CN113899537A - Rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit - Google Patents
Rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113899537A CN113899537A CN202111057952.3A CN202111057952A CN113899537A CN 113899537 A CN113899537 A CN 113899537A CN 202111057952 A CN202111057952 A CN 202111057952A CN 113899537 A CN113899537 A CN 113899537A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
- E21B3/022—Top drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
- E21B7/15—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling of electrically generated heat
Abstract
The invention provides a rock breaking and drilling experimental device and method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit. The motor directly drives the rotary table to drive the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit to rotate, and rock breaking is achieved through the composite action of mechanical and high-voltage electric pulses. The device can simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure environment in deep stratum drilling, and realize experimental research on the influence of temperature, high-voltage pulse power supply parameters, PDC drill bit parameters of the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit, electrode shapes, electrode distribution, electrode spacing, electrode materials, spacing between the PDC drill bit and the electrode drill bit and the like on the rock breaking efficiency in the drilling operation of deep wells and ultra-deep wells, and the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking has huge development potential.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit.
Background
China is the largest country with large energy production and energy consumption, but autonomous supply capacity of petroleum, natural gas and the like is insufficient, and through high-speed development for many years, most of shallow stratum resources in China are developed, while a large amount of oil and gas resources and inexhaustible geothermal energy exist in deep strata, so that development of deep stratum resources is urgent for maintaining high-speed development of economy and guaranteeing national energy safety.
Deep stratum resources exist in a high-temperature and high-pressure geological environment, and can be mined only by drilling unconventional wells such as deep wells, ultra-deep wells and the like, and the following problems can exist when the conventional mechanical rotary drilling is simply adopted: drilling deep wells and ultra-deep wells has complex geological conditions, low drilling efficiency and easy drilling accidents; the rock breaking tool is influenced by high temperature and driving power, and the performance and the application range of the rock breaking tool are greatly influenced; along with the increase of the drilling depth, the well wall quality can not be guaranteed, the well deviation can be generally increased, a lot of difficulties are brought to the drilling construction, and the construction difficulty is increased. The traditional drilling mode has low efficiency and high drilling cost, so a new rock breaking technology needs to be developed.
The high-voltage electric pulse is utilized to crush the rock, and the method has the advantages of high rock crushing efficiency, low drilling cost and the like for drilling deep wells and ultra-deep wells, and is a rock crushing mode which has great development potential and is close to industrialization so far. Scholars at home and abroad carry out extensive research on high-voltage electric pulse rock breaking, and various rock breaking drill bits are designed, so that a good rock breaking effect is achieved. However, the research on the composite rock breaking combining the traditional rotary drilling and electric pulse rock breaking technologies is few, the PDC drill parameters of the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit, the electrode material of the electrode drill bit, the electrode spacing, the electrode geometry and the high-voltage pulse power supply parameters have great influence on the rock breaking efficiency and the energy loss, and the research on the composite rock breaking can greatly promote the development of the high-voltage electric pulse rock breaking technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above engineering background, the invention provides a rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit on the basis of an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit provided in the earlier-applied chinese patent 202011488801.9 of the applicant and a cable connection device between the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit and a drilling tool provided in the chinese patent 202110825292.2, so as to realize experimental research on the influence of high-voltage pulse power supply parameters, PDC drill bit parameters of the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit, electrode shapes of electrode drill bits, electrode distribution, electrode spacing, electrode materials, spacing between the PDC drill bit and the electrode drill bit and the like on rock breaking efficiency in a high-voltage stratum environment.
In order to realize the research, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rock breaking drilling experiment device for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized by comprising a sealing joint fixedly connected with a cable and a drilling fluid pipe, wherein a sealing rotator is connected below the sealing joint, and the sealing rotator is fixed on the upper end surface of an upper rack and fixedly connected with a kelly bar; the drilling rod is fixedly connected below the kelly bar, a cable connecting device is connected below the drilling rod, and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is fixedly connected below the cable connecting device; the motor directly drives the rotary table to drive the kelly bar to rotate, and further drives the drill bar and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit to rotate; the motor direct-drive turntable is fixed on the upper end surface of the middle rack, the lower end surface of the upper rack is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the middle rack, and the upper end surface of the base is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the middle rack; the confining pressure cylinder is fixed inside the rock breaking cylinder, and the rock breaking cylinder is fixedly connected with the lifting platform; the lifting platform is arranged at the center of the base, and the lower end of the lifting platform is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder; the drilling fluid pipe is connected with a drilling fluid pump, and the drilling fluid pump is connected with a drilling fluid cylinder; the cable is connected with a high-voltage pulse power supply.
Furthermore, the outer ring of the sealed rotator is fixedly connected with the sealed joint and the upper rack, and the inner ring of the sealed rotator is connected with the kelly bar, so that dynamic sealing is realized in the working process, and the normal circulation of drilling fluid is ensured; the lifting platform is provided with a plurality of T-shaped grooves for fixing the rock breaking cylinder.
And furthermore, a force sensor is arranged between the inner ring of the sealed rotator and the kelly bar and used for monitoring and feeding back the bit pressure to the control console, and parameters are adjusted through a touch screen of the control console so as to obtain stable bit pressure.
Furthermore, a heater is installed on the drilling fluid cylinder, parameters are set through a touch screen of the control console, and the drilling fluid can be heated to 400 ℃ at most, so that the real high temperature at the bottom of the well is simulated.
Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse power supply can adjust parameters such as working voltage, frequency, pulse width and the like through the control screen; in addition, the high-voltage pulse power supply is also provided with a PLC button for converting the circuit structure and realizing the sudden stop of the device.
Furthermore, a front baffle door is arranged in front of the middle rack and the base, a rear baffle door is arranged behind the middle rack and the base, and high-temperature-resistant heat insulation materials are adopted on the surfaces of the front baffle door and the rear baffle door and are used for blocking high-temperature liquid and rock debris splashed in the experiment process, so that the safety of an operator is ensured.
Furthermore, the rock sample is fixed inside the surrounding pressure cylinder, and the surrounding pressure pump conveys hydraulic oil to the surrounding pressure cylinder through an oil pipe so as to realize the simulation of a high-pressure environment; in the process of a rock breaking drilling experiment, the surrounding pressure cylinder and the rock sample are completely immersed by the drilling fluid in the rock breaking cylinder; compared with a confining pressure cylinder, the rock breaking cylinder has larger inner diameter and higher height, and a backflow hole is formed at the position close to the bottom of the rock breaking cylinder; the back flow is connected with the return port, and return port department installs the filter screen, blocks the detritus and is in the broken rock jar, back flow end connection velocity of flow governing valve for adjust drilling fluid velocity of flow, velocity of flow governing valve and well drilling fluid jar link firmly.
Further, the drilling fluid pump sends the drilling fluid from the drilling fluid cylinder to the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit through a drilling fluid pipe, then the drilling fluid enters the rock breaking cylinder, and the drilling fluid in the rock breaking cylinder flows back into the drilling fluid cylinder through a return pipe connected with the rock breaking cylinder to complete the circulation of the drilling fluid; the drilling fluid contained in the drilling fluid cylinder can be various fluids such as distilled water, tap water, brine, various oils and slurries and the like.
Further, the control console is connected with the motor direct-drive turntable, the confining pressure pump, the hydraulic cylinder, the drilling fluid pump and the heater through cables; the control console is provided with a control console touch screen and a control console emergency stop button, the control console touch screen can directly control the rotating speed of the motor direct-drive turntable so as to realize different rotating speeds of the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit and control the lifting distance and the speed of the hydraulic cylinder, so as to simulate the drilling depth and the drilling speed, control the power of the confining pressure pump, simulate different formation pressures, control the rotating speed of the drilling liquid pump, control the circulating speed of the drilling liquid and control the power of the heater, and enable the drilling liquid to reach the temperature of experimental design; the emergency stop button of the control console can realize the emergency stop operation of the motor direct-drive turntable, the confining pressure pump, the hydraulic cylinder, the drilling fluid pump and the heater.
The invention is characterized in that:
1. the formation pressure in deep well and ultra-deep well drilling operation can be simulated really;
2. the drilling fluid can be prepared from various liquid media such as distilled water, tap water, salt water, various oils, mud and the like, and can be heated to 400 ℃, so that the bottom hole temperature can be simulated really, and the influence of the temperature on the electric pulse and the liquid property on the electric pulse rock breaking efficiency can be discussed;
3. the complete circulation of the drilling fluid can be realized, and the drilling fluid is close to the real drilling process;
4. the working voltage, frequency, pulse width and other parameters of the high-voltage pulse power supply can be adjusted;
5. the drill bit can be adjusted in weight and speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling experimental device of an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a main body of the experimental apparatus;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the drilling process.
In the above figures: 1. a cable; 2. a kelly bar; 3. the motor directly drives the turntable; 4. a drill stem; 5. an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit; 6. breaking a rock cylinder; 601. a filter screen; 602. drilling fluid; 603. a return orifice; 7. a console; 701. a console touch screen; 702. a console emergency stop button; 8. a high voltage pulse power supply; 801, a PLC button; 802. a control screen; 9. a confining pressure pump; 10. a lifting platform; 11. a hydraulic cylinder; 12. a drilling fluid pump; 13. a drilling fluid cylinder; 1301. a heater; 14. a return pipe; 1401. a flow rate regulating valve; 15. a base; 16. enclosing a pressure cylinder; 1601 a rock sample; 1602. hydraulic oil; 17. a cable connection device; 18 a middle rack; 19. an upper rack; 20. a seal rotator; 21. sealing the joint; 22. a drilling fluid pipe; 23. a front bulkhead door; 24. a tailgate door.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, in which words such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are used herein only for convenience of description of the drawings, and do not limit the direction in which they are actually used, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.
The invention relates to a rock breaking and drilling experimental device and method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit, which are based on an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit proposed in Chinese patent 202011488801.9 previously applied by the applicant and a cable connecting device between the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit and a drilling tool proposed in Chinese patent 202110825292.2, and the experimental device is specially designed for researching PDC drill bit parameters of the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit and electrode materials, electrode spacing, electrode geometric shapes and the like of the electrode drill bit under a high-pressure stratum environment, and comprises a sealing joint 21 fixedly connected with a cable 1 and a drilling fluid pipe 21, wherein a sealing rotator 20 is connected with the lower sealing joint 21, and the sealing rotator 20 is fixed at the upper end of an upper rack 19 and fixedly connected with a kelly 2; a drill rod 4 is fixedly connected below the kelly bar 2, a cable connecting device 17 is connected below the drill rod 4, and an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 is fixedly connected below the cable connecting device 17; the motor directly drives the rotary table 3 to drive the kelly bar 2 to rotate, and further drives the drill bar 4 and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 to rotate; the motor direct-drive turntable 3 is fixed at the upper end of the middle rack 18, the lower end of the upper rack 19 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the middle rack 18, and the upper end of the base 15 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the middle rack 18; the surrounding pressure cylinder 16 is fixed inside the rock breaking cylinder 6, and the rock breaking cylinder 6 is fixedly connected with the lifting platform 10; the lifting platform 10 is arranged at the central part of the base 15, and the lower end of the lifting platform is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder 11; the drilling fluid pipe 21 is connected with a drilling fluid pump 12, and the drilling fluid pump 12 is connected with a drilling fluid cylinder 13; the cable 1 is connected with a high-voltage pulse power supply 8.
A rock breaking drilling experiment method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit comprises the following steps:
s1, opening a front baffle door 23 and a rear baffle door 24, detaching a return pipe 14 from a rock breaking cylinder 6, and then detaching and moving the rock breaking cylinder 6 and a confining pressure cylinder 16 from a lifting platform 10;
s2, installing a rock sample 1601 in the confining pressure cylinder 16, fixing the rock breaking cylinder 6 and the confining pressure cylinder 16 again through a T-shaped groove on the lifting platform 10, and installing the return pipe 14 on the rock breaking cylinder 6;
s3, heating the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid cylinder 13 to a preset temperature through a heater 1301, closing a flow rate adjusting valve 1401, starting a drilling fluid pump 12 through a console touch screen 701, sending the drilling fluid from the drilling fluid cylinder 13 to the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 through a drilling fluid pipe 22 by the drilling fluid pump 12, enabling the drilling fluid to reach the upper surface of the rock sample 1601, then enabling the drilling fluid to enter the rock breaking cylinder 6, and ensuring that the surrounding pressure cylinder 16, the rock sample 1601 and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 can be completely submerged by the introduced drilling fluid;
s4, adjusting the confining pressure pump 9 through the control console touch screen 701 to enable the rock sample 1601 to reach the stratum pressure required by the experiment;
s5, opening the parallel flow speed adjusting valve 1401, returning the drilling fluid entering the rock breaking cylinder 6 to the drilling fluid cylinder 13 through a return pipe 14 connected with the rock breaking cylinder 6, and adjusting the power of a drilling fluid pump 12 through a control console touch screen 701 to enable the drilling fluid to flush rock debris generated in the experimental process and to be capable of completely circulating;
s6, after the preparation of work before the experiment is finished, turning on the high-voltage pulse power supply 8, adjusting parameters such as voltage and frequency, adjusting the lifting platform 10 to enable the lifting platform to start to ascend, adjusting the suitable bit pressure through the reading of the force sensor 25 when the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 starts to contact the rock sample, and closing the front baffle door 23 and the rear baffle door 24;
s7, starting the motor to directly drive the turntable 3 through the control console 7, enabling the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 to start to rotate at the speed designed by the experiment, and simultaneously enabling the high-voltage pulse power supply 8 to start to work, the lifting platform 10 to ascend and start to drill in the experiment;
s8, observing and recording the rising height of the lifting platform 10 to obtain the drilling depth, controlling the lifting platform 10 to descend to the lowest height through the control platform 7 when the experimental design depth is reached, and then turning off the motor direct-drive turntable 3, the high-voltage pulse power supply 8, the confining pressure pump 9, the drilling fluid pump 12 and the heater 1301;
s9, opening the front baffle door 23 and the rear baffle door 24, taking out the rock breaking cylinder 6, and taking out the rock sample 1601 and rock debris after the experiment;
s10, cleaning the whole experimental device, and installing all the components back to the original positions;
and S11, repeating the steps 1-10 in a new round of experiment.
The invention relates to a rock breaking and drilling experimental device and method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit, which can simulate a high-temperature and high-pressure environment in deep stratum drilling, and realize experimental research on the influence of temperature, high-voltage pulse power supply parameters, PDC drill bit parameters of the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit, electrode shapes of an electrode drill bit, electrode distribution, electrode spacing, electrode materials, spacing between the PDC drill bit and the electrode drill bit and the like on rock breaking efficiency in deep well and ultra-deep well drilling operation, and the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking has huge development potential.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The rock breaking and drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized by comprising a sealing joint (21) fixedly connected with a cable (1) and a drilling fluid pipe (22), wherein a sealing rotator (20) is connected below the sealing joint (21), and the sealing rotator (20) is fixed on the upper end surface of an upper rack (19) and fixedly connected with a kelly bar (2); the drilling rod (4) is fixedly connected below the kelly bar (2), a cable connecting device (17) is connected below the drilling rod (4), and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) is fixedly connected below the cable connecting device (17); the motor directly drives the rotary table (3) to drive the kelly bar (2) to rotate, and further drives the drill bar (4) and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) to rotate; the motor direct-drive turntable (3) is fixed on the upper end face of the middle rack (18), the lower end face of the upper rack (19) is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the middle rack (18), and the upper end face of the base (15) is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the middle rack (18); the surrounding pressure cylinder (16) is fixed inside the rock breaking cylinder (6), and the rock breaking cylinder (6) is fixedly connected with the lifting platform (10); the lifting platform (10) is arranged at the central part of the base (15), and the lower end of the lifting platform is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder (11); the drilling liquid pipe (22) is connected with a drilling liquid pump (12), and the drilling liquid pump (12) is connected with a drilling liquid cylinder (13); the cable (1) is connected with a high-voltage pulse power supply (8).
2. The rock breaking and drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized in that the outer ring of the sealing rotator (20) is fixedly connected with the sealing joint (21) and the upper rack (19), the inner ring of the sealing rotator (20) is connected with the kelly bar (2), dynamic sealing is realized in the working process, and the normal circulation of drilling fluid is ensured; the lifting platform (10) is provided with a plurality of T-shaped grooves for fixing the rock breaking cylinder (6).
3. The rock breaking drilling experiment device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized in that a force sensor (25) is arranged between the inner ring of the sealing rotator (20) and the kelly bar (2) and used for monitoring and feeding back the bit pressure to the control console (7), and parameters are adjusted through a control console touch screen (701) on the control console (7) so as to obtain stable bit pressure.
4. The rock breaking and drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized in that a heater (1301) is installed on the drilling fluid cylinder (13), parameters are set through a control console touch screen (701), and the drilling fluid can be heated to 400 ℃ at most, so that the real high temperature at the bottom of a well is simulated.
5. The rock breaking and drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized in that the high-voltage pulse power supply (8) can adjust parameters such as working voltage, frequency and pulse width through a control screen (802); in addition, the high-voltage pulse power supply (8) is also provided with a PLC button (801) for converting the circuit structure and realizing the emergency stop of the device.
6. The rock breaking and drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized in that a front baffle door (23) is installed in front of the middle rack (18) and the base (15), a rear baffle door (24) is installed behind the middle rack and the base, and high-temperature-resistant heat insulation materials are adopted on the surfaces of the front baffle door (23) and the rear baffle door (24) and used for blocking high-temperature liquid and rock debris splashed in the experimental process, so that the safety of an operator is guaranteed.
7. The rock breaking and drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized in that a rock sample (1601) is fixed inside the surrounding pressure cylinder (16), and the surrounding pressure pump (9) conveys hydraulic oil to the surrounding pressure cylinder (16) through an oil pipe so as to realize simulation of a high-pressure environment; in the process of a rock breaking drilling experiment, the surrounding pressure cylinder (16) and the rock sample (1601) are completely immersed by the drilling fluid in the rock breaking cylinder (6); compared with a confining pressure cylinder (16), the rock breaking cylinder (6) is larger in inner diameter and higher in height, a backflow hole (603) is formed in the position close to the bottom of the rock breaking cylinder (6), a backflow pipe (14) is connected with the backflow hole (603), a filter screen (601) is installed at the backflow hole, rock debris is blocked in the rock breaking cylinder (6), and the tail end of the backflow pipe (14) is connected with a flow rate regulating valve (1401) and used for regulating the backflow speed of drilling fluid; the flow rate regulating valve (1401) is fixedly connected with a drilling fluid cylinder (13).
8. The rock breaking drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized in that the drilling fluid pump (12) sends the drilling fluid from the drilling fluid cylinder (13) to the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) through a drilling fluid pipe (22) so that the drilling fluid enters the rock breaking cylinder (6), and the drilling fluid in the rock breaking cylinder (6) returns to the drilling fluid cylinder (13) through a return pipe (14) connected with the rock breaking cylinder (6) so as to complete the circulation of the drilling fluid; the drilling fluid contained in the drilling fluid cylinder (13) can be various fluids, such as distilled water, tap water, brine, various oils and mud, and the like.
9. The rock breaking and drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized in that the control console (7) is connected with the motor direct-drive turntable (3), the confining pressure pump (9), the hydraulic cylinder (11), the drilling fluid pump (12) and the heater (1301) through cables; the control console (7) is provided with a control console touch screen (701) and a control console emergency stop button (702), the control console touch screen (701) can directly control the rotating speed of the motor direct-drive turntable (3) so as to realize different rotating speeds of the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) and control the lifting height and speed of the hydraulic cylinder (11), so as to simulate the drilling depth and the drilling speed, control the power of the confining pressure pump (9), simulate different formation pressures, control the rotating speed of the drilling liquid pump (12), control the circulating speed of the drilling liquid and control the power of the heater (1301), and enable the drilling liquid to reach the temperature of experimental design; the console emergency stop button (702) can realize emergency stop operation of the motor direct drive turntable (3), the confining pressure pump (9), the hydraulic cylinder (11), the drilling fluid pump (12) and the heater (1301).
10. A rock breaking drilling experiment method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, opening a front baffle door (23) and a rear baffle door (24), detaching a return pipe (14) from a rock breaking cylinder (6), and then detaching and moving the rock breaking cylinder (6) and a confining pressure cylinder (16) from a lifting platform (10);
s2, installing a rock sample (1601) in the confining pressure cylinder (16), fixing the rock breaking cylinder (6) and the confining pressure cylinder (16) again through a T-shaped groove on the lifting platform (10), and installing a return pipe (14) on the rock breaking cylinder (6);
s3, heating the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid cylinder (13) to a preset temperature through a heater (1301), closing a flow rate adjusting valve (1401), starting a drilling fluid pump (12) through a control console touch screen (701), sending the drilling fluid from the drilling fluid cylinder (13) to an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) through a drilling fluid pipe (22) by the drilling fluid pump (12), enabling the drilling fluid to reach the upper surface of a rock sample (1601), then enabling the drilling fluid to enter a rock breaking cylinder (6), and ensuring that the surrounding hydraulic cylinder (16), the rock sample (1601) and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) can be completely submerged by the introduced drilling fluid;
s4, adjusting the confining pressure pump (9) through the control console touch screen (701) to enable the rock sample (1602) to reach the stratum pressure required by the experiment;
s5, opening the parallel flow speed adjusting valve (1401), enabling the drilling fluid entering the rock breaking cylinder (6) to flow back to the drilling fluid cylinder (13) through a return pipe (14) connected with the rock breaking cylinder (6), and adjusting the power of a drilling fluid pump (12) through a console touch screen (701) to enable the drilling fluid to flush rock debris generated in the experimental process and to be capable of circulating completely;
s6, after work preparation before an experiment is finished, turning on a high-voltage pulse power supply (8), adjusting parameters such as voltage and frequency, adjusting a lifting table (10) to enable the lifting table to start to ascend, adjusting to a proper drilling pressure through reading of a force sensor (25) when an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) starts to contact a rock sample, and closing a front baffle door (23) and a rear baffle door (24);
s7, turning on the motor to directly drive the turntable (3) through the control console (7), enabling the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) to start to rotate at the speed designed by the experiment, enabling the high-voltage pulse power supply (8) to start to work, enabling the lifting platform (10) to ascend, and starting to drill into the experiment;
s8, observing and recording the rising height of the lifting platform (10), obtaining the drilling depth, controlling the lifting platform (10) to descend to the lowest height through the control platform (7) when the experimental design depth is reached, and then turning off the motor direct drive turntable (3), the high-voltage pulse power supply (8), the confining pressure pump (9), the drilling liquid pump (12) and the heater (1301);
s9, opening a front baffle door (23) and a rear baffle door (24), taking out the rock breaking cylinder (6), and taking out a rock sample (1601) and rock debris after the experiment;
s10, cleaning the whole experimental device, and installing all the components back to the original positions;
and S11, repeating the steps 1-10 in a new round of experiment.
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