CN113899537B - Rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit - Google Patents
Rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113899537B CN113899537B CN202111057952.3A CN202111057952A CN113899537B CN 113899537 B CN113899537 B CN 113899537B CN 202111057952 A CN202111057952 A CN 202111057952A CN 113899537 B CN113899537 B CN 113899537B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
- E21B3/022—Top drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
- E21B7/15—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling of electrically generated heat
Abstract
The invention provides a rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit. The motor directly drives the rotary table to drive the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit to rotate, and rock breaking is realized through the composite action of mechanical and high-voltage electric pulses. The device can simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure environment in deep stratum drilling, realizes experimental research on the influence of temperature, high-voltage pulse power supply parameters, PDC bit parameters of an electric pulse-mechanical composite bit, electrode shape of an electrode bit, electrode distribution, electrode spacing, electrode materials, the spacing between the PDC bit and the electrode bit and the like on rock breaking efficiency in deep well and ultra-deep well drilling operation, and has great development potential.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit.
Background
China is the biggest country of energy production and energy consumption, but oil, natural gas and other autonomous supply capacities are insufficient, and through high-speed development for many years, shallow stratum resources of China are mostly developed, and a large amount of oil and gas resources and inexhaustible geothermal energy exist in deep stratum, so that the development of economy is kept at high speed, the national energy safety is guaranteed, and the development of deep stratum resources is urgent.
Deep stratum resources exist in a geological environment with high temperature and high pressure, unconventional wells such as deep wells and ultra-deep wells are required to be drilled for exploitation, and the following problems exist only by adopting the traditional mechanical rotary drilling: geological conditions for drilling deep wells and ultra-deep wells are complex, drilling efficiency is low, and drilling accidents are easy to cause; the rock breaking tool is influenced by high temperature and driving power, and the performance and the application range of the rock breaking tool are greatly influenced; with the increase of the drilling depth, the quality of the well wall cannot be ensured, well deviation is generally increased, a plurality of difficulties are brought to drilling construction, and the construction difficulty is increased. The traditional drilling mode is low in efficiency and high in drilling cost, so that a new rock breaking technology needs to be developed.
The rock is broken by utilizing high-voltage electric pulse, so that the rock breaking device has the advantages of high rock breaking efficiency, low drilling cost and the like for deep well and ultra-deep well drilling, and is a rock breaking mode which has great development potential and is close to industrialization so far. The scholars at home and abroad conduct extensive research on high-voltage electric pulse rock breaking, design a plurality of rock breaking drill bits, and obtain good rock breaking effect. However, the research on composite rock breaking combining the traditional rotary drilling and electric pulse rock breaking technology is few, and the PDC bit parameters of the electric pulse-mechanical composite bit, the electrode materials, electrode spacing, electrode geometry and high-voltage pulse power supply parameters of the electrode bit have great influence on rock breaking efficiency and energy loss, so that the research on composite rock breaking can greatly promote the development of the high-voltage electric pulse rock breaking technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the engineering background, the invention provides an experimental device and method for rock breaking drilling of an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking bit on the basis of an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking bit proposed in Chinese patent 202011488801.9 filed by the applicant and a cable connecting device between the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking bit and a drilling tool proposed in Chinese patent 202110825292.2, and realizes experimental researches on the influence of high-voltage pulse power supply parameters, PDC bit parameters of the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking bit, electrode shape, electrode distribution, electrode spacing, electrode materials, spacing between the PDC bit and the electrode bit and the like on rock breaking efficiency in a high-voltage stratum environment.
In order to realize the research, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the rock breaking drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized by comprising a sealing joint fixedly connected with a cable and a drilling fluid pipe, wherein a sealing rotator is connected below the sealing joint, and the sealing rotator is fixed on the upper end surface of an upper bench and fixedly connected with a kelly; the drill rod is fixedly connected below the square drill rod, a cable connecting device is connected below the drill rod, and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is fixedly connected below the cable connecting device; the motor directly drives the rotary table to drive the square drill rod to rotate, so as to drive the drill rod and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit to rotate; the motor direct-drive turntable is fixed on the upper end face of the middle rack, the lower end face of the upper rack is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the middle rack, and the upper end face of the base is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the middle rack; the surrounding pressure cylinder is fixed inside the rock breaking cylinder, and the rock breaking cylinder is fixedly connected with the lifting table; the lifting platform is arranged at the center of the base, and the lower end of the lifting platform is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder; the drilling fluid pipe is connected with a drilling fluid pump, and the drilling fluid pump is connected with a drilling fluid cylinder; the cable is connected with a high-voltage pulse power supply.
Further, the outer ring of the sealing rotator is fixedly connected with the sealing joint and the upper bench, the inner ring of the sealing rotator is connected with the kelly, dynamic sealing is realized in the working process, and the normal circulation of drilling fluid is ensured; the lifting table is provided with a plurality of T-shaped grooves for fixing the rock breaking cylinder.
Further, a force sensor is arranged between the inner ring of the sealing rotator and the kelly and is used for monitoring and feeding back the weight on bit to a control console, and parameters are regulated through a control console touch screen of the control console so as to obtain stable weight on bit.
Furthermore, the drilling fluid cylinder is provided with a heater, parameters are set through the touch screen of the control console, and the drilling fluid can be heated to 400 ℃ at the highest, so that the real high temperature of the bottom of the well is simulated.
Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse power supply can adjust parameters such as working voltage, frequency, pulse width and the like through the control screen; in addition, the high-voltage pulse power supply is also provided with a PLC button for converting the circuit structure and realizing the scram of the device.
Further, the front baffle door is installed in front of the middle rack and the base, the rear baffle door is installed at the rear of the middle rack, and the surfaces of the front baffle door and the rear baffle door are made of high-temperature-resistant heat insulation materials and used for blocking high-temperature liquid and rock debris splashed in the experimental process, so that the safety of operators is ensured.
Further, the rock sample is fixed inside the confining pressure cylinder, and the confining pressure pump conveys hydraulic oil to the confining pressure cylinder through an oil pipe so as to simulate a high-pressure environment; in the rock breaking drilling experiment process, the surrounding pressure cylinder and the rock sample are completely immersed by drilling fluid in the rock breaking cylinder; compared with the confining pressure cylinder, the rock breaking cylinder has larger inner diameter and higher height, and a reflow hole is formed near the bottom of the rock breaking cylinder; the return pipe is connected with a return hole, a filter screen is arranged at the return hole to block rock scraps in the rock breaking cylinder, the tail end of the return pipe is connected with a flow speed regulating valve for regulating the return speed of drilling fluid, and the flow speed regulating valve is fixedly connected with the drilling fluid cylinder.
Further, the drilling fluid pump sends the drilling fluid from the drilling fluid cylinder to the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit through the drilling fluid pipe, the drilling fluid further enters the rock breaking cylinder, and the drilling fluid in the rock breaking cylinder flows back into the drilling fluid cylinder through a return pipe connected with the rock breaking cylinder, so that the drilling fluid circulation is completed; the drilling fluid contained in the drilling fluid tank can be various fluids such as distilled water, tap water, brine, various oils, mud, etc.
Further, the control console is connected with the motor direct-drive turntable, the confining pressure pump, the hydraulic cylinder, the drilling fluid pump and the heater through cables; the control console is provided with a control console touch screen and a control console emergency stop button, the control console touch screen can directly control the rotating speed of the motor direct-drive rotary table so as to realize different rotating speeds of the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit, control the lifting distance and speed of the hydraulic cylinder, simulate the drilling depth and the drilling speed, control the power of the surrounding pressure pump, simulate different stratum pressures, control the rotating speed of the drilling liquid pump, control the circulating speed of the drilling liquid and control the power of the heater, and enable the drilling liquid to reach the temperature of experimental design; the control console emergency stop button can realize emergency stop operation on the motor direct-drive turntable, the pressure surrounding pump, the hydraulic cylinder, the drilling fluid pump and the heater.
The invention is characterized in that:
1. the stratum pressure in the drilling operation of the deep well and the ultra-deep well can be truly simulated;
2. various liquid mediums such as distilled water, tap water, brine, various oils, slurry and the like can be used as drilling fluid, the drilling fluid can be heated to 400 ℃, and further the bottom hole temperature can be truly simulated, and the influence of the temperature on the electric pulse and the influence of the liquid property on the rock breaking efficiency of the electric pulse can be discussed;
3. the complete circulation of drilling fluid can be realized, and the method is close to the real drilling process;
4. the working voltage, frequency and pulse width of the high-voltage pulse power supply can be adjusted;
5. the weight on bit and the rotating speed of the drill bit can be adjusted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drilling experiment device of an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the main body of the experimental device;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a drilling process.
In the above figures: 1. a cable; 2. a kelly; 3. the motor directly drives the turntable; 4. a drill rod; 5. an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit; 6. a rock breaking cylinder; 601. a filter screen; 602. drilling fluid; 603. a reflow hole; 7. a console; 701. a console touch screen; 702. a console scram button; 8. a high voltage pulse power supply; plc button; 802. a control screen; 9. a confining pressure pump; 10. a lifting table; 11. a hydraulic cylinder; 12. a drilling fluid pump; 13. a drilling fluid cylinder; 1301. a heater; 14. a return pipe; 1401. a flow rate regulating valve; 15. a base; 16. a confining pressure cylinder; 1601 rock sample; 1602. hydraulic oil; 17. a cable connection device; 18 a middle stage; 19. an upper rack; 20. sealing the rotator; 21. sealing the joint; 22. a drilling fluid pipe; 23. a front flapper door; 24. a tailgate door; 25. a force sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments, wherein words such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," and the like are used herein merely for convenience of description of the drawings, and are not intended to limit the direction in which they are actually used, nor do they necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations.
The invention relates to a rock breaking drilling experimental device and a rock breaking drilling experimental method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit, which are based on an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit proposed in Chinese patent 202011488801.9 of the prior application of the applicant and a cable connecting device for an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit and a drilling tool proposed in Chinese patent 202110825292.2, and are specially designed for researching the PDC drill bit parameters of the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit, electrode materials, electrode spacing, electrode geometric shapes and the like of the electrode drill bit in a high-pressure stratum environment, and comprise a sealing joint 21 fixedly connected with a cable 1 and a drilling fluid pipe 21, wherein the sealing joint 21 is connected with a sealing rotator 20, and the sealing rotator 20 is fixed at the upper end of an upper rack 19 and fixedly connected with a square drill rod 2; the drill rod 4 is fixedly connected below the square drill rod 2, a cable connecting device 17 is connected below the drill rod 4, and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 is fixedly connected below the cable connecting device 17; the motor directly drives the rotary table 3 to drive the square drill rod 2 to rotate, so as to drive the drill rod 4 and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 to rotate; the motor direct-drive turntable 3 is fixed at the upper end of the middle rack 18, the lower end of the upper rack 19 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the middle rack 18, and the upper end of the base 15 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the middle rack 18; the surrounding pressure cylinder 16 is fixed inside the rock breaking cylinder 6, and the rock breaking cylinder 6 is fixedly connected with the lifting table 10; the lifting table 10 is arranged at the central part of the base 15, and the lower end of the lifting table is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder 11; the drilling fluid pipe 21 is connected with a drilling fluid pump 12, and the drilling fluid pump 12 is connected with a drilling fluid cylinder 13; the cable 1 is connected to a high voltage pulsed power supply 8.
A rock breaking drilling experimental method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit comprises the following steps:
s1, opening a front baffle door 23 and a rear baffle door 24, detaching the return pipe 14 from the rock breaking cylinder 6, and then detaching and removing the rock breaking cylinder 6 and the confining pressure cylinder 16 from the lifting platform 10;
s2, loading a rock sample 1601 in a surrounding pressure cylinder 16, fixing the rock breaking cylinder 6 and the surrounding pressure cylinder 16 again through a T-shaped groove on a lifting table 10, and installing a return pipe 14 on the rock breaking cylinder 6;
s3, heating the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid cylinder 13 to a preset temperature through a heater 1301, closing a flow rate regulating valve 1401, starting a drilling fluid pump 12 through a control console touch screen 701, and sending the drilling fluid from the drilling fluid cylinder 13 to an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 through a drilling fluid pipe 22 by the drilling fluid pump 12, so that the drilling fluid reaches the upper surface of a rock sample 1601, then, entering the drilling fluid into a rock breaking cylinder 6, wherein the introduced drilling fluid is required to ensure that the confining pressure cylinder 16, the rock sample 1601 and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 can be completely submerged;
s4, adjusting the confining pressure pump 9 through the control console touch screen 701 to enable the rock sample 1601 to reach stratum pressure required by an experiment;
s5, opening a flow rate regulating valve 1401, and enabling drilling fluid entering the rock breaking cylinder 6 to flow back to the drilling fluid cylinder 13 through a return pipe 14 connected with the rock breaking cylinder 6, and simultaneously regulating the power of a drilling fluid pump 12 through a control console touch screen 701, so that the drilling fluid can flush rock scraps generated in the experimental process and can be completely circulated;
s6, after the preparation of the work before the experiment is finished, a high-voltage pulse power supply 8 is turned on, voltage, frequency and pulse width parameters are regulated, a lifting platform 10 is regulated to start to lift, when an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 starts to contact a rock sample, the reading of a force sensor 25 is used for regulating the proper weight on bit, and a front baffle door 23 and a rear baffle door 24 are closed;
s7, starting a motor to directly drive the rotary table 3 through the control console 7, enabling the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit 5 to start rotating at the speed of experimental design, enabling the high-voltage pulse power supply 8 to start working, enabling the lifting table 10 to ascend, and starting drilling experiments;
s8, observing and recording the ascending height of the lifting platform 10, obtaining the drilling depth, controlling the lifting platform 10 to descend to the lowest height through the control platform 7 when the drilling depth reaches the experimental design depth, and then closing the motor direct-drive turntable 3, the high-voltage pulse power supply 8, the confining pressure pump 9, the drilling fluid pump 12 and the heater 1301;
s9, opening a front baffle door 23 and a rear baffle door 24, taking out the rock breaking cylinder 6, and taking out the tested rock sample 1601 and rock scraps;
s10, cleaning a rock breaking drilling experimental device, and installing all components back to the original position;
and S11, repeating the steps 1-10 for a new experiment.
The rock breaking drilling experimental device and method for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit can simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure environment in deep stratum drilling, realize experimental research on the influence of temperature, high-pressure pulse power supply parameters, PDC drill bit parameters of the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit, electrode shape of an electrode drill bit, electrode distribution, electrode spacing, electrode materials, spacing between the PDC drill bit and the electrode drill bit and the like on rock breaking efficiency in deep well and ultra-deep well drilling operation, and have great development potential.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The rock breaking drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit is characterized by comprising a sealing joint (21) fixedly connected with a cable (1) and a drilling fluid pipe (22), wherein a sealing rotator (20) is connected below the sealing joint (21), and the sealing rotator (20) is fixed on the upper end surface of an upper rack (19) and fixedly connected with a square drill rod (2); the drill rod (4) is fixedly connected below the square drill rod (2), a cable connecting device (17) is connected below the drill rod (4), and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) is fixedly connected below the cable connecting device (17); the motor directly drives the rotary table (3) to drive the square drill rod (2) to rotate, so as to drive the drill rod (4) and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) to rotate; the motor direct-drive turntable (3) is fixed on the upper end face of the middle rack (18), the lower end face of the upper rack (19) is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the middle rack (18), and the upper end face of the base (15) is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the middle rack (18); the surrounding pressure cylinder (16) is fixed inside the rock breaking cylinder (6), and the rock breaking cylinder (6) is fixedly connected with the lifting table (10); the lifting table (10) is arranged at the central part of the base (15), and the lower end of the lifting table is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder (11); the drilling fluid pipe (22) is connected with the drilling fluid pump (12), and the drilling fluid pump (12) is connected with the drilling fluid cylinder (13); the cable (1) is connected with a high-voltage pulse power supply (8); the outer ring of the sealing rotator (20) is fixedly connected with the sealing joint (21) and the upper rack (19), the inner ring of the sealing rotator (20) is connected with the kelly bar (2), dynamic sealing is realized in the working process, and normal circulation of drilling fluid is ensured; the lifting table (10) is provided with a plurality of T-shaped grooves for fixing the rock breaking cylinder (6); a force sensor (25) is arranged between the inner ring of the sealing rotator (20) and the square drill rod (2) and is used for monitoring and feeding back the weight on bit to a control console (7), and parameters are regulated through a control console touch screen (701) on the control console (7) so as to obtain stable weight on bit; the drilling fluid cylinder (13) is provided with a heater (1301), parameters are set through a touch screen (701) of a control console, and the drilling fluid can be heated to 400 ℃ at most, so that the real high temperature of the bottom of the well is simulated; the rock sample (1601) is fixed inside the confining pressure cylinder (16), and the confining pressure pump (9) conveys hydraulic oil to the confining pressure cylinder (16) through an oil pipe so as to simulate a high-pressure environment; in the rock breaking drilling experiment process, the surrounding pressure cylinder (16) and the rock sample (1601) are completely immersed by drilling fluid in the rock breaking cylinder (6); compared with a confining pressure cylinder (16), the rock breaking cylinder (6) is larger in inner diameter and higher in height, a backflow hole (603) is formed in the position close to the bottom of the rock breaking cylinder (6), a backflow pipe (14) is connected with the backflow hole (603), a filter screen (601) is arranged at the backflow hole, rock scraps are blocked in the rock breaking cylinder (6), and the tail end of the backflow pipe (14) is connected with a flow speed regulating valve (1401) for regulating the backflow speed of drilling fluid; the flow rate regulating valve (1401) is fixedly connected with the drilling fluid cylinder (13).
2. A rock breaking drilling experimental device for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the high voltage pulse power supply (8) can adjust working voltage, frequency, pulse width parameters through a control screen (802); in addition, the high-voltage pulse power supply (8) is also provided with a PLC button (801) for switching the circuit structure and realizing the scram of the device.
3. The rock breaking drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit according to claim 2, wherein a front baffle door (23) is arranged in front of the middle rack (18) and the base (15), a rear baffle door (24) is arranged behind the middle rack, and high-temperature-resistant heat insulation materials are adopted on the surfaces of the front baffle door (23) and the rear baffle door (24) and used for blocking high-temperature liquid and rock debris splashed in the experimental process and guaranteeing the safety of operators.
4. A rock breaking drilling experimental device for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that the drilling liquid pump (12) sends drilling liquid from the drilling liquid cylinder (13) to the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) through a drilling liquid pipe (22), so that the drilling liquid enters the rock breaking cylinder (6), and the drilling liquid in the rock breaking cylinder (6) flows back into the drilling liquid cylinder (13) through a backflow pipe (14) connected with the rock breaking cylinder (6) to complete the drilling liquid circulation; the drilling fluid contained in the drilling fluid cylinder (13) can be distilled water, tap water, brine, oil or slurry.
5. The rock breaking drilling experimental device for the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit according to claim 4, wherein the control console (7) is connected with the motor direct-drive rotary table (3), the confining pressure pump (9), the hydraulic cylinder (11), the drilling fluid pump (12) and the heater (1301) through cables; the control console (7) is provided with a control console touch screen (701) and a control console emergency stop button (702), the control console touch screen (701) can directly control the rotating speed of the motor direct-drive rotary table (3) so as to realize different rotating speeds of the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5), control the lifting height and the lifting speed of the hydraulic cylinder (11) so as to simulate the drilling depth and the drilling speed, control the power of the surrounding pressure pump (9) so as to simulate different stratum pressures, control the rotating speed of the drilling liquid pump (12) so as to control the circulating speed of the drilling liquid and control the power of the heater (1301), and the drilling liquid reaches the temperature of experimental design; the control console emergency stop button (702) can realize emergency stop operation of the motor direct-drive turntable (3), the confining pressure pump (9), the hydraulic cylinder (11), the drilling fluid pump (12) and the heater (1301).
6. A rock breaking drilling experiment method for an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit, using the rock breaking drilling experiment device according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, opening a front baffle door (23) and a rear baffle door (24), detaching a return pipe (14) from a rock breaking cylinder (6), and then detaching and removing the rock breaking cylinder (6) and a confining pressure cylinder (16) from a lifting table (10);
s2, loading a rock sample (1601) in a surrounding pressure cylinder (16), fixing the rock breaking cylinder (6) and the surrounding pressure cylinder (16) again through a T-shaped groove on a lifting table (10), and installing a return pipe (14) on the rock breaking cylinder (6);
s3, heating the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid cylinder (13) to a preset temperature through a heater (1301), closing a flow rate regulating valve (1401), starting a drilling fluid pump (12) through a control console touch screen (701), conveying the drilling fluid from the drilling fluid cylinder (13) to an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) through a drilling fluid pipe (22) by the drilling fluid pump (12), enabling the drilling fluid to reach the upper surface of a rock sample (1601), enabling the drilling fluid to enter a rock breaking cylinder (6), and ensuring that the confining pressure cylinder (16), the rock sample (1601) and the electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) are completely submerged by the introduced drilling fluid;
s4, adjusting the confining pressure pump (9) through the control console touch screen (701) to enable the rock sample (1602) to reach stratum pressure required by an experiment;
s5, opening a flow speed regulating valve (1401), and enabling drilling fluid entering a rock breaking cylinder (6) to flow back to the drilling fluid cylinder (13) through a return pipe (14) connected with the rock breaking cylinder (6), and simultaneously regulating the power of a drilling fluid pump (12) through a control console touch screen (701), so that the drilling fluid can flush rock scraps generated in the experimental process and can be circulated completely;
s6, after the preparation of the work before the experiment is finished, a high-voltage pulse power supply (8) is turned on, voltage, frequency and pulse width parameters are regulated, a lifting table (10) is regulated to start to rise, when an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) starts to contact a rock sample, the reading of a force sensor (25) is used for regulating the proper drilling pressure, and a front baffle door (23) and a rear baffle door (24) are closed;
s7, starting a motor direct-drive rotary table (3) through a control console (7), enabling an electric pulse-mechanical composite drill bit (5) to start rotating at the speed of experimental design, enabling a high-voltage pulse power supply (8) to start working, enabling a lifting table (10) to lift, and starting drilling experiments;
s8, observing and recording the ascending height of the lifting platform (10), obtaining drilling depth, controlling the lifting platform (10) to descend to the lowest height through the control platform (7) when the drilling depth reaches the experimental design depth, and then closing the motor direct-drive turntable (3), the high-voltage pulse power supply (8), the confining pressure pump (9), the drilling fluid pump (12) and the heater (1301);
s9, opening a front baffle door (23) and a rear baffle door (24), taking out a rock breaking cylinder (6), and taking out the tested rock sample (1601) and rock scraps;
s10, cleaning a rock breaking drilling experimental device, and installing all components back to the original position;
and S11, repeating the steps 1-10 for a new experiment.
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