CN106266811A - 一种用于改善化学系肝损伤的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种用于改善化学系肝损伤的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于改善化学系肝损伤的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用,属于中药组合物技术领域。该组合物按照重量份数计,包括以下原料:木瓜10~50份,茯苓10~30份,桑椹5~30份,粉葛1~20份,炒酸枣仁5~30份,大枣1~20份,炒山楂5~30份,薄荷1~10份,生麦芽5~30份,菊花1~10份,冰糖1~20份。本发明还提供一种用于改善化学系肝损伤的中药组合物的制备方法。本发明还提供上述中药组合物作为制备治疗化学性肝损伤药物的应用。本发明制备的中药组合物无异味,提取过程主要采用水为溶剂,对人体无毒副作用,治疗效果好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药组合物技术领域,具体涉及一种用于改善化学系肝损伤的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
随着经济的发展,人们的生活水平逐年提高,生活方式多样化,也增加了接触化学物质的几率,人类化学性肝损伤几率呈上升趋势。化学性肝损伤容易发展为肝病。临床药物治疗的同时必须给予适当的营养治疗,以调节肝脏代谢、减轻肝脏负荷、改善肝脏微环境、促进疾病转归。但目前常用的营养制剂仅考虑给予患者常规营养素补充,满足机体基本营养需要,而没有考虑通过营养治疗的方式调节肝细胞功能,促进疾病恢复。研究证实,营养治疗在多种疾病治疗及促进疾病转归中起关键作用。因此,相关产品的开发势在必行。
目前国内外解酒护肝产品主要可分为以下四类:第一类是利尿类化学合成药物,如纳洛酮。纳洛酮为阿片受体特异性拮抗剂,可改善酒精中毒症状,但对慢性酒精性肝病患者的治疗效果较小,且大量使用时临床上会出现恶心呕吐、心律失常、血压升高等现象。第二类是护肝养胃类中药。如清肝活血方、消脂护肝汤、解酒护肝饮等,可通过改善微循环,扩张组织血管增加供氧量,促进尿排泄,达到解酒醒脑的作用。第三类是蛋白肽类,如醒酒肽饮料。其解酒机理是通过升高血液中亮氨酸和丙氨酸的浓度产生稳定的氧化型辅酶Ⅰ,具体解酒机理尚不清楚。第四类是提高酒精代谢相关酶的活性,促进乙醇或乙醛氧化分解。如美国RU21,主要原料是琥珀酸、L-谷氨酰胺、延胡索酸、葡萄糖、抗坏血酸等。
对化学性肝损伤具有辅助保护作用的保健食品,国内现有文献仅对本组合物中的单味原料进行了保肝护肝等方面的报道,未对本组合物及功能及制备方法进行报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用,该中药组合物对人体无毒副作用,治疗效率高。
本发明目的通过以下技术方案实现:
本发明首先提供一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物,按照重量份数计,包括以下原料:
木瓜10~50份,茯苓10~30份,桑椹5~30份,粉葛1~20份,炒酸枣仁5~30份,大枣1~20份,炒山楂5~30份,薄荷1~10份,生麦芽5~30份,菊花1~10份,冰糖1~20份。
优选的是,该中药组合物按照重量份数计,包括以下原料:
木瓜30份,茯苓18份,桑椹10份,粉葛8份,炒酸枣仁10份,大枣6份,炒山楂10份,薄荷2份,生麦芽10份,菊花3份,冰糖6份。
优选的是,所述的粉葛用葛根替代。
优选的是,所述的冰糖用砂糖、蔗糖、乳糖、木糖醇或葡萄糖替代。
本发明还提供一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将木瓜、茯苓、桑椹、粉葛、炒酸枣仁、大枣、炒山楂、薄荷、生麦芽和菊花碎断混合后,加入6-12倍量体积水,煎煮2~3次,每次2~6小时,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度1.03~1.05的清膏,离心10~20分钟,上清液继续浓缩至相对密度为1.30~1.35的浸膏,加入冰糖,即得用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物。
优选的是,所述的离心速度为1000~2000转/分钟。
本发明还提供上述中药组合物作为制备治疗化学性肝损伤药物的应用。
优选的是,所述的化学性肝损伤包括四氯化碳肝损伤模型、急性酒精性肝损伤模型、亚急性酒精性肝损伤模型。
本发明的中药组合物可以添加常用的药用辅料制成药学上可接受的口服制剂如口服汤剂、片剂、胶囊剂或颗粒剂等,且所述口服汤剂、片剂、胶囊剂或颗粒剂均可采用相应种类制剂的常规制备方法来制得。
本发明的药理作用如下:
木瓜的化学成分主要有三萜类化合物、有机酸、木瓜蛋白酶,还含有皂苷类化合物、黄酮类化合物、氨基酸、维生素、矿物质和鞣质等。相关研究表明木瓜的保健功效主要有促进消化、保护肝脏、提高免疫力、抗肿瘤、抗氧化和美容祛斑的作用。
茯苓的化学成分主要有多糖类化合物、三萜类化合物及其酯类化合物,还有树胶、蛋白质、脂肪酸、甾醇等成分。相关研究表明,茯苓的保健功效主要有增强免疫力、降血糖、保护肝脏、改善记忆力、提高缺氧耐受力等作用。
桑椹的化学成分主要含黄酮类化合物,还含有脂类化合物、有机酸、芳香油、磷脂、维生素C、维生素E、维生素B1、维生素B2、无机盐和氨基酸等。相关研究表明,桑椹的保健功效主要有增强免疫力、改善营养性贫血、抗氧化、降血糖、降血脂等作用。
粉葛的化学成分主要有异黄酮、异黄酮苷类,其中葛根素及其衍生物是其特有的生理活性物质,易溶于水。葛根的保健功效主要有保护肝脏、降血压、降血糖、降血脂、增强免疫力、提高缺氧耐受力等作用。
大枣的化学成分主要含三萜皂苷类化合物、黄酮类化合物、有机酸、生物碱等。相关研究表明,大枣的保健功效主要有保护肝脏、增强免疫力、缓解体力疲劳、改善睡眠、改善营养性贫血等。
山楂化学成分主要含有机酸、黄酮类化合物。相关研究表明,山楂的保健功效主要有降血压、降血脂、增强免疫力、抗氧化、促进消化等。
薄荷的新鲜叶中主要含有挥发油类成分,还含有迷迭香酸、咖啡酸及木犀草素等。鲜叶中含1.0%~1.46%的挥发油,薄荷因产地不同,挥发油含量差异很大,有报道,在云南产的野生滇薄荷中含油率仅为0.18%~0.52%。相关研究表明,薄荷的保健功效主要有清咽、抗菌、止痛等作用。
菊花化学成分主要有黄酮类化合物、挥发油。菊花的保健功效主要有增强免疫力、提高缺氧耐受力、缓解视疲劳、降血脂、清咽等作用。
酸枣仁化学成分主要有三萜皂苷类化合物、黄酮类化合物、生物碱和氨基酸等。相关研究表明,酸枣仁的保健功效主要有改善睡眠、增强免疫力、降血脂等。
麦芽的化学成分主要有淀粉水解酶、蛋白分解酶、淀粉、蛋白质、麦芽糖、维生素B、α-生育三烯酚、大麦芽碱A、大麦芽碱B、腺嘌呤、胆碱、甜菜碱、卵磷脂、氨基酸以及细胞色素C等。相关研究表明,麦芽的保健功能主要有促进消化、降血糖、降血脂、增强免疫力等。
冰糖(Crystal sugar)为禾本科甘蔗属植物甘蔗经精制而成的乳白色结晶体,再将其煎炼而成的冰块状结晶,其成分以蔗糖为主,故冰糖是一双糖。冰糖不仅是一种常用的食品甜味剂,而且在中药方剂中占有重要地位。根据中医药理论,冰糖味甘、性平,入肺、脾经;具有补中益气,和胃润肺的功效;冰糖养阴生津,润肺止咳,对肺燥咳嗽、干咳无痰、咯痰带血都有很好的辅助治疗作用;用于肺燥、肺虚、风寒劳累所致的咳喘、小儿疟疾、噤口痢、口疮、风火牙痛等症的治疗。临床应用煎浓汤或含化,多用于食疗。
本发明的有益效果
(1)本发明制备的中药组合物无异味,提取过程主要采用水为溶剂,对人体无毒副作用;
(2)本发明中的原料均为“药食同源”,组方合理,符合中医理论,将其制备成可以直接食用的产品,使用方便,具有良好的市场前景。
(3)本发明的中药组合物,采用3种公认的肝损伤模型进行“对化学性肝损伤具有辅助保护作用”的保健功能的筛选实验,实验结果均为阳性,证明本发明功效明确。
(4)本发明的中医理论:选取酸温之木瓜为君药,具有化湿和胃,养肝通络之功。酸入肝,养肝阴而补肝体,且木瓜化湿和胃之功以助水谷运化而生气血,故《海药本草》记载其:“敛肺和胃,理脾伐肝,化食止渴”。臣以茯苓、酸枣仁、桑椹、葛根,茯苓甘淡而性平,具有健脾渗湿之效,顾护脾胃之时淡渗水湿,《本草正》云其:“能利窍去湿,利窍则开心益智,导浊生津;去湿则逐水燥脾,补中健胃”,以其渗利之性而驱酒毒;酸枣仁补心脾而安心神,以助其眠,故朱丹溪称:“血不归脾而睡卧不宁者,宜用此大补心脾,则血归脾而五藏安和,睡卧自宁”;桑椹甘寒,甘能养阴,寒能清热,故而具有补益肝肾之阴以壮其精,清凉泻火以除酒毒内热之功;葛根甘辛凉,入脾胃经,具有辛散升清,保护脾胃,清热生津的功效,对于酒毒内蕴,胃虚津亏者有补而祛邪的双重功效。佐以炒山楂、生麦芽、薄荷、菊花,炒山楂消食化滞以助解除酒毒;生麦芽甘平以行气消食,助脾胃运化且疏肝解郁,调达肝气;少量薄荷、菊花既可疏肝升阳,又可清利头目,清上降下。大枣、冰糖为佐使药,甘缓调和。诸药同用,养肝健脾,解酒渗湿,宁心安神,为养肝解酒,提高睡眠质量的一剂良方。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细的说明,实施例中涉及到的原料均采用商购获得。
实施例1本发明一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物颗粒剂的制备
按下述重量称取原料(克):
木瓜30克,茯苓18克,桑椹10克,粉葛8克,炒酸枣仁10克,大枣6克,炒山楂10克,薄荷2克,生麦芽10克,菊花3克,冰糖6克。
按上述配方投料,除冰糖外,碎断,混合后加入8倍量体积的水,煎煮3次,每次2小时,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度1.03的清膏,离心(2000转/分钟)10分钟,上清液继续浓缩至相对密度为1.30的浸膏,加入冰糖及制备颗粒剂的辅料(如砂糖、淀粉、糊精、葡萄糖等),制成颗粒剂。
实施例2本发明一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物口服液的制备
按下述重量称取原料(克):
木瓜10克,茯苓10克,桑椹5克,粉葛1克,炒酸枣仁5克,大枣1克,炒山楂5克,薄荷1克,生麦芽5克,菊花1克,冰糖1克。
按上述配方投料,除冰糖外,碎断,混合后加入10倍量体积的水,煎煮3次,每次3小时,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度1.05的清膏,离心(2000转/分钟)20分钟,上清液继续浓缩至相对密度为1.30的浸膏,加入冰糖及制备口服液的辅料(如砂糖、黄原胶、CMC钠、阿斯巴甜等),制成口服液。
实施例3本发明一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物片剂的制备
按下述重量称取原料(克):
木瓜50克,茯苓30克,桑椹30克,粉葛20克,炒酸枣仁30克,大枣20克,炒山楂30克,薄荷10克,生麦芽30克,菊花10克,冰糖20克。
按上述配方投料,除冰糖外,碎断,混合后加入6倍量体积的水,煎煮2次,每次2小时,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度1.04的清膏,离心(2000转/分钟)10分钟,上清液继续浓缩至相对密度为1.35的浸膏,加入冰糖及制备片剂的辅料(如淀粉、硬脂酸镁、乳糖、微晶纤维素、甘露醇等),制成片剂。
实施例4本发明一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物颗粒剂的制备
按下述重量称取原料(克):
木瓜30克,茯苓18克,桑椹10克,葛根8克,炒酸枣仁10克,大枣6克,炒山楂10克,薄荷2克,生麦芽10克,菊花3克,砂糖6克。
按上述配方投料,除冰糖外,碎断,混合后加入8倍量体积的水,煎煮3次,每次2小时,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度1.03的清膏,离心(2000转/分钟)10分钟,上清液继续浓缩至相对密度为1.30的浸膏,加入砂糖及制备颗粒剂的辅料(如砂糖、淀粉、糊精、葡萄糖等),制成颗粒剂。
下面通过具体动物实验来进一步说明本发明中药组合物对化学性肝损伤的辅助保护作用的效果。采用3种动物药理模型分别是四氯化碳肝损伤模型、急性酒精性肝损伤模型、亚急性酒精性肝损伤模型。
1、采用四氯化碳肝损伤模型验证本发明对化学性肝损伤的辅助保护作用。
1.1实验条件
①受试样品:实施例1制得的组合物颗粒,棕色固体,5g/袋,推荐日服用量为每次1袋,每日2次,按60公斤成人体重计算人体推荐日服用量为0.1667g/kg BW。
②剂量:设3.334、1.667、0.8335g/kg BW三个剂量组,为人体推荐服用量的20、10、5倍。另设空白对照组、模型组。剂量如下:
空白对照组0.0g/kg BW。
模型组0.0g/kg BW。
高剂量组3.334g/kg BW,相当于推荐日服量的20倍。
中剂量组1.667g/kg BW,相当于推荐日服量的10倍。
低剂量组0.8335g/kg BW,相当于推荐日服量的5倍。
③受试样品制备:每日称取受试样品50.01g,用纯净水配置成含量为0.1667g/ml的混悬液300ml,作为高剂量组受试样品,然后量取100.0、50.0ml高剂量组受试样品,用纯净水调配至200ml制成中剂量组受试样品和低剂量组受试样品。
④给受试样品途径:各剂量组按每日给1次,每次0.1ml/10g BW灌胃给予受试样品,空白对照组和模型组按同等剂量灌胃给予纯净水。
⑤动物Wistar大鼠,雄性,体重180~220g,购自长春市亿斯实验动物技术有限责任公司;动物等级:SPF级;生产单位动物质量合格证编号为SCXK(吉)-2011-0004。
⑥动物实验室吉林省中医药科学院实验动物室,实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK(吉)2010-0006。室温:22±2℃,相对湿度60~80%。
⑦饲料大鼠颗粒饲料,原料组成:玉米、鱼粉、豆粕、碳酸氢钙、面粉、石粉等组成。生产商:长春市亿斯实验动物技术有限责任公司。生产许可证:SCXK-(吉)2003-0008。
⑧饮用水使用凯弗隆科技有限公司生产的KFL-400纯水机制备的纯净水。
⑨仪器及试剂CS-600B全自动生化分析仪(长春迪瑞实业有限公司),KDC-2046低速冷冻离心机(安徽中科中佳科学仪器有限公司),DNM酶标仪(北京普朗新技术有限公司),752紫外可见分光光度计(上海第三分析仪器厂产品),电子天平(美国双杰兄弟有限公司,T-1000),电子天平(上海越平科学仪器有限公司,JA2003B);四氯化碳(天津市光复科技发展有限公司),植物油(金龙鱼精炼一级大豆油),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)试剂盒(深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司),谷草转氨酶(AST)试剂盒(深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司)。
1.2.试验方法
取在实验室条件下适应3天后的雄性大鼠,按照excel表中随机数法,将大鼠随机分成五组。第一组为正常对照组,灌胃给予10ml/kg蒸馏水;第二组分别为模型组,灌胃给予10ml/kg蒸馏水;第三、四、五组为受试样品高、中、低剂量组,灌胃,每日灌胃给药一次,连续灌胃给药30天,每周称大鼠体重两次,以调整受试样品剂量,于末次给药后大鼠禁食不禁水16小时,除正常对照组外其它各组大鼠均灌胃给予3%四氯化碳植物油溶液5ml/kg BW,24小时后10%水合氯醛麻醉,大鼠腹主动脉采血,2500转/10分钟离心,取上清,用CS-600B全自动生化分析仪,采用酶法测定ALT和AST。取肝脏进行病理组织学检测。
1.3统计统计资料采用SPSS 11.0统计软件包进行统计分析,统计方法采用方差分析和秩和检验。
1.4实验结果
①对受试动物体重的影响:由表1可见,各剂量组与空白对照组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),表明本受试样品对动物体重无影响。
表1组合物对受试动物体重的影响(n=10)
②对受试动物ALT和AST的影响:由表2可见,模型组ALT和AST含量与空白对照组比较升高,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),表明四氯化碳肝损伤模型成立;各剂量组ALT和AST与模型组比较,高、中剂量组差异有显著性(P<0.05、P<0.01及P<0.001),表明ALT、AST结果阳性。
表2组合物对受试动物血清ALT和AST的影响
(注:与模型组比较*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001。)
③对受试动物肝脏病理变化的影响:光镜所见空白对照组大鼠肝小叶结构正常、清晰、细胞排列整齐,大小均匀;模型组大鼠肝细胞明显水肿、气球样变,可见肝细胞索解离;而各受试样品组大部分肝细胞结构完整,排列整齐,肝细胞水肿、气球样变均明显减轻,与模型组相比肝脏病理变化显著改善。
2、采用急性酒精性肝损伤模型验证本发明对化学性肝损伤的辅助保护作用。
2.1实验条件
①受试样品:同1.1。
②剂量:同1.1。
③受试样品制备:同1.1。
④给受试样品途径:同1.1。
⑤动物SPF级昆明种小鼠,雄性,体重18~22g,购自长春生物制品研究所有限责任公司,动物等级:SPF级,生产单位动物许可证号:SCXK(吉)-2011-0003。
⑥动物实验室同1.1。
⑦饲料小鼠颗粒饲料,原料组成:玉米、鱼粉、豆粕、碳酸氢钙、面粉、石粉等组成。生产商:长春市亿斯实验动物技术有限责任公司。生产许可证:SCXK-(吉)2003-0008。
⑧饮用水同1.1。
⑨仪器及试剂CS-600B全自动生化分析仪(长春迪瑞实业有限公司),KDC-2046低速冷冻离心机(安徽中科中佳科学仪器有限公司),DNM酶标仪(北京普朗新技术有限公司),752紫外可见分光光度计(上海第三分析仪器厂产品),电子天平(美国双杰兄弟有限公司,T-1000),电子天平(上海越平科学仪器有限公司,JA2003B);极低密度脂蛋白酶免试剂盒(美国RD生物科学公司)。
2.2试验方法
取在实验室条件下适应3天后的雄性小鼠,按照excel表中随机数法,将小鼠随机分成空白对照组、乙醇对照组及高、中、低三个剂量组,每组10只。三个剂量组每天分别按不同计量灌胃给予受试样品,空白对照组和乙醇对照组按同等剂量灌胃给予纯净水,小鼠每周称重两次,按体重调整给药量,共30天。试验结束时,各剂量组和乙醇对照组以12ml/kgBW剂量一次灌胃给予50%乙醇,空白对照组灌胃给予同等容量纯净水,禁食不禁水16h后,分别给药,给药后1小时,眼静脉采血,全血使用高速冷冻离心机5000r/min离心5min,取上清,用752紫外可见分光光度计,采用比色法测定血清中甘油三酯(TG)含量,用DNM酶标仪,采用ELISA法测定血清中极低密度脂蛋白含量(VLDL)。并取肝脏左叶冰冻切片,苏丹Ⅲ染色,光镜下观察病理变化。
2.3统计统计资料采用SPSS 11.0统计软件包进行统计分析,统计方法采用方差分析和秩和检验。
2.4肝脏镜检评分标准
2.5实验结果
①对受试动物体重的影响:由表3可见,各剂量组与空白对照组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),表明本受试样品对动物体重无影响。
表3组合物对受试动物体重的影响(n=10)
②对受试动物TG和VLDL的影响:由表4可见,模型组TG和VLDL含量与空白对照组比较升高,差异有显著性意义(P<0.001,P<0.05),表明急性酒精性肝损伤模型成立;各剂量组TG和VLDL与模型组比较,高、中剂量组差异有显著性(P<0.05、P<0.01),表明TG和VLDL结果阳性。
表4组合物对受试动物血清TG和VLDL的影响(n=10)
(注:与模型组比较*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001。)
③对受试动物肝脏病理变化的影响:
从肝脏的一端视野开始记录细胞的病理变化,用5倍物镜连续观察整张组织切片。主要观察脂滴在肝脏的分布范围和面积。
评分标准:
对受试动物肝脏病理变化的结果见表5,模型组与空白对照组比较,有明显的肝脏损伤,经统计学检验,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),表明乙醇肝损伤模型成立。高剂量组的肝细胞变性较乙醇对照组减轻,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05),实验动物肝脏病理结果阳性。
表5组合物对受试动物肝脏病理变化的影响(n=10)
(注:与模型组比较*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001。)
3、采用亚急性酒精性肝损伤模型验证本发明对化学性肝损伤的辅助保护作用。
3.1实验条件
①受试样品:同1.1。
②剂量:同1.1。
③受试样品制备:同1.1。
④给受试样品途径:同1.1。
⑤动物Wistar大鼠,雄性,体重180~220g,购自长春市亿斯实验动物技术有限责任公司;动物等级:SPF级;生产单位动物质量合格证编号为SCXK(吉)-2011-0004。
⑥动物实验室同1.1。
⑦饲料大鼠颗粒饲料,原料组成:玉米、鱼粉、豆粕、碳酸氢钙、面粉、石粉等组成。生产商:长春市亿斯实验动物技术有限责任公司。生产许可证:SCXK-(吉)2003-0008。
⑧饮用水同1.1。
⑨仪器及试剂CS-600B全自动生化分析仪(长春迪瑞实业有限公司),KDC-2046低速冷冻离心机(安徽中科中佳科学仪器有限公司),电子天平(美国双杰兄弟有限公司,T-1000),电子天平(上海越平科学仪器有限公司,JA2003B);水合氯醛(沈阳市试剂三厂),胆固醇(CHOL)试剂盒(深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司);低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)试剂(深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司);胆红素(TBIL)试剂盒(深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司)。
3.2试验方法
取在实验室条件下适应3天后的雄性大鼠,按照excel表中随机数法,将大鼠随机分成五组。第一组为正常对照组,灌胃给予10ml/kg蒸馏水;第二组分别为模型组,灌胃给予10ml/kg蒸馏水;第三、四、五组为受试样品高、中、低剂量组,灌胃,每日灌胃给药一次,每周称大鼠体重两次,以调整受试样品剂量,连续灌胃给药30天。模型组和样品组于实验结束前14天每天经口灌胃给予30%乙醇,10ml/kg BW。样品灌胃后间隔4小时以上再给予乙醇。实验结束前禁食4h,经腹腔注射60mg/kg BW的戊巴比妥钠溶液麻醉后,腹主动脉采血,腹主动脉采血,2500转/10分钟离心,取上清,用CS-600B全自动生化分析仪测定血清中胆固醇(CHOL)、血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)、血清中胆红素(TBIL),并取肝组织,进行病理组织学检查。
3.3统计统计资料采用SPSS 11.0统计软件包进行统计分析,统计方法采用方差分析和秩和检验。
3.4实验结果
①对受试动物体重的影响:由表6可见,各剂量组与空白对照组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),表明本受试样品对动物体重无影响。
表6组合物对受试动物体重的影响(n=10)
②对受试动物CHOL、LDL和TBIL的影响:由表7可见,模型组CHOL、LDL和TBIL含量与空白对照组比较升高,差异有显著性意义,表明亚急性酒精性肝损伤模型成立;与模型组比较,中剂量组CHOL、LDL和TBIL差异有显著性意义(P<0.05、P<0.01),高剂量组CHOL、LDL差异有显著性意义(P<0.05),低剂量组LDL差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。综上判定该指标结果阳性。
表7组合物对受试动物血清CHOL、LDL和TBIL的影响(n=10)
(注:与模型组比较*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001。)
③对受试动物肝脏病理变化的影响:
用5倍物镜连续观察整张组织切片,主要观察肝细胞变性(脂肪变性、水样变性、胞浆凝聚、气球样变)、肝细胞坏死和炎症改变等,并同时给予记录。
评分标准:
肝细胞气球样变:
肝细胞脂肪变性:
胞浆凝聚:
水样变性:
炎症改变:
肝细胞坏死:
肝脏病变计分方法
将每只动物肝细胞各种病理变化得分相加,肝细胞坏死评分2倍计入,以总分进行统计分析。每只动物肝脏病变得分=肝细胞变性得分(气球样变得分+脂肪变性得分+胞浆凝聚得分+水样变性得分)×1+肝细胞炎症改变得分×1+肝细胞坏死得分×2
评分结果见表8。
表8组合物对受试动物肝脏病理变化的影响(n=10)
(注:与模型组比较*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001。)
经过以上3种动物实验,说明:采用3种肝损伤动物模型研究本发明对化学性肝损伤的辅助保护作用。受试动物根据实验需要选择Wistar大鼠或昆明种小鼠,均为SPF级。灌胃剂量相当于人体日服推荐量的20、10、5倍,另设空白对照组及模型组,共30天。四氯化碳肝损伤模型实验结果中,ALT和AST结果阳性,肝组织病理结果阳性;急性酒精性肝损伤模型实验结果中,TG和VLDL结果阳性,肝组织病理结果阳性;亚急性酒精性肝损伤模型实验结果中,CHOL、LDL和TBIL结果阳性,肝组织病理结果阳性。
根据卫生部《保健食品检验与评价技术规范(2003版)》及由广东省疾病预防控制中心承担的《对化学性肝损伤有辅助保护功能评价方法(修订稿)》的规定标准综合判断,本发明对化学性肝损伤具有辅助保护作用。本发明保肝效果明显,具有较好的对肝损伤保护作用的开发前景。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物,其特征在于,按照重量份数计,包括以下原料:
木瓜10~50份,茯苓10~30份,桑椹5~30份,粉葛1~20份,炒酸枣仁5~30份,大枣1~20份,炒山楂5~30份,薄荷1~10份,生麦芽5~30份,菊花1~10份,冰糖1~20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物,其特征在于,该中药组合物按照重量份数计,包括以下原料:
木瓜30份,茯苓18份,桑椹10份,粉葛8份,炒酸枣仁10份,大枣6份,炒山楂10份,薄荷2份,生麦芽10份,菊花3份,冰糖6份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述的粉葛用葛根替代。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述的冰糖用砂糖、蔗糖、乳糖、木糖醇或葡萄糖替代。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将木瓜、茯苓、桑椹、粉葛、炒酸枣仁、大枣、炒山楂、薄荷、生麦芽和菊花碎断混合后,加入6-12倍量体积水,煎煮2~3次,每次2~6小时,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度1.03~1.05的清膏,离心10~20分钟,上清液继续浓缩至相对密度为1.30~1.35的浸膏,加入冰糖,即得用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的离心速度为1000~2000转/分钟。
7.权利要求1或2所述的中药组合物作为制备治疗化学性肝损伤药物的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于改善化学性肝损伤的中药组合物的应用,其特征在于,所述的化学性肝损伤包括四氯化碳肝损伤模型、急性酒精性肝损伤模型、亚急性酒精性肝损伤模型。
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