好的交换容量；纳米氧化铝材料可以较好的偶联附着到孔径内，无污染，吸附效果好，使用寿命长；氢氧化钙结合海泡石、沸石，控制合适的粒径，提高了吸附容量；
本发明不需要用到高温等苛刻的条件，粒度均匀，耐磨性能好，容易保存，制备方法简单，生产过程不产生有毒废弃物，适用于大规模生产。
具体实施方式
以下将采用具体的实施例来对本发明作进一步的解释，但是不应当看作是对本发明创新精神的限制。
实施例1
一种用于吸附二氧化碳的改性吸附剂，其按照如下工艺制备而得：
将水稻秸秆投入到粉碎机中粉碎处理得到秸秆粉，然后将秸秆粉与麦麸按照2:1的质量比混合均匀，加入到浓度为1M的氢氧化钠水溶液中，浸泡10小时，过滤后风干，研磨成粒径为10目的粉末，即为物料A；所述氢氧化钠水溶液的质量为麦麸质量的5倍；
将纳米氧化铝和玻璃纤维依次添加到反应容器中，搅拌均匀，然后添加钛酸脂偶联剂和丙烯酸，200转/min搅拌10min，再静置30min，即得物料B；其中，纳米氧化铝、玻璃纤维、钛酸脂偶联剂以及丙烯酸的质量比为5:3:2:1；玻璃纤维的直径为10-20um，长度为30-50um；
将海泡石和沸石依次按照2:1的质量比投入到粉碎机中粉碎处理，然后研磨成10目的矿物质粉末；将矿物质粉末、氢氧化钙以及纯化水按照1:3:1的质量比混合搅拌均匀，得到物料C；
将物料A和物料B混合搅拌均匀，然后置于密闭反应釜中，以20℃/min的升温速率升至120℃，保温30min，取出，投入到搅拌器中，200转/min搅拌5min，再往搅拌器中添加物料C，继续以300转/min搅拌2min，取出混合料，置于烘箱中，60℃烘干2小时，即得；其中，物料A、物料B以及物料C的质量比为10:8:15。
实施例2
一种用于吸附二氧化碳的改性吸附剂，其按照如下工艺制备而得：
将水稻秸秆投入到粉碎机中粉碎处理得到秸秆粉，然后将秸秆粉与麦麸按照2:1的质量比混合均匀，加入到浓度为1M的氢氧化钠水溶液中，浸泡10小时，过滤后风干，研磨成粒径为30目的粉末，即为物料A；所述氢氧化钠水溶液的质量为麦麸质量的5倍；
将纳米氧化铝和玻璃纤维依次添加到反应容器中，搅拌均匀，然后添加异丙基三（二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基）钛酸酯偶联剂和丙烯酸，200转/min搅拌10min，再静置30min，即得物料B；其中，纳米氧化铝、玻璃纤维、异丙基三（二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基）钛酸脂偶联剂以及丙烯酸的质量比为5:3:2:1；玻璃纤维的直径为10-20um，长度为30-50um；
将海泡石和沸石依次按照2:1的质量比投入到粉碎机中粉碎处理，然后研磨成10-30目的矿物质粉末；将矿物质粉末、氢氧化钙以及纯化水按照1:3:1的质量比混合搅拌均匀，得到物料C；
将物料A和物料B混合搅拌均匀，然后置于密闭反应釜中，以20℃/min的升温速率升至120℃，保温30min，取出，投入到搅拌器中，200转/min搅拌5min，再往搅拌器中添加物料C，继续以300转/min搅拌2min，取出混合料，置于烘箱中，60℃烘干2小时，即得；其中，物料A、物料B以及物料C的质量比为15:12:26。
实施例3
本发明实施例1-2制备的吸附剂的性能测试：
分别取实施例1或2吸附剂20g，置于AutoChem II 2920的U型管内；然后通入10％CO2-He气体，气体压力为0.3MPa，气体流量为10ml.min-1，保持10min， CO2-He气体中的CO2体积百分数为5％，He体积百分数为95％；本发明吸附剂吸附可在10min内达到饱和，实施例1吸附剂可达到7.36mmol/g的吸附量，实施例2吸附剂可达到7.67mmol/g的吸附量，大大优于常用的活性炭的吸附性能。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的， 不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于吸附二氧化碳的改性吸附剂，其按照如下工艺制备而得：
步骤1）粉碎和浸泡，步骤2）偶联，步骤3）粉碎和研磨，步骤4）加热、搅拌和烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的改性吸附剂，其特征在于，所述步骤1）粉碎和浸泡，包括如下步骤：将水稻秸秆投入到粉碎机中粉碎处理得到秸秆粉，然后将秸秆粉与麦麸按照2:1的质量比混合均匀，加入到浓度为1M的氢氧化钠水溶液中，浸泡10小时，过滤后风干，研磨成粒径为10-30目的粉末，即为物料A；所述氢氧化钠水溶液的质量为麦麸质量的5倍。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的改性吸附剂，其特征在于，所述步骤2）偶联，包括如下步骤：将纳米氧化铝和玻璃纤维依次添加到反应容器中，搅拌均匀，然后添加钛酸脂偶联剂和丙烯酸，200转/min搅拌10min，再静置30min，即得物料B；其中，纳米氧化铝、玻璃纤维、钛酸脂偶联剂以及丙烯酸的质量比为5:3:2:1。
4.根据权利要求1-3任其一所述的改性吸附剂，其特征在于，所述步骤3）粉碎和研磨，包括如下步骤：将海泡石和沸石依次按照2:1的质量比投入到粉碎机中粉碎处理，然后研磨成10-30目的矿物质粉末；将矿物质粉末、氢氧化钙以及纯化水按照1:3:1的质量比混合搅拌均匀，得到物料C。
5.根据权利要求1-4任其一所述的改性吸附剂，其特征在于，所述步骤4）加热、搅拌和烘干，包括如下步骤：将物料A和物料B混合搅拌均匀，然后置于密闭反应釜中，以20℃/min的升温速率升至120℃，保温30min，取出，投入到搅拌器中，200转/min搅拌5min，再往搅拌器中添加物料C，继续以300转/min搅拌2min，取出混合料，置于烘箱中，60℃烘干2小时，即得；其中，物料A、物料B以及物料C的质量比为10-15:8-12:15-26。
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