CN113187405A - Hydraulic drive multidimensional plasma combined drill bit and drilling method thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic drive multidimensional plasma combined drill bit and drilling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113187405A CN113187405A CN202110613683.8A CN202110613683A CN113187405A CN 113187405 A CN113187405 A CN 113187405A CN 202110613683 A CN202110613683 A CN 202110613683A CN 113187405 A CN113187405 A CN 113187405A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000668842 Lepidosaphes gloverii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/04—Electric drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
- E21B7/15—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling of electrically generated heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1846—Rotary generators structurally associated with wheels or associated parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic drive multidimensional plasma combined drill bit and a drilling method thereof, wherein the hydraulic drive multidimensional plasma combined drill bit comprises a drill rod, a drill bit, a plasma turntable gear, a plurality of plasma devices, a mechanical cutting gear and a generator, wherein a slurry turbine is arranged in the drill rod, and the bottom of the slurry turbine is connected with the generator; the bottom of the cylinder body at the outer edge of the turbine blade is fixedly connected with a rotary table switch, the rotary table switch is provided with a plurality of discharge switches along the circumferential direction, each discharge switch extends into an annular slide rail, a pair of cables also extends into the annular slide rail, and the end parts of the pair of cables are provided with switch electric brushes; the lower end of the rotary table switch is welded with an upper gear, the lower portion of the upper gear is meshed with two connecting gears, the two connecting gears respectively and coaxially fix a plasma rotary table gear and a mechanical cutting gear, and the plasma rotary table gear and the mechanical cutting gear are exposed from the bottom of the drill bit respectively. The mechanical cutting and plasma impact combined rock breaking method improves the rock breaking speed.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a hydraulic drive multidimensional plasma combined drill bit and a drilling method thereof.
Background art:
along with the exhaustion of surface oil gas resources, the well depth continuously extends to the deep layer, and the rock breaking difficulty is increased. In deep wells and ultra-deep wells, the hardness of rocks is high, the mechanical rotating speed is slow, and the drilling cost is high. A plurality of scientific researchers find that the plasma pulse rock breaking technology can efficiently break rocks, and has the advantages of no pollution, no flying rocks and the like. The plasma pulse rock breaking technology is one of the important development directions of future drilling technology. At present, the technology is lack of a reliable plasma power supply device, and most of plasma drill bits are supplied with power in a remote power transmission mode, so that the drilling cost is greatly increased. For the situation, the design of a hydraulic drive multi-dimensional plasma combined drill bit and a drilling method are obviously needed.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a hydraulic drive multidimensional plasma combined drill bit, which is used for solving the problem that the drilling cost is greatly increased because most conventional plasma drill bits use a remote power transmission mode for power supply; it is another object of the present invention to provide a method of drilling such a hydraulically driven multi-dimensional plasma combination drill bit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the hydraulically-driven multidimensional plasma combined drill bit comprises a drill rod, a drill bit, cutting teeth, a plasma turntable gear, a plurality of plasma devices, a mechanical cutting gear, a slurry turbine and a generator, wherein the slurry turbine is arranged in the drill rod, the bottom of the slurry turbine is connected with the generator, an energy storage cabin is arranged on the right lower side of the generator, the generator is connected with a cable, the cable extends into the energy storage cabin, a rechargeable battery, an energy storage capacitor and a fly-wheel diode are arranged in the energy storage cabin, and two pairs of cables extend downwards from the bottom of the energy storage cabin; the bottom of a cylinder body at the outer edge of a turbine blade is fixedly connected with a rotary table switch, the rotary table switch is provided with a plurality of discharge switches along the circumferential direction, each discharge switch extends into an annular slide rail, a pair of cables from the bottom of an energy storage cabin also extends into the annular slide rail, the end parts of the pair of cables are provided with switch brushes, when the rotary table switch rotates, the switch brushes are in contact connection with the discharge switches, the lower end of the rotary table switch is welded with an upper gear, the lower part of the upper gear is meshed with two connecting gears, the number of teeth at the bottom of the upper gear is equal to the number of teeth of the two connecting gears, the two connecting gears are respectively and coaxially fixed with a plasma rotary table gear and a mechanical cutting gear, and the plasma rotary table gear and the mechanical cutting gear are respectively exposed from the bottom of a drill bit;
the plasma device comprises a pair of high-voltage electrodes and a plurality of grounding electrodes, wherein the teeth of each pair of high-voltage electrodes and grounding electrodes and the plasma turntable gear are arranged on the plasma turntable gear at intervals, a circle of connecting track is arranged on the plasma turntable gear, each pair of high-voltage electrodes and grounding electrodes extend into the connecting track respectively, the other pair of cables from the bottom of the energy storage cabin extend downwards to the plasma turntable gear, the tail ends of the pair of cables penetrate through a right-angled pore canal of the drill bit and are positioned in the connecting track, the tail ends of the pair of cables are provided with discharging brushes, and when the plasma turntable gear rotates, the discharging brushes are sequentially in contact connection with the pair of high-voltage electrodes and the grounding electrodes.
The number of the discharge switches in the scheme is equal to that of the plasma devices.
In the scheme, the mud turbine, the generator, the turbine blades, the rotary disc switch, the upper gear and the water hole form a drilling fluid channel.
In the scheme, the number of the discharge switches is four, and the number of the plasma devices is four.
Plasma carousel gear inboard sets up the bearing track in the above-mentioned scheme, plasma bearing installs in bearing track department, the inboard ball of plasma bearing inlays on the bearing track, the plasma bearing outside is worn out from the isolation fixed plate, the naked part of plasma bearing exposed outside the isolation fixed plate sets up square bulge, square bulge card is in the bar groove of drill bit, the drill bit passes through the tooth's socket cooperation with the naked part of exposing outside the isolation fixed plate of plasma bearing and is connected, thereby install plasma carousel gear in the drill bit.
The inboard bearing track that sets up of mechanical cutting gear among the above-mentioned scheme, mechanical cutting gear bearing installs in bearing track department, the inboard ball of mechanical cutting gear bearing inlays on the bearing track, the mechanical cutting gear bearing outside is worn out from keeping apart the fixed plate, the naked part of exposing outside the isolation fixed plate of mechanical cutting gear bearing sets up square bulge, square bulge card is in the bar groove of drill bit, the drill bit passes through the tooth's socket cooperation with the naked part of exposing outside the isolation fixed plate of mechanical cutting gear bearing and is connected, thereby install mechanical cutting gear in the drill bit.
The drilling method of the hydraulic drive multidimensional plasma combined drill bit comprises the following steps:
the rotation of the slurry turbine provides kinetic energy for the generator, the generator converts the kinetic energy into electric energy, the electric energy is transmitted to the energy storage cabin through the cable for storage, and the energy storage cabin provides electric energy for the plasma device; the rotation of the turbine blade drives the rotary table switch and the upper gear to rotate around the same revolution circle center, the connection gear and the rotary table switch form circumferential motion with the same period through the driving of the upper gear, and the plasma rotary table gear and the mechanical cutting gear are driven through the connection gear to carry out combined drilling; the rotating cycle of the turntable switch is the same as that of the upper gear, the connecting gear, the plasma turntable gear and the mechanical cutting gear, when the turntable switch rotates for a quarter cycle, the discharge switch is connected with the cable through the switch electric brush, at the moment, the plasma turntable gear rotates for a quarter cycle, the energy storage cabin supplies power for the plasma device, the high-voltage electrode and the upper end of the grounding electrode are charged through the discharge electric brush connecting cable, the lower end of the grounding electrode is in contact with the ground layer to discharge, and shock waves and plasma channels are formed to rapidly crush rocks.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention overcomes the limitation of the traditional remote power supply, does not need to design a long-scale power transmission line, and the hydraulic driving device directly converts mechanical energy into electric energy to provide energy for the plasma generating device, thereby being beneficial to saving cost and improving income.
2. According to the invention, the mechanical cutting gear and the plasma turntable gear are used for assisting in rock breaking at the same time, so that the hard rock stratum can be broken, and the drilling efficiency can be improved.
3. The mechanical cutting gear and the plasma turntable gear have the same rotation period and opposite rotation directions, and jointly form multidimensional space type well drilling with the revolution operation of the drill bit, thereby accelerating the well drilling speed and reducing the operation time.
4. The rotating cycle of the turntable switch is the same as that of the plasma turntable gear, the power supply is connected once every quarter cycle, and the electric energy is stored in the rest time, so that the voltage of the plasma can reach the peak value more easily when the point source is connected in a point contact manner.
5. According to the invention, the plasma impact is four times per revolution of the plasma turntable gear, and the mechanical cutting and the plasma impact are combined to break rock, so that the rock breaking speed is increased.
6. The power is provided through hydraulic drive, mechanical energy can be converted into electric energy, the plasma device is powered, the cost is saved, and the benefit is improved; the plasma turntable gear runs in the circumferential direction, so that rock can be broken at a certain frequency, the rock breaking efficiency can be increased, and the drilling speed can be increased.
7. The rock breaking method is reasonable, easy to realize and convenient to popularize and apply in a drilling site.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an overall sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotary switch of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the rotary switch and cable of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drill bit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic position diagram of the upper gear, the plasma turntable gear and the mechanical cutting gear of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a plasma turntable gear and a bearing according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the plasma turntable gear of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a drill stem; 2. a drill bit; 3. cutting teeth; 4. a plasma turntable gear; 5. a plasma device; 6. mechanically cutting the gear; 7. water holes; 8. a mud turbine; 9. a generator; 10. a cable; 11. a rechargeable battery; 12. an energy storage compartment; 13. an energy storage capacitor; 14. a freewheeling diode; 15. a turbine blade; 16. an annular slide rail; 17. a rotary switch; 18. an upper gear; 19. a bearing track; 20. fixing the hand grip; 21. a discharge switch; 22. switching an electric brush; 23. an isolation fixing plate; 24. a connecting gear; 25. a ball bearing; 26. a plasma bearing; 27. a protrusion; 28. a discharge brush; 29. connecting the rails; 30. a housing; 31. an insulating layer; 32. a high voltage electrode; 33. and (4) grounding the electrode.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the hydraulically-driven multidimensional plasma combined drill comprises a drill rod 1, a drill bit 2, cutting teeth 3, a plasma turntable gear 4, a plurality of plasma devices 5, a mechanical cutting gear 6, a slurry turbine 8 and a generator 9, wherein the slurry turbine 8 is arranged in the drill rod 1, the bottom of the slurry turbine 8 is connected with the generator 9, an energy storage cabin 12 is arranged on the right lower side of the generator 9, the generator 9 is connected with a cable 10, the cable 10 extends into the energy storage cabin 12, a charging battery 11, an energy storage capacitor 13 and a freewheeling diode 14 are arranged in the energy storage cabin 12, and two pairs of cables extend downwards from the bottom of the energy storage cabin 12; the bottom of the cylinder body at the outer edge of the turbine blade 15 is fixedly connected with a rotary disc switch 17, and a drilling fluid channel is formed by the mud turbine 8, the generator 9, the turbine blade 15, the rotary disc switch 17, the upper gear 18 and the water hole 7. When the drilling fluid flows through from top to bottom, the mud turbine 8 is driven to rotate clockwise, and the generator 9 converts mechanical energy into electric energy along with the rotation of the mud turbine 8.
The side wall of the generator 9 is connected with a fixed handle 20, the fixed handle 20 plays a role in fixed connection, the other side of the generator 9 is connected with a cable 10, the cable 10 penetrates through the inner side of the drill rod 1 to transmit electric energy to an energy storage cabin 12, an electric battery 11 and an energy storage capacitor 13 which are arranged in the energy storage cabin 12 store the electric energy, a fly-wheel diode 14 converts alternating current into direct current, and the cable at the bottom of the energy storage cabin 12 penetrates through the inner part of the drill rod 1 to be respectively connected with a turntable switch 17 and a plasma turntable gear 4; the turbine blade 15 is arranged on the inner side of the drill rod 1 and below the generator 9, the blades of the turbine blade 15 are arranged on the inner side of the device, the outer ring of the bottom of the turbine blade 15 is welded with the rotary disk switch 17, the rotary disk switch 17 rotates in the annular slide rail 16, the annular slide rail 16 can prevent the rotary disk switch 17 from moving up and down, and the outer ring of the lower end of the rotary disk switch 17 is welded with the outer ring of the upper gear 18.
The turntable switch 17 is circumferentially provided with four discharge switches 21, each discharge switch 21 extends into the annular slide rail 16, a pair of cables from the bottom of the energy storage cabin 12 also extend into the annular slide rail 16, the end parts of the pair of cables are respectively provided with a switch brush 22, when the turntable switch 17 rotates, the switch brushes 22 are in contact connection with the discharge switches 21, the switch brushes 22 are installed at the connection part of the cables 10 outside the turntable switch 17, the discharge switches 21 are connected with the cables 10 and fixed on the inner wall of the drill rod 1, the turntable switch 17 rotates for a circle in the annular slide rail 16, and the discharge switches 21 are connected with the switch brushes 22 for four times; the drilling fluid flows out of the drill bit 2 through a drilling fluid channel formed by the mud turbine 8, the generator 9, the turbine blades 15, the rotary disc switch 17, the upper gear 18 and the water hole 17.
Go up 18 lower parts of gear and two meshing of connecting gear 24, the number of teeth of going up 18 bottoms of gear equals with two numbers of teeth of connecting gear 24, two connecting gear 24 are respectively coaxial fixed plasma carousel gear 4 and a mechanical cutting gear 6, drill bit 2 sets up two gear holes, plasma carousel gear 4 exposes from 2 bottom gear holes of drill bit respectively with mechanical cutting gear 6, cutting teeth 3 on drill bit 2 distribute around plasma carousel gear 4 and mechanical cutting gear 6, water eyes 7 on drill bit 2 are located between plasma carousel gear 4 and the mechanical cutting gear 6, when drill bit 2 rotary drilling, plasma carousel gear 4 and mechanical cutting gear 6 simultaneous rotation work, carry out plasma rock breaking and mechanical rock breaking.
The plasma device 5 comprises a pair of high-voltage electrodes 32 and grounding electrodes 33, an insulating layer 31 is arranged outside each high-voltage electrode 32 and each grounding electrode 33, an outer shell 30 is arranged outside the insulating layer 31, the ends of the high-voltage electrodes 32 and the grounding electrodes 33 are exposed, the outer shell 30 is fixed on the plasma turntable gear 4, four plasma devices 4 are arranged, each pair of high-voltage electrodes 32 and the grounding electrodes 33 are arranged on the plasma turntable gear 4 at intervals with the teeth of the plasma turntable gear 4, the heights of the high-voltage electrodes 32 and the grounding electrodes 33 are equal to the height of the teeth of the plasma turntable gear 4, a circle of connecting track 29 is arranged on the plasma turntable gear 4, each pair of high-voltage electrodes 32 and the grounding electrodes 33 respectively extend into the connecting track 29, another pair of cables from the bottom of the energy storage cabin 12 extend downwards to the plasma turntable gear 4, the tail ends of the pair of cables pass through a right-angle tunnel of the drill bit 2 and are arranged in the connecting track 29, and the tail ends of the pair of cables are provided with the discharging brushes 28, the horizontal ends of the right-angle pore canals correspond to the lower ends of the connecting tracks 29, so that the discharging brushes 28 are always positioned in the connecting tracks 29, and when the plasma turntable gear 4 rotates, the discharging brushes 28 are sequentially in contact connection with a pair of pairs of high-voltage electrodes 32 and a grounding electrode 33.
Plasma carousel gear inboard sets up the bearing track, and plasma bearing installs in bearing track department, and the inboard ball of plasma bearing inlays on the bearing track, and the plasma bearing outside is worn out from the isolation fixed plate, and the naked part of plasma bearing outside the isolation fixed plate sets up square protruding, and square protruding card is in the bar groove of drill bit, and the drill bit passes through the tooth's socket cooperation with the naked part of exposing outside the isolation fixed plate of plasma bearing and is connected to install plasma carousel gear in the drill bit. The ball 25 at the bottom of the plasma bearing 26 is embedded on the bearing track 19 at the inner side of the plasma turntable gear 4, the ball 25 plays a role in fixed connection and sliding, the fixing plate 23 can play a role in sealing and fixing the bearing when being installed and isolated at the outer side of the bearing 26, the square bulge 27 is arranged above the bearing 26, the semicircular shape of the bearing 26 is embedded inside the drill bit 2 to prevent the circumferential movement of the bearing 26, and the square bulge 27 can prevent the fore-and-aft movement of the bearing 26.
6 inboards of mechanical cutting gear set up bearing track 19, 6 bearings of mechanical cutting gear set are installed in 19 departments of bearing track, the inboard ball 25 of 6 bearings of mechanical cutting gear set inlays on bearing track 19, 6 bearings of mechanical cutting gear set are worn out from isolation fixed plate 23 in the outside, 6 bearings of mechanical cutting gear set are exposed and are set up square bulge 27 in the outer part of isolation fixed plate 23, square bulge 27 card is in the bar groove of drill bit 2, drill bit 2 passes through the tooth's socket cooperation with the 6 bearings of mechanical cutting gear set are exposed and are connected in the outer part of isolation fixed plate 23, thereby install mechanical cutting gear 6 in drill bit 2.
The drilling method of the hydraulic drive multidimensional plasma combined drill bit comprises the following steps: the rotation of the mud turbine 8 provides kinetic energy for the generator 9, the generator 9 converts the kinetic energy into electric energy, the electric energy is transmitted into the energy storage chamber 12 through the cable 10 to be stored, and the energy storage chamber 12 provides electric energy for the plasma device 5. The rotation of the turbine blade 15 drives the rotary table switch 17 and the upper gear 18 to rotate around the same revolution circle center, the connection gear 24 and the rotary table switch 17 form the same period circumferential motion through the driving of the upper gear 18, and the plasma rotary table gear 4 and the mechanical cutting gear 6 are driven through the connection gear 24 to carry out combined drilling. The rotary disk switch 17 has the same rotation period as the upper gear 18, the connecting gear 24, the plasma rotary disk gear 4 and the mechanical cutting gear 6. When the turntable switch 17 rotates for a quarter cycle, the discharge switch 21 is connected with the cable 10 through the switch brush 22, at the moment, the plasma turntable gear 4 rotates for a quarter cycle, the energy storage chamber 12 supplies power for the plasma device 5, the high-voltage electrode 32 and the upper end of the grounding electrode 33 are connected with the cable 10 through the discharge brush 28 for charging, and the lower end of the grounding electrode 33 is in contact with the ground layer for discharging to form shock waves and a plasma channel to rapidly crush rocks.
Claims (7)
1. A hydraulic drive multi-dimensional plasma combined drill bit is characterized in that: the hydraulically-driven multidimensional plasma combined drill bit comprises a drill rod (1), a drill bit (2), cutting teeth (3), a plasma turntable gear (4), a plurality of plasma devices (5), a mechanical cutting gear (6), a slurry turbine (8) and a generator (9), wherein the slurry turbine (8) is arranged inside the drill rod (1), the bottom of the slurry turbine (8) is connected with the generator (9), an energy storage cabin (12) is arranged on the lower right side of the generator (9), the generator (9) is connected with a cable (10), the cable (10) extends into the energy storage cabin (12), a charging battery (11), an energy storage capacitor (13) and a freewheeling diode (14) are arranged inside the energy storage cabin (12), and two pairs of cables extend downwards from the bottom of the energy storage cabin (12); the bottom of a cylinder at the outer edge of a turbine blade (15) is fixedly connected with a rotary table switch (17), the rotary table switch (17) is circumferentially provided with a plurality of discharge switches (21), each discharge switch (21) extends into an annular sliding rail (16), a pair of cables from the bottom of an energy storage cabin (12) also extends into the annular sliding rail (16), the end parts of the pair of cables are respectively provided with a switch electric brush (22), when the rotary table switch (17) rotates, the switch electric brushes (22) are in contact connection with the discharge switches (21), the lower end of the rotary table switch (17) is welded with an upper gear (18), the lower part of the upper gear (18) is meshed with two connecting gears (24), the number of teeth at the bottom of the upper gear (18) is equal to that of the two connecting gears (24), and the two connecting gears (24) respectively and coaxially fix a plasma rotary table gear (4) and a mechanical cutting gear (6), the plasma turntable gear (4) and the mechanical cutting gear (6) are respectively exposed from the bottom of the drill bit (2);
the plasma device (5) comprises a pair of high-voltage electrodes (32) and a plurality of grounding electrodes (33), a plurality of plasma devices (5) are arranged on the plasma turntable gear, the high-voltage electrodes (32) and the grounding electrodes (33) of each pair are arranged on the plasma turntable gear at intervals with the teeth of the plasma turntable gear (4), a circle of connecting track (29) is arranged on the plasma turntable gear (4), each pair of high-voltage electrodes (32) and the grounding electrodes (33) respectively extend into the connecting track (29), another pair of cables from the bottom of the energy storage chamber (12) extend downwards to the plasma turntable gear (4), the ends of the pair of cables are positioned in the connecting track (29) through the right-angle hole of the drill bit (2), and the tail ends of the pair of cables are respectively provided with a discharging electric brush, and when the plasma turntable gear rotates, the discharging electric brushes are sequentially in contact connection with the pair of high-voltage electrodes and the grounding electrode.
2. The hydraulically driven multi-dimensional plasma compound drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the number of the discharge switches (21) is equal to that of the plasma devices (5).
3. The hydraulically driven multi-dimensional plasma compound drill bit of claim 2, wherein: the mud turbine (8), the generator (9), the turbine blades (15), the rotary disk switch (17), the upper gear (18) and the water hole (7) form a drilling fluid channel.
4. The hydraulically driven multi-dimensional plasma compound drill bit of claim 3, wherein: the number of the discharge switches (21) is four, and the number of the plasma devices (5) is four.
5. The hydraulically driven multi-dimensional plasma compound drill bit of claim 4, wherein: plasma carousel gear (4) inboard set up bearing rail (19), install in bearing rail (19) department plasma bearing (26), inboard ball (25) of plasma bearing (26) inlay on bearing rail (19), plasma bearing (26) outside is worn out from isolation fixed plate (23), plasma bearing (26) are naked the part outside isolation fixed plate (23) and are set up square bulge (27), square bulge (27) card is in the bar groove of drill bit (2), drill bit (2) and plasma bearing (26) are exposed the part outside isolation fixed plate (23) and are passed through tooth's socket cooperation and are connected.
6. The hydraulically driven multi-dimensional plasma united drill bit as recited in claim 5, wherein: machinery cutting gear (6) inboard set up bearing track (19), machinery cutting gear (6) bearing is installed in bearing track (19) department, machinery cutting gear (6) inboard ball (25) of bearing inlay on bearing track (19), machinery cutting gear (6) bearing outside is worn out from isolation fixed plate (23), the part that machinery cutting gear bearing is exposed outside isolation fixed plate (23) sets up square bulge (27), square bulge (27) card is in the bar groove of drill bit, drill bit (2) pass through the tooth's socket cooperation with the part that machinery cutting gear (6) bearing is exposed outside isolation fixed plate and are connected.
7. A method of drilling a hydraulically driven multi-dimensional plasma cluster drill bit as defined in claim 6, wherein: the rotation of the mud turbine (8) provides kinetic energy for the generator (9), the generator (9) converts the kinetic energy into electric energy, the electric energy is transmitted into the energy storage cabin (12) through the cable (10) to be stored, and the energy storage cabin (12) provides the electric energy for the plasma device (5); the rotation of the turbine blade (15) drives the rotary table switch (17) and the upper gear (18) to rotate around the same revolution circle center, the connecting gear (24) and the rotary table switch (17) form circumferential motion with the same period under the drive of the upper gear (18), and the plasma rotary table gear (4) and the mechanical cutting gear (6) are driven by the connecting gear (24) to carry out combined drilling; the rotating cycle of the rotary disk switch (17) is the same as that of the upper gear (18), the connecting gear (24), the plasma rotary disk gear (4) and the mechanical cutting gear (6), when the rotary disk switch (17) rotates for a quarter cycle, the discharging switch (21) is connected with a cable through the switch electric brush (22), at the moment, the plasma rotary disk gear (4) rotates for a quarter cycle, the energy storage cabin (12) supplies power for the plasma device (5), the high-voltage electrode (32) and the upper end of the grounding electrode (33) are charged through the connecting cable of the discharging electric brush (28), the lower end of the grounding electrode (33) is in contact with the ground layer to discharge, shock waves and plasma channels are formed to rapidly break rocks.
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