CN106245231B - 一种汽车引擎盖上使用的吸音棉的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种汽车引擎盖上使用的吸音棉的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106245231B
CN106245231B CN201610614601.0A CN201610614601A CN106245231B CN 106245231 B CN106245231 B CN 106245231B CN 201610614601 A CN201610614601 A CN 201610614601A CN 106245231 B CN106245231 B CN 106245231B
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薛常刚
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Suzhou Shuo Exhibition Vehicle Parts Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种汽车引擎盖上使用的吸音棉的制备方法，属于汽车降噪技术领域。其制备步骤包括有：改性聚氨酯的制备、聚氨酯纤维的制备，再将聚氨酯纤维、木棉纤维和聚酯纤维经过混合、成网、刺毡后，得到吸音棉。本发明提供应用于汽车引擎盖上的吸音棉具有阻燃、隔热、吸音效果好的优点。

Description

一种汽车引擎盖上使用的吸音棉的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车引擎盖上使用的吸音棉的制备方法，属于汽车降噪技术领域。
背景技术
发动机噪音包括发动机缸体发出的机械声，还包括进气系统噪音，即高速气体经空气滤清器、进气管、气门进入气缸，在流动过程中，会产生一种很强的气动噪音。由于汽车公司在车辆设计时由于成本的问题，部分零件不会采用最好的材料，如该车引擎盖没有使用吸音材料，防火墙没有贴隔音材料造成了发动机的声音通过仪表台下方、底盘传入到车内。
汽车隔音常见的误区是对隔音材料选择不慎造成的：不是隔音或者吸音性能好的任何材料都可以用在车上，汽车作为一种特殊的交通工具，因为与人的安全、健康息息相关，所以对好的隔音材料有着近乎苛刻的要求。防水、防腐、耐火阻燃、环保、轻量化以及良好的隔音吸音或减震性能、较长的使用寿命等等。
CN105774147A公开了一种抗老化聚丙烯吸音棉及其制备工艺，原料为：无纺布，等规聚丙烯，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯，硫代二丙酸二月桂酯，氧化锌，二氧化钛；制备包括：将邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和硫代二丙酸二月桂酯投入等规聚丙烯熔体中，搅拌均匀，迅速冷却得到复合聚丙烯薄片，置于低温烘箱中持续保温，取出后，快速转移到高温烘箱中持续保温，选取不开裂的复合聚丙烯薄片再次加热熔融成熔体，再投入氧化锌和二氧化钛，搅拌均匀，对得到的改性聚丙烯熔体进行熔喷纺丝，在得到的改性聚丙烯纤维的正反两面分别热压上一层无纺布，经过冷却成型，即得。但是上述的吸音材料存在着阻燃、吸音效果不好的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：提供一种应用于汽车引擎盖上的吸音棉，该吸音棉具有阻燃、隔热、吸音效果好的优点。
技术方案是：
一种汽车引擎盖上使用的吸音棉的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
第1步：按重量份计，取20～26份的聚乙二醇，在110～120℃温度下边搅拌边真空脱水1～2h，冷却至室温，加入6～18份的甲苯二异氰酸酯、阳离子单体5～8份、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸(AMPS)2～4份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份、无机阻燃剂8～15份，在80～85℃下反应3～5h，再加入丙三醇8～12份，在70～75℃下反应30～60min，得到改性聚氨酯；
第2步：将第1步得到的改性聚氨酯通过熔融纺丝的方式制备为改性聚氨酯纤维；
第3步，按重量份计，将木棉纤维80～120份、改性聚氨酯纤维20～40份、聚酯纤维10～20份混合均匀，经过开松、梳理、成网、针刺加固、卷绕、切断，即得到吸音棉。
所述的第1步中，无机阻燃剂选自氢氧化铝或者氢氧化镁。
所述的第2步中，熔融纺丝的中纺丝头温度在180～240℃之间。
所述的第2步中，得到的改性聚氨酯纤维的细度为6～8dtex，长度70～180mm。
所述的第1步中，阳离子单体选自甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、甲基丙烯酸二甲基 氨基乙酯或二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵。
有益效果
本发明提供应用于汽车引擎盖上的吸音棉具有阻燃、隔热、吸音效果好的优点。
具体实施方式
实施例1
第1步：按重量份计，取20份的聚乙二醇，在110℃温度下边搅拌边真空脱水1h，冷却至室温，加入6份的甲苯二异氰酸酯、阳离子单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵5份、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸(AMPS)2份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2份、无机阻燃剂氢氧化铝8份，在80℃下反应3h，再加入丙三醇8份，在70℃下反应30min，得到改性聚氨酯；
第2步：将第1步得到的改性聚氨酯通过熔融纺丝的方式制备为改性聚氨酯纤维，熔融纺丝的中纺丝头温度在180℃之间，得到的改性聚氨酯纤维的细度为6～8dtex，长度70～180mm；
第3步，按重量份计，将木棉纤维80份、改性聚氨酯纤维20份、聚酯纤维10份混合均匀，经过开松、梳理、成网、针刺加固、卷绕、切断，即得到吸音棉。
实施例2
第1步：按重量份计，取26份的聚乙二醇，在120℃温度下边搅拌边真空脱水2h，冷却至室温，加入18份的甲苯二异氰酸酯、阳离子单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵8份、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸(AMPS) 4份、二月桂酸二丁基锡4份、无机阻燃剂氢氧化铝15份，在85℃下反应5h，再加入丙三醇12份，在75℃下反应60min，得到改性聚氨酯；
第2步：将第1步得到的改性聚氨酯通过熔融纺丝的方式制备为改性聚氨酯纤维，熔融纺丝的中纺丝头温度在240℃之间，得到的改性聚氨酯纤维的细度为6～8dtex，长度70～180mm；
第3步，按重量份计，将木棉纤维120份、改性聚氨酯纤维40份、聚酯纤维20份混合均匀，经过开松、梳理、成网、针刺加固、卷绕、切断，即得到吸音棉。
实施例3
第1步：按重量份计，取22份的聚乙二醇，在115℃温度下边搅拌边真空脱水2h，冷却至室温，加入12份的甲苯二异氰酸酯、阳离子单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵7份、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸(AMPS)3份、二月桂酸二丁基锡3份、无机阻燃剂氢氧化铝12份，在82℃下反应4h，再加入丙三醇9份，在72℃下反应40min，得到改性聚氨酯；
第2步：将第1步得到的改性聚氨酯通过熔融纺丝的方式制备为改性聚氨酯纤维，熔融纺丝的中纺丝头温度在190℃之间，得到的改性聚氨酯纤维的细度为6～8dtex，长度70～180mm；
第3步，按重量份计，将木棉纤维90份、改性聚氨酯纤维30份、聚酯纤维15份混合均匀，经过开松、梳理、成网、针刺加固、卷绕、切断，即得到吸音棉。
对照例1
与实施例3的区别在于：聚氨酯的制备中未经过丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸改性。
第1步：按重量份计，取22份的聚乙二醇，在115℃温度下边搅拌边真空脱水2h，冷却至室温，加入12份的甲苯二异氰酸酯、阳离子单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵7份、二月桂酸二丁基锡3份、无机阻燃剂氢氧化铝12份，在82℃下反应4h，再加入丙三醇9份，在72℃下反应40min，得到改性聚氨酯；
第2步：将第1步得到的改性聚氨酯通过熔融纺丝的方式制备为改性聚氨酯纤维，熔融纺丝的中纺丝头温度在190℃之间，得到的改性聚氨酯纤维的细度为6～8dtex，长度70～180mm；
第3步，按重量份计，将木棉纤维90份、改性聚氨酯纤维30份、聚酯纤维15份混合均匀，经过开松、梳理、成网、针刺加固、卷绕、切断，即得到吸音棉。
以上制备得到的吸音棉的性能如下：
从表中可以看出，本发明制备得到的吸音棉具有良好的机械强度、并且具有较好的隔热性能和隔音性能；实施例3相对于对照例1来说，聚氨酯的制备中经过丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸改性，可以有效地使聚氨酯纤维与聚酯纤维形成网状交联，提高材料的隔音性能。

Claims (1)

1.一种汽车引擎盖上使用的吸音棉的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
第1步：按重量份计，取22份的聚乙二醇，在115℃温度下边搅拌边真空脱水2h，冷却至室温，加入12份的甲苯二异氰酸酯、阳离子单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵7份、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸3份、二月桂酸二丁基锡3份、无机阻燃剂氢氧化铝12份，在82℃下反应4h，再加入丙三醇9份，在72℃下反应40min，得到改性聚氨酯；
第2步：将第1步得到的改性聚氨酯通过熔融纺丝的方式制备为改性聚氨酯纤维，熔融纺丝中的纺丝头温度在190℃，得到的改性聚氨酯纤维的细度为6～8dtex，长度70～180mm；
第3步，按重量份计，将木棉纤维90份、改性聚氨酯纤维30份、聚酯纤维15份混合均匀，经过开松、梳理、成网、针刺加固、卷绕、切断，即得到吸音棉。
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