CN106246101A - A kind of boring method of dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock - Google Patents
A kind of boring method of dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN106246101A CN106246101A CN201610842433.0A CN201610842433A CN106246101A CN 106246101 A CN106246101 A CN 106246101A CN 201610842433 A CN201610842433 A CN 201610842433A CN 106246101 A CN106246101 A CN 106246101A
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- dry ice
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- rock
- drilling fluid
- gas
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling, insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/001—Cooling arrangements
Abstract
A kind of boring method of dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock, belong to dry-hot-rock geothermal wellbore construction technical field, use graininess dry ice as drilling fluid particularly to one, heat absorption when making full use of the change of carbon dioxide different phase, cooling drilling tool, produces thermograde, rock mass thermal fracture at drill bit front portion rock mass, cause Rock Nature to weaken, play the effect of auxiliary rock.During dry ice circulation of drilling fluid, its function can be given full play to: (1) cools down, lubricates drill bit；(2) auxiliary rock；(3) cutting carring；(4) borehole wall system stability is maintained.Realize dry ice circulation of drilling fluid to utilize on ground simultaneously.The present invention can solve a difficult problem for drilling well under High Temperature High Pressure, overcome the drilling tool poor stability owing to high temperature and high pressure environment causes, property of drilling fluid is poor, rock stratum drillability is poor, borehole stability is poor, wellbore construction high in cost of production technical barrier, efficiently solves the technical deficiency of dry-hot-rock geothermal exploitation wellbore construction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to dry-hot-rock geothermal wellbore construction technical field, use graininess dry ice as brill particularly to one
Well liquid, absorbs heat generation phase-state change in geothermal drilling is constructed, and reaches to cool down drilling tool purpose, simultaneously at drill bit front portion rock mass
Produce thermograde, cause rock mass thermal fracture to weaken, and then the supercritical carbon dioxide generated under high temperature and high pressure environment is more
It is prone to brokenly the boring method of rock, deslagging, retaining wall, the boring method of a kind of dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock.
Background technology
Underground heat, as green, reproducible resource, is defined as maintaining the new of social sustainable development by countries in the world
" green energy resource ".Dry-hot-rock geothermal generally refers to the geothermal energy resource contained in temperature rock mass more than 200 DEG C, can pass through
Man-made recovery's extracting directly heat from rock mass is used for generating electricity.
In dry-hot-rock geothermal develops, it is necessary first to solution is exactly well drilling and rock crushing technology under High Temperature High Pressure, high temperature
Drilling liquid technology is considered as drilling liquid technology or even the important symbol of drilling technology level height always.In drilling process,
The Main Function of drilling fluid is cooling and lubrication drill bit, carry and suspend landwaste, stabilizing borehole and equilibrium strata pressure, drilling fluid
It is to ensure that one of key technology of drilling well success or failure.Under High Temperature High Pressure, drilling well feature makes it higher for the performance requirement of drilling fluid,
Mainly show themselves in that (1) high temperature resistance is voltage resistance；(2) well drilling and rock crushing is contributed to；(3) to drilling tool non-corrosiveness；(4) to environment without dirt
Dye.
Dry ice is that dry ice cold-storage is the 2 of water-ice at 1 standard atmosphere pressure ,-78.5 DEG C of solid carbon dioxides existed
Times, it is sublimed into carbon dioxide, without any residual, avirulence, free from extraneous odour after absorbing heat.Its simple and convenient, dioxy of making
Change carbon source is sufficient, cost is the lowest.Dry ice has good physical characteristic: volatile, will send out when temperature is higher than-78.5 DEG C
Raw distillation, absorbs heat and is quickly converted to nontoxic, tasteless carbon dioxide；Meanwhile, volume can expand rapidly 600-800
Times, therefore in finite volume, dry ice meets high temperature endothermic can occur the change of phase, and the gaseous carbon dioxide changed into can be to container
Wall produces high pressure, and is likely to occur blast.When the temperature of CO 2 fluid, pressure reach 31.1 DEG C and 7.4MPa, two
Carbon oxide fluid is at supercriticality.Supercritical carbon dioxide has gas and liquid double properties concurrently: density is big, it is common that
The hundred times of gas, is bordering on liquid；Viscosity is low, little two orders of magnitude than liquid viscosity, diffusion coefficient height, about liquid
10-100 times.Therefore stream of supercritical carbon dioxide has low viscosity and easy diffusion, the high density of liquid and the diffluent spy of gas
Property.
Therefore, in High Temperature High Pressure, hypotonicity, fine and close hard dry-heat rock body, carry out wellbore construction, utilize graininess
Dry ice is as drilling fluid, and with in drill bit drilling process, dry ice can absorb heat and physical phase change occurs, and creeps into place's rock temperature fall
Low, in rock mass, produce thermograde, thus produce thermal stress, rock mass generation thermal fracture, Rock Nature weakens, it is simple to drilling tool breaks
Rock.Simultaneously because the heat absorption of graininess dry ice, reduce the temperature of drilling tool, improve stability and the service life of drilling tool.Additionally,
The transformation of physical phase occurs along with the heat absorption of graininess dry ice, and the stream of supercritical carbon dioxide of generation can lubricate drill bit, flat
Weighing apparatus drilling shaft lining stress and crustal stress, the landwaste that drilling tool breaks rock generation simultaneously carries out shaft bottom, keeps shaft bottom cleaning, it is to avoid
Drill bit Repeated Cutting, reduces abrasion, improves brokenly rock speed and efficiency.Dry ice, as drilling fluid, is possible not only to play cooling and bores
Head, deslagging, the effect of retaining wall, and the effect of auxiliary rock can be realized.
Summary of the invention
Being determined by drilling well feature under High Temperature High Pressure and the requirement to property of drilling fluid thereof, conventional drilling fluid cannot meet
The requirement of dry-hot-rock geothermal exploitation drilling well.In order to overcome under High Temperature High Pressure present in wellbore construction owing to High Temperature High Pressure causes
Drilling tool poor stability, drilling fluid high temperature resistant property are poor, rock stratum drillability is poor, borehole stability is poor, wellbore construction high in cost of production skill
Art is not enough, the invention discloses and uses graininess dry ice to carry out the brill of auxiliary rock as drilling fluid in a kind of hot dry rock wellbore construction
Well method.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
The boring method of a kind of dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock: graininess dry ice is as dry-hot-rock geothermal wellbore construction drilling well
Liquid, arrives borehole bottom through drilling rod and drill bit internal passage, and dry ice absorbs heat generation phase in the environment of High Temperature High Pressure
Change, generates supercritical carbon dioxide, reaches to cool down drilling tool purpose, and drill bit front portion rock mass produces thermograde simultaneously, causes rock
Body heat ruptures, and Rock Nature weakens, and plays the effect of auxiliary rock.During dry ice circulation of drilling fluid, give full play to its merit
Can: (1) cools down, lubricates drill bit；(2) auxiliary rock；(3) cutting carring；(4) borehole wall system stability is maintained.Through a series of brills
After well liquid function, cutting carring is returned to ground by the annular space between drilling rod and the borehole wall, then carries out gas solid separation, cooling down,
Regenerate graininess dry ice, be again injected into shaft bottom.Meanwhile, application emission sensing device monitors gas displacement in real time
And take bits situation, and combine the pressure of the drill, drilling speed, be pumped, take the parameters of the carbon dioxide of landwaste, adjust dry ice in good time and bore
Well liquid injection rate, is effectively ensured efficiency of breaking rock and takes the ability of landwaste, it is ensured that each operation is carried out in order, until creeping into destination layer,
Drilling well terminates.
It is embodied as step:
(1) in geothermal discrepancy region, drilling well embodiment is determined according to its geological conditions.
(2) preparation before wellbore construction is completed, as in place etc. in wellhole location, rig.
(3) installing dry ice circulation of drilling fluid and utilize system relevant device, and connect dry ice drilling fluid transfer pipeline, dry ice bores
Well liquid relevant device includes that dry ice drilling fluid high head injection pump, graininess dry ice prepare device, CO2 gas refrigeration heat exchanger, consolidate
Air separation, emission sensing device.
(4) carry out the sealing shroud pipe construction in the range of hot dry rock drilling well top 100-300m, thus ensure carbon dioxide or
The sealing of person's supercritical carbon dioxide gas, it is provided that enough gas pressures maintain wellbore stability.
(5) wellbore construction, in drilling process, graininess dry ice, as drilling fluid, arrives through drilling rod and drill bit internal passage
Reaching borehole bottom, after a series of drilling fluid functions, cutting carring is returned to ground by the annular space between drilling rod and the borehole wall, so
After through solid and gas segregation apparatus, refrigerated heat exchanger, regenerate graininess dry ice, be again injected into shaft bottom, thus reach even
The purpose of continuous circulation.
(6) in drilling process, application emission sensing device is monitored gas displacement in real time and takes bits situation, and combines brill
Pressure, drilling speed, it is pumped, takes the parameters of the carbon dioxide of landwaste, adjust dry ice drilling fluid injection rate in good time, be effectively ensured
Efficiency of breaking rock and the ability taking landwaste, it is ensured that each operation is carried out in order.
(7) according to drilling plan, circulation is carried out successively, until creeping into destination layer, drilling well terminates.
The boring method of above-mentioned a kind of dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock, in described step (4), maintains the super of wellbore stability
Critical CO2 gas pressure PGas≧PGround+PHole, P in formulaGasFor supercritical CO 2 gas pressure, PGroundFor strata pressure at the borehole wall, PHoleFor well
The Pore Pressure of stratum body at wall.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the preparation of (1) graininess dry ice is simple, with low cost, safety
Nontoxic, the carbon dioxide that well head is discharged by the present invention reclaims, it is achieved that recycle；(2) dry ice drilling fluid is utilized to carry out
Auxiliary rock, graininess dry ice is being met high heat rock mass heat absorption, physical phase change is being occurred, causes and creep into rock mass contact surface temperature
Reduce, generation thermograde in rock mass, thus rock mass generation thermal fracture under thermal stress effect, produce minute fissure, weaken
Creep into the mechanical property of rock mass；(3) change of dry ice drilling fluid generation physical phase, can effectively reduce the temperature of drilling tool,
The particularly temperature of drill bit so that the stability of drilling tool is substantially improved, extends, the supercritical titanium dioxide simultaneously generated service life
Carbon stream can play the lubrication to drill bit, and rate of penetration is greatly improved, and makes efficiency of breaking rock be substantially improved；(4) employing is dry
Ice drilling-fluid circulation system, it is achieved thereby that the circulation of carbon dioxide efficiently utilizes and the purpose of protection environment, reduces drilling well and becomes
This.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock drilling process schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that dry ice circulation of drilling fluid utilizes system schematic.
Fig. 3 is dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock mechanism figure.
In figure: 1-overhead traveling crane, 2-travelling block, 3-hook, 4-dry ice drilling fluid control valve, 5-derrick, 6-rotating disk, 7-dry ice
Drilling fluid transfer pipeline, 8-dry ice drilling fluid high head injection pump, 9-graininess dry ice prepares device, 10-CO2Gas refrigeration heat exchange
Device, 11-solid and gas segregation apparatus, 12-cementing concrete ring, 13-sleeve pipe, 14-drilling rod, the 15-borehole wall, 16-drill collar, 17-cutting carring
Supercritical CO2Gas, 18-high-temperature resistant drill bit, 19-graininess dry ice drilling fluid, 20-emission sensing device.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1, the present invention will be further described for Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
In certain dry-hot-rock geothermal developing zone drawn a circle to approve, well and producing well are injected in construction, use graininess to do in work progress
Ice, as the boring method of drilling fluid auxiliary rock, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) according to geological conditions prospecting results, determine injection well and producing well are arranged in degree of depth 2000m, the flower of temperature 200 DEG C
In rock stratum, hilllock, drilling fluid is graininess dry ice, and injection pressure is more than 50MPa.
(2) preparation before wellbore construction is completed, as in place etc. in wellhole location, rig.First according to well group layout side
Case and spacing carry out wellhole location, then carrying out drilling equipment installation.Assemble derrick 5 by operating regulation, including overhead traveling crane 1, move about
The equipment such as coaster 2, major groove 3, dry ice drilling fluid control valve 4, rotating disk 6, dry ice drilling fluid transfer pipeline 7.And choose brill on request
Bar 14, drill collar 16, high-temperature resistant drill bit 18, it is ensured that drilling equipment has certain high-temperature stability.
(3) dry ice circulation of drilling fluid is installed and utilizes system relevant device, and connect dry ice drilling fluid transfer pipeline 7, dry ice
Drilling fluid relevant device includes that dry ice drilling fluid high head injection pump 8, graininess dry ice prepare device 9, CO2Gas refrigeration heat exchanger
10, solid and gas segregation apparatus 11, emission sensing device 20.
(4) carry out the sealing shroud pipe construction in the range of hot dry rock drilling well top 100-300m, thus ensure carbon dioxide or
The sealing of person's supercritical carbon dioxide gas, according to terrane stress situation at 2000m and Pore Pressure size, needs the gas of 60Mpa
Body pressure can maintain wellbore stability.
(5) carrying out wellbore construction, in drilling process, graininess dry ice is as drilling fluid, in drilling rod 14 and drill bit 18
Portion's passage arrives borehole bottom, and after a series of drilling fluid functions, cutting carring is empty by the annular between drilling rod 14 and the borehole wall 15
Between return ground, be then passed through solid and gas segregation apparatus 11, CO2Gas refrigeration heat exchanger 10, in graininess dry ice prepares device 9
Regenerate graininess dry ice, be again injected into shaft bottom, thus reach the purpose circulated continuously.In dry ice circulation of drilling fluid mistake
Journey plays following effect: 1. cool down, lubricate drill bit；2. auxiliary rock；3. cutting carring；4. borehole wall system stability is maintained.
(6) in drilling process, application emission sensing device 20 is monitored gas displacement in real time and takes bits situation, and combines brill
Pressure, drilling speed, it is pumped, takes the parameters of the carbon dioxide of landwaste, adjust dry ice drilling fluid injection rate in good time, be effectively ensured
Efficiency of breaking rock and the ability taking landwaste, it is ensured that each operation is carried out in order.
(7) according to drilling plan, circulation is carried out successively, until creeping into destination layer, drilling well terminates.
Fig. 2 is that dry ice circulation of drilling fluid utilizes system schematic, and in figure, dry ice drilling fluid high head injection pump 8, graininess are done
Ice prepares device 9, CO2Gas refrigeration heat exchanger 10, solid and gas segregation apparatus 11, emission sensing device 20 are sequentially connected with, and dry ice bores
Well liquid high head injection pump 8 is connected by dry ice drilling fluid control valve 4 and dry ice drilling fluid transfer pipeline 7, emission sensing device 20
Entrance be connected with wellhead sealing.
Fig. 3 is dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock mechanism figure, and its mechanism is that dry ice heat absorption makes drill bit front portion rock mass produce temperature
Gradient, rock mass generation thermal fracture, mechanical property deteriorates, thus plays the function of auxiliary rock.
Claims (2)
1. the boring method of a dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock, it is characterised in that graininess dry ice is bored as dry-hot-rock geothermal
Well construction drilling fluid, dry ice absorbs heat generation phase-state change in the environment of High Temperature High Pressure, reaches to cool down drilling tool purpose, with
Time produce thermograde at drill bit front portion rock mass, cause rock mass thermal fracture, Rock Nature weakens, and plays the effect of auxiliary rock,
Meanwhile, dry ice drilling fluid gives full play to its function: (1) cools down, lubricates drill bit；(2) cutting carring；(3) maintain borehole wall system steady
Qualitative；
Being embodied as step is:
(1) at the area of geothermal anomaly as the case may be, preparation is carried out after determining drilling well embodiment, such as field survey, well
Hole positions, rig is in place；
(2) installing dry ice circulation of drilling fluid and utilize system relevant device, and connect dry ice drilling fluid transfer pipeline (7), dry ice bores
Well liquid relevant device includes that dry ice drilling fluid high head injection pump (8), graininess dry ice prepare device (9), CO2Gas refrigeration heat exchange
Device (10), solid and gas segregation apparatus (11), emission sensing device (20)；
(3) carry out the sealing shroud pipe construction in the range of hot dry rock drilling well top 100-300m, thus ensure carbon dioxide or surpass
The sealing of supercritical carbon dioxide gas, it is provided that enough gas pressures maintain wellbore stability；
(4) according to drilling plan, carrying out drilling well, in drilling process, graininess dry ice, as drilling fluid, through drilling rod (14), bores
Quickly (16) and drill bit (18) inner passage arrive borehole bottom, and after a series of drilling fluid functions, cutting carring is by drilling rod and well
Annular space between wall returns to ground, is then passed through solid and gas segregation apparatus (11), refrigerated heat exchanger (10), at graininess dry ice
Prepare in device (9) and regenerate dry ice, be again injected into shaft bottom, thus reach the purpose circulated continuously；
(5) in drilling process, application emission sensing device (20) is monitored gas displacement in real time and takes bits situation, and combines brill
Pressure, drilling speed, it is pumped, takes the parameters of the carbon dioxide of landwaste, adjust dry ice drilling fluid injection rate in good time, be effectively ensured
Efficiency of breaking rock and the ability taking landwaste, it is ensured that each operation is carried out in order；
(6) according to drilling plan, circulation is carried out successively, until creeping into destination layer, drilling well terminates.
2. according to the boring method of a kind of dry ice drilling fluid auxiliary rock described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step
(3), in, the supercritical CO of wellbore stability is maintained2Gas pressure PGas≧PGround+PHole, P in formulaGasFor supercritical CO 2 gas pressure, PGround
For strata pressure at the borehole wall, PHoleFor the Pore Pressure of stratum body at the borehole wall.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107448246A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-08 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine generators |
| CN108590512A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of flammable ice-cold drilling method and device |
| CN111416169A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-07-14 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Device for charged crushing and electrolyte recovery of waste power lithium battery |
| CN111980651A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Horizontal well low-temperature fluid graded fracturing method |
| US20220003459A1 (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-06 | Eavor Technologies Inc. | Method for configuring wellbores in a geologic formation |
| CN113899537A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-07 | 西南石油大学 | Rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit |
| WO2022043947A1 (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-03 | Eavor Technologies Inc. | Cooling for geothermal well drilling |
| CN114371257A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 成都汇能恒源科技有限公司 | Indoor evaluation method for carbon dioxide pollution of drilling fluid |
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| CN104563974A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Supercritical carbon dioxide jet injection drilling exploitation hydrate device and method |
| CN105625946A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Coalbed methane horizontal well supercritical CO2 jet flow cavity construction and multi-segment synchronous deflagration fracturing method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107448246A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-08 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine generators |
| CN108590512A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of flammable ice-cold drilling method and device |
| CN108590512B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2023-10-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Combustible ice-cold drilling method and device |
| CN111416169A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-07-14 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Device for charged crushing and electrolyte recovery of waste power lithium battery |
| US20220003459A1 (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-06 | Eavor Technologies Inc. | Method for configuring wellbores in a geologic formation |
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| CN111980651A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Horizontal well low-temperature fluid graded fracturing method |
| WO2022043947A1 (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-03 | Eavor Technologies Inc. | Cooling for geothermal well drilling |
| CN113899537A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-07 | 西南石油大学 | Rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit |
| CN113899537B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2024-03-08 | 西南石油大学 | Rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit |
| CN114371257A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 成都汇能恒源科技有限公司 | Indoor evaluation method for carbon dioxide pollution of drilling fluid |
| CN114371257B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-11-24 | 成都汇能恒源科技有限公司 | Indoor evaluation method for pollution of drilling fluid by carbon dioxide |
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