CN106226176A - Rock dynamic mechanical test device and method under underwater explosion loading effect - Google Patents
Rock dynamic mechanical test device and method under underwater explosion loading effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN106226176A CN106226176A CN201610530727.XA CN201610530727A CN106226176A CN 106226176 A CN106226176 A CN 106226176A CN 201610530727 A CN201610530727 A CN 201610530727A CN 106226176 A CN106226176 A CN 106226176A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/313—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by explosives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Abstract
Rock dynamic mechanical test device and method under underwater explosion loading effect, described device includes water shock wave generator, Hopkinson pressure bar, described water shock wave generator is arranged on one end of Hopkinson pressure bar incident bar, and water shock wave generator includes container, pressure adjustment knob, hydraulic pressure sensor, detonator, detonator, water-proof explosive.Its method of testing is carried out by Hopkinson pressure bar test method.The present invention reduces underwater explosion stress state to greatest extent, test for rock dynamic mechanical during underwater demolition, provide a kind of effective reliable measurements device and method, be conducive to the research of underwater explosion blast mechanism, Energy distribution, propagation law, dynamic response etc. is and guided engineering construction, take effectively to protect to hydraulic facility and construction of structures, reduce blast negative effect to greatest extent.Present configuration is rationally, experiment is convenient, theory is simple, easy to operation, and simulation is true, and measurement result is accurately and reliably.Possibility is provided for realizing under water precisely explosion.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses rock dynamic mechanical test device and method under a kind of underwater explosion loading effect；Especially
Relate to rock dynamic mechanical test device under a kind of underwater explosion loading effect based on Hopkinson pressure bar experimental system
And method, belong to material mechanical performance field of measuring technique.
Technical background
As far back as 1914 Hopkinson (Hopkinson) just propose material at High-Speed Loading under dynamic mechanical
Can method of testing, the applying of load is to impact stock by bullet or blast wave, by during explosive charge or projectile impact is to hard
The produced load of body surface.Kolsky in 1949 uses the blast wave impact riveting stake that detonator produces, make riveting stake impact steel pole from
And produce incident compressional wave, the SHPB device in this device much like modern times.At present, experiment load bringing device used is high
Pressure vapour big gun, using gases at high pressure as power, promotes the drift in emission cavity so that it is the incident bar of high-speed impact system, thus produces
Raw stress pulse.Above load bringing device and method be a kind of simulate rigid contact under the conditions of load act on the dynamic of rock
Mechanic property test method, is only capable of the simulation such as soilstone ratio rigid load situation to the impact etc. of rock, to measure at a high speed
The dynamic mechanical of rock under loading environment.Also having a kind of explosion, it has one or more surfaces to face sky at the water surface hereinafter referred to as water
Lower explosion, underwater demolition and rock blasting is very different, and the Explosive Shock Loading that underwater demolition process produces is by water body
Compression propagate, water body is the medium of homogenizing and isotropic, and the brisance of explosive is also had the biggest by the depth of water, hydraulic pressure
Impact, is not quite similar under this and non-underwater environment.The application of current underwater demolition is increasingly wider, to its research the most increasingly
Many, it is concentrated mainly on such as power station, port and pier, bridge construction, lake, ocean, the dredging in navigation channel, bay, canal, and dam
Build, the field such as the salvaging of shipwreck.But for the underwater explosion loading laboratory test research to the blasting impact effect of rock
Little, lack related experiment equipment simple, economic, easy-operating.Underwater demolition research is later than rock blasting, and under water
The test device and method of the dynamic mechanical of rock the most rare report at present under explosive load effect, up to now, very
Rare to the public affairs of the method for testing of rock dynamic mechanical when relating to load simulator and the underwater explosion of underwater explosion
Opening report, therefore research and development one is suitable for simulation underwater demolition brittle material surface stress measurement Apparatus and method for, studies under water
The strength characteristics of material under blasting environment, becomes needing badly of this area.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of prior art, it is provided that one is rational in infrastructure, experiment is convenient, easy and simple to handle
Easy, the most truly simulation the underwater explosion loading effect accurately and reliably of underwater explosion stress state, measurement result under rock
Stone dynamic mechanical test device and method.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention, described device includes that water shock wave is sent out
Raw device, incident bar, transmission bar, foil gauge, Acquisition Instrument；Described water shock wave generator is arranged on one end of incident bar, incident bar
The other end is provided with the transmission bar installed with incident bar coaxial line, is provided with for accommodating to be measured between end at incident bar and transmission bar
The room of sample, incident bar be respectively provided with one group of foil gauge electrically connected with Acquisition Instrument on transmission bar；
Described water shock wave generator includes container, pressure adjustment knob, hydraulic pressure sensor, detonator, detonator, waterproof fried
Medicine, fills water in described container, detonator, water-proof explosive one is installed and is suspended in water, and detonator one end is connected with detonator, another
End extends to outside container；Described hydraulic pressure sensor is embedded on the wall, and one end extends to contact with water in container, the other end and
Acquisition Instrument connects；Being additionally provided with a screwed hole on container, pressure adjustment knob spinning is in described screwed hole.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention, described foil gauge is separately mounted to
On the bar wall of incident bar end close with transmission bar；The foil gauge being arranged on incident bar is defined as first group of foil gauge, is arranged on
Foil gauge on transmission bar is defined as second group of foil gauge.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention, described strain gauge adhesion is in incidence
On the bar wall of bar or transmission bar, or described foil gauge is inlaid on incident bar or transmission bar.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention, one end of detonator passes pressure
Adjusting knob extends to outside container.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device, the appearance of described water shock wave generator under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention
Device is hollow cylinder or hollow ball.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention, when container is hollow cylinder,
One end of hollow cylinder is to close bottom surface, and the other end is opening, is provided with screw thread on an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for opening, and pressure adjustment knob is revolved
It is contained on described screw thread；Hollow cylinder and incident bar coaxial line are installed, and hollow cylinder close bottom surface and incident bar
End thereof contacts；
The length of hollow cylinder is more than or equal to 30cm；The diameter of hollow cylinder matches with incident bar end；
Detonator and explosive are suspended in hollow cylinder the position closing bottom surface near hollow cylinder, distance hollow cylinder
Body closes bottom surface 10～15cm；
When the screw thread of container open end is arranged on an interior ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for opening, it is threaded that pressure adjustment knob is that outer surface sets
Cylindric；
When the screw thread of container open end is arranged on an outer ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for opening, pressure adjustment knob is to be provided with the cylinder of overcoat
Body, is provided with screw thread at described overcoat inner surface.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention, when container is hollow ball, spherical shell
Surface is provided with a plane matched with incident bar end, the center vertical line of described plane and incident bar dead in line；Spherical shell
Being provided with a screwed hole, pressure adjustment knob spinning is in described screwed hole；
The diameter of hollow ball is more than or equal to 30cm；
Detonator and explosive are suspended in the center of hollow ball.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention, described water-proof explosive is that emulsifying is exploded
Medicine.
Under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention, rock dynamic mechanical method of testing, comprises the steps:
Step one
Rock sample is arranged in the room being located between incident bar and the close end of transmission bar, makes incident bar and transmission bar
Two faces connecing proximal face symmetrical with sample respectively contact；
Explosive, detonator being arranged in water shock wave generator, detonator one end is connected with explosive, detonator, and the other end passes
Pressure adjustment knob extends to outside water shock wave generator；
Step 2
According to the degree of depth of water corresponding to predetermined underwater explosion position, determine the pressure value P of water at respective depth, regulation
Pressure adjustment knob enters the degree of depth of water shock wave generator, until the water shock wave that the Acquisition Instrument electrically connected with pressure transducer shows
In generator, hydraulic pressure reaches P；
Step 3
After opening Acquisition Instrument, detonating charge, water shock wave generator produces water shock wave, directly impacts incident bar, pass through
Incident bar applies shock loading to sample；
Acquisition Instrument real time record also stores blast and is produced incidence stress wave and arrive the reflection strain stress of first group of foil gaugeR、
The transmission strain stress of second group of foil gaugeT, the strain value ε of sample it is calculated by formula 1～3S, dynamic comprcssive strength σs, averagely
Strain rate
In formula, A represents the cross-sectional area of depression bar, ASRepresent the cross-sectional area of sample, C0Represent the elastic wave velocity of depression bar, pass through
The parts mechanical property parameters that inquiry instrument carries determines, C0For definite value；L represents the length of sample, and E represents the springform of depression bar
Amount.
Principle and advantage
Under one underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention, rock dynamic mechanical test device and method, close by water drum
Envelope, it is ensured that detonator and explosive are placed in totally enclosed water environment blast, safe and reliable.Reach regulation by regulation water drum lid simultaneously
Effect of hydraulic pressure so that experiment can simulate the blast impulse effect under different water depth, different hydraulic pressure environment.Explosive Shock Wave is with water
For medium, incident bar end can carry out tunneling boring uniform load, particularly water drum with incident bar is that section contacts, and explosive impacts
When ripple is to incident bar end load, bucket can conveniently separate with incident bar, will not be to the surge wave being applied to incident bar end face
Produce interference, it is ensured that in Hopkinson pressure bar test, the uniformity of the surge wave that incident bar end is born and surge wave are in incidence
The stability transmitted in bar and reliability, effectively promote the precision of Hopkinson pressure bar test.Overcome and use high pressure gas at present
Body drives drift to carry out the shortcoming that impact can not simulate underwater explosion impact completely.Can be recorded water shock wave lotus by the present invention
Blast mechanism, Energy distribution, propagation law, dynamic response etc. can be carried out deeply by the dynamic characteristics of rock under load effect
Research, beneficially during underwater demolition, target is effectively destroyed by Appropriate application energy, builds hydraulic facility and construction simultaneously
Thing is taked effectively to protect, and reduces blast negative effect to greatest extent.Test for rock dynamic mechanical during underwater demolition, carry
Supply a kind of effective reliable measurements device and method.
Present configuration is rationally, experiment is convenient, theory is simple, easy to operation.Reduce the most quick-fried to greatest extent
Fried stress state, simulation is true, and measurement result is accurately and reliably.Possibility is provided for realizing under water precisely explosion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is hollow core cylinder water shock wave generator architecture schematic diagram of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 2 is that the screw thread of hollow core cylinder water shock wave generator container open end of the present invention is arranged on outside opening
A structural representation during ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre；
Accompanying drawing 3 is hollow bulbus cordis water shock wave generator architecture schematic diagram of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 4 is rock dynamic mechanical test device schematic diagram under underwater explosion loading effect of the present invention.
In figure: 1 container, 2 hydraulic pressure sensors, 3 pressure adjustment knob, 4 detonators, 5 detonators, 6 waterproof
Explosive, 7 water, 8 incident bars, 9 samples, 10 transmission bars, 11 first groups of foil gauges, 12 second groups of foil gauges.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further details by specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Embodiment 1
See accompanying drawing 1,4, rock dynamic mechanical test device, described device bag under invention underwater explosion loading effect
Include water shock wave generator, incident bar 8, transmission bar 10, foil gauge, Acquisition Instrument；Described water shock wave generator includes container 1, pressure
Adjusting knob 3, hydraulic pressure sensor 2, detonator 4, detonator 5, water-proof explosive 6, described container 1 is the hollow cylinder of length 60cm
Body, one end is to close bottom surface, and the other end is opening, fills water 7 in container 1, and detonator 4, water-proof explosive 6 one is installed and is suspended at water
Middle-range hollow cylinder closes bottom surface 10～15cm, and water-proof explosive 6 is emulsion；Detonator 5 one end is connected with detonator 4, separately
One end extends to outside container 1 through pressure adjustment knob 3；Described hydraulic pressure sensor 2 is inlaid on container 1 wall, and one end extends to
Contacting with water in container 1, the other end is connected with Acquisition Instrument；An interior ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for container 1 opening is provided with female thread, pressure regulation rotation
Button 3 sets threaded cylindric and spinning on described female thread for outer surface, and described container 1 is arranged on one end of incident bar 8,
The diameter of the hollow cylinder of container 1 matches with incident bar 8 end, and the other end of incident bar 8 is provided with and incident bar 8 coaxial line
The transmission bar 10 installed, is provided with the room for accommodating sample to be tested, at incident bar at incident bar 8 and transmission bar 10 between end
8 be respectively provided with one group of foil gauge electrically connected with Acquisition Instrument on transmission bar 10；
Described foil gauge is separately mounted on the bar wall of incident bar 8 end close with transmission bar 10；It is arranged on incident bar 8
Foil gauge is defined as first group of foil gauge 11, and the foil gauge being arranged on transmission bar 10 is defined as second group of foil gauge 12；
Described strain gauge adhesion is on the bar wall of incident bar 8 or transmission bar 10.
Described Acquisition Instrument is the static-dynamic deformeter of DH 3817.
Embodiment 2
Seeing accompanying drawing 1,2,4, the present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1:
Being provided with external screw thread on an outer ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for hollow cylinder opening, pressure adjustment knob 3 is the cylinder being provided with overcoat 14
Body, is provided with screw thread spinning on the external screw thread of hollow cylinder opening at described overcoat 14 inner surface, and described foil gauge is embedding
It is contained on incident bar 8 or transmission bar 10.
Embodiment 3
Seeing accompanying drawing 1,3,4, the present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1:
Container 1 is hollow ball, and spherical shell surface is provided with a plane 17 matched with incident bar 8 end, described plane 17
Center vertical line and incident bar 8 dead in line；Spherical shell is provided with a screwed hole 18, and pressure adjustment knob 3 spinning is at described screw thread
In hole 18；
A diameter of 45cm of hollow ball；
Detonator 4 and water-proof explosive 6 are suspended in the center of hollow ball.
Embodiment 4:
Seeing accompanying drawing 4, under underwater explosion loading effect, rock dynamic mechanical method of testing, comprises the steps:
Step one
Rock sample 9 is arranged on and is located at incident bar 8 and transmission bar 10 close in the room between end, make incident bar 8 with
The proximal face that connects of transmission bar 10 contacts with two faces of sample 9 symmetry respectively；
Installing in the container 1 by emulsion 6, detonator 4, detonator 5 one end is connected with emulsion 6, detonator 4, another
End extends to outside container 1 through pressure adjustment knob 3；Emulsion consumption is 5g；
Step 2
The degree of depth according to water corresponding to predetermined underwater explosion position is 20m, calculates the pressure value P of water at respective depth
=196kPa, regulation pressure adjustment knob 3 enters the degree of depth in container 1, until the Acquisition Instrument electrically connected with pressure transducer 2 shows
In the container 1 shown, hydraulic pressure reaches P；
Step 3
After opening Acquisition Instrument (the static-dynamic deformeter of DH 3817), detonating charge, produce water shock wave in the container 1, directly rush
It is driven into Rhizoma Belamcandae 8, by incident bar 8, sample is applied shock loading；
Acquisition Instrument real time record also stores blast and is produced incidence stress wave and arrive the maximum reflection of first group of foil gauge 11
Strain stressR=0.0039, the max transmissive strain stress of second group of foil gauge 12T=263.7 × 10-6；It is calculated by formula 1～3
The strain value ε of sampleS, dynamic comprcssive strength σs, mean strain rate
In formula, A represents the cross-sectional area of incident bar or transmission bar, ASRepresent the cross-sectional area of sample, C0Represent incident bar or
The elastic wave velocity of transmission bar, L represents the length of sample, and E represents the elastic modelling quantity of incident bar or transmission bar；
The present embodiment is surveyed εR、εTValue is respectively as follows: εR=0.0039, εT=263.7 × 10-6；
The size of incident bar is Φ 50 × 2000mm；
The size of sample 9 is Φ 50 × 50mm；
The elastic wave velocity C of incident bar or transmission bar0=5190m/s；
Incident bar or the elastic modulus E=210GPa of transmission bar；
Through being calculated:
εS=0.00201；σs=55.38MPa；
Claims (10)
1. rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect, it is characterised in that: described device includes that water swashs
Wave producer, Hopkinson pressure bar, described water shock wave generator is arranged on one end of Hopkinson pressure bar incident bar, and described water swashs
Wave producer includes container, pressure adjustment knob, hydraulic pressure sensor, detonator, detonator, water-proof explosive.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: in described water shock wave generator, filling water in container, detonator, water-proof explosive one is installed and is suspended in water, detonator one end
Being connected with detonator, the other end extends to outside container；Described hydraulic pressure sensor is embedded on the wall, one end extend in container with
Water contacts, and the other end is connected with Acquisition Instrument；Being additionally provided with a screwed hole on container, pressure adjustment knob spinning is at described screw thread
Kong Zhong.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect the most according to claim 2, its feature exists
In: one end of detonator extends to outside container through pressure adjustment knob.
4. according to rock dynamic mechanical test dress under the underwater explosion loading effect described in claim 1-3 any one
Put, it is characterised in that: the container of described water shock wave generator is hollow cylinder or hollow ball.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect the most according to claim 4, its feature exists
In: when container is hollow cylinder, one end of hollow cylinder is to close bottom surface, and the other end is opening, on an ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for opening
Being provided with screw thread, pressure adjustment knob spinning is on described screw thread；Hollow cylinder is installed with incident bar coaxial line, and hollow cylinder
The end thereof contacts closing bottom surface and incident bar of body.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect the most according to claim 5, its feature exists
In: the length of hollow cylinder is more than or equal to 30cm.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect the most according to claim 5, its feature exists
In: detonator and explosive are suspended in hollow cylinder the position near hollow cylinder closing bottom surface, and distance hollow cylinder seals
Close bottom surface 10～15cm.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect the most according to claim 7, its feature exists
In: an interior ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for container open end is provided with female thread, and it is threaded cylindric that pressure adjustment knob is that outer surface sets；Vessel port
The screw thread of end is arranged on an outer ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre for opening, and pressure adjustment knob is to be provided with the cylinder of overcoat, sets at described overcoat inner surface
There is female thread.
Rock dynamic mechanical test device under underwater explosion loading effect the most according to claim 4, its feature exists
In: container is hollow ball, and spherical shell surface is provided with a plane matched with incident bar end, the center vertical line of described plane with
Incident bar dead in line；Spherical shell is provided with a screwed hole, and pressure adjustment knob spinning is in described screwed hole；
The diameter of hollow ball is more than or equal to 30cm；
Detonator and explosive are suspended in the center of hollow ball.
10. rock dynamic mechanical method of testing under underwater explosion loading effect, comprises the steps:
Step one
Rock sample is arranged on and is located at incident bar and transmission bar close in the room between end, make connecing of incident bar and transmission bar
Two faces that proximal face is symmetrical with sample respectively contact；
Explosive, detonator being arranged in water shock wave generator, detonator one end is connected with explosive, detonator, and the other end passes pressure
Adjusting knob extends to outside water shock wave generator；
Step 2
According to the degree of depth of water corresponding to predetermined underwater explosion position, determine the pressure value P of water at respective depth, regulate pressure
Adjusting knob enters the degree of depth of water shock wave generator, until the water shock wave that the Acquisition Instrument electrically connected with pressure transducer shows occurs
In device, hydraulic pressure reaches P；
Step 3
After opening Acquisition Instrument, detonating charge, water shock wave generator produces water shock wave, directly impacts incident bar, by incidence
Pole pair sample applies shock loading；
Acquisition Instrument real time record also stores blast and is produced incidence stress wave and arrive the reflection strain stress of first group of foil gaugeR, second
The transmission strain stress of group foil gaugeT, the strain value ε of sample it is calculated by formula 1～3S, dynamic comprcssive strength σs, mean strain
Rate
In formula, A represents the cross-sectional area of depression bar, ASRepresent the cross-sectional area of sample, C0Representing the elastic wave velocity of depression bar, L represents examination
The length of sample, E represents the elastic modelling quantity of depression bar.
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| CN201610530727.XA CN106226176B (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | Underwater explosion loading acts on lower rock dynamic mechanical test method |
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| CN201610530727.XA CN106226176B (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | Underwater explosion loading acts on lower rock dynamic mechanical test method |
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| CN106226176B CN106226176B (en) | 2018-12-25 |
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| CN106706254A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-05-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater explosion shock wave equivalent loading experimental device |
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| CN107101873A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-08-29 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | It is a kind of measure material under water under detonation dynamic response experimental provision |
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