CN109855971A - The measurement method that buoyant material buoyancy loses under a kind of simulated deep-sea environment - Google Patents
The measurement method that buoyant material buoyancy loses under a kind of simulated deep-sea environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109855971A CN109855971A CN201811569359.5A CN201811569359A CN109855971A CN 109855971 A CN109855971 A CN 109855971A CN 201811569359 A CN201811569359 A CN 201811569359A CN 109855971 A CN109855971 A CN 109855971A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the measurement methods that buoyant material buoyancy under a kind of simulated deep-sea environment loses, and first hang the test fixture equipped with blocky buoyant material in autoclave pressure, test fixture sinks to autoclave pressure bottom under the action of counterweight；Then the changing value of the axial stress of the foil gauge on pull rod is attached to before and after measurement simulation deep sea pressure, finally according to formula Δ F=F0‑F1=(σ0‑σ1) S=Δ σSBuoyancy loss after calculating buoyant material pressure-bearing, the present invention can easily detect the loss of buoyant material true buoyancy in the use environment of deep-sea, improve detection buoyancy and lose measurement accuracy, while reducing experimentation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to buoyant material analogue measurement technical fields, and in particular to buoyant material under a kind of simulated deep-sea environment
The measurement method of buoyancy loss.
Background technique
Solid buoyancy material is a kind of important composition material for developing diving in deep depth technology, which can bear myriametre
Huge hydrostatic pressure under grade deep-marine-environment, and the density of itself is smaller, can provide the buoyancy of recycling to submersible.Work as submersible
Need float or occur chance failure when, can by separation throw carry counterweight, make submersible under the action of solid buoyancy material from
It is dynamic to float, protect the safety of life and property.
Solid buoyancy material is under the action of deep-marine-environment hydrostatic pressure, buoyant material water absorption rate and cubical contraction two
Factor produces the loss of solid buoyancy material buoyancy, and buoyancy loss is to measure the whether advanced important technology of buoyant material
Performance indicator.Simultaneously because buoyant material is in different working depth, caused buoyancy loss is different, and different type
Buoyant material caused by buoyancy loss be also different, it is solid in submersible so measure under certain depth deep-marine-environment
The loss of body buoyant material buoyancy, the payload needed for design submersible provide important theoretical reference, i.e., additional to increase
A certain number of buoyant materials compensate in submersible floating draught control system.
At present frequently with method be the cubical contraction of buoyant material first to be measured with small pressure kettle, and then calculate
The loss of the buoyancy due to caused by buoyant material volume contraction；Then according still further to the formula of the loss of buoyancy caused by water absorption rate, examination
It tests and measures the loss of buoyancy caused by water absorption rate.This method is disadvantageous in that: caused by cubical contraction and water absorption rate
Buoyancy loss needs to be respectively calculated, therefore will cause calculated result and generate biggish error；In addition, working as buoyant material from pressure
When being weighed after taking out in power kettle, the quality that buoyant material is measured under normal pressure can be less than the quality after absorbing water under pressure environment,
Therefore buoyant material water absorption rate measures buoyancy and loses buoyancy loss measurement accuracy that is smaller, and then influencing buoyant material.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides the measurement method that buoyant material buoyancy under a kind of simulated deep-sea environment loses, energy
Enough losses for easily detecting buoyant material true buoyancy in the use environment of deep-sea improve detection buoyancy loss measurement essence
Degree, while reducing experimentation cost.
The measurement method that buoyant material buoyancy loses under a kind of simulated deep-sea environment, the device which uses include
For simulation test deep sea pressure autoclave pressure, place buoyant material frame, the counterweight and patch being connected by pull rod with frame
Foil gauge on pull rod；
The realization of the measurement method the following steps are included:
Step 1: hanging the test fixture equipped with blocky buoyant material in autoclave pressure, tested under the action of counterweight
Tooling sinks to autoclave pressure bottom；
Step 2: the axial stress for the foil gauge that measurement is attached on pull rod；
Step 3: suppressing the pressure in autoclave pressure to the simulation subsequent pressure maintaining of deep sea pressure；
Step 4: measuring the axial stress of foil gauge after pressure maintaining to stipulated time；
Step 5: according to formula Δ F=F0-F1=(σ0-σ1) S=Δ σSBuoyancy loss after calculating buoyant material pressure-bearing,
Wherein, F0And F1It is buoyant material corresponding buoyancy, σ under primary condition and limit depth operating pressure respectively0With
σ1It is that the buoyant material axial direction that foil gauge is subject on pull rod cross section under primary condition and limit depth operating pressure is answered respectively
Power, S are the cross-sectional area of pull rod.
Further, the formula Δ F=F0-F1=(σ0-σ1) S=Δ σSDerivation process it is as follows:
The G assuming that buoyant material is self-possessed0, buoyant material is totally submerged buoyancy F in water0, frame weight G1, with heavy
Amount is G2, wherein counterweight G2With the weight G of frame1Greater than the buoyancy F of buoyant mass0, guarantee the frame of dress buoyant material in counterweight
Autoclave pressure bottom is sunk under effect, pressure of the buoyant material block under primary condition and limit depth operating pressure is respectively P0=
0 and P1, corresponding buoyancy is respectively F0And F1, it is ε that the axial tension stress that deformeter measures is corresponded on the S of pull rod cross section0And ε1, stress
For σ0And σ1, then Δ σ=ε1-ε0；
The determination of buoyancy loss:
The cross section of pull rod is taken to carry out force analysis, by stress on pull rod cross section:
σ0=(F0-G0)/S
By stress on the cross section S under the limiting pressure of deep-sea:
σ1=(F1-G0)/S
Buoyancy loss before and after pressure-bearing:
Δ F=F0-F1=(σ0-σ1) S=Δ σS。
The utility model has the advantages that
1, the present invention can effectively simulate the deep-marine-environment used by autoclave pressure, and under the deep-marine-environment of simulation,
The loss of buoyant material buoyancy is measured, measurement result is accurate.
2, the measurement method of buoyant material buoyancy loss of the invention be able to solve at present frequently with method deficiency, mention
High test efficiency, reduces experimentation cost.
3, the present invention need to only measure axial tensile stress of the pull rod before and after pressure-bearing in testing, then can be straight by formula
It connects and calculates material buoyancy penalty values under deep-marine-environment, to provide important theory for the payload that design submersible needs
With reference to.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is simulator theory of constitution figure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is measuring principle figure of the invention.
Wherein, 1- adjustable flow metering pump, 2- autoclave pressure, 3- foil gauge, 4- buoyant material, 5- test fixture, 6- are integrated
Control cabinet, 7- frame, 8- pull rod, 9- counterweight.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention provides the measurement methods that buoyant material buoyancy under a kind of simulated deep-sea environment loses, as shown in Fig. 1,
The simulator that the measurement method uses includes adjustable flow metering pump 1, autoclave pressure 2, foil gauge 3, buoyant material 4, test work
Fill 5 and integrated control cabinet 6；
Block-like buoyant material 4 is placed in test fixture 5, and test fixture 5 is placed in again in the autoclave pressure 2 after water filling, is being collected
Deep-sea use environment to be simulated is needed at setting on the host of control cabinet 6, the control collection of adjustable flow metering pump 1 adds autoclave pressure 2
Pressure, thus for the use environment at tested buoyant material simulation deep-sea.
As shown in Fig. 2, test fixture 5 includes frame 7, pull rod 8 and counterweight 9, and frame 7 connects counterweight 9 by pull rod 8,
Buoyant material 4 is placed on inside frame 7.It is provided with foil gauge 3 on pull rod 8, can be measured out by 6 internal strain instrument of integrated control cabinet
Strain of the buoyant material 4 before and after pressure-bearing calculates the loss of buoyancy before and after pressure-bearing according to the strain gauge measured.
The first step, setting needs deep-sea use environment to be simulated on the host of integrated control cabinet, opens pressure kettle cover, right
Half tank water is just injected in autoclave pressure；
In test fixture, the test fixture equipped with buoyant material is hung in pressure by buoyant material for second step
In kettle, it is ensured that under the action of counterweight, test fixture sinks to autoclave pressure bottom；
Third step measures the axial stress ε for the foil gauge 3 being attached on pull rod 8 by integrated control cabinet internal strain instrument0；
4th step closes pressure kettle cover, controls adjustable flow metering pump 1 by integrated control cabinet 6 and fills the water row to autoclave pressure 2
Gas is simultaneously suppressed, when collect the pressure in autoclave pressure 2 reach be arranged deep sea pressure to be simulated when, stop suppressing, into pressure maintaining
State carries out ftercompction to autoclave pressure 2 by force (forcing) pump, until reaching defined pressure maintaining if generating leakage in pressure maintaining period
Time；
5th step after pressure maintaining to stipulated time, measures the foil gauge being attached on pull rod by integrated control cabinet internal strain instrument
Axial stress ε1, according to formula Δ F=F0-F1=(σ0-σ1) S=Δ σS, buoyant material is directly calculated in the depth simulated
Buoyancy penalty values in extra large environment；
6th step carries out release to autoclave pressure 2 by integrated control cabinet 6, and retracts out 4 sample block of buoyant material, has tested
At.
In the use environment of deep-sea, the buoyancy loss of buoyant material is mainly by the water absorption rate and volume contraction of buoyant material
Caused by two kinds of factors of rate.Wherein buoyancy caused by water absorption rate loses, and mainly has in buoyant material caused by microballon Breakage Reasons,
Wherein water absorption rate formula is w=(m1-m0)/m0%, w is water absorption rate, m in formula1Quality after being suppressed for buoyant material, m0For buoyancy
The initial quality of material；The loss of buoyancy caused by cubical contraction is unrelated with the shape of buoyant material block and volume size, with depth
Extra large use environment launching stress P1It is related with bulk modulus.So the loss of buoyant material buoyancy is surveyed under simulated deep-sea environment
Amount needs the big pressure environment for providing simulated deep-sea environment in autoclave pressure to measure because of water absorption rate and cubical contraction collective effect
Under buoyancy loss.Measuring principle figure is as shown in Figure 2.The G assuming that buoyant material is self-possessed0, it is totally submerged buoyancy F in water0, frame
Frame weight G1, counterweight G2, wherein counterweight G2With the weight G of frame1Greater than the buoyancy F of buoyant mass0, guarantee the frame of dress buoyant material
Under the action of counterweight, autoclave pressure bottom can be sunk to, buoyant material block is under primary condition and limit depth operating pressure
Pressure is respectively P0=0 and P1, corresponding buoyancy is respectively F0And F1, the axial stress that deformeter measures is corresponded on the cross section pull rod S
Value is ε0And ε1, stress σ0And σ1, then Δ σ=ε1-ε0；
The determination of buoyancy loss:
The cross section s of pull rod is taken to carry out force analysis, by stress on the cross section pull rod S:
σ0=(F0-G0)/S
By stress on the cross section S under the limiting pressure of deep-sea:
σ1=(F1-G0)/S
Buoyancy loss before and after pressure-bearing:
Δ F=F0-F1=(σ0-σ1) S=Δ σS
Pull rod cross-sectional area S is it is known that axial tensile stress of the pull rod before and after pressure-bearing can be surveyed by deformeter correction factor
It takes out, so directly calculating under deep-marine-environment by the formula, the buoyancy penalty values of buoyant material is used under certain depth.
In conclusion the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, being not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (2)
1. the measurement method that buoyant material buoyancy loses under a kind of simulated deep-sea environment, which is characterized in that the measurement method uses
Device include for simulation test deep sea pressure autoclave pressure, place buoyant material frame, be connected by pull rod with frame
Counterweight and the foil gauge that is attached on pull rod；
The realization of the measurement method the following steps are included:
Step 1: the test fixture equipped with blocky buoyant material is hung in autoclave pressure, test fixture under the action of counterweight
Sink to autoclave pressure bottom；
Step 2: the axial stress for the foil gauge that measurement is attached on pull rod；
Step 3: suppressing the pressure in autoclave pressure to the simulation subsequent pressure maintaining of deep sea pressure；
Step 4: measuring the axial stress of foil gauge after pressure maintaining to stipulated time；
Step 5: according to formula Δ F=F0-F1=(σ0-σ1) S=Δ σSBuoyancy loss after calculating buoyant material pressure-bearing,
Wherein, F0And F1It is buoyant material corresponding buoyancy, σ under primary condition and limit depth operating pressure respectively0And σ1Point
It is not the buoyant material axial stress that foil gauge is subject on pull rod cross section under primary condition and limit depth operating pressure, S
For the cross-sectional area of pull rod.
2. measurement method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the formula Δ F=F0-F1=(σ0-σ1) S=Δ σS's
Derivation process is as follows:
The G assuming that buoyant material is self-possessed0, buoyant material is totally submerged buoyancy F in water0, frame weight G1, balance weight is
G2, wherein counterweight G2With the weight G of frame1Greater than the buoyancy F of buoyant mass0, guarantee effect of the frame in counterweight of dress buoyant material
Under sink to autoclave pressure bottom, pressure of the buoyant material block under primary condition and limit depth operating pressure is respectively P0=0 He
P1, corresponding buoyancy is respectively F0And F1, it is ε that the axial tension stress that deformeter measures is corresponded on the S of pull rod cross section0And ε1, stress is
σ0And σ1, then Δ σ=ε1-ε0；
The determination of buoyancy loss:
The cross section of pull rod is taken to carry out force analysis, by stress on pull rod cross section:
σ0=(F0-G0)/S
By stress on the cross section S under the limiting pressure of deep-sea:
σ1=(F1-G0)/S
Buoyancy loss before and after pressure-bearing:
Δ F=F0-F1=(σ0-σ1) S=Δ σS。
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110608945A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-24 | 上海海洋大学 | Hydrostatic pressure damage detection device and detection method for full-sea deep buoyancy material |
| CN111442871A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-24 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Method for measuring net buoyancy loss of underwater glider at different water depths |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111442871A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-24 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Method for measuring net buoyancy loss of underwater glider at different water depths |
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